EP3859257B1 - Bouchons de fermeture pour trous de coulée de convertisseur - Google Patents

Bouchons de fermeture pour trous de coulée de convertisseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3859257B1
EP3859257B1 EP21153763.4A EP21153763A EP3859257B1 EP 3859257 B1 EP3859257 B1 EP 3859257B1 EP 21153763 A EP21153763 A EP 21153763A EP 3859257 B1 EP3859257 B1 EP 3859257B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
end plate
plug body
retaining claws
plug according
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EP21153763.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3859257A1 (fr
Inventor
Veronica Stilkerieg
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sealing plug for temporarily closing the tap hole of a tiltable converter, consisting of a cylindrical, deformable plug body made of a mixture of clay, light bodies made of easily meltable hydrocarbon compounds, plasticizers and celluloses as well as oil as a molding aid, a base plate delimiting the plug body at the bottom, a base plate limiting the plug body at the top delimiting end plate and a tube connecting the two plates, the plug body being insertable via an applicator from the cold edge into the tap hole and being able to be fixed therein and flushed out of the tap hole again via the liquid steel.
  • pig iron In the blast furnace process, pig iron is first produced from iron ore using coke and lime. After being tapped in torpedo ladles, the pig iron is sent for further processing. The pig iron, which has been processed in the meantime, is then used in the converter to produce steel by blowing it with oxygen, with additives such as scrap and alloy materials usually being used for this purpose.
  • These tiltable converters have an outlet opening or tap hole at a suitable point in the converter wall above the level of the steel bath for transferring the liquid steel into the tapping ladle. For emptying, the converter is tilted into such a position that the steel flows through the tap hole into the downstream ladle.
  • the sealing plug is pushed into the converter tapping channel so far that its end plate is positioned almost flush with the inside of the converter and then set by pulling the claw.
  • the end plate transitions into a funnel channel that penetrates the sealing plug, so that the plug is actually fixed on the inside of the converter and not on its outer wall. If the sealing plug is set accordingly, the end plate sinters and neither slag nor other parts can flow out through the tap hole, only the pure liquid steel.
  • the end plate and also the funnel channel or the tube defining it are partially melted, whereby the steel can flow in a targeted manner into the tapping ladle below.
  • Such a sealing plug consists of refractory material, light bodies made of easily meltable hydrocarbon compounds, plasticizers, cellulose and oil.
  • a sealing plug which is arranged between the end plate and the base plate and consists of deformable material.
  • a retaining plate supported on the inner wall of the converter offers a spring arrangement the possibility of displacing the base plate against the front plate on the manipulation rod and deforming the plug in the process.
  • the Japanese writing JP H 0 725 6437A describes a stopper made up of a cylinder formed by end-connected rods. When moving the ends of a rod, which runs in the middle of the rods and whose ends are joined together, the rods bend in the middle and a kind of barrel is created, which has a ring in the middle that attaches to the tap hole.
  • the U.S. 2011/014 8013 A1 concerns similar to the one described at the beginning EP 0 635 071 a closure plug that is inserted into the taphole with a complex setting device and fixed there by squeezing the deformable plug material.
  • the end plate is pulled on the connecting tube with the aid of a pulling claw that forms the setting device in the direction of the base plate held in place by the setting device.
  • the sealing plug must be held in the tap hole by the employee in a free-floating position, with the employee working overhead.
  • a closure of the tap hole of a converter is described using a so-called slag shield, which is placed on the hot end of the tap hole from the inside of the converter.
  • the slag shield or plate is connected to a rod which, in two solutions shown, has retaining parts or barbs at the ends.
  • the rod with retaining parts is inserted into the taphole from the inside of the converter and then connected to the slag shield, which now cannot leave its position on the taphole because the retaining parts get stuck in the taphole and prevent the rod from being pulled out.
  • a truncated cone with "dart” is also provided, which fixes the plate in its position.
  • a deformable plug body is disclosed, which is deformed in the taphole by a heat-expanding mass between the end plate and base plate until the plug body is firmly seated in the taphole and thus holds the slag shield in its covering position via a connecting rod.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a sealing plug which, due to its material composition, is easily deformable and which can be inserted into the taphole and deformed there without the complex setting device described.
