EP0218864B1 - Device and method for continuously making a hydraulically setting mass - Google Patents

Device and method for continuously making a hydraulically setting mass Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218864B1
EP0218864B1 EP86111814A EP86111814A EP0218864B1 EP 0218864 B1 EP0218864 B1 EP 0218864B1 EP 86111814 A EP86111814 A EP 86111814A EP 86111814 A EP86111814 A EP 86111814A EP 0218864 B1 EP0218864 B1 EP 0218864B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
mixing
fibre
housing
worm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86111814A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0218864A3 (en
EP0218864A2 (en
Inventor
Adolf Prof. Dr.-Ing. Meyer
Helmut Dipl.-Geol. Dr. Rer. Nat. Steinegger
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Schröder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HeidelbergCement AG
Original Assignee
Heidelberger Zement AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heidelberger Zement AG filed Critical Heidelberger Zement AG
Priority to AT86111814T priority Critical patent/ATE54597T1/en
Publication of EP0218864A2 publication Critical patent/EP0218864A2/en
Publication of EP0218864A3 publication Critical patent/EP0218864A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0218864B1 publication Critical patent/EP0218864B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/1238—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device and with incorporated feeding or discharging devices
    • B28C5/1292—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device and with incorporated feeding or discharging devices with rotating stirring and feeding or discharging means fixed on the same axis, e.g. in an inclined container fed at its lower part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/62—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis comprising liquid feeding, e.g. spraying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/707—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms the paddles co-operating, e.g. intermeshing, with elements on the receptacle wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71775—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using helical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
    • B28C5/404—Pre-treatment of fibres
    • B28C5/406—Pre-treatment of fibres and mixing with binding material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the continuous provision of fibers containing hydraulic setting mass, in particular wet mortar or dry mortar, with an at least partially cylindrical tubular housing which has a feed point for dry substance, a mixing zone, a fiber input point and a discharge opening in the conveying direction, and with an in the rotating shaft, which causes a conveying flow through the housing and carries a metering screw in the area of the loading point for dry substance and a mixing screw in the area of the fiber input point.
  • Such a device is known from DE-B 2 337 129 for the production of fiber concrete.
  • FR-A 1 243 318 describes a continuous mixer for a mass with a proportion of foaming agent, fibers and powdery dry substance, in particular cement or gypsum.
  • foaming agent in particular cement or gypsum.
  • the fibers and the foaming agent are mixed and transported in the area of a screw.
  • the dry substance is added and mixed in in a mixing zone with comb-like pins, partly on the shaft and partly on the cylinder housing.
  • the mixture is discharged with another screw.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which enables fiber-friendly, uniform and intensive incorporation of the fibers into the hydraulically setting mass.
  • the shaft carries at least one additional fiber installation tool in the area of the fiber input point in addition to the mixing screw.
  • the mixing screw is designed as a spiral axial screw.
  • a number of pins which project radially from the shaft and are preferably curved in the circumferential direction counter to the direction of rotation of the shaft can be provided as the fiber installation tool. The latter result in an even, gentle installation of the fibers.
  • Sensitive fibers can also be used in this way, which would be destroyed by the previous intensive work-up of the hydraulically setting mass.
  • Working in a continuous flow of material limits the dwell time of the fibers in the area of the conveyor line and fiber installation pins in a well-defined manner, so that damage or destruction of fibers by the mixing in is effectively prevented.
  • the shaft may be in the mixing zone a number of substantially radially projecting mixing blades wear and be equipped with at least one tool for Feinzerkleinem in an opening located between the mixing zone and the fiber input point k Feinzer managerial ntationszone.
  • the latter preferably consists of a comb carried by the shaft, which is in engagement with at least one further comb fixed to the housing according to the key-lock principle.
  • the combs can extend in the axial direction and have essentially radially directed pins. It is recommended to use a plurality of combs which are preferably offset in the circumferential direction at the same angular distance.
  • the mixing blades can be equipped with wipers bearing against the inner wall of the tube, which extend in particular in the axial direction and can be attached to the tips of a pair of mixing blades.
  • the wipers intensify the mixing and ensure that the mixing zone extends right up to the inner wall of the pipe. The latter is constantly scraped free, which is accompanied by a bearing of the shaft.
  • the device can have a storage container, in particular in the form of a top box or silo connection, in the outlet area of which the housing has a central cross-sectional constriction through which the shaft with the dosing screw protrudes .
  • the work of wipers on the cross-sectional constriction of the housing keeps this area free of wet mass, so that the time period over which the device can be left switched off without problems is extended.
  • the composition of the mass obtained can be easily regulated on the basis of the operating parameters of such a cutting unit.
  • the housing of the device can taper conically downstream from the chute to the discharge opening and can contain a correspondingly conically tapering screw section on the shaft. In this conical end part of the housing, the fiber concrete is gently mixed.
  • the device preferably has a pump.
  • the housing can have a peripheral water connection in the area of the motor-side mixing zone, preferably with at least a slightly downstream spraying direction.
  • mortar can be mixed with the device according to the invention, as is necessary for the production of fiber concrete.
  • the water is kept away from the metering zone and storage container, so that the possible switch-off time of the device is in turn extended.
  • the device does not necessarily have to work with the addition of water; it can also be used to prepare a hydraulically setting dry mass with a fiber content.
  • the device has a control unit that starts the shaft with a lead in terms of fiber addition when starting and stops with a lag in terms of fiber addition when switched off.
  • Two selectable pre-air periods of the shaft can be provided, one of which is longer for commissioning after the device has been dismantled, and the shorter one for starting up after a short break in work. In the latter case there is still mass in the housing and it is only necessary to prevent excess fibers in the mixture for a short time when starting up. After a long interruption, disassembly and cleaning of the device, on the other hand, the housing is empty when starting, and the running time of the mass from the storage container to the fiber addition point is taken into account. The composition of the mass remains the same even after it has been switched off, and fiber material is saved, which is normally the most expensive component.
  • the device can be provided with a safety circuit which monitors the water pressure and / or suitable operating parameters of a fiber cutting unit and switches off in the event of a fault.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 has a housing with a substantially circular cylindrical tube 10 coming horizontally. At one end of the tube is the storage container 12 for dry substance, downstream of which there is a radial water connection 14 and further downstream a fiber installation station with a fiber cutting device 16, and finally at the other end of the tube 10 a conically tapering end part 18, which has a dispensing opening 20 towards the bottom.
  • the device provides 10 fiber concrete in a continuous flow through the tube when using desiccant, water and fibers
  • the device is mounted on rollers 22 in the region of the storage container 12 and is supported with a foot 24 against the ground.
  • the fiber cutting mechanism 16 has a separate frame 28, which also runs on rollers 26. This structure enables a change of location to be carried out quickly and easily.
  • the storage container 12 is designed as an attachment box, which can in particular be provided with a sack ripper.
  • a silo connection part can also be used, via which the device is supplied with dry matter directly from a silo. The conversion between the two variants is easy.
  • a motor 30 is attached to the reservoir 12 in the axial extension of the tube 10. This drives a shaft 32, which runs through the full length of both the reservoir 12 and, in a central, axial arrangement, the tube 10.
  • the shaft 32 carries a number of tools, which are used for dosing dry material from the storage container 12, mixing, grinding, for fiber installation and last but not least for transporting the mass through the pipe 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically how dry substance is discharged from the storage container 12.
  • a section of the shaft 32 running inside the storage container 12 carries a metering screw 34 and individual, radially projecting loosening vanes 35.
  • the shaft 32 is guided through a front-side outlet opening 36 of the storage container 12, which represents the transition to the tube 10.
  • the outlet opening 36 has a circular cross section and has a smaller diameter than the tube 10, with respect to which it is arranged in the center.
  • the cross-sectional constriction is formed by a cylinder sleeve 38, which is arranged coaxially to the tube 10 and protrudes radially inwards and has a length.
  • the dosing screw 34 protrudes into the cylinder sleeve 38 in which it ends.
  • the metering screw 34 transports dry material from the storage container 12 into the pipe 10 at a well-defined rate.
