EP3423178A1

EP3423178A1 - Mixer, system for applying a building material and method for producing a structure from building material

Info

Publication number: EP3423178A1
Application number: EP17707571.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Patrick Kuhn; Armin Brühwiler; Raphael Bourquin; Didier Lootens; Luka OBLAK
Original assignee: Sika Technology AG
Current assignee: Sika Technology AG
Priority date: 2016-03-01
Filing date: 2017-03-01
Publication date: 2019-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-01
Also published as: WO2017149040A1; RU2018125991A3; CA3015856A1; US20240181676A1; EP3659699A3; AU2017225809B2; KR20180119568A; MX2018010452A; KR20220070330A; CL2018002448A1; EP3659699A2; EP3423178B1; SG11201807491SA; RU2018125991A; PT3646943T; PT3659699T; DK3646943T3; AU2017225809A1; CO2018010008A2; ZA201806381B

Abstract

A mixer (1) has a drum (2) with at least one inlet (6) and one outlet (7). The mixer (1) further has a drive (3) and a stirring shaft (4), which is arranged in the drum (2) and coupled to the drive (3). The mixer (1) further has a conveyor device (5) which is arranged in the drum (2), on the same axis as the stirring shaft (4).

Description

MIXER, SYSTEM FOR APPLYING A BUILDING MATERIAL AND

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRUCTURE FROM TREE MATERIAL

The present invention relates to a mixer and a method for producing a structure of building material using a mixer.

For mixing of various components, which may be solid, liquid or powder, for example, mixers are conventionally used with a drum, in which a stirring shaft is arranged, which can be driven by a drive. The agitator shaft can be equipped, for example, with pins, so that during a rotary movement of the agitator shaft the mixture is moved and mixed. Such a mixer is for example in the published patent application

WO 2007/066362 AI presented. In this horizontal continuous mixer, the material to be mixed is fed via an inlet into the drum, where it is mixed by pins on the stirrer shaft, and finally removed again from the drum via a lateral outlet. The pins on the stirrer shaft of such a mixer can be designed and arranged such that the mix is moved by the pins in a predetermined direction in the drum. However, it has been shown that such a movement of the mixed material through the drum of the mixer works well enough only with certain viscosities of the mix. In particular, in the case of highly viscous mixed products, the delivery of the mixed material to an outlet of the mixer is insufficient in such a system. As a result, this can clog the mixer and its function is impaired.

An object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the known devices. Here, a mixer is to be made available, which can continuously mix and convey substances with a higher viscosity. The mixer should also be easy to use and inexpensive to use in operation. The object is first achieved by a mixer comprising a drum with at least one inlet and one outlet. The mixer further comprises a drive and a stirring shaft for mixing a mixed material, wherein the stirring shaft is arranged in the drum coupled to the drive. Furthermore, the Mixer a conveyor, which is arranged in the drum and which is arranged on a same axis as the agitator shaft.

This solution has the advantage that it also mixed materials with higher viscosity can be continuously mixed and promoted. For example, for mixing pumpable concrete with concrete admixtures, it is desirable for the mix to reach a certain viscosity so as to be used directly to make a concrete structure. The conveyor according to the invention in the mixer also makes it possible for such applications to convey the material to be mixed continuously and directly from an inlet of the drum to an outlet of the drum, without the mixer being blocked by higher viscous mixes and thereby failing in its function.

In an advantageous embodiment, the conveying device is directly on the

Stirring shaft then arranged so that the mix mixed by the stirring shaft can be detected directly from the conveyor and conveyed through the outlet from the drum.

This has the advantage that mixed materials with a high or strongly increasing viscosity can be conveyed, because the mix is mixed by the directly following

Arrangement of the conveyor to the agitator shaft is immediately conveyed out of the drum, so that a blockage of the mixer can be prevented by the mix.

In an advantageous embodiment, the stirring shaft is equipped with pins, so that during a rotation of the stirring shaft, a mix is moved in the drum of the pins. This has the advantage that an efficient and uniform mixing of the various components can be achieved thereby. Furthermore, by a targeted arrangement and design of the pins both a

Mixing as well as a promotion of the mixed material are influenced in the drum.

Such stirrer shafts with pins are particularly suitable for mixing

Components with large grain sizes, for example grain sizes from 2 to 10 mm. These can be, for example, aggregates such as stones, gravel or sand. In addition, such a mixer is also suitable for the mixing of asymmetric materials such as blends with fiber additives (for example, carbon fibers, metal fibers or plastic fibers).