  • the weight of the stopper body is reduced in a targeted manner by the light bodies that are used and, by using viscous oils, it is pushed into the taphole with a rod-shaped applicator and then fixed and deformed there by simply pushing it further, because the retaining claws get stuck when you push them in and with it that too Front plate, so that the base plate can be pushed towards the front plate, while at the same time the plug body is deformed by moving the two plates against each other.
  • the retaining claws attach themselves to the tap hole, so that the plug body, which is already in the tap hole, can no longer be moved any further, but rather is inevitably deformed by the viscous oils.
  • the retaining claws are fixed to the end plate and that the base plate is designed to be displaceable on the tube via the rod-shaped applicator. This ensures that the end plate can no longer be moved further into the tap hole after the retaining claws have been fixed, but rather that the base plate located or arranged on the outside of the converter is now moved further into the tap hole, which ensures that that the plug body deforms and gets stuck in the tap hole.
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides that the retaining claws are fixed to the end plate and the base plate is connected to the tube and both can be displaced in the direction of the end plate via the rod-shaped applicator. This not only moves the base plate in the direction of the end plate, but also the pipe, which is then pushed through the end plate fixed by the retaining claws and thus protrudes a short distance into the tapping channel. This also ensures that the first slag does not flows through the tube and the slag escaping during the blowing process can also block it depending on its composition, but rather only and safely the liquid steel, which then, as already mentioned, dissolves both stopper components, but in any case prevents the slag from flows into the tapping ladle.
  • an expedient embodiment provides that the tube can be displaced via the applicator by 5-15 cm, preferably 10 cm, via the end plate in the direction of the converter interior. This is a great advantage, since the pipe can no longer become clogged with slag spraying out during the blowing process, leading to the disadvantages of clogging described above.
  • an expedient embodiment of the invention provides for two retaining claws, connected to one another, to be placed on the displaceable end plate, encompassing the pipe above. If the end plate is now moved, the retaining claws ensure that this is not possible if the retaining claws have become stuck on the tap hole or in the tap hole.
  • Such fixing of the retaining claws is ensured if they are made of 6 mm reinforcing iron and are bent at the lower, free end to form the hook and have an external dimension of + 30 - 50 mm, preferably 40 mm larger than the plug circumference and 3 - 10 cm longer than the plug body are formed having. Because of these dimensions, it is first of all ensured that the upper end, which is either attached to the end plate or rests on it, can rest tightly against the plug body, i.e. it cannot impede the insertion process into the tap hole in any case. If the base body is then inserted far enough into the tap hole, the lower free ends with the hook will settle around the tap hole or around the cold outer edge, so that the deformation process can then begin safely. All this is done with the simple stick or applicator, so that skill can no longer play a decisive role here.
  • the plug body consists of the soft mass mentioned in claim 1, in particular also the mineral oil used and the light body, with a further development providing, in addition to these light bodies made of easily meltable hydrocarbon compounds, additional light bodies in the form of mineral ones to achieve a low overall weight and good handling Expanded glass existing hollow glass spheres are mixed with in the plug body.
  • the plug body having these different lightweight bodies or additional lightweight bodies is characterized not only by a low overall weight, but also by the fact that it can be handled optimally and can therefore be easily introduced into the taphole.
  • the contained mineral oil has an optimal shaping effect.
  • hollow glass spheres are basically from the EP 2 315 859 B1 known, but not in the material composition specified here and also not together with polystyrene granulate of 0.3 - 5 mm, which, however, only brings the desired optimal weight reduction and thus optimal ease of handling in this composition and, moreover, together with the specific clay and Bentonite gives the mass the necessary softness.
  • the polystyrene should not have a spherical shape. This shape gives the polystyrene a modified structure which, together with the expanded glass, gives the stopper a high level of stability.
  • the specifically shaped polystyrene gives the mass or the mixture a much better hold than the polystyrene beads previously used, because the new shape (coffee bean shape) creates a matrix similar to that of a concrete mixture. In this way, the desired stability can be reliably achieved and maintained.
  • the polystyrene granules should also be a graphitized polystyrene according to the invention, this graphitized styrofoam for an optimal good mixing and adhesion of all components of the stopper body.