  • the metering rate depends on the structural geometry, in particular the size of the outlet opening 36 and the gradient of the metering screw 34, the chamber volume and the speed of the shaft 32 from which it can be regulated within wide limits.
  • a mixing zone follows in the tube 10 downstream of the metering zone.
  • the shaft 22 carries mixing blades 40 projecting radially therefrom, which mix the material located in the tube 10 and, at the same time, transport it through its shape, a suitable angle of attack etc.
  • a part of the mixing blades is equipped with scrapers 42, 44 made of hard rubber or the like. exist and lie on the inner wall of the tube 10. 4 and 5 in particular, wipers 42 can be seen, which are attached to the radially outer end of a pair of mixing blades 40 and extend essentially in the axial direction.
  • the mixing blades carry a flat part 41 serving as a holder, to which the wipers 42 are fastened with screws or rivets 43.
  • a number of such mixing vane groups 40 with wipers 4 are provided, which in the axial direction of the shaft 32 with Ab stood in succession ( Figure 1).
  • the mixing blades 40 of the individual groups are angularly offset by 120 ° in the circumferential direction.
  • At the level of each group there are also individual mixing blades 46 without wipers, and also at an angular offset of, for example, 120 ° .
  • This geometry is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • one of the wipers 44 is located at the axial end of the cylinder bush 38, at which the passage cross section for the material widens to the inside dimension of the tube 10.
  • the scraper 44 lies against both the end face 48 of the cylinder liner 38 and the inner wall of the tube 10. It thus ensures that the step-like transition to the outlet of the reservoir 12 is always scraped free of material, which, among other things, achieves a well-defined separation of the wet zone and dry zone of the device.
  • the water connection 14 of the device is in the area of the mixing zone, namely in its upstream part.
  • the water connection 14 is at some distance from the diameter step at the end of the cylinder liner 38. It is also inclined against the pipe axis, so that a water jet fed in has a spray direction downstream in the conveying direction of the material.
  • All of these measures in particular the grading of the diameter of the housing of the device and the stripper 44 working there, prevent water from getting into the reservoir 12. This lock is particularly effective when the drive of the shaft is switched off and the flow of the material is interrupted. It is thus possible to interrupt the continuous production of mortar at short notice, for example for 10 to 15 minutes, and then to restart the device without having to take any special measures.
  • the wipers 42, 44 intensify the mixing process and ensure that the mixing zone extends over the full cross section of the tube 10. Furthermore, they also serve to support the shaft 32. As FIG. 1 shows, the shaft 32 is supported twice; a roller bearing 50 is provided as a second bearing on the end face of the conical tube end part 18.
  • a fine comminution zone of the device adjoins the mixing zone downstream.
  • the shaft 32 carries comb-like tools 52 which adjoin the shaft 32 with their comb back, extend essentially in the radial direction and have radially projecting pins.
  • a plurality of combs 52 offset at an angle can be attached at the same axial height, for example three combs 52 at an angular distance of 120 ° .
  • the combs 52 rotating with the shaft 32 engage with combs 54 fixed to the housing. The latter come to rest with their comb back on the inner wall of the tube 10, extend essentially in the axial direction, and have radially inwardly directed tines.
  • the engagement of the combs 52, 54 which takes place according to the key-lock principle, is illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the mass conveyed by the tube 10 between the combs 52, 54 is finely comminuted and homogenized. It is lump-free, pasty and very flowable and therefore optimally prepared for the installation of fibers.
  • the combs 52, 54 are preferably made of steel wire. However, other materials, in particular plastic and hard rubber, can also be used.
  • the fiber addition point with the fiber cutting unit 16 follows downstream of the fine comminution zone. This is supplied with fiber strands 58, for example glass fiber rovings, which are cut to a predetermined length.
  • the amount of fiber provided per unit of time can be regulated via the retraction speed of the fiber cutting unit 16. After being cut, the fibers enter a chute 56 which is oriented essentially vertically and opens into the tube 10 of the device.
  • the invention is not restricted to the use of glass fibers, in particular alkali-resistant glass fibers.
  • glass fibers in particular alkali-resistant glass fibers.
  • other mineral fibers, plastic fibers, steel fibers, etc. are processed.
  • the material conveyed by the device is taken up downstream of the combs 52, 54 by a spiral axial screw 60 which extends under the chute 56 and through the conical end part 18 up to the dispensing opening 20.
  • the screw 60 sits on the shaft 32 and mixes the material and the fibers.
  • the shaft 32 is additionally equipped with pin-shaped fiber installation tools 62. As can be seen in FIG. 1, these pins 62 follow one another axially at a distance. They are distributed over the circumference of the shaft 32, it being possible, for example, to arrange three angularly offset pins 62 at the same axial height. This is illustrated in Figure 7; the screw 60 is not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the pins 62 protrude essentially radially from the shaft 32, and they are curved in the circumferential direction, namely counter to the direction of rotation of the shaft 32. With these pins 62, the fibers are carefully and uniformly installed in the material.
  • the conical pipe end part 18 tapers towards the discharge opening 20.
  • the section of the screw 60 contained in this end part 18 tapers accordingly. This shape enables gentle, particularly intensive installation of the fibers.
  • the device is segmented.
  • the conical end part 18 is a removable part which is connected to the tube 10 via a quick-release fastener 64.
  • the tube 10 is in turn attached to the reservoir 12 with a corresponding quick-release fastener, not shown. You can easily dismantle the housing of the device for cleaning purposes.
  • the shaft 32 is in one piece at least from the mixing zone to the discharge opening 20.
  • the shaft section in the interior of the storage container 12 can be a separate part on which the shaft 32 can be detachably fixed in a rotationally fixed connection.
  • the device according to the invention can be used with or without the addition of mixing water for the production of fiber-reinforced hydraulically setting compositions.
  • Water is preferably added by means of a water pump 66 via a metering unit 68. From this the water reaches the water connection 14 via a line 70, in which a tap 72 and a pressure gauge 74 are located.
  • the device has a control unit 76 with a time delay circuit which takes effect when the device is started up and switched off.
  • the metering and mixing shaft 32 starts up with a lead relative to the fiber cutting unit 16.
  • lead times There are two different lead times that can be selected at the push of a button.
  • a longer lead time of, for example, about 8 seconds is used when the device is started up for the first time, after disassembly and cleaning, etc. in an operating state with an empty tube 10. This takes into account the fact that a certain runtime is required from the metering of the material from the storage container 12 until the fiber addition point is reached.
  • the shorter lead time of the metering and mixing shaft 32 relative to the fiber cutting unit 16 is selected, which can be, for example, approximately one second.
  • the fiber cutting mechanism is always stopped first, while the shaft 32 continues to run for a short time, for example also about a second.
  • the water supply is started at the same time as the metering and mixing shaft 32 starts.
  • a safety circuit is provided which monitors the water pressure and prevents the device from operating when the water pressure is insufficient. Furthermore, the proper functioning of the cutting unit 16 is monitored so that operational disruptions do not occur due to the drawing in of uncut fibers.
  • the cutting unit 16 contains a roller, which presses the fiber strands against rotating cutting knives in a pneumatically controlled manner. If the pneumatic working pressure is insufficient, the system is switched off.
  • the device allows continuous production of fiber concrete with an adjustable fiber content and a predeterminable fiber length in a mixing process that delivers a steady stream of material with a constant and excellently reproducible composition.
  • the material can be placed directly in molds, formwork, etc., for example to produce thin-walled moldings with high stability.
  • Other areas of application are the production of cement-bound pipe coatings, fiber plasters, floor coverings, etc.
  • building renovation offers a variety of possible uses.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Bereitstellung von Fasern enthaltender hydraulisch abbindender Masse, insbesondere Naßmörtel oder Trockenmörtel, mit einem wenigstens streckenweise zylinderrohrförmigen Gehäuse, das in Förderrichtung hintereinander eine Beschickungsstelle für Trockenstoff, eine Mischzone, eine Fasereingabestelle und eine Ausgabeöffnung aufweist, und mit einer in dem Gehäuse angetriebenen rotierenden, einen Förderstrom durch das Gehäuse bewirkenden Welle, die im Bereich der Beschickungsstelle für Trockenstoff eine Dosierschnecke und im Bereich der Fasereingabestelle eine Mischschnecke trägt.The invention relates to a device for the continuous provision of fibers containing hydraulic setting mass, in particular wet mortar or dry mortar, with an at least partially cylindrical tubular housing which has a feed point for dry substance, a mixing zone, a fiber input point and a discharge opening in the conveying direction, and with an in the rotating shaft, which causes a conveying flow through the housing and carries a metering screw in the area of the loading point for dry substance and a mixing screw in the area of the fiber input point.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der DE-B 2 337 129 zur Herstellung von Faserbeton bekannt.Such a device is known from DE-B 2 337 129 for the production of fiber concrete.