In an alternative embodiment, the agitator shaft is not equipped with pins, but for example as a helical stirrer, disc stirrer or inclined blade.

In an advantageous embodiment, the conveying device and the stirring shaft are arranged on a same drive shaft, said drive shaft being drivable by the drive. This has the advantage that this results in a cost-effective and robust device.

In an alternative embodiment, the conveyor and the

Stirring shaft arranged on two separate drive shafts, wherein the conveying device are arranged on a first drive shaft and the agitator shaft on a second drive shaft, so that the conveying device and the stirrer shaft can be driven at different speeds. Such an arrangement has the advantage that thereby the mixing and the promotion of the mixed material can be set separately from each other. In this way, an optimal for the particular purpose mixing and promotion by a specifically customizable

Mixing capacity and flow rate can be achieved. For example, for a first application, a low mixing with simultaneously high delivery rate and / or delivery with high pressure may be advantageous, and for a second application may be a strong mixing with low flow rate and / or promotion with low pressure advantageous. In an advantageous embodiment, the stirring shaft and the

Conveyor arranged side by side in the drum, wherein the stirring shaft on a first drum portion and the conveying device on a second

Drum section are arranged, and wherein the inlet on the first Drum section and the outlet are arranged on the second drum section.

In an advantageous development, the first drum section with the stirring shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of the drum. It has been shown that by such a division of the drum optimal

Mixing power can be achieved at a desired flow rate of the mixer. In an advantageous embodiment, the conveying element is designed as a screw conveyor. In an advantageous development, the screw conveyor on at least one, preferably at least two turns. Such a screw conveyor has the advantage that thereby also highly viscous mixed materials can be conveyed in the drum and can also be promoted with a desired pressure from the drum through the outlet.

In an advantageous development, more than two windings can be formed. In addition, the windings in their extent in the direction of

Drive shaft differ, with the windings to one end of the

Be closer conveyor. This allows a delivery pressure of

Conveying device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the constriction of the

Turns.

In a further advantageous development, a cross section of a shaft of the conveying device can be made variable in the direction of the drive shaft. In this case, a volume for the mix is closer to one end of the conveyor out.

As a result, a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the constriction of the volume for the mix.

In order to mix and convey a first component and a second component, only one inlet or else two or more inlets can be arranged on the drum. In this case, the components can, for example

be brought together before they are fed into the drum, or the components can be fed through separate inlets into the drum and only in the Drum are mixed together. Depending on the number and arrangement of the inlets, the stirrer shaft and possibly arranged thereon stirring elements such as pins may be designed differently. In an advantageous embodiment, the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, wherein at the first inlet a supply device is arranged. The provision of such a feeding device at one of the inlets has the advantage that powdery components can thereby be supplied to the feeding device in an efficient and controlled manner.

In an advantageous development, the supply device comprises a funnel for receiving a powdery component, a second drive and a second stirring shaft coupled thereto and arranged in the funnel. This has the advantage that this powdered component can be introduced without clogging continuously into the drum of the mixer.

In an advantageous development, the second stirring shaft comprises radially arranged stirring blades, which are arranged in an input region of the funnel, and wherein the second stirring shaft has an axially aligned stirring rod, radially offset from a rotation axis of the stirring shaft, which is arranged in an exit region of the funnel. Such a feeding device offers the advantage that the powdery component is controlled by a stirring blade

Can be promoted input range of the funnel, wherein the powdery component due to the radially offset stirring rod at a blocking of the

Output range of the funnel is prevented.

Alternatively, only stirring blades without stirring rod or a stirring rod without

Stirring blades are arranged on the stirrer shaft.

In an advantageous embodiment, a component which is supplied to the system via the feed device can be supplied via a gravimetric method. In contrast to a volumetric method, this has the advantage that an added mass of the one component can be set precisely, as a result of which a more precise mixing result can be achieved. In an advantageous embodiment, an additional second conveying device is arranged in the drum on the same axis as the agitating shaft and the conveying device to lead away a first component introduced into the drum via the inlet from the inlet before the first component is mixed with further components.

This is particularly advantageous when powdered components are introduced into the drum via the inlet because they are advantageously to be mixed with other components in a section remote from the inlet to avoid clogging of the inlet.