  • a sealing plug ensures quick installation, ensures that the preliminary slag is always held back, even while the converter is tilting, sits securely in the taphole, does not sinter and ensures that the channel is completely free within 5 to 10 seconds at the moment of tapping , so that the steel can flow out.
  • the stopper can be stored well and is light in weight, which makes it particularly easy to insert into the converter's tap hole.
  • the sealing plug according to the invention ensures a sufficiently high steel bath above the plug by briefly retaining the steel, so that tapping vortices can be reliably prevented.
  • These disadvantageous vortices occur with bath heights of less than 2.5 times the tapping diameter, i.e. with a tapping of 160 mm below a height of 400 mm. If there is no sealing plug, vortices are created which move through the bath to the surface and pull converter slag into the receiver or the tapping ladle during tapping.
  • figure 1 shows a converter 2 in section, it being seen that the outflowing liquid steel 5 carries a layer of slag 6.
  • the liquid steel 5 flows through the tap hole 4 into the tapping ladle 3, which is already partially filled with liquid steel 5'.
  • the sealing plug 1 is in here figure 1 not shown and not recognizable because it has already been flushed out of tap hole 4 by the liquid steel.
  • the interior of the converter is denoted by 18 and the cold edge of the tap hole 4 is denoted by 24.
  • FIG 2 actually shows the state of the art, in which the sealing plug 1 is inserted with its entire plug body 8 into the tap hole 4 in order to then be deformed by the setting device 22, for which purpose the base plate 11 and end plate 12 are moved towards one another with the setting device 22, 22' will.
  • the wall of the plug body 8 is pressed against the inner wall of the tap hole 4 and the tap hole 4 is thus effectively closed.
  • liquid steel can flow through the pipe 13 as shown in FIG figure 1 shown to disperse in tapping ladle 3.
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of the sealing plug 1 with the plug body 8, which is covered by the end plate 12 at the end to be introduced first into the tap hole 4.
  • This end plate 12 is connected to 4 retaining claws 15, 16, 20, 21, these retaining claws 15, 16, 20, 21 with their hooks 26, 26' ensure that the plug body 8 is fixed there on the inner wall 7 or on the cold edge of the tap hole 24 after it has been inserted into the tap hole 4 .
  • Below the base plate 11 is not visible, but the protruding tube 13, the base plate 11 and end plate 12 connects.
  • figure 4 shows an embodiment in which only two retaining claws 15, 16 are used, which have hooks 26, 26' at the lower end, ie at the free end 25.
  • the retaining claws 15, 16 are firmly fixed to the upper end plate 12, while the displaceable mass 30 with the lower loose base plate 11 can be pushed against the upper end plate 12, which is firmly connected to the tube 13, so that the outer wall 27 of the plug body 8 is tight the inner wall 7 of the tap hole 4 can create.
  • the stopper body 8 has polystyrene granulate in addition to the quantity of clay
  • the sealing plug after figure 5 is characterized in that the two retaining claws 15, 16 are looped around the tube 13 above the end plate 12 and connected to one another, so that a fixation, ie a connection to the end plate 12, can be dispensed with.
  • the tube 13 has an overhang 14 here, which is created by the pipe being pushed through the end plate 12 in order to reach the overhang 14 already mentioned earlier, and this can take place when the plug body 8 is deformed.
  • slag 6 cannot flow through the pipe 13 and close it, since the pipe 13 protrudes about 10 cm at the top towards the hot side and no slag 6 may then build up in the pipe 13 . Otherwise, if the pipe 13 does not protrude during the blowing process, it would easily become clogged with slag spraying out, which would later cause problems when the liquid steel 5 tipped out or ran out.
  • FIG 6 shows an embodiment in which the braces 15, 16 are connected to the end plate 12, wherein the tube 13 together with the Base plate 11 is moved in the direction of the end plate, so as to fix the plug body 8 in the tap hole 4.
  • the plug body in addition to the clay mixture 9 and the light bodies 10, 10 ', also has additional light bodies 28, 28', 28 ", which are introduced into the mixture.
  • the additional light bodies 28' consist of sodium / calcium spherical silicate and the Additional lightweight body 28" made of aluminum ball silicate, so that overall a mixture is created as specified in claim 11.
  • the lightweight polystyrene granules consist of graphitized polystyrene and have the aforementioned coffee bean shape.