Die FR-A 1 243 318 beschreibt einen Durchlaufmischer für eine Masse mit einem Anteil Schaummittel, Fasern und pulverigem Trockenstoff, insbesondere Zement oder Gips. Es werden zunächst die Fasern und das Schaummittel im Bereich einer Schnecke gemischt und transportiert. Dann wird in einer Mischzone mit kammartig ineinander greifenden, teils an der Welle und teils am Zylindergehäuse sitzenden Stiften der Trockenstoff zugegeben und untergemischt. Der Austrag der Mischung erfolgt mit einer weiteren Schnecke.FR-A 1 243 318 describes a continuous mixer for a mass with a proportion of foaming agent, fibers and powdery dry substance, in particular cement or gypsum. First the fibers and the foaming agent are mixed and transported in the area of a screw. Then the dry substance is added and mixed in in a mixing zone with comb-like pins, partly on the shaft and partly on the cylinder housing. The mixture is discharged with another screw.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die eine faserschonende, gleichmäßige und intensive Einarbeitung der Fasern in die hydraulisch abbindende Masse ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which enables fiber-friendly, uniform and intensive incorporation of the fibers into the hydraulically setting mass.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelölst, daß die Welle im Bereich der Fasereingabestelle zusätzlich zu der Mischschnecke wenigstens ein weiteres Fasereinbauwerkzeug trägt.This object is achieved in that the shaft carries at least one additional fiber installation tool in the area of the fiber input point in addition to the mixing screw.

In einer bevorzugten Bauform ist die Mischschnecke als Spiral-Axial-Schnecke ausgebildet. Als Fasereinbauwerkzeug kann eine Anzahl von im wesentlichen radial von der Welle abstehender, vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung entgegen der Drehrichtung der Welle gekrümmter Stifte vorgesehen sein. Letztere bewirken einen gleichmäßigen, schonenden Einbau der Fasern. Es können so auch empfindliche Fasern zum Einsatz kommen, die durch die vorangehende intensive Aufarbeitung der hydraulisch abbindenden Masse zerstört würden. Durch das Arbeiten in einem kontinuierlichen Materialstrom ist die Verweilzeit der Fasern im Bereich der Förderstrecke und Fasereinbaustifte in wohldefinierter Weise begrenzt, so daß einer Schädigung oder Zerstörung von Fasern durch das Einmischen wirksam vorgebeugt wird.In a preferred design, the mixing screw is designed as a spiral axial screw. A number of pins which project radially from the shaft and are preferably curved in the circumferential direction counter to the direction of rotation of the shaft can be provided as the fiber installation tool. The latter result in an even, gentle installation of the fibers. Sensitive fibers can also be used in this way, which would be destroyed by the previous intensive work-up of the hydraulically setting mass. Working in a continuous flow of material limits the dwell time of the fibers in the area of the conveyor line and fiber installation pins in a well-defined manner, so that damage or destruction of fibers by the mixing in is effectively prevented.

Die Welle kann in der Mischzone eine Anzahl von im wesentlichen radial abstehenden Mischflügeln tragen und in einer zwischen Mischzone und Fasereingabestelle befindlichen Feinzerklei- nerungszone mit wenigstens einem Werkzeug zum Feinzerkleinem bestückt sein. Letzteres besteht vorzugsweise aus einem von der Welle getragenen Kamm, der mit wenigstens einem gehäusefest angeordneten weiteren Kamm nach dem Schlüssel-Schloß-Prinzip in Eingriff steht. Die Kämme können sich in Axialrichtung erstrecken und im wesentlichen radial gerichtete Stifte haben. Es empfiehlt sich die Verwendung einer Mehrzahl von vorzugsweise unter gleichem Winkelabstand in Umfangsrichtung versetzt angeordneten Kämmen. Mit letzteren erreicht man eine Homogenisierung und pastöse Einstellung der Masse, die im Ergebnis sehr fließfähig und praktisch frei von Klumpen ist und sich für den Einbau von Fasern hervorragend eignet. Damit ist eine Zugabe von relativ aufwendigen Zusatzmitteln nicht erforderlich, doch kann sie bei Bedarf natürlich erfolgen, beispielsweise durch Einspeisung zusammen mit dem Anmachwasser.The shaft may be in the mixing zone a number of substantially radially projecting mixing blades wear and be equipped with at least one tool for Feinzerkleinem in an opening located between the mixing zone and the fiber input point k Feinzer managerial nerungszone. The latter preferably consists of a comb carried by the shaft, which is in engagement with at least one further comb fixed to the housing according to the key-lock principle. The combs can extend in the axial direction and have essentially radially directed pins. It is recommended to use a plurality of combs which are preferably offset in the circumferential direction at the same angular distance. With the latter one achieves a homogenization and pasty adjustment of the mass, which as a result is very fluid and practically free of lumps and is excellently suited for the installation of fibers. This means that it is not necessary to add relatively complex additives, but it can, of course, be done if necessary, for example by feeding in together with the mixing water.

