EP3743576B1 - Natursteinschwimmbecken - Google Patents

Natursteinschwimmbecken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3743576B1
EP3743576B1 EP20713639.1A EP20713639A EP3743576B1 EP 3743576 B1 EP3743576 B1 EP 3743576B1 EP 20713639 A EP20713639 A EP 20713639A EP 3743576 B1 EP3743576 B1 EP 3743576B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boundary wall
pool
basin
bottom plate
natural stones
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20713639.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3743576A1 (de
Inventor
Georg Kusser
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Josef Kusser & Co KG GmbH
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Josef Kusser & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP3743576A1 publication Critical patent/EP3743576A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/12—Devices or arrangements for circulating water, i.e. devices for removal of polluted water, cleaning baths or for water treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pool for holding one or more people to carry out sporting or relaxation activities, also referred to as a swimming pool, swimming pool or whirlpool, with at least one base plate and a boundary wall, the base plate and the boundary wall enclosing an internal volume of the pool .
  • the invention further relates to the use of such a pool as a swimming pool and to a method for producing such a pool.
  • swimming pools also known colloquially as swimming pools, are generally very popular for exercise and also for cooling relaxation for young and old on hot days. Accordingly, there are swimming pools in many different sizes and types. Among other things, these can be embedded in the ground, such as the soil of a garden, so that the surface of the water in the swimming pool is almost at the same level as the surrounding ground. As an alternative to this, there are designs that are not embedded in the ground, but are constructed so that they protrude upwards from the ground. With these designs, the water surface is correspondingly higher than the surrounding soil. In the case of swimming pool designs that are arranged in the ground, the side walls must absorb the water pressure of the water in the swimming pool on the one hand and the pressure of the surrounding soil or soil from the outside on the other.
  • the side walls of the swimming pool must absorb the water pressure generated by the water in the swimming pool when in use.
  • high demands are placed on the strength, in particular on the strength of the side walls of the swimming pool.
  • the materials used for a swimming pool should be resistant to the water in the swimming pool, which is usually chlorinated in order to prevent the multiplication of germs.
  • the surfaces that come into contact with the water must therefore be chemically resistant.
  • the surfaces should be designed in such a way that, on the one hand, they are easy to clean and, on the other hand, are easy to grip for a user when entering the swimming pool.
  • the surfaces are usually stepped on by users barefoot and often with wet feet, as a result of which there is a risk of injury from slipping and the like on smooth surfaces.
  • underwater surfaces should also have non-slip properties in order, for example, to enable the user to push off while swimming or other activities in the pool, for example when playing ball or diving.
  • Natural stone surfaces have proven to be particularly suitable for swimming pools, as their surface structure can be adjusted to a suitable roughness through appropriate processing and these surfaces also create an extremely high-quality impression and feel natural for swimming pool users.
  • a basin for holding one or more people to carry out sporting or relaxation activities, with at least one base plate; a boundary wall, wherein the base plate and the boundary wall enclose an internal volume which can be filled with water when the basin is in operation; and a treatment system, which is provided to treat the water located in the inner volume, wherein the treatment system comprises an inlet connected to the inner volume, an outlet connected to the inner volume and a treatment element arranged in the flow direction of the water between the inlet and outlet.
  • the base plate and the boundary wall are each made up of one or more monolithic natural stones, the monolithic natural stones with one another, within the base plate, of the Boundary wall and on the connecting surfaces between the base plate and the boundary wall cohesively and watertight, in particular by an adhesive connection, are connected to one another.
  • the base plate, together with the boundary wall is designed to absorb the pressure generated by the water in the interior volume during operation of the swimming pool while maintaining the watertightness, without the need for a supporting substructure provided in addition to the boundary wall.
  • the interior volume has a depth of at least 0.5 m, a free interior length of at least 2 m and a free interior width of at least 2 m, the free interior length being arranged at right angles to the free interior width.
  • the basin according to the invention has a free length and a free width arranged at right angles thereto.
  • Free length and “free width” are to be understood in each case as the maximum internal dimensions of the internal volume in the corresponding direction.
  • the depth of the interior volume is defined at right angles to the free width and free length.
  • Another favorable depth for a pool according to the invention is a depth of at least 1 m, from which depth even adults can swim in the water inside the pool.
  • Another favorable free length for a pool according to the invention is a length of at least 3 m.
  • a pool designed in this way can provide a robust and long-term stable natural stone surface swimming pool with a simplified overall structure, which thus offers a solution to the above-mentioned problem and the disadvantages of the Prior art avoids.
  • the basin according to the invention can comprise a basin shell which surrounds an interior volume in a watertight manner.
  • the basin shell is formed at the bottom by a base plate and at the sides by a boundary wall.
  • openings or recesses can be provided for installations that are required for the operation of the pool as a swimming pool or whirlpool.
  • Such installations can be, for example, inlets and outlets, spotlights, loudspeakers or the like.
  • a treatment system for cleaning and treating the water in the basin.
  • This treatment plant usually works continuously when the basin is in operation.
  • the actual cleaning of the water takes place by or in a treatment element.
  • This treatment element comprises a pump which transports water from the inner volume to the treatment element and from the treatment element back into the inner volume.
  • At least one filter is provided in the treatment element, which filters out impurities and suspended matter from the water.
  • further components can be provided for cleaning or processing the water, such as a disinfection system, a flocculation system or the like.
  • the connection from the inner volume to the treatment element is formed by an inlet, which can be designed as a pipeline, for example. However, other embodiments of an inlet are also conceivable, as will be described further below.
  • the connection that brings the purified water from the treatment element back into the interior volume is the drain, which is usually designed as a pipeline.
  • the basin shell that is to say the combination of base plate and boundary wall, is made up exclusively of natural stones, which are connected to one another in a materially and watertight manner.
  • An essential difference between the invention and the prior art is that there is no supporting substructure for the pool. This eliminates many work steps that are required for the creation of pools known from the prior art.
  • the basin according to the invention also has, compared to the basins of the prior art, only a single layer of natural stones in the direction of the thickness of the boundary wall.
  • the base plate also consists of only a single layer of natural stone. This design eliminates all work steps that are required for the creation of a separate substructure or the work steps for subsequent application of the natural stone surface to the substructure.
