EP3853878A1 - Sicherungskörper und schmelzsicherung - Google Patents
Sicherungskörper und schmelzsicherungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3853878A1 EP3853878A1 EP19821035.3A EP19821035A EP3853878A1 EP 3853878 A1 EP3853878 A1 EP 3853878A1 EP 19821035 A EP19821035 A EP 19821035A EP 3853878 A1 EP3853878 A1 EP 3853878A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuse
- receiving space
- receiving
- measuring device
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/165—Casings
- H01H85/175—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
- H01H2085/0266—Structural association with a measurement device, e.g. a shunt
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
- H01H2085/0291—Structural association with a current transformer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuse body for a
- a fuse with an integrated measuring function with a first receiving space (115) for receiving a fuse element of the fuse, and with a second receiving space for receiving a measuring device for the fuse.
- the invention relates to a fuse with inte grated measuring function, which has such a fuse body.
- an overcurrent protection device is, for example, a fuse which interrupts the circuit by melting one or more fuse conductors when the current of the circuit protected by the fuse exceeds a certain value over a certain period of time.
- the fusible fuse consists of an insulating body which has two electrical connections which are electrically conductively connected to one another by one or more fusible conductors in the interior of the insulating body.
- the fuse element which has a reduced cross section compared to the other conductors in the circuit, is heated and melted by the current flowing through it when the relevant The nominal current of the fuse is clearly exceeded for a predetermined period of time. Due to its good insulation properties, ceramic is mostly used as the material for the insulating body.
- Such a fuse insert is known in principle, for example, from European patent EP 0 917 723 B1 or the German published documents DE 10 2014 205 871 Al and DE 10 2016 211 621 Al.
- Fuses are available in different designs.
- simple device fuses which have a simple glass cylinder in which the fuse element is accommodated
- the ceramic body is filled with sand - mostly quartz sand:
- the fuse element is surrounded by quartz sand.
- the housing of the fuse is a ceramic body in which the solidified sand
- the quartz sand acts as an arc extinguishing agent: If the nominal current of the fuse is significantly exceeded - for example due to a high short-circuit current - this leads to a response of the fuse, in the course of which the fuse element melts and then evaporates due to the high temperature development. This creates an electrically conductive plasma that initially maintains the current flow between the electrical connections - an arc is formed. The arc is cooled again by the metal vapor of the vaporized fusible conductor being deposited on the surface of the quartz sand. As a result, the resistance inside the fuse link increases so that the arc is finally extinguished. The electrical line to be protected by the fuse is thus interrupted.
- NH fuses usually use one or more fuse links in the form of metal strips.
- the fusible link mostly has so-called bottleneck rows for the selective deactivation of the fuse.
- at least one solder depot can be applied to one or more of the fusible conductors, with the aid of which the overload characteristic of the fuse can be influenced.
- the let-through energy value I 2 t which is decisive for the cut-out behavior of the fuse, is relatively large for NH fuses, which is why they have a rather sluggish characteristic.
- the fuse element heats up to a temperature above the melting temperature of the solder due to an electrical overload current, this solder diffuses into the fuse element material and forms an alloy with it. This increases the electrical resistance of the fusible conductor, which leads to its further heating, as a result of which the diffusion process is accelerated further until the fusible conductor in the vicinity of the solder depot is completely dissolved, so that it breaks off, as a result of which the current flow is interrupted. In the event of a brief, permissible overcurrent, the NH fuse does not switch off prematurely. When a short-circuit current occurs, however, the fuse element breaks at the narrow rows.
- NH fuses are used, for example, to protect systems or control cabinets from fire, for example through overheated connecting cables.
- the operators of electrical systems are increasingly expressing the wish to be able to record the condition of an electrical system in a timely manner. In the past, this was often done by means of a visual inspection - in the case of fuses, for example, by the fuses being equipped with an indicator that visually signals that the respective fuse has blown on the outside of the housing of the fuse in question. In the future, however, there will be an increasing demand to be able to query this information at any time and wherever possible, for example via a control room. For this reason, electrical installation devices are increasingly being upgraded to provide information about their operating status. Electrical switching devices, for example fire protection switches, which already have their own control logic, can be upgraded with relatively little effort to prepare and provide appropriate information.