Die Mischflügel können mit sich an die Rohrinnenwand anlegenden Abstreifern bestückt sein, die sich insbesondere in Axialrichtung erstrecken und an den Spitzen je eines Paares von Mischflügeln angebracht sein können. Die Abstreifer bewirken eine Intensivierung des Mischens, und sie sorgen dafür, daß sich die Mischzone bis unmittelbar an die Rohrinnenwand erstreckt. Letztere wird ständig freigekratzt, womit zugleich eine Lagerung der Welle einhergeht.The mixing blades can be equipped with wipers bearing against the inner wall of the tube, which extend in particular in the axial direction and can be attached to the tips of a pair of mixing blades. The wipers intensify the mixing and ensure that the mixing zone extends right up to the inner wall of the pipe. The latter is constantly scraped free, which is accompanied by a bearing of the shaft.

An der Beschickungsstelle für Trockenstoff kann die Vorrichtung einen insbesondere als Aufsatzkasten oder Siloanschluß ausgebildeten Vorratsbehälter aufweisen, in dessen Austrittsbereich das Gehäuse eine mittige Querschnittsverengung aufweist, durch die die Welle mit der Dosierschnecke ragt Die Mischflügel können mit sich an die Stirnfläche der Querschnittsverengung anlegenden Abstreifem bestückt sein. Das Arbeiten von Abstreifem an der Querschnittsverengung des Gehäuses hält diesen Bereich von nasser Masse frei, so daß der Zeitabschnitt verlängert wird, über den die Vorrichtung problemlos abgeschaltet gelassen werden kann.At the loading point for dry substance, the device can have a storage container, in particular in the form of a top box or silo connection, in the outlet area of which the housing has a central cross-sectional constriction through which the shaft with the dosing screw protrudes . The work of wipers on the cross-sectional constriction of the housing keeps this area free of wet mass, so that the time period over which the device can be left switched off without problems is extended.

An der Fasereingabestelle kann ein in das Gehäuse mündender Fallschacht und ein diesem vorgeordnetes, hinsichtlich der zugeführten Fasermenge und/oder Faserschnittlänge vorzugsweise regelbares Faserschneidwerk befinden. Anhand der Betriebsgrößen eines solchen Schneidwerks läßt sich die Zusammensetzung der erhaltenen Masse leicht regeln.At the fiber input point there can be a chute opening into the housing and a fiber cutting mechanism arranged upstream of it and preferably controllable with regard to the amount of fiber and / or fiber cut length supplied. The composition of the mass obtained can be easily regulated on the basis of the operating parameters of such a cutting unit.

Das Gehäuse der Vorrichtung kann sich stromab von dem Fallschacht zu der Ausgabeöffnung konisch verjüngen und einen auf der Welle sitzenden, sich entsprechend konisch verjüngenden Förderschneckenabschnitt enthalten. In diesem konischen Endteil des Gehäuses erfolgt ein intensives schonendes Nachmischen des Faserbetons.The housing of the device can taper conically downstream from the chute to the discharge opening and can contain a correspondingly conically tapering screw section on the shaft. In this conical end part of the housing, the fiber concrete is gently mixed.

Zur dosierten Zugabe von Wasser weist die Vorrichtung vorzugsweise eine Pumpe auf. Das Gehäuse kann im Bereich der motorseitigen Mischzone einen peripheren Wasseranschluß mit vorzugsweise wenigstens geringfügig stromab weisender Sprührichtung haben. Bei Zugabe von Wasser kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung Mörtel angemacht werden, wie dies für die Herstellung von Faserbeton erforderlich ist. Durch das Einspeisen von Wasser mit Sprührichtung stromab wird das Wasser von Dosierzone und Vorratsbehälter ferngehalten, so daß wiederum die mögliche Abschaltzeit der Vorrichtung verlängert wird. Es sei aber betont, daß die Vorrichtung nicht unbedingt unter Zugabe von Wasser arbeiten muß; sie kann auch zur Aufbereitung einer hydraulisch abbindenden Trockenmasse mit einem Faseranteil dienen.For the metered addition of water, the device preferably has a pump. The housing can have a peripheral water connection in the area of the motor-side mixing zone, preferably with at least a slightly downstream spraying direction. When water is added, mortar can be mixed with the device according to the invention, as is necessary for the production of fiber concrete. By feeding in water with the spray direction downstream, the water is kept away from the metering zone and storage container, so that the possible switch-off time of the device is in turn extended. But it is stresses that the device does not necessarily have to work with the addition of water; it can also be used to prepare a hydraulically setting dry mass with a fiber content.

Die Vorrichtung hat eine Steuereinheit, die bei Inbetriebnahme die Welle mit einem Vorlauf bezüglich der Faserzugabe startet und beim Abschalten mit einem Nachlauf bezüglich der Faserzugabe stoppt. Man kann zwei wählbare Voralufperioden der Welle vorsehen, von denen eine längere für die Inbetriebnahme nach eventueller Demontage der Vorrichtung, und die kürzere zum Anfahren nach kurzfristiger Arbeitsunterbrechung gedacht ist. Im letzteren Fall befindet sich noch Masse im Gehäuse, und es muß nur kurzfristig beim Anfahren ein Faser- überschuß in der Mischung verhindert werden. Nach längerer Unterbrechung, Demontage und Reinigung der Vorrichtung ist dagegen das Gehäuse beim Starten leer, und man trägt der Laufzeit der Masse vom Vorratsbehälter bis zur Faserzugabestelle Rechnung. Die Zusammensetzung der Masse bleibt auch nach Abschaltung dieselbe, und es wird Fasermaterial gespart, das normalerweise der kostenintensivste Bestandteil ist.The device has a control unit that starts the shaft with a lead in terms of fiber addition when starting and stops with a lag in terms of fiber addition when switched off. Two selectable pre-air periods of the shaft can be provided, one of which is longer for commissioning after the device has been dismantled, and the shorter one for starting up after a short break in work. In the latter case there is still mass in the housing and it is only necessary to prevent excess fibers in the mixture for a short time when starting up. After a long interruption, disassembly and cleaning of the device, on the other hand, the housing is empty when starting, and the running time of the mass from the storage container to the fiber addition point is taken into account. The composition of the mass remains the same even after it has been switched off, and fiber material is saved, which is normally the most expensive component.

Die Vorrichtung kann mit einer Sicherheitsschaltung versehen sein, die den Wasserdruck und/oder geeignete Betriebskenngrößen eines Faserschneidwerks überwacht und im Störfall eine Abschaltung vornimmt.The device can be provided with a safety circuit which monitors the water pressure and / or suitable operating parameters of a fiber cutting unit and switches off in the event of a fault.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Schematisch zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt der Vorrichtung;
  • Figur 2 den Austrittsbereich eines Vorratsbehälters der Vorrichtung, ebenfalls im Längsschnitt;
  • Figur 3 einen schematischen Querschnitt nach 111-111 von Figur 2;
  • Figur 4 ein Mischwerkzeug der Vorrichtung in Seitenansicht;
  • Figur 5 einen Schnitt nach V-V von Figur 4;
  • Figur 6 eine Einzelheit eines Feinzerkleinerungsbereichs der Vorrichtung im Längsschnitt;
  • Figur 7 zu der Vorrichtung gehörige Fasereinbauwerkzeuge in einer schematischen axialen Draufsicht auf einen Wellenabschnitt der Vorrichtung.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show schematically:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device;
  • Figure 2 shows the exit area of a storage container of the device, also in longitudinal section;
  • 3 shows a schematic cross section according to 111-111 of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a mixing tool of the device in side view;
  • 5 shows a section along VV of Figure 4;
  • FIG. 6 shows a detail of a fine comminution area of the device in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 7 belonging to the device fiber installation tools in a schematic axial plan view of a shaft section of the device.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung hat ein Gehäuse mit einem horizontal zu liegen kommenden, im wesentlichen kreiszylindrischen Rohr 10. An dem einen Ende des Rohres befindet sich der Vorratsbehälter 12 für Trockenstoff, stromab davon ein radialer Wasseranschluß 14, weiter stromab eine Fasereinbaustation mit einem Faserschneidwerk 16, und schließlich am anderen Ende des Rohres 10 ein konisch sich verjüngendes Endteil 18, das nach unten hin eine Ausgabeöffnung 20 hat. Die Vorrichtung stellt bei Einsatz von Trockenstoff, Wasser und Fasern in einem kontinuierlichen Strom durch das Rohr 10 Faserbeton bereitThe device shown in FIG. 1 has a housing with a substantially circular cylindrical tube 10 coming horizontally. At one end of the tube is the storage container 12 for dry substance, downstream of which there is a radial water connection 14 and further downstream a fiber installation station with a fiber cutting device 16, and finally at the other end of the tube 10 a conically tapering end part 18, which has a dispensing opening 20 towards the bottom. The device provides 10 fiber concrete in a continuous flow through the tube when using desiccant, water and fibers