  • a rod-shaped applicator 17 is shown, with which the plug body 8 can be inserted into the tap hole 4 . Since the plug body 8 is equipped with the retaining claws 15, 16 shown in both figures, which have hooks 26, the plug body 8 settles when it reaches the position of figure 7 or. figure 8 fixed in the tap hole 4, in which case either the base plate 11 is moved in the direction of the end plate 12 or the end plate 12 in the direction of the base plate 11. Again, the supernatant 14 is here figure 8 recognizable and an auxiliary unit that should not really be described as a setting device 22, but rather the already mentioned rod-shaped applicator 17.
  • figure 9 then shows the light bodies 10, 10', 10" mentioned several times, with the coffee bean shape being particularly noteworthy here.
  • these light bodies 10 are characterized by their black color, which is the result of graphitization. It can be seen that the surface of these light bodies 10 is not quite flat, but rather shows notches, edges and the like, which facilitates attachment to the clay mixture 9 .
  • the tap hole 4 is shown with its two edges. On the inside, ie on the liquid steel 5, the warm edge 23 can be seen, while the cold edge, which has already been mentioned, is denoted by 24. at figure 5 the enclosing of the ends of the retaining claws 15, 16 is identified by the reference numeral 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Bouchon de fermeture pour la fermeture temporaire du trou de coulée (4) d'un convertisseur basculant (2), consistant en un corps de bouchon (8) de forme cylindrique déformable constitué d'un mélange d'argile (9), de corps légers (10) en composés d'hydrocarbures, de plastifiants et de celluloses très fusibles ainsi que d'huile en tant qu'agent auxiliaire de moulage, d'une tôle de base (11) délimitant le corps de bouchon (8) en bas, d'une tôle frontale (12) délimitant le corps de bouchon (8) en haut et d'un tuyau (13) reliant les deux tôles, dans lequel le corps de bouchon (8) peut être introduit via un applicateur (17) depuis le bord froid (24) dans le trou de coulée (4) et y être fixé, et est formé de façon à pouvoir être éjecté hors du trou de coulée (4) par l'acier liquide (5),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps de bouchon (8) est, grâce à l'adjonction d'huiles visqueuses en tant que masse molle, réalisé de façon à pouvoir facilement être déformé et que des griffes de retenue (15, 16) lui sont attribuées, qui sont formées de façon à s'accrocher avec leurs crochets (26, 26') à la paroi intérieure (7) du trou de coulée (4) lors de l'insertion du corps de bouchon (8), dans lequel alors la tôle de base (11) est mobile dans le sens de la tôle frontale (12) reliée avec des griffes de retenue (15, 16) et est réalisé en provoquant une déformation du corps de bouchon (8) entre la tôle de base (11) et la tôle frontale (12) à l'aide de l'applicateur en forme de tige (17').
  2. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les griffes de retenue (15, 16) sont fixées sur la tôle frontale (12) et que la tôle de base (11) est constituée de manière à pouvoir glisser sur le tuyau (13) via l'applicateur (17) en forme de tige.
  3. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les griffes de retenue (15, 16) sont fixées sur la tôle frontale (12) et que la tôle de base (11) est reliée au tuyau (13), et que les deux peuvent être coulissées dans le sens de tôle frontale (12) via l'applicateur (17) en forme de tige.
  4. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le tuyau (13) peut être glissé via l'applicateur (17) dans le sens de l'intérieur du convertisseur (18) de 5 - 15 cm, de préférence 10 cm par-dessus la tôle frontale (12).
  5. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    deux griffes de retenue (15, 16) sont réalisées reliées entre elles en entourant le tuyau (13) en haut sur la tôle frontale (12) coulissante.
  6. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    deux, trois ou quatre griffes de retenue (15, 16, 20, 21) sont reliées entre elles à plat et reliées à la tôle frontale (12).
  7. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les griffes de retenue (15, 16, 20, 21) sont conçus de manière à se fixer dans le trou de coulée (4) ou sur le bord (24) extérieur froid du trou de coulée (4).