- a melting fuse is described in the international patent application WO 2017/078525 A1.
- a current sensor is integrated in the pressure body of the fuse. With the help of this current sensor, the current flow occurring during normal operation through the fuse can be measured and transmitted to an interrogation unit arranged outside the fuse.
- an interrogation unit arranged outside the fuse.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a fuse with integrated measurement function and a hedging body for such a fuse, which at least partially overcome the above-mentioned problems.
- the fuse body according to the invention for a fuse with an integrated measurement function has a first receiving space for receiving a fuse element of the fuse, the first receiving space being limited in a longitudinal direction of the fuse by a closure element and in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction by the fuse body. Furthermore, the fuse body has a second receiving space spatially delimited from the first receiving space for receiving a measuring device of the fuse, the second receiving space being designed for receiving the measuring device in a wall section of the securing body.
- a fuse body which can also be referred to as a pressure housing or pressure body, primarily serves to absorb the pressure that occurs when the fuse is heated or triggered, which is why high demands are placed on the mechanical strength and stability of the fuse body.
- the fuse body according to the invention for a fuse with an integrated measuring function also serves to include a measuring device of the fuse and to protect it from damage.
- the securing body has, in addition to the first receiving space for receiving a fusible conductor, a second receiving space for receiving the measuring device, which can advantageously be closed in the longitudinal direction, for example by the closure element. In this way, the measuring device that can be arranged in the second receiving space is effectively protected against disturbing environmental influences such as dust, moisture or dirt.
- a fuse can be implemented, in which the electrical current flowing through the fuse can be detected directly at the fuse, without significantly influencing the design or size - and thus the technical properties of the fuse. This means that a fuse with the outer dimensions of a conventional NH fuse can be implemented, which can also be used for retrofit applications.
- the second receiving space is bounded both inwardly to the first receiving space and also outwardly by a wall section of the fuse body.
- This second receiving space is spatially delimited in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of extension both outward and inward, ie towards the first receiving space, by the securing body. So that is not only effective protection against the above-mentioned environmental influences, but also effective protection against damage to the measuring device by an increase in pressure inside the fuse body due to a triggering of the fuse can be implemented. This significantly improves the reliability of the measuring device.
- the fuse body has an essentially hollow cylindrical shape which can be closed at the ends with a closure element in each case.
- a hollow cylindrical shape which can also be referred to as a prism-like shape, represents a spatial shape which is formed from a base area and an orthogonally oriented height.
- Such spatial shapes have the part before that they can be produced in a simple manner in the extrusion process with a suitable choice of material.
- Other manufacturing processes, especially additive manufacturing processes, also known colloquially as 3D printing, are also possible.
- the second receiving space has an annular first section for receiving a current transformer and a second section for receiving an electronic assembly.
- the second receiving space which serves to receive the measuring device and represents a cavity formed in a wall section of the fuse body, can be divided into two partitions: an annular first section for receiving the current transformer of the measuring device and a second section for receiving the electronic assembly of the measuring device .
- the two sections do not necessarily have to be separated from one another by a partition or the like, but can be arranged directly adjacent to one another or can also merge into one another.
- the first section and / or the second section can be closed by at least one of the closure elements.
- both the first section and the second section can be closed in order to effectively protect the components of the measuring device arranged in the sections from environmental influences such as dust, dirt or moisture. In this way, the assembly effort can be reduced.
- the hedging body is formed in one piece.
- the one-piece embodiment - in particular with regard to the manufacture of the securing body with the aid of an additive manufacturing method - has the advantage that subsequent assembly steps are avoided here.
- the assembly costs can be further reduced as a result.
- the hedging body is formed from a ceramic material or a thermostable plastic.
- Ceramic materials are particularly suitable due to their high compressive strength for the production of a fuse body.