Die Vorrichtung ist im Bereich des Vorratsbehälters 12 auf Rollen 22 montiert und mit einem Fuß 24 gegen den Boden abgestützt. Das Faserschneidwerk 16 hat ein separates, ebenfalls auf Rollen 26 laufendes Gestell 28. Dieser Aufbau erlaubt es, einen Standortwechsel schnell und einfach durchzuführen.The device is mounted on rollers 22 in the region of the storage container 12 and is supported with a foot 24 against the ground. The fiber cutting mechanism 16 has a separate frame 28, which also runs on rollers 26. This structure enables a change of location to be carried out quickly and easily.

Der Vorratsbehälter 12 ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Aufsatzkasten ausgebildet, der insbesondere mit einem Sackaufreißer versehen sein kann. Doch läßt sich statt eines Aufsatzkastens auch ein Siloanschlußteil verwenden, über das der Vorrichtung Trockenstoff direkt aus einem Silo zugeführt wird. Der Umbau zwischen beiden Varianten ist einfach.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the storage container 12 is designed as an attachment box, which can in particular be provided with a sack ripper. However, instead of an attachment box, a silo connection part can also be used, via which the device is supplied with dry matter directly from a silo. The conversion between the two variants is easy.

An den Vorratsbehälter 12 ist in axialer Verlängerung des Rohrs 10 ein Motor 30 angebaut. Dieser treibt eine Welle 32, die sowohl den Vorratsbehälter 12, als auch in mittiger, axialer Anordnung das Rohr 10 über seine volle Länge durchzieht. Die Welle 32 trägt eine Reihe von Werkzeugen, die zum Dosieren von Trockenstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter 12, Mischen, Feinzerkleinern, zum Fasereinbau und nicht zuletzt zum Transport der Masse durch das Rohr 10 dienen.A motor 30 is attached to the reservoir 12 in the axial extension of the tube 10. This drives a shaft 32, which runs through the full length of both the reservoir 12 and, in a central, axial arrangement, the tube 10. The shaft 32 carries a number of tools, which are used for dosing dry material from the storage container 12, mixing, grinding, for fiber installation and last but not least for transporting the mass through the pipe 10.

Figur 2 zeigt schematisch, wie das Austragen von Trockenstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter 12 erfolgt. Ein im Innern des Vorratsbehälters 12 laufender Abschnitt der Welle 32 trägt eine Dosierschnecke 34 sowie einzelne, radial abstehende Auflockerungsflügel 35. Die Welle 32 ist durch eine frontseitige Austrittsöffnung 36 des Vorratsbehälters 12 hindurchgeführt, die den Übergang zu dem Rohr 10 darstellt. Die Austrittsöffnung 36 weist kreisrunden Querschnitt auf, und sie hat kleineren Durchmesser als das Rohr 10, bezüglich dessen sie mittig angeordnet ist. Die Querschnittsverengung wird von einer koaxial zu dem Rohr 10 angeordneten, radial nach innen vorstehenden Zylinderbuchse 38 gebildet, die einige Länge hat. Die Dosierschnecke 34 ragt in die Zylinderbuchse 38 hinein, in der sie endet.FIG. 2 shows schematically how dry substance is discharged from the storage container 12. A section of the shaft 32 running inside the storage container 12 carries a metering screw 34 and individual, radially projecting loosening vanes 35. The shaft 32 is guided through a front-side outlet opening 36 of the storage container 12, which represents the transition to the tube 10. The outlet opening 36 has a circular cross section and has a smaller diameter than the tube 10, with respect to which it is arranged in the center. The cross-sectional constriction is formed by a cylinder sleeve 38, which is arranged coaxially to the tube 10 and protrudes radially inwards and has a length. The dosing screw 34 protrudes into the cylinder sleeve 38 in which it ends.

Bei rotierender Welle 32 transportiert die Dosierschnecke 34 mit einer wohldefinierten Rate Trockengut aus dem Vorratsbehälter 12 in das Rohr 10. Die Dosierrate hängt von der Baugeometrie, insbesondere der Größe der Austrittsöffnung 36 und Steigung der Dosierschnecke 34, dem Kammervolumen sowie von der Drehzahl der Welle 32 ab, anhand derer sie in weiten Grenzen geregelt werden kann.With the shaft 32 rotating, the metering screw 34 transports dry material from the storage container 12 into the pipe 10 at a well-defined rate. The metering rate depends on the structural geometry, in particular the size of the outlet opening 36 and the gradient of the metering screw 34, the chamber volume and the speed of the shaft 32 from which it can be regulated within wide limits.

Bezugnehmend auf Figur 1 bis 5, schließt sich stromab von der Dosierzone in dem Rohr 10 eine Mischzone an. Die Welle 22 trägt hier radial davon abstehende Mischflügel 40, die in dem Rohr 10 befindliches Gut mischen und durch ihre Formgebung, einen geeigneten Anstellwinkel usw. zugleich transportieren. Ein Teil der Mischflügel ist mit Abstreifern 42, 44 bestückt, die aus Hartgummi o.ä. bestehen und sich an die Innenwand des Rohrs 10 anlegen. insbesondere in Figur 4 und 5 erkennt man Abstreifer 42, die am radial äußeren Ende je eines Paares von Mischflügeln 40 befestigt sind und sich im wesentlichen in axialer Richtung erstrecken. Die Mischflügel tragen ein als Halter dienendes Flachteil 41, an dem mit Schrauben oder Nieten 43 die Abstreifer 42 befestigt sind. Es ist eine Anzahl derartiger Mischflügelgruppen 40 mit Abstreifern 4 vorgesehen, die in Axialrichtung der Welle 32 mit Abstand aufeinander folgen (Figur 1). Die Mischflügel 40 der einzelnen Gruppen sind in Umfangsrichtung um 120° winkelversetzt. Auf der Höhe jeder Gruppe befinden sich auch einzelne Mischflügel 46 ohne Abstreifer, und zwar ebenfalls unter einem Winkelversatz von beispielsweise 120°. Diese Geometrie ist schematisch in Figur 3 gezeigt.Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a mixing zone follows in the tube 10 downstream of the metering zone. Here, the shaft 22 carries mixing blades 40 projecting radially therefrom, which mix the material located in the tube 10 and, at the same time, transport it through its shape, a suitable angle of attack etc. A part of the mixing blades is equipped with scrapers 42, 44 made of hard rubber or the like. exist and lie on the inner wall of the tube 10. 4 and 5 in particular, wipers 42 can be seen, which are attached to the radially outer end of a pair of mixing blades 40 and extend essentially in the axial direction. The mixing blades carry a flat part 41 serving as a holder, to which the wipers 42 are fastened with screws or rivets 43. A number of such mixing vane groups 40 with wipers 4 are provided, which in the axial direction of the shaft 32 with Ab stood in succession (Figure 1). The mixing blades 40 of the individual groups are angularly offset by 120 ° in the circumferential direction. At the level of each group there are also individual mixing blades 46 without wipers, and also at an angular offset of, for example, 120 ° . This geometry is shown schematically in FIG. 3.

