EP3691811B1 - Tambour à câble et procédé pour le fabriquer - Google Patents

Tambour à câble et procédé pour le fabriquer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3691811B1
EP3691811B1 EP18814815.9A EP18814815A EP3691811B1 EP 3691811 B1 EP3691811 B1 EP 3691811B1 EP 18814815 A EP18814815 A EP 18814815A EP 3691811 B1 EP3691811 B1 EP 3691811B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
rope
casing
accordance
rolling
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18814815.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3691811A1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Hausladen
Hubertus Rütten
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Liebherr Components Biberach GmbH
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Liebherr Components Biberach GmbH
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Publication of EP3691811A1 publication Critical patent/EP3691811A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/30—Rope, cable, or chain drums or barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
    • B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
    • B21H3/04—Making by means of profiled-rolls or die rolls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rope drums for winding and unwinding ropes, with a drum shell to which end plates are fastened at the front, and rope winches with such rope drums.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a cable drum.
  • Cable winches are used in various areas of application and essentially comprise three large main assemblies, namely, on the one hand, the cable drum with a drum shell and end or flanged disks attached to the front side, which limit the drum shell, on the other hand, a drive gear and finally a winch frame on which the cable drum is rotatably mounted is.
  • the drive gear mentioned is often housed inside the cable drum and can be designed, for example, as a single-stage or multi-stage planetary gear.
  • the font DE 393 583 C shows, for example, a cable drum that has a cylindrical core made of cast iron, onto which a sheet metal jacket with pressed or rolled cable grooves is pushed. More winches of the type mentioned are for example from the writings US 1,991,486A , GB 24 90 350 A , JP H05 97395 A or JP S50 84455 A known.
  • Such cable winches are used, for example, for charging systems such as lime kiln charging systems or hoists in mechanical and plant engineering or in handling technology or systems in the mining and raw materials industry, whereby the cable winches can be used for vertical material transport, but also as a horizontal or inclined feed drive .
  • Other applications can include cranes such as construction cranes, mobile cranes or maritime cranes such as port, Be ship and offshore cranes, the cable winches here can be hoist winches for winding and unwinding a hoist rope, but also guy winches for guy ropes or feed winches, for example, to move a trolley.
  • Such cable winches are also used for other construction machines such as crawler cranes and can also be used as derrick winches or deep-sea winches.
  • such cable winches can be very large, with corresponding large cable winches or heavy-duty cable winches having considerable dimensions with diameters of several meters and unit weights of 10 t, 20 t or even more tons.
  • the drum casing has to withstand this external pressure, so that in some cases considerable drum wall thicknesses are provided and, for example, drum wall thicknesses of 50-150 mm can make sense.
  • Some of the cable drum tubes are also made of high-strength steels such as heat-treatable steels or fine-grain structural steels in order to save weight while still being able to withstand the high pressure loads.
  • the drum shell can also be made from a drawn tube.
  • the drum shell can also be made from a drawn tube.
  • only cable drums of limited dimensions can be produced, and usually only drum diameters of up to approx. 700 mm and wall thicknesses of up to approx. 50 mm can be produced in this way.
  • the cable grooves are usually machined into the outer surface.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved cable drum, an improved cable winch and an improved method for producing such a cable drum, which avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and develop the latter in an advantageous manner.
  • a cable drum for large cable winches or heavy-duty winches that is easy to manufacture and withstands high pressure loads with sufficient safety is to be created, which is subject to fewer restrictions in terms of wall thicknesses, diameters and material than cable drums known to date.
  • the drum shell or cable drum tube should no longer be drawn or welded together from a bent sheet metal, but instead be manufactured seamlessly and smoothly from one piece by rolling.
  • the drum shell is seamlessly rolled from a ring-shaped workpiece blank. Said ring-shaped workpiece blank is formed into said drum shell with the required wall thickness and diameter by a rolling process.
  • a rope groove profile is formed on the outer surface of the drum shell during and/or after it is rolled.
  • the above-mentioned cable groove profile on the outer surface of the seamless drum shell is formed without cutting by a tool that is formed in the outer surface.
  • the cable groove profile can be produced by rolling or rolling by means of a rolling tool formed in the outer lateral surface, as is used in a similar way for thread rolling.
  • the rolling process improves the mechanical and technological properties of the cable drum shell.
