EP3659699A2 - Mixer - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3659699A2
EP3659699A2 EP19208375.6A EP19208375A EP3659699A2 EP 3659699 A2 EP3659699 A2 EP 3659699A2 EP 19208375 A EP19208375 A EP 19208375A EP 3659699 A2 EP3659699 A2 EP 3659699A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
mixer
component
building material
agitator shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19208375.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3659699A3 (en
EP3659699B1 (en
Inventor
Patrik Kuhn
Armin Brühwiler
Raphael Bourquin
Didier Lootens
Luka OBLAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Publication of EP3659699A2 publication Critical patent/EP3659699A2/en
Publication of EP3659699A3 publication Critical patent/EP3659699A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3659699B1 publication Critical patent/EP3659699B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/148—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying a plurality of radially extending mixing bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/72—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices or sections of helices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/60—Mixing solids with solids
    • B01F23/64—Mixing solids with solids using rotatable mixing elements at the lower end of discharge hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0725—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis on the free end of the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0726—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by a single radial rod, other than open frameworks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1121—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades pin-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
    • B01F35/75455—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle
    • B01F35/754551—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle using helical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/0806—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/0818—Charging or discharging gates or chutes; Sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/142—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades
    • B28C5/143—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/28—Mixing cement, mortar, clay, plaster or concrete ingredients

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixer and a method for producing a structure from building material using a mixer.
  • Mixers with a drum are conventionally used to mix different components, which can be solid, liquid or powder, for example, in which a stirring shaft is arranged, which can be driven by a drive.
  • the agitator shaft can be equipped with pins, for example, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, the mix is moved and mixed.
  • Such a mixer is for example in the published patent application WO 2007/066362 A1 shown. With this horizontal continuous mixer, the material to be mixed is fed into the drum via an inlet, mixed there by pins on the agitator shaft, and finally discharged from the drum again via a side outlet.
  • the pins on the agitator shaft of such a mixer can be designed and arranged in such a way that the mix is moved in a predetermined direction in the drum by the pins.
  • it has been shown that such movement of the material to be mixed through the drum of the mixer only works sufficiently well with certain viscosities of the material to be mixed.
  • the conveyance of the mixed material to an outlet of the mixer is insufficient. The consequence of this is that the mixer can become blocked and its function is impaired.
  • a mixer is to be made available which can continuously mix and convey substances with a higher viscosity.
  • the mixer should also be easy to use and inexpensive to use.
  • the object is first achieved by a mixer comprising a drum with at least one inlet and one outlet.
  • the mixer further comprises a drive and an agitator shaft for mixing a material to be mixed, the agitator shaft arranged in the drum being coupled to the drive.
  • the Mixer a conveyor device which is arranged in the drum and which is arranged on the same axis as the agitator shaft.
  • This solution has the advantage that it can also continuously mix and convey mixes with higher viscosity. For example, when mixing pumpable concrete with concrete admixtures, it is desirable for the mix to reach a certain viscosity so that it can be used directly to produce a concrete structure.
  • the conveyor device according to the invention in the mixer also allows the material to be mixed to be conveyed continuously and directly from an inlet of the drum to an outlet of the drum for such applications, without the mixer being blocked by more viscous mixing materials and thus failing in its function.
  • the conveying device is arranged directly on the agitator shaft, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft can be picked up directly by the conveying device and can be conveyed out of the drum through the outlet.
  • the agitator shaft is equipped with pins, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture in the drum is moved by the pins.
  • Such agitator shafts with pins are particularly suitable for mixing components with large grain sizes, for example grain sizes of 2 to 10 mm.
  • This can be, for example, aggregates such as stones, gravel or sand.
  • a mixer is also suitable for mixing asymmetrical substances such as, for example, mixed materials with fiber additives (for example carbon fibers, metal fibers or plastic fibers).
  • the agitator shaft is not equipped with pins, but instead is designed, for example, as a spiral stirrer, disk stirrer or inclined blade stirrer.
  • the conveying device and the agitator shaft are arranged on the same drive shaft, this drive shaft being drivable by the drive. This has the advantage that it results in an inexpensive and robust device.
  • the conveyor device and the agitator shaft are arranged on two separate drive shafts, the conveyor device being arranged on a first drive shaft and the agitator shaft on a second drive shaft, so that the conveyor device and agitator shaft can be driven at different speeds.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the mixing and conveying of the mixed material can be set separately from one another. In this way, mixing and conveying that is optimal for the respective purpose can be achieved by means of a specifically adaptable mixing capacity and conveying capacity. For example, for a first application a slight mixing with a simultaneously high delivery rate and / or delivery with high pressure may be advantageous, and for a second application a strong mixing with a simultaneously low delivery rate and / or delivery with low pressure may be advantageous.
  • the agitator shaft and the conveyor are arranged side by side in the drum, the agitator shaft being arranged on a first drum section and the conveyor device on a second drum section, and the inlet on the first Drum section and the outlet are arranged on the second drum section.
  • the first drum section with the stirring shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of the drum. It has been shown that by dividing the drum in this way, an optimal mixing performance can be achieved with a desired delivery capacity of the mixer.
  • the conveyor element is designed as a screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor has at least one, preferably at least two turns. Such a screw conveyor has the advantage that it can also convey highly viscous mixes in the drum and can also be conveyed out of the drum at a desired pressure through the outlet.
  • turns can be formed.
  • the turns can differ in their dimensions in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns becoming narrower towards one end of the conveying device.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device can be designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the mix becomes narrower towards one end of the conveyor.
  • a conveying pressure of the conveying device can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.
  • only one inlet or also two or more inlets can be arranged on the drum.
  • the components can be brought together, for example, before they are passed into the drum, or the components can be guided into the drum via separate inlets and only in the Drum to be mixed together.
  • the agitator shaft and any agitating elements arranged thereon, such as pins can be designed differently.
  • the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • the feed device comprises a funnel for receiving a powdery component, a second drive and a second agitator shaft coupled to it and arranged in the funnel. This has the advantage that this powdery component can be continuously introduced into the mixer drum without clogging.
  • the second agitator shaft comprises radially arranged agitator blades, which are arranged in an input region of the funnel, and wherein the second agitator shaft has an axially aligned stirring rod which is radially offset from an axis of rotation of the agitator shaft and which is arranged in an output region of the funnel.
  • stirring blades without a stirring rod or a stirring rod without stirring blades can be arranged on the stirring shaft.
  • a component that is fed to the system via the feed device can be fed using a gravimetric method.
  • a gravimetric method In contrast to a volumetric method, this has the advantage that a supplied mass of the one component can be set precisely, as a result of which a more precise mixing result can be achieved.
  • an additional second conveying device is arranged in the drum on the same axis as the agitator shaft and the conveying device in order to lead a first component introduced into the drum through the inlet away from the inlet before the first component is mixed with further components.
  • a system for applying a building material comprising a travel device, a first component and a second component.
  • the system further comprises a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, the mixer being arranged on the travel device and being movable by the latter.
  • the first component and the second component for producing the building material can be fed to the mixer.
  • the building material generated from the components can be applied via the outlet of the mixer.
  • the mixer according to the invention and described here is used as the mixer.
  • Such a system for applying a building material offers the advantage that, for example, building structures can be built efficiently and cost-effectively.
  • the advantage of the arrangement proposed here is, in particular, that the components are only mixed with one another shortly before the application of the building material. This is made possible by the fact that the mixer is arranged such that it can be moved via the travel device, so that it can be brought to the position at which the building material is to be applied. Due to the direct application of the building material after the mixing process, a highly viscous building material, such as concrete, can be used in the mixer without this highly viscous building material having to be conveyed or processed further.
  • the first component is a pumpable building material such as concrete
  • the second component is a pumpable substance that contains a building material additive such as a concrete additive.
  • the building material additive is a solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator.
  • a pumpable building material and a building material additive offers the advantage that both the pumpable building material and the building material additive can be transported from a container to the mixer in a simple manner, the mixing of these two substances resulting in a highly viscous building material which is used directly for Manufacturing a building structure can be used.
  • the traversing device is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures can be built up from the building material by means of the system.
  • a method for producing a structure from building material comprising the steps: mixing a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and a pumpable substance which contains a building material additive, in particular a concrete additive, with a mixer; and applying the mixture with a moving device.
  • the concrete admixture is a setting accelerator and / or setting accelerator.
  • the mixer is operated at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute, preferably at a speed of more than 650 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed of more than 800 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed Speed of more than 1000 revolutions per minute.
  • pumpable concrete which was mixed with fibers, was mixed with accelerator at different speeds according to the method described above.
  • speeds of over 900 revolutions per minute have proven to be advantageous, because in addition to the concrete, the fibers also had to be broken up here.
  • the average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 7 seconds, particularly preferably less than 4 seconds.
  • the average residence time of the mixture in the drum is the length of time that a particle remains in the drum (from the inlet of the drum to the outlet of the drum) on average.
  • An above-mentioned advantageous average residence time of at most a few seconds has the advantage that a mixture of high or strongly increasing viscosity can be conveyed, such as pumpable concrete mixed with solidification accelerators and / or hardening accelerators.
  • the mixture when the mixture is applied, the mixture is applied in a plurality of at least partially superimposed layers.
  • an existing layer is only overlaid with a new layer of the mixture when the existing layer has sufficient strength to maintain an original shape.
  • layers of the mixture which are at least partially overlapping are continuously built up during application, so that the structure is built from building material in the manner of a 3-D printer.
  • Such methods offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. In comparison to conventional methods, such methods offer the advantage that no formwork is necessary and that the shape of the structure can therefore be selected much more freely.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary mixer 1 is shown.
  • the mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, an agitator shaft 4 and a conveying device 5.
  • the drum 2 has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7.
  • the inlets 6 are located in a first drum section 10 in which the agitator shaft is arranged and the outlet 7 is located on a second drum section 11, in which the conveying device 5 is also arranged.
  • two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2.
  • the drum 2 has only one inlet.
  • the components to be mixed can already be brought together before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.
  • the conveyor device 5 is then arranged directly on the agitator shaft 4, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft 4 can be detected directly by the conveyor device 5 and can be conveyed out of the drum 2 through the outlet 7.
  • the conveyor device 5 is designed in this embodiment as a screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete turns 9. Depending on the desired conveying capacity, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or designed differently.
  • the conveyor device 5 and the agitator shaft 4 are arranged on the same axis in the drum 2.
  • the agitator shaft 4 is equipped with pins 8, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture is moved in the drum by the pins 8.
  • a feed device 12 is arranged on one of the inlets 6. This feed device 12 is suitable, for example, for introducing a pulverulent component evenly and without clogging into the drum 2 of the mixer 1.
  • the feed device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second agitator shaft 16.
  • the second agitator shaft 16 is rotatably arranged in a funnel 19.
  • the funnel 19 has an input region 14 and an output region 15.
  • stirring blades 17 are arranged on the second stirring shaft in the input region of the funnel 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged in the output region 15 of the funnel 19 on the second stirring shaft 16.
  • the stirring blades 17 are arranged radially on the second stirring shaft so that they can convey a powdery component through the input region 14 of the funnel 19.
  • the stirring rod 18 is axially aligned with respect to the second stirring shaft 16 and radially offset from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can prevent the outlet region 15 of the funnel 19 from becoming blocked.
  • FIG. 5 A system 30 for applying a building material is shown.
  • the system 30 comprises a moving device 31 as well as a first component 32 and one second component 33.
  • the first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed 34 and a second feed 35.
  • the mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, through which the building material can be applied.
  • the mixer 1 can be moved by the moving device 31.
  • the travel device 31 as shown in this exemplary embodiment, can have an arm which is designed to be movable.
  • a multi-articulated arm can be used in order to allow the mixer 1 to move in a more varied manner in space.
  • the travel device 31 is designed as a crane, as a robot, as a mobile device on wheels or caterpillars, or as a 3D printer.
  • FIG. 6 An exemplary embodiment of a conveyor device 5 is shown.
  • more than two turns 9 are initially formed.
  • the turns 9 differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns 9 narrowing towards one end of the conveying device 5.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns 9.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device 5 is designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the mixed material becomes narrower towards one end of the conveying device 5.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