  8. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les griffes de retenue (15, 16, 20, 21) sont fabriquées en fers d'armature de 6 mm et coudées sur l'extrémité inférieure libre (25) en constituant le crochet (26, 26') et en présentant une dimension extérieure de circonférence de bouchon supérieure de + 30 - 50 mm, de préférence 40 mm et de longueur de 3 - 10 cm supérieure au corps de bouchon (8).
  9. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps de bouchon (8) est, outre des corps légers (10) en composés d'hydrocarbures très fusibles afin d'obtenir un poids plus léger, réalisé en contenant des corps légers supplémentaires (28) sous la forme de billes de verre creuses (28', 28") minérales en verre soufflé.
  10. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps de bouchon (8) est constitué d'un mélange de
    10 - 50 % vol. de granulés de polystyrène (10') de 0,3 - 5 mm,
    5 - 30 % vol. de corps légers supplémentaires (28') sous la forme de silicate de billes creuses de sodium/calcium de 0,2 - 8 mm,
    20 - 45 % vol. de corps légers supplémentaires (28') sous la forme de silicate de billes creuses d'aluminium de 0,1 - 1,5 mm de diamètre et
    15 - 70 % en poids de mélanges d'argile (9) de kaolinite, bentonite et silicate stratifié d'argile 3,
    0,5 - 3 % en poids de plastifiants
    0,1 - 2 % en poids de liquéfiants
    0,1 - 2 % en poids de liants temporaires
    0,1 - 5 % en poids de liants permanents et
    2 - 8 % vol. d'huiles en tant qu'agent auxiliaire de moulage.
  11. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les granulés de polystyrène (10') sous la forme de 2 - 3 mm, le verre soufflé (28') sous la forme de 0,2 - 0,5 mm de diamètre, le silicate de billes creuses d'aluminium (28") sous la forme de 0,1 - 0,5 mm de diamètre forment le corps de bouchon (8) avec les autres parts de mélange.
  12. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les granulés de polystyrène (10') présentent une forme en grains de café irréguliers.
  13. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les granulés de polystyrène (10') sont en polystyrène graphité.
EP21153763.4A 2020-01-29 2021-01-27 Bouchons de fermeture pour trous de coulée de convertisseur Active EP3859257B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020102105.4A DE102020102105A1 (de) 2020-01-29 2020-01-29 Verschlussstopfen für Konverterabstichlöcher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3859257A1 EP3859257A1 (fr) 2021-08-04
EP3859257B1 true EP3859257B1 (fr) 2022-10-19

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EP21153763.4A Active EP3859257B1 (fr) 2020-01-29 2021-01-27 Bouchons de fermeture pour trous de coulée de convertisseur

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EP (1) EP3859257B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020102105A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA038416B1 (fr)
UA (1) UA125972C2 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0315311B1 (fr) * 1987-10-16 1991-07-17 Foseco International Limited Procédé et dispositif pour boucher le trou de coulée d'un récipient métallurgique

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2549728C2 (de) * 1975-11-06 1977-10-06 Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter Ag, 3150 Peine Vorrichtung zum Verschließen des Abstichloches eines Konverters
DE59301739D1 (de) 1992-04-07 1996-04-04 Berthold Stilkerieg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung von kontamination des abstichstahles durch vorlaufschlacke bei einem kippbaren konverter
JP3078701B2 (ja) * 1994-03-18 2000-08-21 東芝セラミックス株式会社 冶金用容器の出鋼口閉塞用膨張性プラグ
DE102005015469A1 (de) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-05 Stilkerieg, Berthold, Dipl.-Ing. Vorrichtung zum zeitweisen Verschließen des Konverterabstichloches mit verbesserten Stopfeneigenschaften
DE102008039142A1 (de) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Stilkerieg, Berthold, Dipl.-Ing. Verschlussstopfen für kippbare Konverter
GB2534231B (en) * 2015-01-19 2019-07-03 Monocon International Refractories Ltd Slag shield

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0315311B1 (fr) * 1987-10-16 1991-07-17 Foseco International Limited Procédé et dispositif pour boucher le trou de coulée d'un récipient métallurgique

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EP3859257A1 (fr) 2021-08-04
EA202090481A1 (ru) 2021-08-24
DE102020102105A1 (de) 2021-07-29
EA038416B1 (ru) 2021-08-26
UA125972C2 (uk) 2022-07-20

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