  • structural defects such as a coarse or oriented structure, which is characteristic of pipe drawing, for example, or cavities that are present in the cast blanks due to production, can be eliminated by rolling.
  • Rolling achieves a high degree of deformation and evens out the microstructure.
  • a uniform, fine microstructure largely free of defects such as cavities can be achieved, which is significantly more uniform, finer and has fewer cavities compared to a cast or drawn cable drum.
  • the drum shell can also be made of non-weldable steels, since the rolling of the drum shell means that joints no longer have to be welded together.
  • weldable steels can also be used and rolled to form the drum shell. All in all, rolling allows a wide variety of materials to be used.
  • the ring-shaped blank can be pressure-formed during rolling on the outer surface side with a main roller and a mandrel roller, which delimit a radial roll gap between them, while rotating the ring-shaped blank about a blank axis of rotation.
  • the main and mandrel rollers mentioned can be placed towards one another by a feed drive or their distance from one another can be adjusted in order to be able to adjust the radial roller gap mentioned and to be able to apply the forming pressure required for the roll forming.
  • the desired wall thickness of the drum shell can be set by adjusting the radial roll gap mentioned.
  • the annular blank can be pressure-formed on the face side by means of at least one pair of axial rolls which define an axial roll gap between them and form or reshape the end faces of the resulting drum shell.
  • Said axial rollers can be designed conically in order to delimit a V-shaped or wedge-shaped axial roller gap viewed in cross section.
  • a tangential material flow occurs as a result of the roll forming by means of the main and mandrel rolls mentioned as well as the axial rolls mentioned and the reduction in wall thickness and ring height that can be achieved as a result, as a result of which the ring diameter increases.
  • the axial stand with the two axial or tapered rollers can be positioned radially along the longitudinal machine axis, which longitudinal machine axis can be formed by the axis of the main and mandrel rollers and the longitudinal axis of the axial rollers.
  • Said cable groove profile can optionally be reworked by machining.
  • the cable groove profile can be cut or trimmed into the outer lateral surface by turning.
  • a climbing area for the rope to be wound is provided on the end sections of the drum shell, which climbing area allows the rope to rise into the next winding layer when or before it runs against the flanged wheel and lets it run back in the next winding layer.
  • This rising area can advantageously be formed at the same time as the drum shell is rolled, so that no further production step is necessary.
  • the mentioned riser area can be formed after the rolling of the casing body by further, subsequent non-cutting machining on the outer lateral surface, for example by a subsequent rolling and/or rolling step and/or another non-cutting forming step, by means of which the end section is formed at the edge to to form the ascent area.
  • the riser area can also be designed as a separate component, which is subsequently joined to the seamless drum shell.
  • a joining surface can be formed on the seamless drum shell for such a separate step element, in particular during the rolling of the drum shell or possibly also in a further processing step following the rolling process.
  • end plates of the cable drum are advantageously formed separately and subsequently joined to the drum shell, for example screwed there.
  • the design of the drum shell in the form of a seamless, smooth rolled profile can be particularly advantageous in connection with large drum shell diameters of, for example, more than 0.75 m and wall thicknesses of more than 60 mm.
  • the drum shell can also have a diameter of more than 1 m or even several meters.
  • the wall thicknesses can also be significantly greater than the aforementioned 60 mm, for example more than 74 mm or more than 100 mm, with drum wall thicknesses of 150 mm or more being able to be manufactured.
  • the wall thickness of the drum shell can be significantly greater than the depth of the cable grooves in the outer shell surface.
  • the wall thickness of the drum shell measured between the smooth inner surface and the bottom of the cable grooves in the outer surface, which corresponds to a minimum wall thickness, can be more than 150% or more than 200% or even more than 300% or more than 400% of the depth of the rope grooves.
  • the cable winch 1 comprises a cable drum 2, which has an at least approximately cylindrical drum shell 3 and two end plates 4, which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis 5 of the drum shell 3, connect to the drum shell 3 at the front and protrude radially beyond the drum shell 3 in order to To limit the winding space 6 laterally over the outer circumference of the drum shell 3 .
  • Said end disks 4 are rigidly fastened to drum shell 3, in particular on the front side, with said end disks 4 advantageously being formed separately from drum shell 3 and being fastened to it in a positive and/or non-positive manner, for example by means of screw bolts 7, by means of which end disks 4 are attached to the Faces of the drum shell 3 can be screwed.