Furthermore, a system for applying a building material is proposed, wherein the system comprises a traversing device, a first component and a second component. Furthermore, the system comprises a mixer for mixing the first

Component and the second component, wherein the mixer at the

Moving device is arranged and moved by them. In this case, the first component and the second component for producing the building material are fed to the mixer. Furthermore, the building material produced from the components can be applied via the outlet of the mixer. The mixer used here is the mixer according to the invention and described here.

Such a system for applying a building material offers the advantage that, for example, building structures can be built efficiently and cost-effectively. The advantage of the arrangement proposed here is, in particular, that the components are mixed together only shortly before application of the building material. This is made possible by the fact that the mixer is movably arranged via the traversing device, so that it can be brought to the respective position to which the building material is to be applied. By the direct application of the

Building material after the mixing process, a highly viscous building material, such as concrete, can be used in the mixer without this high-viscosity building material must be further promoted or processed. In an advantageous development, the first component is a pumpable

Building material such as concrete, and the second component is a pumpable substance containing a building material additive such as a concrete admixture.

In an advantageous development, the building material additive is a

Solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator.

The use of a pumpable building material and a building material additive offers the advantage that both the pumpable building material and the

Building material additive can be transported in a simple manner from a container to the mixer, wherein the mixing of these two substances produces a highly viscous building material, which directly for the production of a

Building structure can be used.

In an advantageous embodiment, the displacement device is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures of the building material can be built up by the system. Such systems in the nature of 3-D printers offer the advantage that whole structures of building material, such as building walls or the like, can be produced. In this case, no formwork is necessary, and therefore a shape of the structure is much more freely selectable. Furthermore, a method for producing a structure of building material is proposed, comprising the steps: mixing a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and a pumpable substance, which

Building material additive, in particular a concrete additive, containing with a

Mixer; and applying the mixture with a traversing device.

In an advantageous embodiment, the concrete admixture is a

Solidification accelerator and / or hardening accelerator. In an advantageous development of the mixer is operated during mixing at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute, preferably at a speed of more than 650 revolutions per minute, more preferably at a speed of more than 800 revolutions per minute, more preferably with a Speed of more than 1000 revolutions per minute.

The operation of the mixer at high speeds has the advantage that mixed materials with high or rapidly increasing viscosity (such as concrete with solidification accelerator and / or hardening accelerator) mixed as efficiently and quickly as possible and then be promoted from the mixer, without causing the mixer blocked and failed in its function.

In addition, such high speeds have the advantage that not only a good mixing of the materials can be achieved, but it can also be broken structures in the mix, which may be desirable, for example, in pelleted raw materials, which must be digested and / or broken ,

In experiments, pumpable concrete with solidification or hardening accelerator were mixed with speeds between 200 and 2000 revolutions per minute. It was found that when mixing at speeds below 500 revolutions per minute, no sufficiently homogeneous or smooth mixture is achieved, so that mix the pumpable concrete and the pumpable accelerator insufficiently. This led to a hard-to-control solidification or hardening behavior, since the insufficiently homogeneous mixture has areas with an above-average amount of admixture and areas with correspondingly insufficient admixture. This can lead to blockages in the mixer, and / or defects in the applied mixture, such as areas with insufficient strength after a certain time after leaving the mixer.

The experiments have shown that higher speeds cause the following effects: First, the concrete and the accelerator are better mixed, resulting in a more controllable solidification or hardening behavior.

Secondly, the concrete is broken up more so that the accelerator can act on a larger surface of the concrete, resulting in a faster and more controllable reaction between concrete and accelerator.

Third, more energy is added to the mixture, resulting in increased heating of the concrete and accelerator, which in turn accelerates the setting or hardening process. The above-described effects were increasingly observed up to a speed of 2000 rpm.

In further experiments pumpable concrete, which was mixed with fibers, with different speeds according to the above-described method

Accelerator mixed. Here, speeds of over 900 revolutions per minute have proven to be advantageous because in addition to the concrete and the fibers had to be broken.

In a further advantageous development, when applying the mixture with the displacement device, an average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 7 seconds, particularly preferably less than 4 seconds.

The average residence time of the mixture in the drum is the time that a particle in the drum (from the inlet of the drum to the outlet of the drum) lingers on average.

An above-mentioned advantageous average residence time of at most a few seconds has the advantage that thereby a mix of high or strong

ascending viscosity is conveyed, such as with solidification accelerator and / or hardening accelerator offset pumpable concrete. In an advantageous embodiment, the mixture is applied in several at least partially superimposed layers when applying the mixture.