  • a basin according to the invention can also be built on a substructure that may already be present.
  • a new construction can also be carried out on a substructure, which is formed, for example, by a concrete slab.
  • the use of such a substructure facilitates, among other things, a horizontal alignment of the pool.
  • the entire basin shell consists exclusively of high-quality natural stone, which is very good, especially in the case of a basin made of granite is long-term resistant to environmental influences and chemicals.
  • a basin according to the invention is therefore very robust and resistant. Due to the massive structure of natural stones, a basin according to the invention has a natural stone surface on all of its surfaces, which looks extremely high-quality and pleasing for every user.
  • the natural stone surface offers a very pleasant yet handy feel, which also creates an extremely high-quality impression for the user.
  • the natural stone surface roughness given over the entire pool surface can be adjusted in such a way that the optimum roughness is given both for the mentioned grip and for good suitability for cleaning.
  • a very smooth surface may be easy to clean, but it is not easy to grip and does not offer a haptically appealing overall impression.
  • a very rough surface may be very easy to grip, but it is difficult to clean because dirt is difficult to remove from a very rough surface.
  • the roughness of natural stone surfaces of the basin according to the invention can, however, be adjusted exactly, for example by grinding, as it corresponds to the expected requirements and as the user wishes.
  • the basin shell is made of monolithic natural stones.
  • monolithic is to be understood as meaning that the individual natural stones each consist of only one stone, for example extracted in a quarry.
  • Monolithic natural stones have a very high strength, as there are no separating or connecting points within these stones.
  • granite is used as a natural stone, such monolithic natural stones can absorb very large tensions, which means that a basin shell can be made extremely thin-walled as described above, which creates a very slender impression of the basin.
  • Such a slim dimensioning also creates a very high quality overall impression, in particular compared to a multi-layer structure as proposed in the swimming pools of the prior art described above.
  • the monolithic natural stones that form the base plate and the boundary wall are preferably connected to one another in an exclusively cohesive manner, ie without the use of additional form-fitting or force-fitting connection elements.
  • the individual monolithic natural stones can be connected to one another by a thin adhesive layer, which at the same time provides a seal between the individual natural stones.
  • a thin adhesive layer which at the same time provides a seal between the individual natural stones.
  • the entire basin shell is thus constructed exclusively from robust and high-quality materials.
  • the inventors of the present invention found that such a structure is capable of absorbing the forces generated by the water in the interior volume on the boundary wall and the base plate even without the load-bearing substructure known from the prior art.
  • the boundary wall of the pool has sufficient strength to absorb the forces resulting from the water pressure in the interior volume of the pool alone.
  • the basin shell can be designed with an extremely slim visual impression, which results in a previously unknown impression for the beholder. This slim structure is very attractive, especially when the basin protrudes above the floor, and creates an exclusive impression.
  • the boundary wall is designed in a plan view of the basin in a rectangular shape and is made up of two longitudinal side walls and two broad side walls.
  • the longitudinal side walls and the broad side walls are preferably arranged at right angles to one another and to the base plate.
  • the inner volume formed by the pelvic shell is cuboid and delimited on all sides by flat walls.
  • the boundary wall has a round, oval or polygonal shape, or also a mixed shape of these shapes, in a plan view of the basin.
  • the pool according to the invention is therefore not restricted to the classic cuboid internal volume of a swimming pool.
  • the circumferential boundary wall can assume the most varied of shapes in the top view of the basin and can also have curved or curved areas in addition to or instead of straight areas. Of course, shapes can also be selected that connect both curved and straight areas with one another.
  • the base plate is not limited to a flat design either. For example, several evenly arranged parts of the base plate are arranged in steps to one another, so that different depths of the inner volume can be provided in areas in the basin, for example with depths that are suitable for children and depths that are intended for adults.
  • the base plate can also be designed to be inclined or curved. In general, there are hardly any limits to the shape of the basin, and any basin shape known up to now can be produced with the basin according to the invention.
  • the boundary wall does not have to be designed to be flat, but can also have a curvature, steps or some other shape deviating from a flat shape in the vertical direction.
  • the boundary wall can be inclined from bottom to top, so that a conical shape of the inner volume of the basin results.
  • the processing plant is arranged outside the boundary wall and the base plate, the inlet and outlet preferably being connected in a watertight manner to recesses in the boundary wall or in the base plate.
  • the processing plant is particularly easily accessible for maintenance work and is arranged outside the basin shell.
  • the processing element is connected to the interior volume by connecting the inlet and outlet to recesses in the boundary wall.
  • a collecting collar which will be described in detail later, can be provided on the basin as an inlet.
  • Another return of the purified water into the interior volume can also be provided as the drain, for example in the form of a waterfall or the like which opens into the interior volume.
  • the processing plant can also be arranged within the interior volume and be separated from the rest of the interior volume therein, for example, by further monolithic natural stones.
  • the cohesive connection points between the individual monolithic natural stones of the base plate and / or boundary wall have similar strengths, in particular the same strength, as the natural stone itself.
  • an adhesive is selected as the cohesive connecting element which, in the cured state, has similar strengths, in particular the same strength, as the monolithic natural stones bonded to it.
  • the strength of the adhesive such as for Example the flexural strength or the compressive strength, in the cured state of the adhesive should be at least similar to the strength of the natural stones bonded with it.
  • the strength of the adhesive in the cured state can also be less, for example half the strength of the monolithic natural stones or a higher strength, for example four times the strength of the monolithic natural stones.
  • Strength is to be understood here, for example, as the maximum tensile, compressive or bending stress that the material can tolerate.
  • the flexural strength of the adhesive used must be taken into account in the cured state. This flexural tensile strength should correspond or at least be similar to the aforementioned relationships to the strength of the adhesive with regard to the strength of the natural stones. Because the connection points and the natural stones favorably provide the same or at least a similar strength, a composite is created which in itself has a consistently homogeneous strength.
  • the boundary wall has a wall thickness which corresponds to the root of the product of a design constant with the depth power three, ie depth 3 , the design constant preferably being dependent on the maximum dielectric strength of the natural stone .
  • the wall thickness of the boundary wall is a function of the depth of the interior volume of the basin.
  • a design constant is first multiplied by the depth of the interior volume of the basin to the power of 3.