  • Said cable drum 2 can be rotatably mounted on a winch frame 8, with the end plates 4 advantageously having bearing sections 9, by means of which the cable drum 2 is rotatably mounted on the winch frame 8, for example by means of roller bearings 10.
  • the cable winch 1 can have a drive gear 11, which can be accommodated at least partially inside the cable drum 2 and/or can extend through one of the end plates 4.
  • Said drive gear 11 can, for example, be a single-stage or multi-stage planetary gear.
  • a winch drive for example in the form of a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, can be connected to said drive gear 11 in order to be able to drive the cable drum 2 in rotation about the longitudinal axis 5 of the drum shell 3 and/or to provide a desired braking torque when the cable is pulled off the cable drum 2 can, for which purpose a suitable braking device can also be provided.
  • the cable drum 2 can be designed with very large dimensions, for example a diameter of several meters and/or a drum wall thickness of 100 mm and more, possibly also several hundred millimeters.
  • the drum shell 3 of the cable drum 2 is designed as a seamless, impact-free rolled section that can be produced by rolling an annular workpiece blank 12 .
  • the rolling device 13 can be designed in the manner of a ring rolling mill and/or advantageously have a main roll 14 and a mandrel roll 15, which delimit a radial roll gap 16 between them, the gap width of which can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the mandrel roll 15.
  • the workpiece blank 12 which is sometimes also referred to as a blank tube, can be pressurized on the lateral surface side and formed.
  • rollers mentioned for example the main roller 14, can be driven in rotation so that the ring-shaped workpiece blank 12 rotates through the radial roller gap 16 and rotates about its workpiece axis of rotation while the rolling process is being carried out.
  • the mandrel roller 15 can also be driven as an alternative or in addition to the main roller 14 mentioned.
  • the workpiece blank 12 can originally be an already one-piece cast blank, which can already be ring-shaped or can be provided with a hole or ring-shaped by means of a mandrel rolling and/or forging step.
  • Said main and mandrel rolls 14 and 15 can be essentially cylindrical and arranged parallel to one another, so that the radial roll gap 16 has an essentially constant gap width over its height.
  • the workpiece blank 12 can be rolled during the rolling process by at least one pair Axial rollers 17 are acted upon at the ends in order to be able to shape or reshape the end faces of the drum shell 2 that is being formed.
  • the axial rollers 17 and 18 mentioned can each be conical and taper towards the center of the ring-shaped workpiece blank 12, it being possible for the two axial rollers 17 and 18 to be arranged with their axes of rotation in a common plane which is defined by the two aforementioned mandrel and main rollers 14 and 15 can go.
  • the pair of axial rollers 17, 18 can lie opposite the main and mandrel rollers 14 and 15 or act on a ring section of the workpiece blank 12 which lies opposite the ring section acted upon by the mandrel and main rollers.
  • At least one of the two axial rollers 17 and 18 can be adjusted in the axial direction towards the other axial roller in order to be able to apply pressure to the end faces of the workpiece blank 12 .
  • the resulting length of the drum shell can be controlled by adjusting the spacing of the axial rollers 17, 18 from one another.
  • a cable groove profile 19 can be formed on the outer surface 3a of the drum shell 3, such as this 3 shows.
  • Said grooved rope profile 19 can be formed by non-cutting forming, for example by a rolling tool that is reflected in the outer lateral surface and forms the grooved rope profile mentioned, similar to thread rolling.
  • a climbing area 19a can be formed on the end sections of the drum shell 3, which rises continuously viewed in the circumferential direction, cf. partial view 4b, in order to let the rope running on it rise and let it run back in the next winding layer .
  • Said rise area 19a can advantageously also be formed during the rolling of drum shell 3, so that said rise area 19 is formed integrally in one piece on drum shell 3 and is formed by a section of the seamlessly formed rolled profile.
  • the mentioned ascent area 19a can connect seamlessly and/or without jumps to the rope groove profile 19, so that the rope running in the last rope groove runs harmoniously onto the ascent area 19a and is lifted to the next winding layer by its incline in the circumferential direction of the drum shell.