Ein System (30) zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes, das System (30) umfassend eine Verfahrvorrichtung (31), eine erste Komponente (32), eine zweite Komponente (33), und einen Mischer (1) zum Mischen der ersten Komponente (32) und der zweiten Komponente (33), wobei der Mischer (1) eine Trommel (2) mit zumindest einem Einlass (6) und einem Auslass (7), einen Antrieb (3), eine Rührwelle (4) zum Mischen eines Mischgutes, welche in der Trommel (2) angeordnet ist und welche mit dem Antrieb (3) gekoppelt ist, und eine Fördervorrichtung (5), welche in der Trommel (2) angeordnet ist und welche auf einer selben Achse wie die Rührwelle (4) angeordnet ist, hat, wobei der Mischer (1) an der Verfahrvorrichtung (31) angeordnet und durch diese verfahrbar ist, wobei die erste Komponente (32) und die zweite Komponente (33) zur Herstellung des Baustoffes dem Mischer (1) zuführbar sind, und wobei der aus den Komponenten (32, 33) erzeugte Baustoff über den Auslass (36) des Mischers (1) applizierbar ist.

Figure imgaf001
Figure imgaf002
A system (30) for applying a building material, the system (30) comprising a moving device (31), a first component (32), a second component (33), and a mixer (1) for mixing the first component (32) and the second component (33), the mixer (1) comprising a drum (2) with at least one inlet (6) and one outlet (7), a drive (3), an agitator shaft (4) for mixing a mixture, which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is coupled to the drive (3), and a conveyor device (5) which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is arranged on the same axis as the agitator shaft (4), The mixer (1) is arranged on the travel device (31) and can be moved by the latter, the first component (32) and the second component (33) for producing the building material being able to be fed to the mixer (1), and the building material produced from the components (32, 33) can be applied via the outlet (36) of the mixer (1).
Figure imgaf001
Figure imgaf002

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mischer sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Struktur aus Baumaterial unter Verwendung eines Mischers.The present invention relates to a mixer and a method for producing a structure from building material using a mixer.

Zum Vermischen von verschiedenen Komponenten, welche beispielsweise fest, flüssig oder pulverförmig sein können, werden herkömmlicherweise Mischer mit einer Trommel eingesetzt, in welcher eine Rührwelle angeordnet ist, die von einem Antrieb angetrieben werden kann. Die Rührwelle kann beispielsweise mit Stiften bestückt sein, so dass bei einer Drehbewegung der Rührwelle das Mischgut bewegt und vermischt wird. Ein solcher Mischer ist beispielsweise in der Offenlegungsschrift WO 2007/066362 A1 dargestellt. Bei diesem horizontalen kontinuierlichen Mischer wird das zu mischende Material über einen Einlass in die Trommel geführt, dort von Stiften an der Rührwelle vermischt, und schliesslich über einen seitlichen Auslass wieder von der Trommel abgeführt. Die Stifte an der Rührwelle eines solchen Mischers können dabei derart gestaltet und angeordnet sein, dass das Mischgut von den Stiften in eine vorgegebene Richtung in der Trommel bewegt wird. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass eine solche Bewegung des Mischgutes durch die Trommel des Mischers nur bei gewissen Viskositäten des Mischgutes ausreichend gut funktioniert. Insbesondere bei hochviskosen Mischgütern ist in einem solchen System die Förderung des Mischgutes zu einem Auslass des Mischers ungenügend. Dies hat zur Folge, dass dadurch der Mischer verstopfen kann und in seiner Funktion beeinträchtigt ist.Mixers with a drum are conventionally used to mix different components, which can be solid, liquid or powder, for example, in which a stirring shaft is arranged, which can be driven by a drive. The agitator shaft can be equipped with pins, for example, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, the mix is moved and mixed. Such a mixer is for example in the published patent application WO 2007/066362 A1 shown. With this horizontal continuous mixer, the material to be mixed is fed into the drum via an inlet, mixed there by pins on the agitator shaft, and finally discharged from the drum again via a side outlet. The pins on the agitator shaft of such a mixer can be designed and arranged in such a way that the mix is moved in a predetermined direction in the drum by the pins. However, it has been shown that such movement of the material to be mixed through the drum of the mixer only works sufficiently well with certain viscosities of the material to be mixed. In such a system, in particular in the case of highly viscous mixed materials, the conveyance of the mixed material to an outlet of the mixer is insufficient. The consequence of this is that the mixer can become blocked and its function is impaired.

Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, die Nachteile der bekannten Vorrichtungen zu vermeiden. Dabei soll ein Mischer zur Verfügung gestellt werden, welcher kontinuierlich auch Stoffe mit einer höheren Viskosität mischen und fördern kann. Der Mischer soll zudem einfach in der Handhabung und kostengünstig im Betrieb einsetzbar sein.It is therefore an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the known devices. A mixer is to be made available which can continuously mix and convey substances with a higher viscosity. The mixer should also be easy to use and inexpensive to use.

Die Aufgabe wird zunächst gelöst durch einen Mischer umfassend eine Trommel mit zumindest einem Einlass und einem Auslass. Der Mischer umfasst weiterhin einen Antrieb und eine Rührwelle zum Mischen eines Mischgutes, wobei die Rührwelle in der Trommel angeordnet mit dem Antrieb gekoppelt ist. Weiterhin umfasst der Mischer eine Fördervorrichtung, welche in der Trommel angeordnet ist und welche auf einer selben Achse wie die Rührwelle angeordnet ist.The object is first achieved by a mixer comprising a drum with at least one inlet and one outlet. The mixer further comprises a drive and an agitator shaft for mixing a material to be mixed, the agitator shaft arranged in the drum being coupled to the drive. Furthermore, the Mixer a conveyor device which is arranged in the drum and which is arranged on the same axis as the agitator shaft.

Diese Lösung bietet den Vorteil, dass dadurch auch Mischgüter mit höherer Viskosität kontinuierlich gemischt und gefördert werden können. Beispielsweise ist es für das Vermischen von pumpbarem Beton mit Betonzusatzmitteln wünschenswert, dass das Mischgut eine gewisse Viskosität erreicht, um dadurch direkt zum Herstellen einer Betonstruktur verwendet werden zu können. Die erfindungsgemässe Fördervorrichtung im Mischer erlaubt es auch für solche Anwendungen, das zu mischende Gut kontinuierlich und direkt von einem Einlass der Trommel zu einem Auslass der Trommel zu fördern, ohne dass dabei der Mischer durch höher viskose Mischgüter blockiert wird und dadurch in seiner Funktion versagt.This solution has the advantage that it can also continuously mix and convey mixes with higher viscosity. For example, when mixing pumpable concrete with concrete admixtures, it is desirable for the mix to reach a certain viscosity so that it can be used directly to produce a concrete structure. The conveyor device according to the invention in the mixer also allows the material to be mixed to be conveyed continuously and directly from an inlet of the drum to an outlet of the drum for such applications, without the mixer being blocked by more viscous mixing materials and thus failing in its function.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Fördervorrichtung direkt an der Rührwelle anschliessend angeordnet, sodass das durch die Rührwelle gemischte Mischgut direkt von der Fördervorrichtung erfassbar und durch den Auslass aus der Trommel förderbar ist.In an advantageous embodiment, the conveying device is arranged directly on the agitator shaft, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft can be picked up directly by the conveying device and can be conveyed out of the drum through the outlet.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch Mischgüter mit hoher oder stark ansteigender Viskosität förderbar sind, weil das Mischgut durch die direkt anschliessende Anordnung der Fördervorrichtung an die Rührwelle umgehend aus der Trommel hinausgefördert wird, sodass eine Blockade des Mischers durch das Mischgut verhindert werden kann.This has the advantage that mixes with a high or strongly increasing viscosity can be conveyed because the mix is immediately conveyed out of the drum by the directly adjoining arrangement of the conveying device on the agitator shaft, so that a blockage of the mixer by the mix can be prevented.

In einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Rührwelle mit Stiften bestückt, so dass bei einer Rotation der Rührwelle ein Mischgut in der Trommel von den Stiften bewegt wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch eine effiziente und gleichmässige Durchmischung der verschiedenen Komponenten erreicht werden kann. Weiterhin kann durch eine gezielte Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Stifte sowohl eine Durchmischung als auch eine Förderung des Mischgutes in der Trommel beeinflusst werden.In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the agitator shaft is equipped with pins, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture in the drum is moved by the pins. This has the advantage that an efficient and uniform mixing of the different components can be achieved. Furthermore, a targeted arrangement and design of the pins can influence both mixing and conveying of the mixed material in the drum.

Solche Rührwellen mit Stiften eignen sich insbesondere für das Mischen von Komponenten mit grossen Korngrössen, beispielsweise Korngrössen von 2 bis 10 mm.Such agitator shafts with pins are particularly suitable for mixing components with large grain sizes, for example grain sizes of 2 to 10 mm.

Dies können beispielsweise Zuschläge wie Steine, Kies oder Sand sein. Zudem eignet sich ein solcher Mischer auch für das Mischen von asymmetrischen Stoffen wie beispielsweise Mischgüter mit Faser-Zusatzstoffen (beispielsweise Kohlefasern, Metallfasern oder Kunststofffasern).This can be, for example, aggregates such as stones, gravel or sand. In addition, such a mixer is also suitable for mixing asymmetrical substances such as, for example, mixed materials with fiber additives (for example carbon fibers, metal fibers or plastic fibers).

In einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Rührwelle nicht mit Stiften bestückt, sondern beispielsweise als Wendelrührer, Scheibenrührer oder Schrägblattrührer ausgebildet.In an alternative exemplary embodiment, the agitator shaft is not equipped with pins, but instead is designed, for example, as a spiral stirrer, disk stirrer or inclined blade stirrer.

In einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Fördervorrichtung und die Rührwelle auf einer selben Antriebswelle angeordnet, wobei diese Antriebswelle vom Antrieb antreibbar ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch eine kostengünstige und robuste Vorrichtung resultiert.In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the conveying device and the agitator shaft are arranged on the same drive shaft, this drive shaft being drivable by the drive. This has the advantage that it results in an inexpensive and robust device.

In einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Fördervorrichtung und die Rührwelle auf zwei separaten Antriebswellen angeordnet, wobei die Fördervorrichtung auf einer ersten Antriebswelle und die Rührwelle auf einer zweiten Antriebswelle angeordnet sind, so dass Fördervorrichtung und Rührwelle mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten antreibbar sind. Eine solche Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch die Durchmischung und die Förderung des Mischgutes separat voneinander eingestellt werden können. Auf diese Weise kann eine für den jeweiligen Zweck optimale Durchmischung und Förderung durch eine spezifisch anpassbare Mischleistung und Förderleistung erzielt werden. Beispielsweise kann für eine erste Anwendung eine geringe Durchmischung bei gleichzeitig hoher Förderleistung und / oder Förderung mit hohem Druck vorteilhaft sein, und für eine zweite Anwendung kann eine starke Durchmischung bei gleichzeitig tiefer Förderleistung und / oder Förderung mit tiefem Druck vorteilhaft sein.In an alternative exemplary embodiment, the conveyor device and the agitator shaft are arranged on two separate drive shafts, the conveyor device being arranged on a first drive shaft and the agitator shaft on a second drive shaft, so that the conveyor device and agitator shaft can be driven at different speeds. Such an arrangement has the advantage that the mixing and conveying of the mixed material can be set separately from one another. In this way, mixing and conveying that is optimal for the respective purpose can be achieved by means of a specifically adaptable mixing capacity and conveying capacity. For example, for a first application a slight mixing with a simultaneously high delivery rate and / or delivery with high pressure may be advantageous, and for a second application a strong mixing with a simultaneously low delivery rate and / or delivery with low pressure may be advantageous.

In einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Rührwelle und die Fördervorrichtung nebeneinander in der Trommel angeordnet, wobei die Rührwelle auf einem ersten Trommelabschnitt und die Fördervorrichtung auf einem zweiten Trommelabschnitt angeordnet sind, und wobei der Einlass auf dem ersten Trommelabschnitt und der Auslass auf dem zweiten Trommelabschnitt angeordnet sind.In an advantageous embodiment, the agitator shaft and the conveyor are arranged side by side in the drum, the agitator shaft being arranged on a first drum section and the conveyor device on a second drum section, and the inlet on the first Drum section and the outlet are arranged on the second drum section.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung bildet der erste Trommelabschnitt mit der darin angeordneten Rührwelle zwischen 50% und 90%, bevorzugt zwischen 60% und 85%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70% und 80%, eines Volumens der Trommel. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch eine derartige Aufteilung der Trommel eine optimale Mischleistung bei einer gewünschten Förderleistung des Mischers erzielt werden kann. In einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Förderelement als Förderschnecke ausgebildet. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung weist die Förderschnecke zumindest eine, vorzugsweise zumindest zwei Windungen auf. Eine solche Förderschnecke hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch auch hochviskose Mischgüter in der Trommel gefördert werden können und dabei zudem mit einem gewünschten Druck aus der Trommel durch den Auslass gefördert werden können.In an advantageous development, the first drum section with the stirring shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of the drum. It has been shown that by dividing the drum in this way, an optimal mixing performance can be achieved with a desired delivery capacity of the mixer. In an advantageous embodiment, the conveyor element is designed as a screw conveyor. In an advantageous development, the screw conveyor has at least one, preferably at least two turns. Such a screw conveyor has the advantage that it can also convey highly viscous mixes in the drum and can also be conveyed out of the drum at a desired pressure through the outlet.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung können mehr als zwei Windungen ausgebildet sein. Zudem können sich die Windungen in ihrem Ausmass in Richtung der Antriebswelle unterscheiden, wobei die Windungen zu einem Ende der Fördervorrichtung hin enger werden. Dadurch kann ein Förderdruck der Fördervorrichtung verändert werden, je nach Ausrichtung der Verengung der Windungen.In an advantageous development, more than two turns can be formed. In addition, the turns can differ in their dimensions in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns becoming narrower towards one end of the conveying device. As a result, a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung kann ein Querschnitt einer Welle der Fördervorrichtung in Richtung der Antriebswelle variabel ausgestaltet sein. Dabei wird ein Volumen für das Mischgut zu einem Ende der Fördervorrichtung hin enger. Dadurch kann ein Förderdruck der Fördervorrichtung verändert werden, je nach Ausrichtung der Verengung des Volumens für das Mischgut.In a further advantageous development, a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device can be designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft. A volume for the mix becomes narrower towards one end of the conveyor. As a result, a conveying pressure of the conveying device can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.

Um eine erste Komponente und eine zweite Komponente miteinander zu vermischen und zu fördern, können an der Trommel nur ein Einlass oder auch zwei oder mehrere Einlässe angeordnet sein. Dabei können die Komponenten beispielsweise zusammengeführt werden, bevor sie in die Trommel geleitet werden, oder aber die Komponenten können über separate Einlässe in die Trommel geführt und erst in der Trommel miteinander vermischt werden. Je nach Anzahl und Anordnung der Einlässe kann die Rührwelle und allenfalls daran angeordnete Rührelemente wie beispielsweise Stifte anders ausgebildet sein.In order to mix and convey a first component and a second component with one another, only one inlet or also two or more inlets can be arranged on the drum. The components can be brought together, for example, before they are passed into the drum, or the components can be guided into the drum via separate inlets and only in the Drum to be mixed together. Depending on the number and arrangement of the inlets, the agitator shaft and any agitating elements arranged thereon, such as pins, can be designed differently.

In einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Trommel einen ersten Einlass und einen zweiten Einlass, wobei am ersten Einlass eine Zuführvorrichtung angeordnet ist. Das Vorsehen einer solchen Zuführvorrichtung an einem der Einlässe hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch pulverförmige Komponenten effizient und kontrolliert der Zuführvorrichtung zugeführt werden können.In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, a feed device being arranged at the first inlet. Providing such a feed device at one of the inlets has the advantage that powdery components can thereby be fed to the feed device efficiently and in a controlled manner.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst die Zuführvorrichtung einen Trichter zur Aufnahme einer pulverförmigen Komponente, einen zweiten Antrieb und eine daran gekoppelte, im Trichter angeordnete zweite Rührwelle. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch diese pulverförmige Komponente ohne zu verstopfen kontinuierlich in die Trommel des Mischers eingeführt werden kann.In an advantageous development, the feed device comprises a funnel for receiving a powdery component, a second drive and a second agitator shaft coupled to it and arranged in the funnel. This has the advantage that this powdery component can be continuously introduced into the mixer drum without clogging.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst die zweite Rührwelle radial angeordnete Rührblätter, welche in einem Eingangsbereich des Trichters angeordnet sind, und wobei die zweite Rührwelle einen axial ausgerichteten, von einer Drehachse der Rührwelle radial versetzten Rührstab aufweist, welcher in einem Ausgangsbereich des Trichters angeordnet ist. Eine solche Zuführvorrichtung bietet den Vorteil, dass durch die Rührblätter die pulverförmige Komponente kontrolliert durch einen Eingangsbereich des Trichters gefördert werden kann, wobei durch den radial versetzten Rührstab die pulverförmige Komponente an einem Blockieren des Ausgangsbereichs des Trichters gehindert wird.In an advantageous development, the second agitator shaft comprises radially arranged agitator blades, which are arranged in an input region of the funnel, and wherein the second agitator shaft has an axially aligned stirring rod which is radially offset from an axis of rotation of the agitator shaft and which is arranged in an output region of the funnel. Such a feeding device offers the advantage that the powdered component can be conveyed through an input region of the funnel in a controlled manner by the stirring blades, the powdery component being prevented from blocking the output region of the funnel by the radially offset stirring rod.

Alternativ können auch nur Rührblätter ohne Rührstab oder ein Rührstab ohne Rührblätter an der Rührwelle angeordnet werden.Alternatively, only stirring blades without a stirring rod or a stirring rod without stirring blades can be arranged on the stirring shaft.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist dabei eine Komponente, welche über die Zuführvorrichtung dem System zugeführt wird, über eine gravimetrische Methode zuführbar. Dies hat im Unterschied zu einer volumetrischen Methode den Vorteil, dass dadurch eine zugeführte Masse der einen Komponente genau eingestellt werden kann, wodurch ein präziseres Mischergebnis erzielbar ist.In an advantageous embodiment, a component that is fed to the system via the feed device can be fed using a gravimetric method. In contrast to a volumetric method, this has the advantage that a supplied mass of the one component can be set precisely, as a result of which a more precise mixing result can be achieved.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist in der Trommel eine zusätzliche zweite Fördervorrichtung auf derselben Achse wie die Rührwelle und die Fördervorrichtung angeordnet, um eine über den Einlass in die Trommel eingeführte erste Komponente vom Einlass wegzuführen, bevor die erste Komponente mit weiteren Komponenten vermischt wird.In an advantageous embodiment, an additional second conveying device is arranged in the drum on the same axis as the agitator shaft and the conveying device in order to lead a first component introduced into the drum through the inlet away from the inlet before the first component is mixed with further components.