  • depth 3 corresponds to the third power of the depth of the interior volume of the basin.
  • the wall thickness calculated in this way represents a minimum wall thickness required for permanent strength of the boundary walls against the Water pressure from the internal volume is required.
  • the boundary wall can of course also be made thicker than the calculated minimum value.
  • a collecting collar is arranged circumferentially on the outside of the delimiting wall facing away from the inner volume, which is provided to collect water emerging from the inner volume beyond the delimiting wall during operation.
  • the inlet of the processing plant is preferably fluidically connected to the collecting collar and the collecting collar is further preferably made of monolithic natural stones, the connection of the monolithic Natural stones of the catchment collar with each other and the connection of the catchment collar with the boundary wall are made exclusively cohesive.
  • a collecting collar can be provided which catches water emerging from the basin. Water emerges from the interior volume, for example, in that the treatment system pumps purified water into the interior volume.
  • the basin overflows, so to speak, and the excess water is collected by the collecting collar and fed back to the treatment plant via its inlet.
  • the excess water can run off directly over the upper edge of the boundary wall over its entire circumference and flow directly over the outer edge of the boundary wall into the collecting collar.
  • the watercourse of the overflowing water would then be from the basin into the collecting collar, further into a surge water tank, then into the treatment plant and finally back into the basin.
  • the excess water can also be directed over or through the boundary wall in a targeted manner at certain points.
  • an overflow nose can be provided on the upper edge of the boundary wall which represents the lowest point of the upper edge of the boundary wall and thereby collects the excess water from the interior volume.
  • Such an overflow nose is arranged in such a way that it is located above the collecting collar, overlapping it. This ensures that the excess water is guided into the collecting collar and that the entire basin is watertight against the environment.
  • an overlapping nose is arranged around the boundary wall in a watertight manner with respect to the boundary wall. Such an overlapping nose extends in the horizontal direction starting from the boundary wall outwards. Water that runs over the upper edge of the boundary wall continues to run down the boundary wall and finally hits the overlapping nose.
  • a collecting device which collects the overflowing water from the inner volume, can be arranged independently of the basin shell.
  • an overflow channel that is not connected to the basin can be provided.
  • the overflow channel can also be made from different materials than the basin.
  • the overlapping nose is also made of monolithic natural stones and connected to itself and to the boundary wall in a purely cohesive manner, in particular by adhesive connections.
  • the overlapping nose can also consist of another material, such as PE or steel.
  • the overflow channel or other collecting device arranged in the drip direction below the overlapping nose can be designed in such a way that it is not directly connected to the basin shell.
  • An overlapping nose thus serves to guide water that has escaped from the interior volume.
  • Such an overlapping nose can of course also be combined with a circumferential collecting collar connected to the pelvic shell.
  • the collecting collar can be constructed in the same way as the pelvic shell, namely from monolithic natural stones that are only materially connected to one another and to the pelvic shell. This results in the same advantages for the collecting collar that were previously described for the pelvic shell. Since the collecting collar runs around the boundary wall, users who want to reach the pool or who come out of it may step onto the collecting collar. Because the collecting collar also consists of a non-slip surface that is pleasant to the touch, operational safety and a pleasant haptic feeling for the user of the basin, including in the area of the collecting collar, are ensured at the same time.
  • the collecting collar comprises essentially horizontally arranged base parts and essentially vertically arranged wall parts, wherein the base parts and the wall parts can form a drainage channel together with the boundary wall.
  • the inlet is fluidically connected to a recess in a base part, but can also be arranged in the boundary wall.
  • the individual areas of the collecting collar together form a drainage channel which is provided to collect the water that has escaped from the inner volume and to feed it to the inlet of the treatment plant via a surge water tank.
  • the drainage collar can be made up of individual monolithic natural stones.
  • the drainage channel can also be carved out of one-piece base parts, for example ground out.
  • a cover can be provided in the drainage channel, under which the drained water runs off. Such a cover can preferably also consist of natural stone plates with holes or recesses arranged therein which allow the water to run off.
  • the basin has at least one separation point which separates the base plate and the boundary wall into at least two basin parts.
  • the at least two basin parts are preferably connected to one another at the separation point by clamping devices, the basin parts furthermore preferably being constructed from monolithic natural stones which are exclusively connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
  • the pool cannot be transported in one piece and set up at the destination. The reason for this can, for example, be pool dimensions that are so large that they do not fit on a transport vehicle. This is particularly the case when the pool has a free internal length or free length of greater than 10 m.
  • a separation point in the basin can, however, also be necessary for smaller dimensions, for example if there is little space available at the installation site or on the way there, so that only small parts can be transported to the installation site.
  • only machines with a limited capacity to absorb loads are sometimes available for setting up the pool, which means that the pool must be divided into several individual parts for reasons of weight. This means that it may be necessary to divide the pool into several individual parts for various reasons.
  • the basin therefore consists of several individual parts, each of which is constructed in accordance with one or more of the embodiments described above and, in particular, does not have a supporting substructure.
  • the basin is made up of several individual parts in a modular design.
  • Such a modular design is also particularly suitable if, for example, there is little space available at the installation site and therefore the use of large machines is not possible.
  • the individual parts of the pool must be positioned and assembled by hand or with small and light machines.
  • the basin is composed of several, smaller and light individual parts. For example, it is also possible to set up a pool on the roof of a multi-storey building. When erecting a pool at a great height, the modular design is also helpful, since the individual parts can be transported to the installation site much more easily than a pool which is made up of just one single part.
  • the individual parts are preferably connected to one another at a separation point between the individual parts at the location where the pool is set up.
  • To connect the Individual parts at their separation point are preferably provided with clamping devices which, in the assembled state, connect the individual parts of the basin or the basin shell in a non-positive manner.
  • these clamping devices only act on the respective separation point, but do not act on the connections between the individual monolithic natural stones in the individual parts.
  • a sealant is inserted at the separation point, which is deformed by the clamping devices and seals the at least two basin parts from one another, the separation point also preferably separating the collecting collar.
  • a sealant can be provided at or in the separation point, which supports the watertightness between the individual parts of the basin shell.
  • Such a sealing means can be formed, for example, by a so-called sealing cord which is inserted into the separation point.