In an advantageous development, when applying an existing layer is only superimposed with a new layer of the mixture when the existing layer has a sufficiently high strength to maintain an original shape.

In an advantageous development, at least partially overlapping layers of the mixture are continuously built up during application, so that the structure is built up of building material in the manner of a 3-D printer.

Such methods in which mixture is applied and is then at least partially superimposed by a renewed application with a mixture offer the advantage that thereby whole structures of building material, such as

Building walls or the like, can be produced. In comparison with conventional methods, such methods offer the advantage that no formwork is necessary, and therefore also a shaping of the structure is substantially more freely selectable.

Details and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to

Embodiments and described with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1: schematic representation of an exemplary mixer with

Conveyor;

Fig. 2: schematic representation of an exemplary mixer with a

Conveyor and with a feeder over an inlet; 3A is a schematic representation of an exemplary delivery device;

3B schematic representation of an exemplary feeding device; 4 shows a schematic representation of a mixer for mixing a first component and a second component;

Fig. 5: schematic representation of an exemplary system for applying a

building material; and

6: schematic representation of an exemplary conveyor device.

In Fig. 1, an exemplary mixer 1 is shown. The mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, a stirring shaft 4 and a conveying device 5. The drum 2 has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7. The inlets 6 are located in a first drum section 10, in which the stirring shaft is arranged is, and the outlet 7 is located on a second drum section 11, in which also the

Conveyor 5 is arranged.

In this exemplary embodiment, two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, however, the drum 2 has only one inlet. In this case, the components to be mixed can already be brought together before they are conveyed via the inlet into the drum 2.

The conveying device 5 is then arranged directly on the agitating shaft 4, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitating shaft 4 is discharged directly from the mixing shaft 4

Conveyor 5 can be detected and conveyed through the outlet 7 from the drum 2.

The conveyor 5 is formed in this embodiment as a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor in this embodiment has two complete turns 9. Depending on the desired flow rate, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or formed differently. The conveying device 5 and the stirring shaft 4 are arranged on a same axis in the drum 2. In this

Embodiment, the stirring shaft 4 is equipped with pins 8, so that upon rotation of the stirring shaft, a mix is moved in the drum of the pins 8. FIG. 2 again shows an exemplary mixer 1. In contrast to the mixer 1 from FIG. 1, a feed device 12 is arranged at one of the inlets 6 in this mixer. This feeding device 12 is suitable, for example, for introducing a powdery component into the drum 2 of the mixer 1 uniformly and without clogging.

In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the feeding device 12, which is arranged on one of the inlets 6 in FIG. 2, is shown in greater detail. The feeding device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second stirring shaft 16. The second stirring shaft 16 is rotatably arranged in a hopper 19. The hopper 19 has an entrance area 14 and an exit area 15. Stirring blades 17 are arranged on the second agitator shaft in the entrance area of the hopper 19, and a stirring bar 18 is in the

Output region 15 of the funnel 19 is arranged on the second stirring shaft 16. The stirring blades 17 are arranged radially on the second stirring shaft, so that they can convey a pulverulent component through the inlet region 14 of the funnel 19. The stirring rod 18 is axially aligned with respect to the second stirring shaft 16, and radially offset from a rotation axis of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can protect the outlet area 15 of the funnel 19 from being blocked.

FIG. 4 again shows an exemplary mixer 1 with a feed device 12 at one of the inlets. The mixer 1 is supplied with a first component 20 and a second component 22 via a respective first feed 21 and via a second feed 23. For example, the first component 20 may be a pulverulent component which is guided via the first feed 21 into the funnel of the feed device 12, and the second component 22 may be, for example, a liquid or a pumpable substance which flows directly into the second feed 23 the drum of the mixer 1 is guided. After this

Mixing in the drum of the mixer 1, the mixture of the

Conveying device 5 is conveyed through the outlet 25 of the mixer.

FIG. 5 shows a system 30 for applying a building material. The system 30 includes a traversing device 31 and a first component 32 and a second component 33. The first component 32 and the second component 33 are supplied to the mixer 1 via a first feed 34 and a second feed 35. The mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, via which the building material can be applied. In order to apply the building material at a desired location, the mixer 1 by the traversing device 31 is movable. For this purpose, the displacement device 31, as shown in this embodiment, have an arm which is designed to be movable. For example, a multi-articulated arm can be used to allow a more varied movement of the mixer 1 in the room.

