EP3743933A1 - Élément de commutation pour commutateur à gradins et commutateur à gradins - Google Patents

Élément de commutation pour commutateur à gradins et commutateur à gradins

Info

Publication number
EP3743933A1
EP3743933A1 EP18780063.6A EP18780063A EP3743933A1 EP 3743933 A1 EP3743933 A1 EP 3743933A1 EP 18780063 A EP18780063 A EP 18780063A EP 3743933 A1 EP3743933 A1 EP 3743933A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching element
guide device
housing
movable contact
plunger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18780063.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3743933B1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Herold
Klaus HÖPFL
Eduard Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP3743933A1 publication Critical patent/EP3743933A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3743933B1 publication Critical patent/EP3743933B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details
    • H01H2033/66246—Details relating to the guiding of the contact rod in vacuum switch belows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching element for a tap changer for switching between different taps of a transformer and a tap changer with such a switching element.
  • vacuum interrupters in switching elements of on-load tap-changers, in particular on-load tap changers (OLTC), for interrupting current-carrying connections.
  • Such vacuum interrupters have a fixed and a movable contact.
  • the movable contact is connected to a plunger, which is moved axially to the latter when the vacuum interrupter is actuated.
  • a misalignment or an offset of the movable contact with respect to the fixed contact can reduce the dielectric strength of the vacuum interrupter in the open state.
  • the maximum switchable current with the vacuum interrupter can not be fully utilized and the vacuum interrupter may need to be oversized.
  • the improved concept is based on the idea of equipping the vacuum interrupter with a guide device, which moves with the actuation of the movable contact and can be supported in a partial area on a housing of the vacuum interrupter and moves it away.
  • a bearing block is formed on the subregion of the guide device and the housing, which ensures reliable guidance of the movable contact and the associated movable plunger.
  • a switch element for a tap changer which comprises a vacuum interrupter, an actuating device and a guide device.
  • the vacuum interrupter comprises a movable contact, an electrically conductive plunger connected to the movable contact and a housing. housing.
  • the movable contact is arranged inside the housing.
  • the actuating device is designed for actuating the plunger, in particular for the axial movement of the plunger, and thus for actuating the movable contact.
  • the guide device is arranged outside, in particular completely outside, of the housing and fastened to the actuating device. Therefore, the guide device is moved when the movable contact is actuated by the actuating device, in particular moves axially with it.
  • the guide device surrounds the housing at least partially. At least a portion of the guide device abuts the housing, in particular the outside of the housing.
  • the guide device can be supported by the partial region on the housing in order to counteract tilting of the actuating device or of the tappet and of the movable contact.
  • the partial region moves along the housing or slides along the housing.
  • the guide device therefore serves to guide the plunger and the movable contact during their actuation.
  • the phrase "is applied to the housing" also includes a technically conditioned game between the portion of the guide device and the housing, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the maximum permissible clearance is defined by the maximum permissible tilt according to the specific requirements in the individual case. For example, the maximum allowable clearance may be less than or equal to 1mm.
  • Axial here refers to the axial direction of the vacuum interrupter or the housing, which is for example at least partially cylindrical or substantially cylindrical.
  • the partial region has a plurality of, in particular concentrically arranged, sections.
  • the guiding device has several, in particular special axially extending, struts on. End regions of the struts form the sections of the subregion.
  • the vacuum interrupter has an external bellows, in particular a bellows, which seals off the interior of the housing.
  • the bellows can be designed, for example, as a metal bellows or steel bellows.
  • Vacuum interrupters with external bellows regularly have no integrated guide for the plunger, for example, in the interior of the bellows. For this reason, the improved concept of using vacuum interrupters with external bellows has a particularly advantageous effect by improving the guidance.
  • the bellows for sealing is airtight connected to the plunger and the housing, for example soldered.
  • the guide device surrounds the bellows, in particular a further subregion of the guide device surrounds the bellows. This protects the bellows against external mechanical impact.
  • the guide device therefore advantageously serves at the same time the leadership and the protection of the bellows.
  • Damage to the bellows can reduce the life of the vacuum interrupter or, for example, in the event of a leak, destroy it.
  • the additional protection of the bellows is advantageous because otherwise the bellows would be freely accessible.