Wie Figur 2 zu entnehmen, befindet sich einer der Abstreifer 44 am axialen Ende der Zylinderbuchse 38, an dem sich der Durchtrittsquerschnitt für das Gut auf das Innenmaß des Rohres 10 weitet. Der Abstreifer 44 legt sich sowohl an die Stirnfläche 48 der Zylinderbuchse 38, als auch an die Innenwand des Rohres 10 an. Er sorgt so dafür, daß der stufenförmige Übergang zum Austritt des Vorratsbehälters 12 stets von Material freigekratzt wird, wodurch unter anderem eine wohldefinierte Trennung von Naßzone und Trockenzone der Vorrichtung erreicht wird.As can be seen in FIG. 2, one of the wipers 44 is located at the axial end of the cylinder bush 38, at which the passage cross section for the material widens to the inside dimension of the tube 10. The scraper 44 lies against both the end face 48 of the cylinder liner 38 and the inner wall of the tube 10. It thus ensures that the step-like transition to the outlet of the reservoir 12 is always scraped free of material, which, among other things, achieves a well-defined separation of the wet zone and dry zone of the device.

Bezugnehmend auf Figur 1 und 2, befindet sich der Wasseranschluß 14 der Vorrichtung im Bereich der Mischzone, und zwar in ihrem stromauf gelegenen Teil. Der Wasseranschluß 14 hat aber einigen Abstand zu der Durchmesserstufe am Ende der Zylinderbuchse 38. Er ist überdies gegen die Rohrachse geneigt, so daß ein eingespeister Wasserstrahl eine Sprührichtung stromab in Förderrichtung des Guts hat. Durch alle diese Maßnahmen, insbesondere die Durchmesserstufung des Gehäuses der Vorrichtung und den dort arbeitenden Abstreifer 44, verhindert man, daß Wasser in den Vorratsbehälter 12 gelangt. Diese Sperre ist insbesondere auch dann wirksam, wenn der Antrieb der Welle abgeschaltet , und damit der Förderstrom des Guts unterbrochen wird. Es ist so möglich, die kontinuierliche Mörtelherstellung kurzfristig, beispielsweise für 10 bis 15 Minuten, zu unterbrechen, und die Vorrichtung dann wieder anzufahren, ohne daß besondere Maßnahmen ergriffen werden müßten.Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the water connection 14 of the device is in the area of the mixing zone, namely in its upstream part. The water connection 14 is at some distance from the diameter step at the end of the cylinder liner 38. It is also inclined against the pipe axis, so that a water jet fed in has a spray direction downstream in the conveying direction of the material. All of these measures, in particular the grading of the diameter of the housing of the device and the stripper 44 working there, prevent water from getting into the reservoir 12. This lock is particularly effective when the drive of the shaft is switched off and the flow of the material is interrupted. It is thus possible to interrupt the continuous production of mortar at short notice, for example for 10 to 15 minutes, and then to restart the device without having to take any special measures.

Die Abstreifer 42, 44 bewirken eine Intensivierung des Mischvorgangs, und sie sorgen dafür, daß sich die Mischzone über den vollen Querschnitt des Rohrs 10 erstreckt. Weiter dienen sie zugleich zur Lagerung der Welle 32. Wie Figur 1 zeigt, ist die Welle 32 so doppelt gelagert; als zweites Lager ist ein Wälzlager 50 an der Stirnseite des konischen Rohrendteils 18 vorgesehen.The wipers 42, 44 intensify the mixing process and ensure that the mixing zone extends over the full cross section of the tube 10. Furthermore, they also serve to support the shaft 32. As FIG. 1 shows, the shaft 32 is supported twice; a roller bearing 50 is provided as a second bearing on the end face of the conical tube end part 18.

An die Mischzone schließt sich stromab eine Feinzerkleinerungszone der Vorrichtung an. In dieser trägt die Welle 32 kammähnliche Werkzeuge 52, die mit ihrem Kammrücken an die Welle 32 angrenzen, sich im wesentlichen in Radialrichtung erstrecken und radial abstehende Stifte haben. Es können auf gleicher axialer Höhe mehrere winkelversetzte Kämme 52 angebracht sein, beispielsweise drei Kämme 52 unter einem Winkelabstand von 120°. Die mit der Welle 32 rotierenden Kämme 52 stehen mit gehäusefesten Kämmen 54 im Eingriff. Letztere kommen mit ihrem Kammrücken an der Innenwand des Rohrs 10 zu liegen, erstrecken sich im wesentlcihen in axialer Richtung, und haben radial nach innen gerichtete Zinken. Der nach dem Schlüssei-Schloß-Prinzip erfolgende Eingriff der Kämme 52, 54 ist in Figur 6 verdeutlicht Bei rotierender Welle 32 wird die durch das Rohr 10 geförderte Masse zwischen den Kämmen 52, 54 feinzerkleinert und homogenisiert. Sie ist so klumpenfrei, pastös und sehr fließfähig und damit für den Einbau von Fasern optimal vorbereitet. Die Kämme 52, 54 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Stahldraht. Es ist aber auch ein Einsatz anderer Materialien, insbesondere Kunststoff und Hartgummi, möglich.A fine comminution zone of the device adjoins the mixing zone downstream. In this, the shaft 32 carries comb-like tools 52 which adjoin the shaft 32 with their comb back, extend essentially in the radial direction and have radially projecting pins. A plurality of combs 52 offset at an angle can be attached at the same axial height, for example three combs 52 at an angular distance of 120 ° . The combs 52 rotating with the shaft 32 engage with combs 54 fixed to the housing. The latter come to rest with their comb back on the inner wall of the tube 10, extend essentially in the axial direction, and have radially inwardly directed tines. The engagement of the combs 52, 54, which takes place according to the key-lock principle, is illustrated in FIG. 6. With the shaft 32 rotating, the mass conveyed by the tube 10 between the combs 52, 54 is finely comminuted and homogenized. It is lump-free, pasty and very flowable and therefore optimally prepared for the installation of fibers. The combs 52, 54 are preferably made of steel wire. However, other materials, in particular plastic and hard rubber, can also be used.