- Thermostable plastics as long as they are sufficiently heat stable, are characterized by their easier processing and, at the same time, comparatively low manufacturing costs.
- the fuse according to the invention with an integrated measuring function has a fuse body of the type described above, through which a first receiving space and a second space spatially delimited from the first receiving space Recording room are formed. Furthermore, the fusible link has a fusible conductor, which is arranged in the first receiving space, and a measuring device, which is arranged in the second receiving space.
- the second housing space is formed in a wall section of the fuse body, the height required for the first space in the longitudinal direction of the fuse corresponding to the height of a standardized NH fuse.
- the measuring device With the help of the measuring device, it is possible to determine the electrical current flowing through the fuse directly at the fuse.
- the second receiving space In a direction radial to the direction of longitudinal extension, the second receiving space is both outward and inward, i.e. delimited to the first recording space by the securing body and thus protected.
- a fuse with an integrated measuring function can be implemented in order to be able to directly detect the state of the fuse, and thus the state of an electrical system protected by means of the fuse, without the need for a visual inspection on site.
- the measuring device has a current transformer and a
- the current transformer is arranged in a first section of the second receiving space, while the electronics module is arranged in a second section of the second receiving space.
- the current transformer arranged in the second receiving space serves on the one hand as a current sensor, which forwards the measured current measured values to the electronic assembly, where the measured values are processed further.
- the energy required for this is also generated with the help of the current transformer by electromagnetic induction from the primary current, ie the operating current of the fuse.
- the current transformer thus also serves as an energy source for the Electronics assembly. In order to provide sufficient energy for the electronic assembly even with low operating currents of the fuse and thus to ensure the reliability of the measuring device, the current transformer must be of a comparatively large size.
- the fuse must be kept compact so that it can also be used for retrofit applications in the context of retrofitting or modernizing existing systems in which a conventional fuse is used without a measuring device.
- the fuse fuse ideally has the dimensions of a standardized NH fuse
- the second receiving space, in which the measuring device is received and held is particularly in the axial direction, i.e. in the longitudinal direction, very limited.
- the electronics module is arranged laterally in a second section of the second receiving space, i.e. arranged in the radial direction, next to the current transformer. In this way, the current transformer can be optimized with regard to its dimensions such that the energy provided for the electronic assembly is as large as possible.
- the electronic assembly has a transmission device in order to transmit a measurement signal detected by the measuring device to a receiving device arranged outside the fuse.
- the determined measurement data or also further processed data based on these measurement data can be sent to an external unit, for example a data collection device or a control room are transmitted.
- an external unit for example a data collection device or a control room are transmitted.
- the measurement signal is transmitted wirelessly from the transmission device to the receiving device.
- a wireless transmission of the data to the external receiving device reduces the installation effort
- Safety fuse significantly simplified.
- common transmission methods such as Bluetooth, RFID (both active and passive), ZigBee, etc. come into consideration.
- the energy required for the transmission is advantageously obtained again from the primary current by means of the current transformer by means of electromagnetic induction.
- the overall space required for the fuse corresponds to the space of a standardized NH fuse.
- the fuse according to the invention with an integrated measuring function corresponds in terms of size to a conventional NH fuse, it also comes for retro-fit applications in the context of retrofitting or modernization of existing systems in which a conventional one
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a NH fuse known from the prior art
- Fuse body for a fuse with integrated measuring function in different views Fuse body for a fuse with integrated measuring function in different views.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically the basic structure of a standardized NH fuse, as it is already known from the prior art.
- the fuse 1 has two connection elements 3, which consist of one
- connection elements 3 are designed as knife contacts - however, this is not essential to the invention.
- the connection elements 3 are mechanically strong and tightly connected to a protective housing 2 with the height H, which is made of a solid, non-conductive and heat-resistant material, for example made of a ceramic, and serves as a pressure body for the fuse 1.
- the protective housing 2 generally has a tubular or hollow cylindrical basic shape and is pressure-tight to the outside, for example with the aid of two sealing caps 4.