  • the further partial area surrounds the bellows completely or substantially completely.
  • Essentially completely means that the subarea may have openings, for example, but they are small enough to ensure reliable protection of the bellows.
  • the size of acceptable apertures depends on the specific application and can be in the range of 3 to 5 mm, for example, in the order of magnitude of the vacuum interrupter that is customary for use in tap changers.
  • the actuating device comprises a bolt, which is connected to the plunger and is arranged coaxially therewith. Bolt and plunger therefore move together in the axial direction.
  • the actuating device comprises a La gerbock, which forms a bearing point for the bolt and guides the bolt during actuation. In particular, the bolt is guided through a tubular part of the bearing block.
  • two bearings are formed, said in the bearing block and the above-mentioned bearing point in the contact area of the guide device and housing of the vacuum interrupter. Due to the two bearing points, a particularly reliable guidance of the bolt, the plunger and the movable contact is achieved. Particularly advantageous embodiments are those in which the support distance, ie the distance between the two bearing points, is as large as possible.
  • the vacuum interrupter in particular the housing, comprises a switching chamber, within which the movable contact is arranged, and an insulating body, which is arranged between interrupter chamber and bellows.
  • the contact area of the guide device and housing and thus the second bearing point is then, for example, at the level of the switching chamber. This achieves a high support distance.
  • the actuating device comprises an actuating lever which is connected to the bolt for actuating the bolt and the plunger.
  • the guide device has a first opening Publ for receiving the actuating device, in particular of the bolt or the plunger, and a second opening for receiving the housing.
  • the Publ openings are, for example, circular or substantially circular and lie at opposite axial ends of the guide device.
  • the bellows is arranged, for example, on the side of the housing facing the bolt and is therefore located completely inside the guide device.
  • the guide device has an electrically conductive insert or an electrically conductive sleeve, which is electrically connected to the plunger and is arranged, for example, in the first opening.
  • the insert and the plunger are each in contact with the end face and are thereby electrically connected.
  • the insert includes brass, a brass alloy, copper, or a copper alloy.
  • the guide device is attached to the plunger and / or the bolt.
  • the guide device may be connected to the actuating device in that the guide device, in particular the insert, is clamped between the pin and the plunger.
  • the switching element has a connection contact, for example a connection plate, a connection wire or a connection strand, which is electrically connected to the insert.
  • connection contact serves for electrical connection of the movable contact with a further component of the tap changer.
  • the movable contact may, for example, be a switching contact (main switching contact) or a resistance contact (English: transition contact).
  • switching contact main switching contact
  • resistance contact English: transition contact
  • the guide device and / or the partial region, which is in contact with the housing of the vacuum interrupter are designed to be rotationally symmetric or substantially rotationally symmetrical. This avoids that a net force is exerted by the guide device on the vacuum interrupter.
  • rotationally symmetric should be understood to include both discrete rotational symmetries and continuous rotational symmetry, ie rotational symmetry.
  • a tap-changer in particular an on-load tap-changer, is also specified, which comprises at least one switching element according to the improved concept.
  • the tap changer is designed as a high-resistance switch (English: res i-type OLTC or high-speed resistor type OLTC) or as a reactor type switch (OLTC).
  • the tap changer includes a diverter switch, which converts the switching element. or a load selector (selector switch), which comprises the switching element.
  • the movable contact serves as a switching contact or as a resistance contact of the tap changer.
  • a plurality of, preferably all, switching contacts and / or a plurality, preferably all, resistance contacts are each embodied with a switching element according to the improved concept.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a switching element according to the improved concept
  • Figure 2 is another perspective view of the switching element of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the switching element of Figure 1;
  • 4 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a guide device for a switching element according to the improved concept;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the guide device from FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show perspective views and a longitudinal sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a switching element according to the improved concept. With the exception that the guide device F is not shown in FIG. 2, FIGS. 1 and 2 are identical.
  • the switching element comprises a vacuum interrupter V with a housing.
  • the housing has a switching chamber S, for example, has a partially circular cylindrical outer wall and at least partially made of metal.