In alternative embodiments, not shown, the traversing device 31 is designed as a crane, as a robot, as a mobile device on wheels or tracks, or as a 3D printer. FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a conveyor device 5. In this example, more than two turns 9 are initially formed. In addition, the turns 9 differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, with the turns 9 becoming narrower toward one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a delivery pressure of the conveyor 5 can be changed, depending on the orientation of the constriction of the turns. 9

Furthermore, in this example, a cross section of a shaft of the conveying device 5 is designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft. In this case, a volume for the mix is closer to one end of the conveyor 5 towards. As a result, a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the orientation of the constriction of the volume for the mixture.

Claims

claims

1. comprising mixer (1)

a drum (2) having at least one inlet (6) and an outlet (7), a drive (3),

a stirring shaft (4) for mixing a mixed material, which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is coupled to the drive (3),

characterized in that

a conveying device (5) is arranged in the drum (2), which is arranged on a same axis as the stirring shaft (4).

2. mixer (1) according to claim 1, wherein the conveying device (5) directly to the agitator shaft (4) adjoins, so that by the agitator shaft (4) mixed mix directly from the conveyor device (5) detectable and through the outlet (7) from the drum (2) is conveyed.

3. mixer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the

Conveying device (5) and the stirring shaft (4) are arranged on a same drive shaft, and wherein said drive shaft from the drive (3) is drivable.

4. mixer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stirring shaft (4) and the conveying device (5) side by side in the drum (2) are arranged, wherein the stirring shaft (4) on a first drum portion (10) and the

Conveying device (5) are arranged on a second drum portion (11), and wherein the at least one inlet (6) on the first drum portion (10) and the outlet (7) on the second drum portion (11) are arranged.

5. Mixer according to claim 4, wherein the first drum section (10) with the stirring shaft (4) arranged therein between 50% and 90%>, preferably between 60%> and 85% o, more preferably between 70%> and 80%> , a volume of the drum (2) forms.

6. mixer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the

Conveying element (5) is designed as a screw conveyor.

7. Mixer according to claim 6, wherein the screw conveyor has at least one, preferably at least two turns (9).

A mixer as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the drum (2) comprises a first inlet (6) and a second inlet (6), and wherein at the first inlet (6) a supply device (12) is arranged.

9. Mixer according to claim 8, wherein the feed device (12) comprises a funnel (19) for receiving a powdery component, a second drive (13) and coupled thereto, in the hopper (19) second agitator shaft (16).

10. A mixer according to claim 9, wherein the second agitator shaft (16) radially arranged agitator blades (17) which are arranged in an input region (14) of the funnel (19), and wherein the second agitator shaft (16) has an axially aligned, of a stirrer rod (18) radially offset from a rotation axis of the stirrer shaft (16), which stirrer is arranged in an outlet region (15) of the funnel (19).

11. system (30) for applying a building material, the system (30) comprising a traversing device (31),

a first component (32),

a second component (33), and

a mixer (1) for mixing the first component (32) and the second

Component (33) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mixer (1) is arranged on the displacement device (31) and can be moved by it.

wherein the first component (32) and the second component (33) for the production of the building material to the mixer (1) can be supplied, and

wherein the building material produced from the components (32, 33) via the outlet

(36) of the mixer (1) can be applied.

The system (30) of claim 11, wherein the first component (32) is a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and wherein the second component (33) is a pumpable substance containing a building material additive, in particular a concrete admixture.

13. System (30) according to claim 12, wherein the building material additive a

Solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator.

14. System according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the traversing device (31) is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures of the building material can be built up by the system (39).

15. A method of manufacturing a structure of building material, comprising the steps of:

Mixing a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and a pumpable substance, which is a building material additive, in particular a

Concrete additive, comprising with a mixer (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7; and

Applying the mixture with a traversing device (31).

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the mixer (1) is operated during mixing at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute.

17. The method according to any one of claims 15 or 16, wherein when applying the mixture with the traversing device (31) an average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein when applying the mixture, the mixture is applied in a plurality of at least partially superimposed layers.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein when applying an existing layer is only superimposed with a new layer of the mixture, if the existing Location has a sufficiently high strength to an original shape

maintain.

20. The method according to any one of claims 18 or 19, wherein when applying continuously at least partially overlapping layers of the mixture are built, so that the structure of building material in the manner of a 3-D printer is constructed.