Stromab von der Feinzerkleinerungszone schließt sich die Faserzugabestelle mit dem Faserschneidwerk 16 an. Diesem werden Faserstränge 58, beispielsweise Glasfaserrovings zugeführt, die mit vorgebbarer Länge zerschnitten werden. Die pro Zeiteinheit bereitgestellte Fasermenge läßt sich über die Einzugsgeschwindigkeit des Faserschneidwerks 16 regeln. Nach dem Zerschneiden gelangen die Fasern in einen Fallschacht 56, der im wesentlichen vertikal orientiert ist und in das Rohr 10 der Vorrichtung mündet.The fiber addition point with the fiber cutting unit 16 follows downstream of the fine comminution zone. This is supplied with fiber strands 58, for example glass fiber rovings, which are cut to a predetermined length. The amount of fiber provided per unit of time can be regulated via the retraction speed of the fiber cutting unit 16. After being cut, the fibers enter a chute 56 which is oriented essentially vertically and opens into the tube 10 of the device.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die Verwendung von Glasfasern, insbesondere alkaliwiderstandsfähigen Glasfasern, beschränkt. Beispielsweise können auch andere mineralische Fasern, Kunststoffasern, Stahlfasern u.a. verarbeitet werden.The invention is not restricted to the use of glass fibers, in particular alkali-resistant glass fibers. For example, other mineral fibers, plastic fibers, steel fibers, etc. are processed.

Das durch die Vorrichtung geförderte Gut wird stromab von den Kämmen 52, 54 von einer Spiral-Axial-Schnecke 60 übernommen, die sich unter dem Fallschacht 56 und durch das konische Endteil 18 hindurch bis hin zu der Ausgabeöffnung 20 erstreckt. Die Schnecke 60 sitzt an der Welle 32 und mischt das Gut und die Fasern durch. Auf der Höhe des Fallschachts 56 ist die Welle 32 zusätzlich mit stiftförmigen Fasereinbauwerkzeugen 62 bestückt. Wie Figur 1 zu entnehmen, folgen diese Stifte 62 axial mit Abstand aufeinander. Sie sind über den Umfang der Welle 32 verteilt, wobei auf gleicher axialer Höhe beispielsweise drei winkelversetzte Stifte 62 angeordnet sein können. Dies ist in Figur 7 illustriert; die Schnecke 60 ist dabei der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt. Die Stifte 62 stehen im wesentlichen radial von der Welle 32 ab, und sie sind in Umfangsrichtung gekrümmt, und zwar entgegen der Drehrichtung der Welle 32. Mit diesen Stiften 62 erfolgt ein schonender, gleichmäßiger Einbau der Fasern in das Gut.The material conveyed by the device is taken up downstream of the combs 52, 54 by a spiral axial screw 60 which extends under the chute 56 and through the conical end part 18 up to the dispensing opening 20. The screw 60 sits on the shaft 32 and mixes the material and the fibers. At the level of the chute 56, the shaft 32 is additionally equipped with pin-shaped fiber installation tools 62. As can be seen in FIG. 1, these pins 62 follow one another axially at a distance. They are distributed over the circumference of the shaft 32, it being possible, for example, to arrange three angularly offset pins 62 at the same axial height. This is illustrated in Figure 7; the screw 60 is not shown for the sake of clarity. The pins 62 protrude essentially radially from the shaft 32, and they are curved in the circumferential direction, namely counter to the direction of rotation of the shaft 32. With these pins 62, the fibers are carefully and uniformly installed in the material.

Stromab von dem Fallschacht 56 schließt sich das konische, zu der Ausgabeöffnung 20 hin sich verjüngende Rohrendteil 18 an. Der in diesem Endteil 18 enthaltene Abschnitt der Schnecke 60 verjüngt sich entsprechend. Durch diese Formgebung erreicht man einen schonenden, besonders intensiven Einbau der Fasern.Downstream of the chute 56, the conical pipe end part 18 tapers towards the discharge opening 20. The section of the screw 60 contained in this end part 18 tapers accordingly. This shape enables gentle, particularly intensive installation of the fibers.

Die Vorrichtung ist segmentiert. Das konische Endteil 18 ist ein abnehmbares Teil, das mit dem Rohr 10 über einen Schnellverschluß 64 verbunden ist. Das Rohr 10 ist seinerseits mit einem entsprechenden, nicht näher dargestellten Schnellverschluß an dem Vorratsbehälter 12 angebracht. Man kann so das Gehäuse der Vorrichtung zu Reinigungszwecken leicht demontieren. Die Welle 32 ist mindestens von der Mischzone bis zu der Ausgabeöffnung 20 einstückig. Der Wellenabschnitt im Innern des Vorratsbehälters 12 kann ein separates Teil sein, an dem sich die Welle 32 in einer drehfesten Verbindung lösbar festlegen läßt.The device is segmented. The conical end part 18 is a removable part which is connected to the tube 10 via a quick-release fastener 64. The tube 10 is in turn attached to the reservoir 12 with a corresponding quick-release fastener, not shown. You can easily dismantle the housing of the device for cleaning purposes. The shaft 32 is in one piece at least from the mixing zone to the discharge opening 20. The shaft section in the interior of the storage container 12 can be a separate part on which the shaft 32 can be detachably fixed in a rotationally fixed connection.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann mit oder ohne Zugabe von Anmachwasser zur Herstellung von faserbewehrten hydraulisch abbindenden Massen Verwendung finden.The device according to the invention can be used with or without the addition of mixing water for the production of fiber-reinforced hydraulically setting compositions.

Die Zugabe von Wasser erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels einer Wasserpumpe 66 über eine Dosiereinheit 68. Von dieser gelangt das Wasser über eine Leitung 70, in der ein Hahn 72 und eine Druckme- ßuhr 74 liegen, an den Wasseranschluß 14.Water is preferably added by means of a water pump 66 via a metering unit 68. From this the water reaches the water connection 14 via a line 70, in which a tap 72 and a pressure gauge 74 are located.

Die Vorrichtung hat eine Steuereinheit 76 mit einer Zeitverzögerungsschaltung, die bei Inbetriebnahme und Abschaltung der Vorrichtung wirksam wird. Bei Inbetriebnahme läuft die Dosier- und Mischwelle 32 mit einem Vorlauf relativ zu dem Faserschneidwerk 16 an. Dabei gibt es zwei unterschiedlich lange Vorlaufperioden, die durch Knopfdruck gewält werden können. Eine längere Vorlaufperiode von beispielsweise ca. 8 Sekunden wird bei erstmaliger Inbetriebnahme der Vorrichtung, nach Demontage und Reinigung usw. verwendet, d.h. in einem Betriebszustand mit leerem Rohr 10. Man trägt so der Tatsache Rechnung, daß von der Dosierung des Guts aus dem Vorratsbehälter 12 bis zum Erreichen der Faserzugabestelle eine gewisse Laufzeit erforderlich ist. Nach einem kurzzeitigen Abschalten der Vorrichtung, das dank der Trennung von Trockenzone und Naßzone problemlos möglich ist, wird hingegen die kürzere Vorlaufperiode der Dosier- und Mischwelle 32 relativ zu dem Faserschneidwerk 16 gewählt, die beispielsweise ca. eine Sekunde betragen kann. Beim Abschalten der Vorrichtung wird zunächst immer das Faserschneidwerk gestoppt, während die Welle 32 kurze Zeit nachläuft, beispielsweise ebenfalls ca. eine Sekunde.The device has a control unit 76 with a time delay circuit which takes effect when the device is started up and switched off. When commissioning, the metering and mixing shaft 32 starts up with a lead relative to the fiber cutting unit 16. There are two different lead times that can be selected at the push of a button. A longer lead time of, for example, about 8 seconds is used when the device is started up for the first time, after disassembly and cleaning, etc. in an operating state with an empty tube 10. This takes into account the fact that a certain runtime is required from the metering of the material from the storage container 12 until the fiber addition point is reached. After a brief switch-off of the device, which is easily possible thanks to the separation of the drying zone and the wet zone, the shorter lead time of the metering and mixing shaft 32 relative to the fiber cutting unit 16 is selected, which can be, for example, approximately one second. When the device is switched off, the fiber cutting mechanism is always stopped first, while the shaft 32 continues to run for a short time, for example also about a second.