  • a sealing cord which is inserted into the separation point.
  • grooves can be provided at the boundary surfaces of the individual parts, which grooves accommodate the sealing cord to a certain extent, with the remaining portion of the sealing cord protruding outward beyond the grooves and the boundary surface.
  • the sealing cord is guided by means of such grooves so that it cannot slip unintentionally between the components to be connected.
  • the groove enables the visible joint to be small.
  • other sealants can also be used, such as sealing pastes or adhesives such as those used to connect the individual monolithic natural stones to one another.
  • the monolithic natural stones of the base plate and the boundary wall consist of granite, preferably all monolithic natural stones built in the basin consist of the same type of granite or of different types of granite.
  • Granite has proven to be particularly suitable for the construction of a basin because it has, among other things, high strength and hardness, is easy to work with, and is available in different colors or shades.
  • the basin according to the invention can consist exclusively of a single type of granite, which gives it a uniform appearance.
  • different, different types of granite can be used for one basin. For example, natural stones with a darker color can be used for the basin shell and granite stones with a lighter color can be used for the surrounding collecting collar.
  • alternating lighter and darker monolithic natural stones are arranged next to each other, whereby a desired pattern can be set.
  • the surfaces of the monolithic natural stones formed from granite are surface-treated.
  • Such a surface treatment can influence their properties. For example, painting or impregnation can be carried out to give the natural stone a different appearance. It is also conceivable to carry out an impregnation in order to further improve the resistance of the surface to chemicals in the water.
  • a basin base which is arranged below the base plate and comprises a plurality of bearing pedestals, the bearing pedestals being arranged at a distance from one another and the base plate resting in some areas on the bearing pedestals.
  • the basin is arranged on a basin base which is located below the floor plate.
  • This basin base serves to divert the weight forces into the subsoil, which are caused by the water in the interior volume and the weight of the basin shell.
  • the basin base comprises a plurality of bearing pedestals, which are arranged at a distance from one another, in particular at regular intervals from one another.
  • the bearing pedestals can either be anchored individually in the ground or anchored on a common element.
  • the base plate of the basin does not rest over the entire surface but only in areas on the bearing pedestals. Cavities are provided between the bearing pedestals, in which the base plate runs without support. In these cavity areas, the floor slab is flexed by the weight and pressure of the water in the pool and absorbs bending tensile stresses acting on it alone, i.e. without additional auxiliary or supporting structures.
  • the basin base also has a concrete slab on which the bearing pedestals are positioned at a distance from one another.
  • the basin base comprises a horizontally oriented concrete slab on which a plurality of bearing pedestals are arranged.
  • a surrounding element which at least partially surrounds the delimiting wall, the surrounding element being in contact with the delimiting wall with at least one spacer structure, being connected to it fixedly or by friction.
  • the surrounding element rests against the boundary wall with at least one spacer structure and can accordingly absorb compressive forces, but does not necessarily have to absorb tensile forces.
  • the basin accordingly comprises at least one surrounding element which serves to connect the basin to its horizontally surrounding environment.
  • a step covering can be applied to the surrounding element, for example made of natural stone, tiles or the like, which can serve as a path or access to the pool.
  • earth or humus can be applied to the surrounding element so that a planting of the surrounding area around the basin up to the boundary wall is possible.
  • the surrounding element can thus serve as a support element for various configurations with which the environment of the pool can be configured outside the pool shell.
  • One embodiment here is to arrange the surrounding element on the side of the boundary wall facing away from the inner volume around the entire circumference of the boundary wall.
  • the surrounding element can also extend only along part of the circumference of the basin.
  • the surrounding element is preferably arranged around the boundary wall with a gap as a distance from the boundary wall.
  • the attachment of the surrounding element to the basin takes place, for example, by at least one spacer structure which serves to fix the alignment or position between the surrounding element and the boundary wall.
  • several spacer structures can be provided, which are arranged at a distance from one another.
  • the aforementioned spacer construction is connected to the boundary wall via an in particular circular contact element, which can transmit forces between the boundary wall and the surrounding element, such a contact element in the upper half of the boundary wall, in particular in the can rest on the upper third of the boundary wall.
  • an in particular circular contact element which can transmit forces between the boundary wall and the surrounding element, such a contact element in the upper half of the boundary wall, in particular in the can rest on the upper third of the boundary wall.
  • the contact element is expediently designed to be circular and rests against the boundary wall only in a limited area. A force transmission between the surrounding element and the boundary wall therefore only takes place in the area of the contact surface between the contact element and the boundary wall.
  • the spacer structure with the contact element is also arranged in the upper half of the boundary wall, in particular in the upper third of the boundary wall.
  • a power transmission between the boundary wall and the surrounding element therefore only takes place in this upper area of the boundary wall.
  • the monolithic natural stones which form the base plate and the boundary wall, together with the material connection between the monolithic natural stones, absorb at least part of the forces resulting from the tensile bending stresses, the tensile bending stresses in the base plate and the boundary wall are generated on the basis of the pressure generated by the water in the interior volume when the basin is in operation.
  • the natural stones that make up the basin shell, which consists of a base plate and boundary wall, are subjected to bending stress from the water pressure.
  • there is no full-surface substructure that rests on the entire outer surface of the basin shell and that absorbs the forces resulting from the water pressure.
  • the basin shell itself absorbs at least a large part of the forces that are generated by the water in the interior volume.
  • a surrounding element as described above, which is connected to the boundary wall via at least one spacer structure, it is possible that part of the forces resulting from the water pressure inside the basin can be absorbed by this surrounding element.
  • bending tensile stresses arise in the natural stones, which result from the water pressure inside the pool and which can be absorbed by the natural stones alone.
  • the surrounding element can do this Reduce bending tensile stresses in the natural stones by absorbing the compressive forces acting on the natural stones and thereby relieving the natural stones.
  • the basin base and / or the surrounding element in combination with at least one spacer structure absorb part of the bending tensile stresses in the base plate and the boundary wall due to the water in the interior volume when the basin is in operation generated pressure arise, with the base plate and the boundary wall absorb another part of these bending tensile stresses.
  • the basin base and / or the surrounding element reduce the bending tensile stresses in the natural stones by being able to absorb and dissipate the compressive forces acting on the natural stones, thereby relieving the natural stones.