Dies ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn pulverförmige Komponenten über den Einlass in die Trommel eingeführt werden, weil diese vorteilhafterweise in einem Abschnitt entfernt vom Einlass mit weiteren Komponenten vermischt werden sollen, um ein Verstopfen des Einlasses zu vermeiden.This is particularly advantageous when powdery components are introduced into the drum via the inlet, because these should advantageously be mixed with other components in a section away from the inlet in order to avoid clogging of the inlet.

Weiterhin wird ein System zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes vorgeschlagen, wobei das System eine Verfahrvorrichtung, eine erste Komponente und eine zweite Komponente umfasst. Weiterhin umfasst das System einen Mischer zum Mischen der ersten Komponente und der zweiten Komponente, wobei der Mischer an der Verfahrvorrichtung angeordnet und durch diese verfahrbar ist. Dabei sind die erste Komponente und die zweite Komponente zur Herstellung des Baustoffes dem Mischer zuführbar. Weiterhin ist der aus den Komponenten erzeugte Baustoff über den Auslass des Mischers applizierbar. Als Mischer wird dabei der erfindungsgemässe und hier beschriebene Mischer eingesetzt.Furthermore, a system for applying a building material is proposed, the system comprising a travel device, a first component and a second component. The system further comprises a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, the mixer being arranged on the travel device and being movable by the latter. The first component and the second component for producing the building material can be fed to the mixer. Furthermore, the building material generated from the components can be applied via the outlet of the mixer. The mixer according to the invention and described here is used as the mixer.

Ein solches System zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes bietet den Vorteil, dass dadurch beispielsweise Gebäudestrukturen effizient und kostengünstig erbaut werden können. Der Vorteil der hier vorgeschlagenen Anordnung liegt insbesondere darin, dass die Komponenten erst kurz vor der Applikation des Baustoffes miteinander vermischt werden. Dies wird dadurch ermöglicht, dass der Mischer über die Verfahrvorrichtung verfahrbar angeordnet ist, so dass er an jeweils diejenige Position bringbar ist, an welcher der Baustoff appliziert werden soll. Durch die direkte Applikation des Baustoffes nach dem Mischvorgang kann im Mischer ein hochviskoser Baustoff, wie beispielsweise Beton, verwendet werden, ohne dass dieser hochviskose Baustoff weitergefördert oder verarbeitet werden muss.Such a system for applying a building material offers the advantage that, for example, building structures can be built efficiently and cost-effectively. The advantage of the arrangement proposed here is, in particular, that the components are only mixed with one another shortly before the application of the building material. This is made possible by the fact that the mixer is arranged such that it can be moved via the travel device, so that it can be brought to the position at which the building material is to be applied. Due to the direct application of the building material after the mixing process, a highly viscous building material, such as concrete, can be used in the mixer without this highly viscous building material having to be conveyed or processed further.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist die erste Komponente ein pumpbares Baumaterial wie beispielsweise Beton, und die zweite Komponente ist eine pumpbare Substanz, welche ein Baumaterialzusatzmittel wie beispielsweise ein Betonzusatzmittel enthält.In an advantageous development, the first component is a pumpable building material such as concrete, and the second component is a pumpable substance that contains a building material additive such as a concrete additive.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist das Baumaterialzusatzmittel ein Erstarrungsbeschleuniger und/oder ein Erhärtungsbeschleuniger.In an advantageous development, the building material additive is a solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator.

Das Verwenden eines pumpbaren Baumaterials und eines Baumaterialzusatzmittels bietet den Vorteil, dass sowohl das pumpbare Baumaterial als auch das Baumaterialzusatzmittel auf einfache Art und Weise aus einem Behälter zum Mischer transportiert werden kann, wobei durch die Vermischung dieser beiden Substanzen ein hochviskoses Baumaterial entsteht, welches direkt zur Herstellung einer Gebäudestruktur verwendet werden kann.The use of a pumpable building material and a building material additive offers the advantage that both the pumpable building material and the building material additive can be transported from a container to the mixer in a simple manner, the mixing of these two substances resulting in a highly viscous building material which is used directly for Manufacturing a building structure can be used.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Verfahrvorrichtung in der Art eines 3-D-Druckers bewegbar ausgebildet, sodass durch das System Strukturen aus dem Baustoff aufbaubar sind.In an advantageous embodiment, the traversing device is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures can be built up from the building material by means of the system.

Solche Systeme in der Art von 3-D-Druckern bieten den Vorteil, dass dadurch ganze Strukturen aus Baumaterial, wie beispielsweise Gebäudewände oder ähnliches, hergestellt werden können. Dabei sind keine Schalungen notwendig, und daher ist auch eine Formgebung der Struktur wesentlich freier wählbar.Systems of this type in the form of 3D printers offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. No formwork is necessary, and therefore the shape of the structure can be chosen much more freely.

Weiterhin wird ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Struktur aus Baumaterial vorgeschlagen, umfassend die Schritte: Mischen eines pumpbaren Baumaterials, insbesondere Beton, und einer pumpbaren Substanz, welche ein Baumaterialzusatzmittel, insbesondere ein Betonzusatzmittel, enthält mit einem Mischer; und Applizieren des Gemisches mit einer Verfahrvorrichtung.Furthermore, a method for producing a structure from building material is proposed, comprising the steps: mixing a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and a pumpable substance which contains a building material additive, in particular a concrete additive, with a mixer; and applying the mixture with a moving device.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist das Betonzusatzmittel ein Erstarrungsbeschleuniger und/oder Erhärtungsbeschleuniger.In an advantageous embodiment, the concrete admixture is a setting accelerator and / or setting accelerator.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung wird der Mischer beim Mischen mit einer Drehzahl von mehr als 500 Umdrehungen pro Minute betrieben, bevorzugt mit einer Drehzahl von mehr als 650 Umdrehungen pro Minute, besonders bevorzugt mit einer Drehzahl von mehr als 800 Umdrehungen pro Minute, besonders bevorzugt mit einer Drehzahl von mehr als 1000 Umdrehungen pro Minute.In an advantageous development, the mixer is operated at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute, preferably at a speed of more than 650 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed of more than 800 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed Speed of more than 1000 revolutions per minute.

Das Betreiben des Mischers mit hohen Drehzahlen bietet den Vorteil, dass dadurch Mischgüter mit hoher oder schnell ansteigender Viskosität (wie beispielsweise Beton mit Erstarrungsbeschleuniger und/oder Erhärtungsbeschleuniger) möglichst effizient und rasch durchmischt und anschliessend aus dem Mischer gefördert werden können, ohne dass dabei der Mischer blockiert und in seiner Funktion versagt.Operating the mixer at high speeds has the advantage that it allows mixes with a high or rapidly increasing viscosity (such as concrete with a setting accelerator and / or hardening accelerator) to be mixed as efficiently and quickly as possible and then conveyed out of the mixer without the mixer blocked and failed in its function.

Zudem bieten solche hohen Drehzahlen den Vorteil, dass dadurch nicht nur eine gute Durchmischung der Materialien erzielt werden kann, sondern es können dadurch auch Strukturen im Mischgut aufgebrochen werden, was beispielsweise bei pelletierten Rohstoffen, welche aufgeschlossen und /oder aufgebrochen werden müssen, wünschenswert sein kann.In addition, such high speeds offer the advantage that not only can thorough mixing of the materials be achieved, but structures in the mix can also be broken up, which can be desirable, for example, in the case of pelletized raw materials which have to be broken down and / or broken up .