- the connection elements 3 each extend through an opening formed in the sealing caps 4 into the cavity of the protective housing 2. At least one so-called fuse element 5 is arranged in this cavity. net, which connects the two connection elements 3 electrically conductive.
- the remaining cavity is usually completely filled with an extinguishing agent 6, which is used to extinguish and cool the fuse 1 in the event of a trip and completely surrounds the fuse element 5.
- an extinguishing agent 6 which is used to extinguish and cool the fuse 1 in the event of a trip and completely surrounds the fuse element 5. Quartz sand, for example, is used as the extinguishing agent 6.
- quartz sand for example, is used as the extinguishing agent 6.
- the tripping characteristic - and thus the tripping behavior - of the fuse 1 can be influenced by the type, number, arrangement and design of the fuse element 3.
- the fusible conductor 5 generally consists of a good conductive material such as copper or silver and has a length, i.e. in its longitudinal direction L, several rows of bottlenecks 7 and one or more solder deposits 8 - so-called solder points.
- the direction of longitudinal extension L is thus the parallel to an imaginary connecting line of the two connection elements 3.
- Fuse 1 is influenced and adapted to the respective application. With currents that are smaller than the nominal current of the fuse 1, only so much power loss is converted in the fuse element 5 that it can be quickly released in the form of heat via the extinguishing sand 6, the protective housing 2 and the two connection elements 3. The temperature of the fuse element 5 does not rise above its melting point. If a current flows that is in the overload range of the fuse 1, the temperature inside the fuse 1 rises steadily until the melting point of the fuse element 5 is exceeded and this passes through one of the bottleneck rows 7
- high fault currents - such as, for example occur due to a short circuit - so much energy is implemented in the fuse element 5 that it is heated practically over its entire length and consequently melts at all narrow rows 7 at the same time.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 schematically show an exemplary embodiment of the fuse body 10 according to the invention for a fuse with an integrated measuring function.
- the fuse body 10 is integrally formed from a suitable mate rial, for example a ceramic or a thermostable plastic. It is formed as a hollow body, the substantially cylindrical inner wall 11 of which has a first receiving space 20, which extends along a longitudinal direction L, in a direction L, orthogonally oriented radial direction R limited. In the longitudinal direction L and in the opposite direction, the fuse body 10 is delimited by an end face 12-1 or 12-2, on each of which a closure element (not shown) of the fuse can be mounted, around the first receiving space 10 in the longitudinal direction L and lock in the opposite direction.
- the overall height H of the fuse body 10 corresponds to the overall height of a standardized NH fuse, as shown in Figure 1 and described above.
- the first receiving space 10 is used to hold a fuse element (not shown) of the fuse and to fix it. Furthermore, the first receiving space 10 can be filled with a suitable extinguishing agent, for example quartz sand, to improve the triggering properties of the fuse.
- the first receiving space 10 thus corresponds to the cavity of the fuse described above for Figure 1.
- the fuse body 10 has a second receiving space 30 which is formed in a wall 13 of the fuse body 10.
- the second receiving space 30 is intended to accommodate a measuring device (not shown) of the fuse, in order to measure the electrical current flowing through the fuse, to process the measured signal, if necessary, and to a superordinate point, for example a data collector or a control room , transferred to.
- the second receiving space 30 represents a pocket-like depression which is introduced into the first end face 12-1. To the end face 12-2, as well as to the outside and in NEN to the first receiving space 31, the second receiving space 30 is limited by the fuse body 10.
- the measuring device (not shown) to be arranged in the second receiving space 30 essentially consists of a current transformer and an electrically conductively connected to it Electronics assembly. Therefore, the second receiving space 30 is divided into a ring-shaped first section 31, which serves to receive the ring-shaped current transformer, and a second section 32, which is designed to receive the electronic assembly.
- the two sections 31 and 32 do not have to be delimited from one another by a partition or the like, but rather can be arranged directly adjacent to one another or can also merge into one another.