  • a part of the forces and loads that are generated by the water in the interior of the basin shell are dampened by the basin base and / or the surrounding element connected to the basin shell.
  • the pelvic shell is supported or relieved in certain areas, which means that the bending tensile stresses in the natural stones of the pelvic shell can be reduced.
  • the object of the present invention is also achieved through the use of a self-supporting pelvic shell as a basin for holding one or more people for performing sporting or relaxation activities.
  • the basin shell is formed by a base plate and a boundary wall, the base plate and the boundary wall each being made up of at least one monolithic natural stone and the monolithic natural stones being connected to one another in a watertight manner exclusively by a material connection.
  • a pool which is constructed exclusively from natural stones that are materially connected to one another is used as a pool or swimming pool.
  • a treatment system for the water in the pool can also be provided.
  • the self-supporting pelvic shell is divided into itself by at least one separation point and the at least two parts of the pelvic shell can be transported separately from one another to the installation site and can be connected to one another in a watertight manner at the installation site, whereby a pool is created at the installation site, preferably a pool according to the present invention Invention as previously described.
  • a multi-part basin made of individual parts is on Connected to the construction site and then used as a swimming pool or swimming pool.
  • the individual parts each correspond to one or more of the aforementioned designs of the basin according to the invention, with the associated advantages of the present invention.
  • the method according to the invention is used in particular to build a basin according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • a base plate is first put together from individual, monolithic natural stones. No load-bearing construction made of concrete or the like is required below this floor slab.
  • the pool can also be built on a substructure such as a concrete slab, which makes the alignment of the pool, for example with respect to the horizontal, facilitated.
  • a substructure is not absolutely necessary.
  • the base plate can be applied directly to a rolled surface made of gravel or sand.
  • a boundary wall is connected to the base plate. The boundary wall can be placed on the base plate or connected to it at the side.
  • the base plate, the boundary wall and the connection points between the two are designed exclusively with a material bond. No other connecting elements made of other materials are used.
  • the connection points between the individual monolithic natural stones serve, on the one hand, to create a mechanical bond and, on the other hand, to seal the basin shell formed from the base plate and the boundary wall.
  • recesses are made in the pool shell, if necessary, to accommodate installations for the pool.
  • a treatment system is connected to the basin shell in order to be able to clean the water in it during operation of the basin.
  • the individual parts or modules of the pool are, as far as possible, completely prepared in the factory, so that only a connection of the individual parts or modules at the separating points is required to complete the pool shell at the installation site.
  • the individual parts or modules can include both parts of the base plate and parts of the boundary wall.
  • the intended separation points thus run through the base plate and the boundary wall.
  • a bonding of the monolithic natural stones the basin shell, i.e. within the base plate, within the boundary wall and at the connection points between the base plate and the boundary wall, must be carried out in a manufacturing plant under constant boundary conditions in a very process-stable manner. In particular, constant climatic conditions and the required degree of purity are available in a manufacturing plant.
  • unsuitable boundary conditions for the bonding process for example moisture or soiling, can be disadvantageous in an adhesive installation site.
  • the term “at least one” or “at least one” is to be understood as one or more, i.e. 1 or> 1, also with integer multiples.
  • the words “herein,” “above,” “before” and “below” or “below” and words with similar meanings when used in this specification are intended to refer to this specification as a whole and not to specific parts of the specification .
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a basin 1 according to the invention.
  • the first embodiment shown has a rectangular basic shape.
  • the base of the basin 1 forms the base plate 2.
  • This base plate 2 is formed here from a single monolithic natural stone.
  • the term “monolithic” here means that the base plate 2 consists of a single part and is not built up from several individual parts. Usually, such monolithic natural stones larger than their final shape are taken from a quarry and then processed to the desired dimensions.
  • a delimitation wall 3 is built up on the base plate 2.
  • the delimitation wall 3 runs around and delimits an inner volume 4 of the basin 1, which is delimited on its lower side by the base plate 2.
  • the boundary wall 3 here comprises two side walls 31, also called longitudinal side walls 31, that run from front to back, i.e. along the swimming pool 1, and two side walls 32, also called broad side walls 32, that run from right to left, i.e. across the width of the pool 1.
  • the individual parts of the boundary wall 3 are materially connected to one another. In the embodiment shown, the individual parts are connected exclusively by gluing.
  • the connection of the boundary wall 3 to the base plate 2 is also produced exclusively by gluing. No other connecting elements, such as screws or brackets, are installed.
  • the boundary wall 3 also consists exclusively of natural stone, with the exception of the adhesive points.
  • the entire basin shell of the basin 1, which is formed from the base plate 2 and the boundary wall 3, consists exclusively of natural stone and glue points.
  • the adhesive used and the natural stone are chemically resistant to water for a very long time, including chlorinated water.
  • Metallic connecting elements are not used, which means that the entire basin shell is very long-term resistant to corrosion.
  • the front broad side wall 32 and the two longitudinal side walls 31 are each formed from a single monolithic natural stone.
  • the rear broad side wall 32 is composed of several monolithic natural stones. These individual parts of the rear broad side wall 32, like the other parts of the basin shell of the basin 1, are exclusively glued to one another, ie no additional connecting elements are used here either.
  • a structure like that of the rear broad side wall 32 made of several natural stones is chosen in particular with larger dimensions of the pool 1, since the maximum size of a single natural stone is limited, for example, by the requirement of transport from the quarry to the stone-processing site or to the swimming pool production site.
  • the individual parts of the basin 1 are connected to one another via an adhesive connection, which has the same mechanical strength as the natural stone itself.
  • positive or non-positive connection elements can of course be arranged.
  • the prescribed additional connecting elements such as, for example, composite anchors, can of course be introduced to additionally secure the connection of the individual parts of the boundary wall 3 and the base plate 2 in accordance with the regulations.
  • a basin 1 according to the invention there is no supporting substructure made of materials other than natural stone.
  • the solid elements made of natural stone in the form of the base plate 2 and the boundary wall 3 alone provide the strength required to absorb the water pressure.
  • a basin 1 according to the invention is thus constructed entirely of natural stone in a self-supporting manner.
  • a basin according to the invention can also be applied to a substructure, for example a concrete slab.