Bei Herstellung einer mit Wasser angemachten Mischung startet man die Wasserzufuhr zugleich mit dem Anlaufen der Dosier- und Mischwelle 32. Es ist eine Sicherheitsschaltung vorgesehen, die den Wasserdruck überwacht, und einen Betrieb der Vorrichtung bei nicht ausreichendem Wasserdruck verhindert. Weiter wird die ordnungsgemäße Funktion des Schneidwerks 16 überwacht, damit es nicht durch Einziehen ungeschnittener Fasern zu Betriebsstörungen kommt. Das Schneidwerk 16 enthält eine Walze, die pneumatisch gesteuert die Faserstränge gegen rotierende Schneidmesser drückt. Bei nicht ausreichendem pneumatischem Arbeitsdruck erfolgt eine Abschaltung.When producing a mixture mixed with water, the water supply is started at the same time as the metering and mixing shaft 32 starts. A safety circuit is provided which monitors the water pressure and prevents the device from operating when the water pressure is insufficient. Furthermore, the proper functioning of the cutting unit 16 is monitored so that operational disruptions do not occur due to the drawing in of uncut fibers. The cutting unit 16 contains a roller, which presses the fiber strands against rotating cutting knives in a pneumatically controlled manner. If the pneumatic working pressure is insufficient, the system is switched off.

Die Vorrichtung erlaubt eine kontinuierliche Herstellung von Faserbeton mit einstellbarem Faseranteil und vorgebbarer Faserlänge in einem Mischverfahren, das einen stetigen Materialstrom von gleichbleibender und ausgezeichnet reproduzierbarer Zusammensetzung liefert. Das Material kann direkt in Formen, Schalungen usw. gegeben werden, beispielsweise um dünnwandige Formkörper von hoher Stabilität herzustellen. Weitere Anwendungsgebiete sind die Herstellung zementgebundener Rohrbeschichtungen, Faserputze, Bodenbeläge u.a.m. Vielfältige Einsatzmöglichkeiten bietet schließlich die Bausanierung.The device allows continuous production of fiber concrete with an adjustable fiber content and a predeterminable fiber length in a mixing process that delivers a steady stream of material with a constant and excellently reproducible composition. The material can be placed directly in molds, formwork, etc., for example to produce thin-walled moldings with high stability. Other areas of application are the production of cement-bound pipe coatings, fiber plasters, floor coverings, etc. Finally, building renovation offers a variety of possible uses.

Claims (15)

1. Apparatus for the continuous supply of fibre- containing hydraulically setting composition, in particular wet mortar or dry mortar, having a housing (10) which is at least partially in the shape of a cylindrical tube and which has one behind the other, as seen in the conveying direction, a charging point for dry material, a mixing zone, a fibre input point and an output opening (20), and having a shaft (32) which is driven in rotation in the housing (10) and which creates a conveying flow through the housing (10) and carries in the region of the charging point for dry material a metering worm (34) and in the region of the fibre input point a mixing worm (60), characterized in that the shaft (32) carries in the region of the fibre input point and in addition to the mixing worm (60) at least one further fibre incorporation means (62).
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mixing worm (60) is constructed as a spiral axial worm, and in that there is provided as the fibre incorporation means a number of pins (62) which are spaced substantially radially from the shaft (32) and are preferably curved in the peripheral direction in opposition to the direction of rotation of the shaft (32).
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaft (32) carries in the mixing zone a number of mixing impellers (40, 46) spaced substantially radially and is equipped in a fine comminution zone between the mixing zone and the fibre input point with at least one tool for fine comminution.
4. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tool for fine comminution comprises at least one comb carried by the shaft (32) and in engagement with at least one further comb (54) arranged fixed on the housing.
5. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the combs (52, 54) extend in the axial direction and have substantially radially directed teeth.
6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by a plurality of combs (52, 54) preferably arranged at the same angular spacing and offset in the peripheral direction.
7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mixing impellers (40) are equipped with strippers (42) which bear against the inner wall of the tube, which extend in particular in the axial direction and which may be mounted at the ends of a respective pair of mixing impellers (40).
8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has at the charging point for dry material a bin (12) constructed in particular as a mountable case or silo'connection, in the outlet region (20) whereof the housing (10) has a central cross sectional narrowing, through which the shaft (32) protrudes with the metering worm (34), and in that the mixing impellers (40) are equipped with strippers (42, 44) bearing against the end face (48) of the cross sectional narrowing.
9. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a chute (56) opening into the housing (10) is located at the fibre input point and upstream thereof is a fibre cutting mechanism (16), preferably regulatable with respect to the quantity and/or cut length of fibres supplied.
10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing tapers conically downstream of the chute (56) towards the output opening (20) and contains a conveyor worm section (60) seated on the shaft (32) and conically tapering in corresponding manner.
11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has a pump (66) for the metered infeed of water.
12. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the housing has in the region of the mixing zone on the motor side a peripheral water connection (14) whose spraying direction is preferably pointed at least slightly downstream.
13. Process for the operation and control unit of the apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shaft (32) is started with an advance-running interval with respect to fibre infeed and is stopped with an after-running interval with respect to fibre infeed.
14. Process and control unit according to Claim 13, characterized by two selectable advance-running periods of the shaft (32), whereof the longer one is used for initial start-up and the other, shorter one is used for starting up again after a brief interruption.
15. Control unit according to Claim 14 or 15, characterized by a safety apparatus which monitors the water pressure and/or suitable operating parameters, for example the pneumatic operating pressure of the fibre cutting mechanism (16).
EP86111814A 1985-09-13 1986-08-26 Device and method for continuously making a hydraulically setting mass Expired - Lifetime EP0218864B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT86111814T ATE54597T1 (en) 1985-09-13 1986-08-26 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS DELIVERY OF HYDRAULICALLY SETTING MASS.

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DE3532722 1985-09-13
DE19853546501 DE3546501A1 (en) 1985-09-13 1985-09-13 Device for the continuous supply of hydraulically setting composition
DE19853532722 DE3532722A1 (en) 1985-09-13 1985-09-13 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS PROVISION OF HYDRAULIC SETTING MATERIAL

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EP0218864A2 EP0218864A2 (en) 1987-04-22
EP0218864A3 EP0218864A3 (en) 1987-08-05
EP0218864B1 true EP0218864B1 (en) 1990-07-18

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EP (1) EP0218864B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6262709A (en)
CA (1) CA1278567C (en)
DE (2) DE3546501A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA866723B (en)

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DE3532722A1 (en) 1987-03-26
ZA866723B (en) 1987-05-27
EP0218864A3 (en) 1987-08-05
DE3546501C2 (en) 1988-04-28
CA1278567C (en) 1991-01-02
DE3546501A1 (en) 1987-04-23
DE3532722C2 (en) 1989-09-28
EP0218864A2 (en) 1987-04-22
US4778276A (en) 1988-10-18
JPS6262709A (en) 1987-03-19

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