  • the housing also has an insulating body IK which is substantially formed as a tubular portion having an annular cross-section and at least partially made of an electrically insulating material, for example a ceramic material.
  • the insulating body IK is placed on the switching chamber S and connected thereto.
  • the vacuum interrupter V has a contact K1 axially movable with respect to the vacuum scarf tube V, a stationary contact K2, and a movable ram ST connected to the movable contact K1.
  • the contacts K1, K2 are arranged in the switching chamber S.
  • the vacuum interrupter V has an outer bellows B, for example a steel bellows, which is placed on the insulator IK and connected to the insulator IK, in particular airtight.
  • the plunger ST extends from outside the housing through the bellows B into the switching chamber S.
  • the bellows B is also hermetically connected to the plunger ST.
  • the vacuum switch-over tube By actuation of the plunger ST and thus of the movable contact K1, the vacuum switch-over tube can be opened and closed.
  • the bellows B is stretched or compressed.
  • the exemplary switching element has a bolt BZ, which is ver affiliated with the plunger ST and is coaxial with this oriented.
  • the bolt BZ can be actuated by means of an actuating lever H (not shown in FIG. 3), which is embodied here by way of example as an angle lever.
  • the switching element shown has, for example, a bearing block L (not shown in FIG. 3) with a tubular guide bearing FL, through which the bolt BZ is led from the vacuum interrupter V to the actuating lever H.
  • the bearing block L can be attached to another component of the tap changer, such as a frame or frame.
  • the switching element also has a guide device F, which is formed for example as a cage and the vacuum interrupter V partially encloses, in particular completely surrounds the bellows B.
  • the guide device F is connected to the vacuum tube V, for example.
  • the guide device F is shown separately in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the guide device F has a first opening 01 in which, for example, an electrically conductive insert E is arranged.
  • the insert E is essentially tubular or designed as a sleeve.
  • the opening 01 receives the bolt BZ, in particular, the bolt BZ is guided by the insert E.
  • the bolt BZ is attached to the guide device F, so that the guide device F is moved back and forth upon actuation of the bolt.
  • the insert E, and thus the guide device F be clamped between the bolt BZ and plunger ST.
  • the bolt BZ may be connected to the insert E.
  • the guide device F with the exception of the insert E and optionally components for fastening the insert E in the opening 01, made of electrically insulating material, for example a plastic, and may be integrally formed.
  • the insert E is electrically connected to a terminal contact AK of the switching element and to the tappet ST.
  • the guide device F For receiving the housing, in particular the switching chamber S, the guide device F has a second opening 02 opposite to the first opening 01.
  • the guide device F has a plurality of concentrically arranged fingers or struts Fl, which for example near the second opening 02 are interconnected by means of an annular component R.
  • a first bearing is formed by the guide bearing FL, a second by the voltage applied to the switching chamber S portion of the guide device F.
  • the two bearing points (under technically predetermined boundary conditions) may be as far apart as possible, so that a particularly reliable guidance is achieved.
  • a switching element or a tap changer due to the improved guidance of the actuating device and of the movable contact of the vacuum interrupter, misalignment and offset of the movable contact are prevented or minimized.
  • a misalignment is prevented by correspondingly oblique installation of the vacuum interrupter during assembly of the tap-changer. An adverse reduction of the dielectric strength is thus prevented.
  • tensions of the vacuum interrupter are avoided.
  • a mechanical wear of the vacuum interrupter and the actuating device can be reduced. If vacuum interrupters with an external bellows are used, the guide device also protects the bellows against mechanical damage and overstress.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de commutation, destiné à un commutateur à gradins, qui comprend un tube de commutation à vide (V), un dispositif d'actionnement et un dispositif de guidage (F). Le tube de commutation à vide (V) comprend un contact mobile (K1), un plongeur (ST) relié au contact mobile (K1) et un boîtier. Le contact mobile (K1) est disposé à l'intérieur du boîtier. Le dispositif d'actionnement est conçu pour actionner le plongeur (ST). Le dispositif de guidage (F) est disposé à l'extérieur du boîtier et fixé au dispositif d'actionnement. Le dispositif de guidage (F) entoure au moins partiellement le boîtier. Au moins une partie du dispositif de guidage (F) est en appui sur le boîtier.
EP18780063.6A 2018-02-08 2018-09-25 Élément de commutation pour commutateur à gradins et commutateur à gradins correspondant Active EP3743933B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018102835.0A DE102018102835B4 (de) 2018-02-08 2018-02-08 Schaltelement für Stufenschalter und Stufenschalter
PCT/EP2018/075976 WO2019154532A1 (fr) 2018-02-08 2018-09-25 Élément de commutation pour commutateur à gradins et commutateur à gradins