  • such a substructure is not required to achieve permanent static strength.
  • Natural stone, especially granite is very long-term stable, significantly more long-term stable than conventional substructures made of concrete. Due to the solid construction made of natural stone, no water can penetrate between individual layers, for example between the substructure and the visible surface.
  • a pool according to the invention is significantly more durable than known swimming pools or pools due to the high quality material.
  • the basin 1 according to the invention can be produced in a significantly reduced number of work steps.
  • the basin 1 according to the invention has a natural stone surface everywhere, for example also on its outside.
  • the basin 1 according to the invention consists almost exclusively of very high-quality materials, so it creates a very high-quality impression for a user and provides an optimally grippy surface everywhere.
  • the design described in the present invention makes it possible to make the boundary wall 3 of the pool 1 extremely slim, and thus significantly narrower than in a multi-layer structure of a known swimming pool / pool with a substructure made of concrete and a subsequently applied visible surface made of natural stone.
  • the inner volume 4 in the illustrated embodiment of the basin 1 according to the invention is cuboid.
  • the inner volume 4 has a depth 41 which is greater than 0.5.
  • Another favorable depth 41 is a depth which is greater than 1 m.
  • a free length 42 of the inner volume 4 is greater than 2 m and a free width 43 of the inner volume 4 is greater than 2 m Users are used.
  • a processing plant 5 can be seen on the right-hand side next to the right-hand longitudinal side wall 31.
  • the processing plant 5 comprises an inlet 51, is fed to a treatment element 53 via the water located in the inner volume 4 through a recess at the rear in the longitudinal side wall 31.
  • the treatment element 53 typically comprises a pump for transporting the water and a filter that filters suspended matter and dirt from the transported water. After the treatment element 53, the treated water returns to the inner volume 4 via a drain 52, in the illustrated case via a recess in the lower half at the front on the right longitudinal side wall 31
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of a further, second preferred embodiment of a basin 1 '.
  • the first preferred embodiment shown has the boundary wall 3 'of the in Figure 2
  • the second embodiment shown in plan view does not have a rectangular shape. Only the one in the Figure 2 downwardly oriented area of the boundary wall 3 'is made up of flat walls in the form of the lower broad side wall 32' and the longitudinal side walls 31 '.
  • the upper broad side wall 32 ' has in the in Figure 2
  • the top view shown has the shape of half a circular ring or approximately the shape of an upside-down letter "U".
  • the free length 42 'of the inner volume 4' is here the largest length dimension of the inner volume 4 ', which is located between the lower, flat broad side wall 32' and that which is furthest away from it, in the in Figure 2
  • the basin 1 'according to the invention can have the most varied of shapes in plan view.
  • the shape shown is a mixture of straight and curved walls.
  • boundary walls can also be designed with other shapes in plan view, for example a purely circular or polygonal shape.
  • the maximum dimensions of an inner volume of the pelvic shell in the respective direction are always defined as the free length and free width.
  • the base plate 2' is composed of a total of three monolithic natural stones, the connection points formed by gluing in Figure 2 run horizontally.
  • Figure 2 shows only a simplified representation of the basin 1 'in which, for reasons of clarity, no processing plant is shown.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a third preferred embodiment of a basin 1 ′′.
  • the embodiment shown here like the embodiment of the basin 1 in FIG Figure 1 a basin shell, which is formed from a base plate 2 "and a boundary wall 3".
  • the base plate 2 ′′ and the delimiting wall 3 ′′ enclose an internal volume 4 ′′ Figure 1
  • the base plate 2 ′′ and the boundary wall 3 ′′ are composed of solid monolithic natural stones, which are exclusively connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
  • the preferred embodiment shown also comprises a treatment layer which, however, is not shown here for reasons of clarity, and which pumps the water in the inner volume 4 continuously through the treatment element, where it is cleaned.
  • the water After cleaning, the water is returned to the internal volume 4 ′′.
  • water runs off over the upper edges of the boundary wall 3 "and is caught by the circumferential on the outside of the boundary wall 3" arranged collecting collar 6 ", creating the impression of a so-called” infinity "pool.
  • the impression arises that they are in a free water surface, since the basin 1" has no components that protrude above the water surface.
  • the water then passes through a recess 65" to the (not At the same time, the collecting collar 6 ′′ serves to absorb water which is displaced, for example, when people jump into the basin 1 ′′.
  • the collecting collar 6 ′′ is preferably also made of monolithic natural stones.
  • the collecting collar 6 ′′ comprises a plurality of base parts 61 ′′, which are designed here as essentially horizontally aligned plates. At its outer edge, the collecting collar 6 ′′ is surrounded by a plurality of vertically oriented wall parts 62 ′′.
  • the wall parts 62 ′′, the base parts 61 ′′ and the areas of the outside of the boundary wall 3 ′′ arranged adjacent to the base parts 61 ′′ together form a drainage channel 63 ′′, in which water escaping from the inner volume 4 ′′ is collected and fed to the recess 65 ′′.
  • the inlet of the processing plant is then fluidically connected to this recess 65 ′′.
  • the individual parts of the collecting collar 6 ′′ are made of solid monolithic natural stones and are glued to one another and to the boundary wall 3 ′′ without the use of additional fastening elements.
  • a particularly suitable natural stone material for the embodiments shown and described herein is granite, since granite has a high strength and its Surface, in particular its roughness, can be adjusted particularly well according to the requirements.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of a basin 1 '''.
  • the embodiment shown has a significantly longer free length 42 '''than that in FIG Figures 1 and 4th preferred embodiments shown.
  • This free length 42 ''' is provided here to be greater than 10 m.
  • Such long pools 1 ''' can no longer be completely transported to the installation site in one piece, which means that it is necessary to remove the pool 1''', in particular the pool shell, which is formed from the base plate 2 '''and the boundary wall 3''' to share and to transport the pool parts individually to the installation site.
  • the parts are first connected to one another at the installation site.
  • a separation point 8''' which divides the basin shell into two basin parts.
  • Separation point 8 '''shown which is arranged along the free length 42''', also to arrange one or more separation points 8 '''along the free width 43'''.
  • the two parts of the pool are firmly and watertightly connected to one another.