In Versuchen wurden pumpbarer Beton mit Erstarrungs- bzw. Erhärtungsbeschleuniger mit Drehzahlen zwischen 200 und 2000 Umdrehungen pro Minute miteinander vermischt. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass beim Mischen mit Drehzahlen unter 500 Umdrehungen pro Minute kein genügend homogenes bzw. glattes Gemisch erzielt wird, sodass sich der pumpbare Beton und der pumpbare Beschleuniger ungenügend miteinander vermischen. Dies führte zu einem schwer kontrollierbaren Erstarrungs- bzw. Erhärtungsverhalten, da das nicht genügend homogene Gemisch Bereiche mit überdurchschnittlich viel Zusatzmittel und Bereiche mit entsprechend zu wenig Zusatzmittel aufweist. Dies kann zu Blockaden im Mischer führen, und/oder zu Mängeln im applizierten Gemisch, wie beispielsweise Bereiche mit ungenügender Festigkeit nach einer bestimmten Zeit nach dem Verlassen des Mischers.In experiments, pumpable concrete with solidification or hardening accelerators with speeds between 200 and 2000 revolutions per minute were mixed together. It was found that when mixing at speeds below 500 revolutions per minute, a sufficiently homogeneous or smooth mixture was not achieved, so that the pumpable concrete and the pumpable accelerator did not mix sufficiently with one another. This led to hardening or hardening behavior which is difficult to control, since the insufficiently homogeneous mixture has areas with an above-average amount of additive and areas with correspondingly too little additive. This can lead to blockages in the mixer and / or to defects in the applied mixture, such as areas with insufficient strength after a certain time after leaving the mixer.

In den Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, dass durch höhere Drehzahlen folgende Effekte auftreten:
Erstens werden der Beton und der Beschleuniger besser durchmischt, was eine kontrollierbareres Erstarrungs- bzw. Erhärtungsverhalten zur Folge hat. Zweitens wird der Beton stärker aufgebrochen, sodass der Beschleuniger auf einer grösseren Oberfläche des Betons einwirken kann, was eine schnellere und besser kontrollierbare Reaktion zwischen Beton und Beschleuniger zur Folge hat. Drittens wird mehr Energie in das Gemisch eingetragen, was eine stärkere Erwärmung von Beton und Beschleuniger zur Folge hat, was wiederum den Erstarrungs- bzw. Erhärtungsprozess beschleunigt.The tests have shown that the following effects occur as a result of higher speeds:
Firstly, the concrete and the accelerator are mixed better, which results in more controllable setting or hardening behavior. Second, the concrete is broken up more so that the accelerator can act on a larger surface of the concrete, which results in a faster and more controllable reaction between the concrete and the accelerator. Thirdly, more energy is introduced into the mixture, which results in more heating of the concrete and accelerator, which in turn accelerates the setting or hardening process.

Die oben beschriebenen Effekte wurden in steigendem Masse bis zu einer Drehzahl von 2000 Umdrehungen pro Minute beobachtet.The effects described above were observed to an increasing extent up to a speed of 2000 revolutions per minute.

In weiteren Versuchen wurde pumpbarer Beton, welcher mit Fasern versetzt wurde, mit unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen gemäss oben beschriebenem Verfahren mit Beschleuniger gemischt. Hier haben sich Drehzahlen von über 900 Umdrehungen pro Minute als vorteilhaft erwiesen, weil hier zusätzlich zum Beton auch noch die Fasern aufgebrochen werden mussten.In further experiments, pumpable concrete, which was mixed with fibers, was mixed with accelerator at different speeds according to the method described above. Here, speeds of over 900 revolutions per minute have proven to be advantageous, because in addition to the concrete, the fibers also had to be broken up here.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung beträgt beim Applizieren des Gemisches mit der Verfahrvorrichtung eine mittlere Verweildauer des Gemisches in der Trommel weniger als 10 Sekunden, bevorzugt weniger als 7 Sekunden, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 4 Sekunden.In a further advantageous development, when the mixture is applied using the travel device, the average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 7 seconds, particularly preferably less than 4 seconds.

Die mittlere Verweildauer des Gemisches in der Trommel ist dabei die Zeitdauer, welche ein Partikel in der Trommel (vom Einlass der Trommel bis zum Auslass der Trommel) durchschnittlich verweilt.The average residence time of the mixture in the drum is the length of time that a particle remains in the drum (from the inlet of the drum to the outlet of the drum) on average.

Eine oben genannte vorteilhafte mittlere Verweildauer von höchstens einigen wenigen Sekunden hat den Vorteil, dass dadurch ein Mischgut von hoher oder stark ansteigender Viskosität förderbar ist, wie beispielsweise mit Erstarrungsbeschleuniger und/oder Erhärtungsbeschleuniger versetzter pumpbarer Beton.An above-mentioned advantageous average residence time of at most a few seconds has the advantage that a mixture of high or strongly increasing viscosity can be conveyed, such as pumpable concrete mixed with solidification accelerators and / or hardening accelerators.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird beim Applizieren des Gemisches das Gemisch in mehreren zumindest teilweise übereinanderliegenden Lagen appliziert.In an advantageous embodiment, when the mixture is applied, the mixture is applied in a plurality of at least partially superimposed layers.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung wird beim Applizieren eine bestehende Lage erst dann mit einer neuen Lage des Gemisches überlagert, wenn die bestehende Lage eine genügend hohe Festigkeit aufweist, um eine ursprüngliche Form beizubehalten.In an advantageous development, an existing layer is only overlaid with a new layer of the mixture when the existing layer has sufficient strength to maintain an original shape.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung werden beim Applizieren kontinuierlich zumindest teilweise sich überlagernde Lagen des Gemisches aufgebaut, sodass die Struktur aus Baumaterial in der Art eines 3-D-Druckers aufgebaut wird.In an advantageous further development, layers of the mixture which are at least partially overlapping are continuously built up during application, so that the structure is built from building material in the manner of a 3-D printer.

Solche Verfahren, bei welchen Gemisch Appliziert wird und anschliessend von einer erneuten Applikation mit Gemisch zumindest teilweise überlagert wird bieten den Vorteil, dass dadurch ganze Strukturen aus Baumaterial, wie beispielsweise Gebäudewände oder ähnliches, hergestellt werden können. Dabei bieten solche Verfahren im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verfahren den Vorteil, dass keine Schalungen notwendig sind, und dass daher auch eine Formgebung der Struktur wesentlich freier wählbar ist.Such methods, in which mixture is applied and then at least partially overlaid by a renewed application with mixture, offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. In comparison to conventional methods, such methods offer the advantage that no formwork is necessary and that the shape of the structure can therefore be selected much more freely.

Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und mit Bezug auf schematische Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
schematische Darstellung eines beispielhaften Mischers mit einer Fördervorrichtung;
Fig. 2:
schematische Darstellung eines beispielhaften Mischers mit einer Fördervorrichtung und mit einer Zuführvorrichtung über einem Einlass;
Fig. 3A:
schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Zuführvorrichtung;
Fig. 3B:
schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Zuführvorrichtung;
Fig. 4:
schematische Darstellung eines Mischers zur Vermischung einer ersten Komponente und einer zweiten Komponente;
Fig. 5:
schematische Darstellung eines beispielhaften Systems zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes; und
Fig. 6:
schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Fördervorrichtung.
Details and advantages of the invention are described below using exemplary embodiments and with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1:
schematic representation of an exemplary mixer with a conveyor;
Fig. 2:
schematic representation of an exemplary mixer with a conveyor device and with a feed device above an inlet;
Fig. 3A:
schematic representation of an exemplary feed device;
3B:
schematic representation of an exemplary feed device;
Fig. 4:
schematic representation of a mixer for mixing a first component and a second component;
Fig. 5:
schematic representation of an exemplary system for applying a building material; and
Fig. 6:
schematic representation of an exemplary conveyor.