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3743933A1 true EP3743933A1 (fr) 2020-12-02
EP3743933B1 EP3743933B1 (fr) 2022-01-19

Family

ID=63720664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18780063.6A Active EP3743933B1 (fr) 2018-02-08 2018-09-25 Élément de commutation pour commutateur à gradins et commutateur à gradins correspondant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11195672B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3743933B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7181304B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN111712893B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018102835B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019154532A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3989253A1 (fr) * 2020-10-26 2022-04-27 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Système de commande d'un interrupteur à vide pour un commutateur de dérivation de puissance, commutateur de dérivation de puissance et changeur de prises en charge

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB677776A (en) 1949-02-11 1952-08-20 Desmond Hubert Gibson Wood Improvements in metallic bellows and apparatus incorporating metallic bellows
US3727018A (en) 1971-09-16 1973-04-10 Allis Chalmers Disk vacuum power interrupter
US3720867A (en) * 1972-02-04 1973-03-13 Gen Electric Fail safe vacuum type circuit interrupter and associated load current tap changer for electric induction apparatus
US3811022A (en) * 1973-01-09 1974-05-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Vacuum switch drive mechanism
JPS581935A (ja) * 1981-06-29 1983-01-07 東洋電機製造株式会社 真空機器の製造方法
DE3833126C2 (de) 1988-09-29 1995-11-30 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastwähler für Stufentransformatoren
JPH02281521A (ja) * 1989-03-16 1990-11-19 Sprecher Energ Ag 多極真空遮断器および多極真空遮断器のための絶縁支持枠
DE4011019C1 (fr) * 1990-04-05 1991-12-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh, 8400 Regensburg, De
DE29706317U1 (de) 1997-04-09 1997-06-19 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Vakuumschaltkammer
JP4515914B2 (ja) * 2002-11-26 2010-08-04 三菱電機株式会社 真空スイッチ管の駆動機構および真空遮断器
CN200990333Y (zh) * 2006-07-31 2007-12-12 厦门华电开关有限公司 一种真空断路器极柱
UA100229C2 (uk) * 2006-08-23 2012-12-10 Абб Текнолоджі Лтд Вакуумний дивертерний перемикач для перемикача відводів
DE102009043171B4 (de) * 2009-09-26 2014-11-20 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren
DE102010007535B4 (de) * 2010-02-11 2017-12-21 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Freilaufelement
DE102011013749B4 (de) * 2011-03-12 2015-03-19 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
WO2012134958A1 (fr) * 2011-03-25 2012-10-04 Abb Technology Ag Changeur de prise amélioré
WO2013135505A1 (fr) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation, en particulier sectionneur à coupure en charge
DE102013107547B4 (de) * 2013-07-16 2017-01-19 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Verfahren zur Montage eines Lastumschaltereinsatzes im Laststufenschalter und Kerosinablassschraube
DE102014101746A1 (de) * 2014-02-12 2015-08-13 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Halterung für wenigstens eine Vakuumschaltröhre eines Laststufenschalters
CN204242928U (zh) * 2014-10-22 2015-04-01 河南省三禾电气有限公司 一种户内高压真空断路器
CN107170637A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2017-09-15 合肥东玖电气有限公司 一种真空断路器
CN206976233U (zh) * 2017-07-28 2018-02-06 浙江开关厂有限公司 一种充气柜用断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11195672B2 (en) 2021-12-07
DE102018102835B4 (de) 2023-03-16
US20210118630A1 (en) 2021-04-22
CN111712893A (zh) 2020-09-25
EP3743933B1 (fr) 2022-01-19
DE102018102835A1 (de) 2019-08-08
JP7181304B2 (ja) 2022-11-30
JP2021513222A (ja) 2021-05-20
WO2019154532A1 (fr) 2019-08-15
CN111712893B (zh) 2023-09-01

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