  • the basin 1 ''' is shown again with a simplified structure, ie the processing plant is not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • One or more separation points can also be used in the embodiment according to FIG Figure 3 are provided.
  • the optional separation point also runs through the collecting collar 6 ′′.
  • pelvic shells with a different geometry of the internal volume for example as in FIG Figure 2 shown, divided into several basin parts and connected to each other at separation points.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a section in front of the connection of two pelvic parts of the pelvis 1 ''' Figure 4 .
  • Figure 5 shows in particular the state before the connection of the two pool parts via a separation point 8 '''. Only part of the basin 1 '''in the area of in Figure 4 shown right long side wall 31 '''.
  • Figure 5 are correspondingly two parts of the boundary wall 3 '''shown separately from each other. The separation point 8 '''is located between these two parts of the boundary wall 3'''.
  • a clamping device 81 ′′ ′′ can be seen on the inside volume 4 ''' facing away from the boundary wall 3 ′′ ′′.
  • This clamping device 81 ''' has two angle elements 811''', one of which is attached to the parts of the boundary wall 3 '''.
  • the angle element 811 ''' is correspondingly connected to the boundary wall 3''' via one of its two legs.
  • Another leg which is used to connect the two angle elements 811 '''to one another, is arranged at right angles to this leg of the boundary wall. This further leg projects away from the boundary wall 3 '''and offers a bore 813'''.
  • a clamping device (not shown here) is passed through the respective bores 813 '''of the angle elements 811''', which is used to connect the two angle elements 811 '''to one another under tension, whereby the two pool parts are attached to the Separation point 8 '''must be firmly connected to one another.
  • Such a tensioning means can be, for example, a threaded bolt, which is tensioned on one side with a nut.
  • a sealant 82 ''' is inserted at the separating point 8''' to seal the two basin parts from one another.
  • the sealing means 82 ''' is a sealing cord or the like.
  • a groove 83''' was hammered into the rear part of the boundary wall 3 '''on its end face, which points to the separation point 8'''. This groove 83 '''takes at least part of the sealing cord 82''' and thus facilitates its attachment.
  • clamping devices 81 ′′ ′′ are usually provided, which are arranged along the separation point 8 ′′ ′′.
  • clamping devices 81 ′′ ′′ can also be arranged at the bottom of the basin shell, fastened to the base plate 2 ′′ ′′.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional side view of a fifth embodiment of a basin 1 '''' according to the invention.
  • a cuboid basin 1 '''' with a base plate 2 '''' and a boundary wall 3 "" is shown.
  • the base plate 2 '''' and the boundary wall 3 '''' together form the basin shell, which encloses an inner volume 4 '''' that can be filled with water up to the upper boundary of the boundary wall 3 ''''.
  • the entire basin shell is also made up of monolithic natural stones, which are firmly connected to one another.
  • the basin 1 '''' again comprises a processing plant 5, which for reasons of clarity in Figure 6 however, is not shown.
  • the basin 1 ′′ ′′ has longitudinal side walls 31 ′′ ′′, of which only the rear longitudinal side wall 31 ′′ ′′ can be seen in the sectional illustration.
  • the two longitudinal side walls 31 ′′ ′′ are connected at their ends to two broad side walls 32 ′′ ′′.
  • the two broad side walls 32 '''' are in Figure 6 shown in section.
  • the basin 1 ′′ ′′ here rests on a basin base 9 ′′ ′′, which comprises a concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′ and several bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′.
  • the illustrated fifth embodiment of the basin 1 '''' according to the invention can be used both free-standing and buried in the ground or in the ground as a swimming pool.
  • the pelvic base 9 '''' is primarily used to align the pelvis 1 '''' horizontally.
  • the concrete slab 91 '''' forms the lowermost layer of the pool base 9 "".
  • the concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′ can be produced, for example, on a rolled surface by a casting process or the like.
  • the base plate 2 ′′ ′′ of the basin does not lie directly on the concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′, but is mounted on several bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′, which are applied to the concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′.
  • the bearing pedestals 92 '''' are formed here by cylindrical areas that can be formed from construction mortar, for example.
  • the bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′ can also be designed with a longer extension in the vertical direction and, for example, be formed by foundation pillars which are applied to the concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′.
  • the bottom plate 2 '''' of the basin 1 '''' rests on several bearing pedestals 92 '''', whereby the weight force which is caused by the basin 1 '''' and the water in the inner volume 4 '''' is generated, can be derived into the subsoil.
  • the basin base 9 ′′ ′′, in particular the bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′, are thus loaded by compressive force that results from the weight of the basin 1 ′′ ′′.
  • the bending stresses generated by the water in the inner volume 4 '''' in the basin shell, in particular in the base plate 2 "" are completely or at least to a large extent compensated for by the basin shell itself. Bending stresses in the base plate 2 ′′ ′′ occur in particular in the areas that do not rest directly on the bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′.
  • a distance between two adjacent bearing pedestals 92 ''''' determines the amount of the bending stresses occurring in the base plate 2 "". The following applies here: the greater the distance between two adjacent bearing pedestals 92 ′′ ′′, the greater the bending stresses occurring in the base plate 2 ′′ ′′. In practice, the distance between two adjacent bearing pedestals 92 '''' is chosen so that the bending stresses occurring between the bearing pedestals 92 '''' are lower than the flexural strength of the base plate 2 ''''' made up of monolithic natural stones.
  • the basin base 9 ′′ ′′ can also be designed without a concrete slab 91 ′′ ′′.
  • individual foundation pillars can be introduced into the ground below, which correspondingly form the bearing pedestals 92 ''''.
  • a surrounding element 93 '''' is arranged around the upper region of the delimiting wall 3 ''''.
  • This surrounding element 93 ′′ ′′ serves, for example, as a substrate for a walk-on area which runs around the basin 1 ′′ ′′. Natural stones or tiles, among other things, can be applied to this accessible area.
  • the surrounding element 93 '''' therefore does not belong to the pelvic shell but rather serves to connect the pelvic shell to its surroundings.
  • the surrounding element 93 ′′ ′′ is here arranged at a distance from the boundary wall 3 ′′ ′′. The distance between the surrounding element 93 '''' and the boundary wall 3 '''' is ensured by a spacer construction 931 ''''.