  • the above-mentioned riser area 19a can also be designed as a separate element, which is subsequently attached to the seamlessly rolled drum shell 3. Said separate part can form the entire riser area 19a or just a section thereof.
  • the separate ascent part sits on the outer surface of the drum shell 3, wherein the drum shell 3 can have a suitably designed joining surface, in particular a ring or partial ring surface on the outer shell, to which the riser area can be joined.
  • the drum shell can also have a frontal contact surface for the mentioned riser area, in order to prevent the separate element from being pushed away to the side, cf. figure 5 .
  • the joining surface formed on the drum shell 3 for the separate rising element can be formed on the drum shell without cutting, in particular it can also be formed during rolling.
  • the wall thickness of the drum shell 3 can be significantly greater than the depth of the rope grooves of the rope groove profile 19.
  • the minimum wall thickness x measured from the smooth inner surface to the bottom of the rope grooves, can be, for example, more than 200% or more than 300% of the depth y - x of the rope grooves are 19.
  • the contour of the inner lateral surface can deviate from the rope groove profiled contour of the outer lateral surface and does not have to follow it.
  • the inner lateral surface of the drum casing 3 can be smooth, in particular at least approximately cylindrical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un tambour à câble (2), qui présente une enveloppe de tambour (3) et des flasques d'extrémité (4) montés côté extrémité frontale de celle-ci, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe de tambour (3) est laminée sans soudure à partir d'une pièce brute (12) annulaire au moyen d'un dispositif de laminage (13), dans lequel, lors du laminage ou après le laminage de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) sans soudure, un profil rainuré pour câble (19) est réalisé sur sa surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a) par façonnage sans enlèvement de copeaux au moyen d'un outil se reproduisant dans la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le profil rainuré pour câble est réalisé sur la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a) de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) par laminage ou roulage au moyen d'un outil de roulage se reproduisant dans la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a).
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une surface d'enveloppe intérieure de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) est réalisée lisse et/ou sans profil rainuré, en particulier laminée de manière lisse, de telle sorte que l'épaisseur de paroi de l'enveloppe de tambour (3), vue en coupe transversale, entre la surface d'enveloppe intérieure (3i) lisse et la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a) à profil rainuré devient périodiquement plus mince et à nouveau plus épaisse.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une zone de montée (19) pour le câble à enrouler est également réalisée par le processus de laminage sur au moins une partie d'extrémité de l'enveloppe de tambour (3), sur la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a) de celle-ci.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la zone de montée (19a) pour le câble à enrouler est assemblée comme pièce séparée sur une partie laminée à cet effet de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) après le processus de laminage, une surface d'assemblage étant de préférence réalisée sur l'enveloppe de tambour par le processus de laminage pour ajouter la zone de montée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la pièce brute (12) annulaire subit une déformation plastique de compression côté surface d'enveloppe, avec un cylindre principal (14) et un mandrin de laminage (15) qui limitent entre eux une emprise radiale (16), par rotation de la pièce brute (12) annulaire sur un axe de rotation de pièce brute, la pièce brute (12) annulaire subissant en plus une déformation plastique de compression côté faces frontales entre au moins une paire de cylindres axiaux (17, 18) qui limitent entre eux une emprise axiale, dans lequel des cylindres axiaux (17, 18) coniques, qui s'amincissent en direction d'un centre de la pièce brute (12) et qui sont disposés dans un plan commun qui passe par le cylindre principal et le mandrin de laminage (14, 15), sont utilisés.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les flasques d'extrémité (4) sont réalisés séparément et assemblés ultérieurement, en particulier vissés, sur l'enveloppe de tambour (3).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la pièce brute (12) annulaire est mise à disposition sous la forme d'une pièce brute moulée ou est formée dans une étape de laminage par mandrin et/ou de forgeage à partir d'une pièce brute d'abord sans trou.
  9. Tambour à câble pour enrouler et dérouler un câble, comportant une enveloppe de tambour (3), des flasques d'extrémité (4) étant fixées aux faces frontales de celle-ci, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe de tambour (3) est réalisée sous la forme d'un profilé laminé sans soudure et lisse avec un profil rainuré pour câble (19) empreint sans enlèvement de copeaux dans la surface d'enveloppe extérieure (3a).