- the current transformer primarily serves as a current sensor, which detects the electrical current flowing through the fuse. The recorded current measured values are then forwarded to the electronics module. Furthermore, the energy required for the electronic assembly can also be obtained from the primary current, i.e. by means of the current transformer, by electromagnetic induction. the operating current of the fuse are generated. In addition to its measuring function, the current transformer also serves as an energy source for the electronics module. This makes it possible to design a fuse with an integrated measuring function that does not require an external power source to supply the measuring device with energy.
- the electronics module must be made as compact as possible, since the space available for this is severely limited in the second section 32 of the second receiving space 30.
- a compact design is possible, for example, by using a compact circuit board with integrated circuits.
- the electronic module In order to transmit the measured data recorded by the measuring device, or also further processed data based on these measured data, to a receiving device arranged outside the fuse, for example a data collection device or a control room, the electronic module has a suitable transmission device. All common transmission methods such as Bluetooth, RFID come for this transmission (both active and passive), ZigBee, etc. into consideration. In this way, it is possible to determine the operating status of the fuse at any time without the need for a technician or installer who has to visually inspect the fuse on site.
- the fuse body according to the invention for a fuse with an integrated measuring function and the associated fuse are characterized in that the measurement and communication technology is not arranged in a separate housing, but in a recess formed in the fuse body. This has the advantage that no additional installation space is required for the measuring device, which would lead to a shortening of the fuse body, which would reduce the nominal voltage to be achieved
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019200460 | 2019-01-16 | ||
| PCT/EP2019/083414 WO2020148015A1 (de) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-12-03 | Sicherungskörper und schmelzsicherung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3853878A1 true EP3853878A1 (de) | 2021-07-28 |
| EP3853878B1 EP3853878B1 (de) | 2025-10-01 |
Family
ID=68887394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19821035.3A Active EP3853878B1 (de) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-12-03 | Sicherungskörper und schmelzsicherung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11923163B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3853878B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113287184A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020148015A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113196439B (zh) | 2018-12-20 | 2024-07-05 | 西门子股份公司 | 具有集成的测量功能的熔断保险装置以及保险体 |
| DE102022211027A1 (de) | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Alterungsüberprüfung für Niederspannungskomponenten |
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| KR101747792B1 (ko) | 2016-01-15 | 2017-06-15 | (주)우광테크 | 고압 배전선로에서 유도된 전원을 이용한 전원 공급용 변류기 |
| DE102016211621A1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schmelzleiter und Überstrom-Schutzeinrichtung |
| JP6495364B2 (ja) | 2017-03-27 | 2019-04-03 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | 電流検出器 |
| WO2020127486A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schmelzsicherung mit integrierter messfunktion sowie sicherungskörper |
| CN113196439B (zh) | 2018-12-20 | 2024-07-05 | 西门子股份公司 | 具有集成的测量功能的熔断保险装置以及保险体 |
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 US US17/419,802 patent/US11923163B2/en active Active
- 2019-12-03 WO PCT/EP2019/083414 patent/WO2020148015A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-03 CN CN201980088874.8A patent/CN113287184A/zh active Pending
- 2019-12-03 EP EP19821035.3A patent/EP3853878B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19836815A1 (de) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-02-17 | Schneider Gmbh Annaberg M | Sicherungseinsatz |
| DE10224007A1 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-05 | Cooper Technologies Co | Magnetisch betätigte Sicherungsanzeige |
| EP1560245A1 (de) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-03 | Weber Holding B.V. | Elektrischer Sicherungseinsatz, insbesondere für eine Niederspannungs-Hochleistungs-Sicherung |
| DE102012210292A1 (de) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schmelzsicherungsanordnung |
| US20150285841A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Cooper Technologies Company | Magnetic sensor with thin-walled magnetic core and methods of manufacture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| See also references of WO2020148015A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3853878B1 (de) | 2025-10-01 |
| CN113287184A (zh) | 2021-08-20 |
| WO2020148015A1 (de) | 2020-07-23 |
| US11923163B2 (en) | 2024-03-05 |
| US20220068582A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
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