In Fig. 1 ist ein beispielhafter Mischer 1 dargestellt. Der Mischer 1 hat einen Antrieb 3, eine Trommel 2, eine Rührwelle 4 und eine Fördervorrichtung 5. Die Trommel 2 hat dabei zwei Einlässe 6 und einen Auslass 7. Die Einlässe 6 befinden sich dabei in einem ersten Trommelabschnitt 10, in welchem die Rührwelle angeordnet ist, und der Auslass 7 befindet sich auf einem zweiten Trommelabschnitt 11, in welchem auch die Fördervorrichtung 5 angeordnet ist.In Fig. 1 An exemplary mixer 1 is shown. The mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, an agitator shaft 4 and a conveying device 5. The drum 2 has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7. The inlets 6 are located in a first drum section 10 in which the agitator shaft is arranged and the outlet 7 is located on a second drum section 11, in which the conveying device 5 is also arranged.

In dieser beispielhaften Ausführungsform sind zwei Einlässe 6 an der Trommel 2 angeordnet. In einem alternativen nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel hat die Trommel 2 jedoch nur einen Einlass. Dabei können die zu mischenden Komponenten bereits zusammengeführt werden, bevor sie über den Einlass in die Trommel 2 gefördert werden.In this exemplary embodiment, two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the drum 2 has only one inlet. The components to be mixed can already be brought together before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.

Dabei ist die Fördervorrichtung 5 direkt an der Rührwelle 4 anschliessend angeordnet, sodass das durch die Rührwelle 4 gemischte Mischgut direkt von der Fördervorrichtung 5 erfassbar und durch den Auslass 7 aus der Trommel 2 förderbar ist.The conveyor device 5 is then arranged directly on the agitator shaft 4, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft 4 can be detected directly by the conveyor device 5 and can be conveyed out of the drum 2 through the outlet 7.

Die Fördervorrichtung 5 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als Förderschnecke ausgebildet. Die Förderschnecke in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel hat zwei vollständige Windungen 9. Je nach gewünschter Förderleistung kann die Förderschnecke anders dimensioniert bzw. ausgebildet werden. Die Fördervorrichtung 5 und die Rührwelle 4 sind auf einer selben Achse in der Trommel 2 angeordnet. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Rührwelle 4 mit Stiften 8 bestückt, so dass bei einer Rotation der Rührwelle ein Mischgut in der Trommel von den Stiften 8 bewegt wird.The conveyor device 5 is designed in this embodiment as a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete turns 9. Depending on the desired conveying capacity, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or designed differently. The conveyor device 5 and the agitator shaft 4 are arranged on the same axis in the drum 2. In this exemplary embodiment, the agitator shaft 4 is equipped with pins 8, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture is moved in the drum by the pins 8.

In Fig. 2 ist wiederum ein beispielhafter Mischer 1 dargestellt. Im Unterschied zum Mischer 1 aus Fig. 1 ist bei diesem Mischer eine Zuführvorrichtung 12 an einem der Einlässe 6 angeordnet. Diese Zuführvorrichtung 12 ist beispielsweise dazu geeignet, um eine pulverförmige Komponente gleichmässig und ohne zu verstopfen in die Trommel 2 des Mischers 1 einzubringen.In Fig. 2 an exemplary mixer 1 is again shown. In contrast to mixer 1 Fig. 1 In this mixer, a feed device 12 is arranged on one of the inlets 6. This feed device 12 is suitable, for example, for introducing a pulverulent component evenly and without clogging into the drum 2 of the mixer 1.

In den Fig. 3A und 3B ist die Zuführvorrichtung 12, welcher in Fig. 2 an einem der Einlässe 6 angeordnet ist, näher dargestellt. Die Zuführvorrichtung 12 hat einen zweiten Antrieb 13 und eine zweite Rührwelle 16. Die zweite Rührwelle 16 ist dabei in einem Trichter 19 drehbar angeordnet. Der Trichter 19 hat einen Eingangsbereich 14 und einen Ausgangsbereich 15. Dabei sind Rührblätter 17 an der zweiten Rührwelle im Eingangsbereich des Trichters 19 angeordnet, und ein Rührstab 18 ist im Ausgangsbereich 15 des Trichters 19 an der zweiten Rührwelle 16 angeordnet. Die Rührblätter 17 sind dabei radial an der zweiten Rührwelle angeordnet, so dass sie eine pulverförmige Komponente durch den Eingangsbereich 14 des Trichters 19 befördern können. Der Rührstab 18 ist in Bezug zur zweiten Rührwelle 16 axial ausgerichtet, und von einer Drehachse der Rührwelle 16 radial versetzt. Dadurch kann dieser Rührstab 18 den Ausgangsbereich 15 des Trichters 19 vor einer Verstopfung bewahren.In the 3A and 3B is the feeder 12, which in Fig. 2 is arranged at one of the inlets 6, shown in more detail. The feed device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second agitator shaft 16. The second agitator shaft 16 is rotatably arranged in a funnel 19. The funnel 19 has an input region 14 and an output region 15. In this case, stirring blades 17 are arranged on the second stirring shaft in the input region of the funnel 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged in the output region 15 of the funnel 19 on the second stirring shaft 16. The stirring blades 17 are arranged radially on the second stirring shaft so that they can convey a powdery component through the input region 14 of the funnel 19. The stirring rod 18 is axially aligned with respect to the second stirring shaft 16 and radially offset from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can prevent the outlet region 15 of the funnel 19 from becoming blocked.

In Fig. 4 ist wiederum ein beispielhafter Mischer 1 mit einer Zuführvorrichtung 12 an einem der Einlässe dargestellt. Dem Mischer 1 werden eine erste Komponente 20 und eine zweite Komponente 22 über jeweils eine erste Zuführung 21 und über eine zweite Zuführung 23 zugeführt. Beispielsweise kann dabei die erste Komponente 20 eine pulverförmige Komponente sein, welche über die erste Zuführung 21 in den Trichter der Zuführvorrichtung 12 geführt wird, und die zweite Komponente 22 kann beispielsweise eine flüssige oder eine pumpbare Substanz sein, welche über die zweite Zuführung 23 direkt in die Trommel des Mischers 1 geführt wird. Nach dem Mischvorgang in der Trommel des Mischers 1 wird das Gemisch von der Fördervorrichtung 5 durch den Auslass 25 des Mischers gefördert.In Fig. 4 again shows an exemplary mixer 1 with a feed device 12 at one of the inlets. A first component 20 and a second component 22 are fed to the mixer 1 via a respective first feed 21 and a second feed 23. For example, the first component 20 can be a powdery component which is fed via the first feed 21 into the hopper of the feed device 12, and the second component 22 can be a liquid or a pumpable substance, for example, which flows directly through the second feed 23 the drum of the mixer 1 is guided. After the mixing process in the drum of the mixer 1, the mixture is conveyed by the conveying device 5 through the outlet 25 of the mixer.

In Fig. 5 ist ein System 30 zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes dargestellt. Das System 30 umfasst eine Verfahrvorrichtung 31 sowie eine erste Komponente 32 und eine zweite Komponente 33. Die erste Komponente 32 und die zweite Komponente 33 werden über eine erste Zuführung 34 und eine zweite Zuführung 35 dem Mischer 1 zugeführt. Der Mischer 1 umfasst einen Auslass 36, über welchen der Baustoff applizierbar ist. Um den Baustoff an einer gewünschten Stelle applizieren zu können, ist der Mischer 1 durch die Verfahrvorrichtung 31 verfahrbar. Zu diesem Zwecke kann die Verfahrvorrichtung 31, wie in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, einen Arm aufweisen, welcher beweglich ausgestaltet ist. Beispielsweise kann ein mehrgelenkiger Arm verwendet werden, um eine vielfältigere Bewegung des Mischers 1 im Raum zu ermöglichen.In Fig. 5 A system 30 for applying a building material is shown. The system 30 comprises a moving device 31 as well as a first component 32 and one second component 33. The first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed 34 and a second feed 35. The mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, through which the building material can be applied. In order to be able to apply the building material at a desired location, the mixer 1 can be moved by the moving device 31. For this purpose, the travel device 31, as shown in this exemplary embodiment, can have an arm which is designed to be movable. For example, a multi-articulated arm can be used in order to allow the mixer 1 to move in a more varied manner in space.