  10. Tambour à câble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel une surface d'enveloppe intérieure de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) est réalisée lisse, sans profil rainuré, de telle sorte que l'épaisseur de paroi de l'enveloppe de tambour entre la surface d'enveloppe intérieure lisse et la surface d'enveloppe extérieure rainurée, vue dans une section longitudinale, augmente et diminue périodiquement, la profondeur maximale des rainures pour câble sur la surface d'enveloppe extérieure étant inférieure à 50 % de l'épaisseur de paroi minimale de l'enveloppe de tambour (3).
  11. Tambour à câble selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une zone de montée (19) pour le câble à enrouler est réalisée sur au moins une partie d'extrémité de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) sous la forme d'une surface de profilé laminé réalisée sans enlèvement de copeaux.
  12. Tambour à câble selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une zone de montée (19) pour le câble à enrouler est prévue sur au moins une partie d'extrémité de l'enveloppe de tambour (3) sous la forme d'un élément séparé, qui est ajouté à l'enveloppe de tambour (3), l'enveloppe de tambour (3) présentant un diamètre supérieur à 0,75 m ou supérieur à 1 m ou supérieur à 3 m et/ou une épaisseur de paroi d'enveloppe supérieure à 75 mm ou supérieure à 100 mm ou supérieure à 150 mm.
  13. Tambour à câble selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'enveloppe de tambour (3) est constituée d'un acier non soudable, l'enveloppe de tambour présentant une structure à grains serrés, sensiblement sans retassures avec un coefficient de corroyage élevé.
  14. Treuil à câble comportant un tambour à câble, qui est réalisé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13 et qui est monté rotatif sur un cadre de treuil (8).
  15. Treuil à câble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le tambour à câble (2) est relié à un engrenage d'entraînement (11), qui est reçu au moins en partie à l'intérieur du tambour à câble (2).
EP18814815.9A 2017-11-28 2018-11-28 Tambour à câble et procédé pour le fabriquer Active EP3691811B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017128163.0A DE102017128163A1 (de) 2017-11-28 2017-11-28 Seiltrommel sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
PCT/EP2018/082875 WO2019106030A1 (fr) 2017-11-28 2018-11-28 Tambour à câble et procédé pour le fabriquer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3691811A1 EP3691811A1 (fr) 2020-08-12
EP3691811B1 true EP3691811B1 (fr) 2023-07-12

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EP18814815.9A Active EP3691811B1 (fr) 2017-11-28 2018-11-28 Tambour à câble et procédé pour le fabriquer

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US11365099B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3691811B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20200092998A (fr)
CN (1) CN111788021B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017128163A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2960618T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019106030A1 (fr)

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DE102020117578A1 (de) 2020-07-03 2022-01-05 Karl Hartinger Kranbetrieb Gmbh & Co Kg Vorspannvorrichtung für Hubseiltrommeln
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CN117600371B (zh) * 2024-01-17 2024-04-09 山西金正达金属制品有限公司 一种长颈法兰的锻造工艺

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CN202156893U (zh) * 2011-05-31 2012-03-07 六安市鸿源机械有限责任公司 卷扬机分体卷筒
CN103072913B (zh) * 2013-02-03 2015-08-12 徐州科源液压股份有限公司 大吨位起重机用具有自动调节盘绳功能的卷筒
CN104649172B (zh) * 2015-02-17 2017-05-31 北京市三一重机有限公司 一种旋挖钻机及其卷筒、卷扬系统
DE102015119336B4 (de) * 2015-11-10 2018-01-04 Zollern Gmbh & Co. Kg Seiltrommel für eine Seilwinde sowie ein Verfahren zur generativen Fertigung einer Seiltrommel
WO2017094864A1 (fr) * 2015-12-03 2017-06-08 日立金属Ｍｍｃスーパーアロイ株式会社 Procédé de production de produit laminé annulaire
DE102017128163A1 (de) 2017-11-28 2019-05-29 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Seiltrommel sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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CN111788021B (zh) 2024-01-16
BR112020010505A2 (pt) 2021-01-12
US20200339393A1 (en) 2020-10-29
US11365099B2 (en) 2022-06-21
CN111788021A (zh) 2020-10-16
DE102017128163A1 (de) 2019-05-29
ES2960618T3 (es) 2024-03-05
EP3691811A1 (fr) 2020-08-12
WO2019106030A1 (fr) 2019-06-06

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