  • the in Figure 6 The area represented by the reference symbol VII is described in detail in the following Figure 7 shown.
  • Figure 7 shows a sectional detailed view of the fifth embodiment of the basin 1 '''' according to the invention Figure 6.
  • Figure 7 shows the in Figure 6 section marked VII in detail.
  • What can be seen here is the upwardly facing edge of the delimitation wall 3 ′′ ′′, on which a surrounding element 93 ′′ ′′ is arranged.
  • the surrounding element 93 ''''' runs around the boundary wall 3 "".
  • the surrounding element 93 '''' is thus provided at a distance from the pelvic shell. That Surrounding element 93 '''' is connected to the broad side wall 32 '''' by a spacer construction 931 ''''.
  • Figure 7 shows such a spacer construction 931 ''''. Since the surrounding element 93 '''' runs around the pelvic shell, several such spacer structures 931 '''' are arranged over the circumference of the pelvic shell and the surrounding element 93 '''', which serve to implement the gap S '''' permanently.
  • the spacer structure 931 '''' is firmly connected to the surrounding element 93 '''' via two connecting elements 9311 ''''.
  • the connecting elements 9311 '''' can be formed, for example, by screws that are screwed into the surrounding element 93 '''' with or without dowels.
  • the connecting elements 9311 '''' are at the same time firmly connected to the carrier 9312 '''' of the spacer structure 931 ''''.
  • an adjusting element 9313 '''' is also connected to the carrier 9312 ''''' is an adjusting element 9313 '''', which here is attached to the edge of the carrier 9312 '''' pointing to the right.
  • the adjusting element 9313 '''' comprises a threaded bolt pointing to the left in the illustration, which is screwed into the carrier 9312 ''''. This screw connection allows the length of the adjusting element 9313, which protrudes over the carrier 9312 '''', to be adjusted.
  • the setting element 9313 '''' furthermore has a contact element pointing to the right and resting on the broad side wall 32 ''''.
  • the width of the gap S '''' can be adjusted using the setting element 9313 ''''.
  • compressive forces can be transmitted between the surrounding element 93 '''' and the broad side wall 32 ''''.
  • the force flow takes place via the adjusting element 9313 "", which is in contact with the pelvic shell with its contact element.
  • This contact element can be attached to the pelvic shell, for example by a screw or adhesive connection, or in contact with a friction connection.
  • the surrounding element 93 '''' is connected to the pelvic shell via a plurality of spacer structures 931 ''''.
  • the spacer constructions 931 '''' used for power transmission are thus arranged at a distance from one another on the pelvic shell and each of their contact elements rest against the pelvic shell. Between the individual spacer structures 931 '''' there are therefore areas of the boundary wall where no force is transmitted between the surrounding element 93 '''' and the pelvic shell.
  • the basin shell is stressed solely by the bending stresses that are generated by the water in the inner volume 4 ''''.
  • the spaced arrangement of a surrounding element 93 '''' around the The basin shell around it therefore does not represent a supporting device or substructure that absorbs the bending stresses in the basin shell resulting from the water pressure inside the basin.
  • the pelvic shell is designed to be self-supporting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
EP20713639.1A 2019-03-26 2020-03-25 Natursteinschwimmbecken Active EP3743576B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19165289 2019-03-26
PCT/EP2020/058371 WO2020193635A1 (de) 2019-03-26 2020-03-25 Natursteinschwimmbecken

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EP3743576B1 true EP3743576B1 (de) 2021-08-11

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EP (1) EP3743576B1 (es)
JP (1) JP7162151B2 (es)
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DE (1) DE202020102734U1 (es)
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CN112279321B (zh) * 2020-10-16 2022-10-11 太原市政建设集团有限公司 一种污水厂用过滤池修建设备
DE202023104067U1 (de) 2023-07-20 2023-10-05 Chronos M Gmbh Whirlpoolanordnung zur Bildung eines transportablen und freistehenden Whirlpools

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2017456A1 (de) 1970-04-11 1971-11-04 Stopa Kesselbau GmbH & Co KG, 7591 Gamshurst Schwimmbecken
CN1030274A (zh) * 1988-08-08 1989-01-11 胡书彬 装配式地面游泳池
JPH0659265B2 (ja) 1990-01-27 1994-08-10 高木産業株式会社 風呂装置
JP3018458B2 (ja) * 1990-10-08 2000-03-13 松下電器産業株式会社 濾過槽
JPH1052379A (ja) * 1996-08-12 1998-02-24 Inax Corp 浴 槽
WO2001003560A1 (en) 1999-07-07 2001-01-18 Satoshi Sawane Stone vessel
DE20105739U1 (de) * 2001-04-02 2001-10-11 Emschermann, Dirk, 49525 Lengerich Begrenzungsstein
JP2003018458A (ja) * 2001-04-23 2003-01-17 Hitachi Ltd Ｃｍｏｓ型固体撮像素子を用いた撮像システム
ITBO20050547A1 (it) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-07 Gianluca Casadio Gruppo di pannelli modulari per la realizzazione di vasche di contenimento acqua e scenografie attigue
ITPD20050261A1 (it) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-10 Alessandro Milani Procedimento per la realizzazione di piscine interrate, fontane e laghetti artificiali in genere
DE102006049023A1 (de) * 2006-10-13 2008-08-21 Düwel, Jens Herstellung von Verbindungen einzelner Segmente von 3D-Natursteinpoolkonstruktionen, druckwasserbeständig
CN203050160U (zh) 2012-12-24 2013-07-10 上海天夏城市景观工程设计有限公司 一种设有弧形花岗岩的水池
CN107806257A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-03-16 陈启云 一种休闲温泉泡池
CN107700884A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-02-16 陈启云 一种功能型温泉泡池

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US11634920B2 (en) 2023-04-25
US20240018794A1 (en) 2024-01-18
WO2020193635A1 (de) 2020-10-01
JP7162151B2 (ja) 2022-10-27
US20230016433A1 (en) 2023-01-19
JP2022521855A (ja) 2022-04-12
EP3743576A1 (de) 2020-12-02
DE202020102734U1 (de) 2020-06-17
ES2891079T3 (es) 2022-01-26
CN113631784B (zh) 2022-08-26

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