In alternativen, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Verfahrvorrichtung 31 als Kran, als Roboter, als eine fahrbare Vorrichtung auf Rädern oder Raupen, oder als 3D- Drucker ausgebildet.In alternative, not shown exemplary embodiments, the travel device 31 is designed as a crane, as a robot, as a mobile device on wheels or caterpillars, or as a 3D printer.

In Fig. 6 ist eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform einer Fördervorrichtung 5 dargestellt. In diesem Beispiel sind zunächst mehr als zwei Windungen 9 ausgebildet. Zudem unterscheiden sich die Windungen 9 in ihrem Ausmass in Richtung der Antriebswelle, wobei die Windungen 9 zu einem Ende der Fördervorrichtung 5 hin enger werden. Dadurch kann ein Förderdruck der Fördervorrichtung 5 verändert werden, je nach Ausrichtung der Verengung der Windungen 9.In Fig. 6 An exemplary embodiment of a conveyor device 5 is shown. In this example, more than two turns 9 are initially formed. In addition, the turns 9 differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns 9 narrowing towards one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns 9.

Weiterhin ist in diesem Beispiel ein Querschnitt einer Welle der Fördervorrichtung 5 in Richtung der Antriebswelle variabel ausgestaltet. Dabei wird ein Volumen für das Mischgut zu einem Ende der Fördervorrichtung 5 hin enger. Dadurch kann ein Förderdruck der Fördervorrichtung 5 verändert werden, je nach Ausrichtung der Verengung des Volumens für das Mischgut.Furthermore, in this example, a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device 5 is designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft. A volume for the mixed material becomes narrower towards one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.

Claims (13)

System (30) zum Applizieren eines Baustoffes, das System (30) umfassend
eine Verfahrvorrichtung (31),
eine erste Komponente (32),
eine zweite Komponente (33), und
einen Mischer (1) zum Mischen der ersten Komponente (32) und der zweiten Komponente (33), wobei der Mischer (1) eine Trommel (2) mit zumindest einem Einlass (6) und einem Auslass (7), einen Antrieb (3), eine Rührwelle (4) zum Mischen eines Mischgutes, welche in der Trommel (2) angeordnet ist und welche mit dem Antrieb (3) gekoppelt ist, und eine Fördervorrichtung (5), welche in der Trommel (2) angeordnet ist und welche auf einer selben Achse wie die Rührwelle (4) angeordnet ist, hat, wobei der Mischer (1) an der Verfahrvorrichtung (31) angeordnet und durch diese verfahrbar ist, wobei die erste Komponente (32) und die zweite Komponente (33) zur Herstellung des Baustoffes dem Mischer (1) zuführbar sind, und
wobei der aus den Komponenten (32, 33) erzeugte Baustoff über den Auslass (36) des Mischers (1) applizierbar ist.System (30) for applying a building material, comprising the system (30)
a moving device (31),
a first component (32),
a second component (33), and
a mixer (1) for mixing the first component (32) and the second component (33), the mixer (1) a drum (2) with at least one inlet (6) and one outlet (7), a drive (3), an agitator shaft (4) for mixing a material to be mixed, which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is coupled to the drive (3), and a conveying device (5) which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is arranged on the same axis as the agitator shaft (4), the mixer (1) being arranged on the travel device (31) and being movable by the latter, wherein the first component (32) and the second component (33) can be fed to the mixer (1) for the production of the building material, and
wherein the building material produced from the components (32, 33) can be applied via the outlet (36) of the mixer (1). System (30) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Fördervorrichtung (5) direkt an der Rührwelle (4) anschliesst, sodass das durch die Rührwelle (4) gemischte Mischgut direkt von der Fördervorrichtung (5) erfassbar und durch den Auslass (7) aus der Trommel (2) förderbar ist.System (30) according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor device (5) connects directly to the agitator shaft (4), so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft (4) can be detected directly by the conveyor device (5) and through the outlet (7) from the Drum (2) is eligible. System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördervorrichtung (5) und die Rührwelle (4) auf einer selben Antriebswelle angeordnet sind, und wobei diese Antriebswelle vom Antrieb (3) antreibbar ist.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveying device (5) and the agitator shaft (4) are arranged on the same drive shaft, and wherein this drive shaft can be driven by the drive (3). System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Rührwelle (4) und die Fördervorrichtung (5) nebeneinander in der Trommel (2) angeordnet sind, wobei die Rührwelle (4) auf einem ersten Trommelabschnitt (10) und die Fördervorrichtung (5) auf einem zweiten Trommelabschnitt (11) angeordnet sind, und wobei der zumindest eine Einlass (6) auf dem ersten Trommelabschnitt (10) und der Auslass (7) auf dem zweiten Trommelabschnitt (11) angeordnet sind.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the agitator shaft (4) and the conveying device (5) are arranged side by side in the drum (2), the stirring shaft (4) being arranged on a first drum section (10) and the conveying device (5) on a second drum section (11), and the at least one inlet (6) on the first drum section (10) and the outlet (7 ) are arranged on the second drum section (11). System (30) nach Anspruch 4, wobei der erste Trommelabschnitt (10) mit der darin angeordneten Rührwelle (4) zwischen 50% und 90%, bevorzugt zwischen 60% und 85%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70% und 80%, eines Volumens der Trommel (2) bildet.System (30) according to claim 4, wherein the first drum section (10) with the stirring shaft (4) arranged therein between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of Drum (2) forms. System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Förderelement (5) als Förderschnecke ausgebildet ist.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveyor element (5) is designed as a screw conveyor. System (30) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Förderschnecke zumindest eine, vorzugsweise zumindest zwei Windungen (9) aufweist.System (30) according to claim 6, wherein the screw conveyor has at least one, preferably at least two turns (9). System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Trommel (2) einen ersten Einlass (6) und einen zweiten Einlass (6) umfasst, und wobei am ersten Einlass (6) eine Zuführvorrichtung (12) angeordnet ist.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the drum (2) comprises a first inlet (6) and a second inlet (6), and wherein a feed device (12) is arranged at the first inlet (6). System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Komponente (32) ein pumpbares Baumaterial, insbesondere Beton, ist, und wobei die zweite Komponente (33) eine pumpbare Substanz ist, welche ein Baumaterialienzusatzmittel, insbesondere ein Betonzusatzmittel, enthält.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first component (32) is a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and wherein the second component (33) is a pumpable substance which contains a building material additive, in particular a concrete additive. System (30) nach Anspruch 9, wobei das Baumaterialzusatzmittel ein Erstarrungsbeschleuniger und/oder ein Erhärtungsbeschleuniger ist.The system (30) according to claim 9, wherein the building material additive is a solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator. System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verfahrvorrichtung (31) in der Art eines 3-D-Druckers bewegbar ausgebildet ist, sodass durch das System (30) Strukturen aus dem Baustoff aufbaubar sind.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the traversing device (31) is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures can be built up from the building material by means of the system (30). System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Mischer (1) für eine Drehzahl von mehr als 500 Umdrehungen pro Minute ausgelegt ist.System (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mixer (1) is designed for a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute. System (30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das System derart ausgelegt ist, dass bei einem Applizieren des Gemisches mit der Verfahrvorrichtung (31) eine mittlere Verweildauer des Gemisches in der Trommel (2) weniger als 10 Sekunden beträgt.System (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system is designed such that when the mixture is applied with the travel device (31), an average residence time of the mixture in the drum (2) is less than 10 seconds.
EP19208375.6A 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 System for applying a building material Active EP3659699B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2017/054824 WO2017149040A1 (en) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mixer, system for applying a building material and method for producing a structure from building material
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