EP3645192B1 - Verfahren, giessform und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines fahrzeugrads - Google Patents

Verfahren, giessform und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines fahrzeugrads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3645192B1
EP3645192B1 EP18768857.7A EP18768857A EP3645192B1 EP 3645192 B1 EP3645192 B1 EP 3645192B1 EP 18768857 A EP18768857 A EP 18768857A EP 3645192 B1 EP3645192 B1 EP 3645192B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
casting
casting mold
vehicle wheel
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18768857.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3645192A1 (de
Inventor
Ralf Bux
Friedrich Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BUX, RALF
Entec-Stracon GmbH
KLEIN, FRIEDRICH
Original Assignee
Entec Stracon GmbH
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Publication of EP3645192A1 publication Critical patent/EP3645192A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • B22C9/28—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for wheels, rolls, or rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
    • B22D17/10—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled with horizontal press motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a vehicle wheel from a light metal material, the light metal material being introduced in liquid form into a mold cavity of a casting mold. Furthermore, the invention relates to a casting mold for producing a vehicle wheel from a light metal material, with mold parts forming a mold cavity for receiving the light metal material in liquid form, and a device for producing a vehicle wheel.
  • the unsprung masses are the basis for driving safety and driving comfort with light-alloy wheels for passenger cars, whereby it is crucial that the weight of the wheels is as low as possible. Due to the mass inertia and the rotational moment, the aim is to use light wheels. For this reason, attempts are being made to implement lightweight construction for wheels. On the other hand, there are efforts to reduce weight through the selection of materials. State-of-the-art are currently cast or forged wheels made of aluminum or magnesium alloys, which are manufactured to a very high percentage using the low-pressure die-casting process.
  • a clamping unit consisting of three machine plates, namely a machine shield, a movable platen and a fixed platen, four columns along which the movable platen moves back and forth is movable, and a drive unit for driving the movable platen, usually generate a lock via a hydraulically driven toggle lever or double toggle lever.
  • a mold is patterned with a movable mold half on the movable platen and a fixed mold half on the fixed platen. The necessary locking force is applied via the clamping unit by tensioning the columns between the machine shield and the fixed clamping plate.
  • the fixed platen is followed in the axial direction by a casting unit, with which a melt is poured into a mold cavity formed by the casting mold perpendicular to the parting plane, i.e. perpendicular to the parting plane of the two mold halves, via a casting chamber through the fixed platen and feeding through the solid mold half of the mold.
  • the casting unit has a casting plunger, which is usually hydraulically driven and can be moved in the casting chamber.
  • An ejector unit is integrated behind the moving platen in the clamping unit, which is usually also hydraulically driven in order to be able to move ejector bolts back and forth in the mold. These are passed through the moving platen to scrape the cast parts from the moving mold half after the mold is opened.
  • a core pulling device which on the machine side consists of hydraulic cylinders, for example, which are usually mounted on the moving platen, sometimes also on the fixed platen.
  • the casting process in cold-chamber casting systems runs in four consecutive phases, namely the dosing, the pre-filling phase, the mold-filling phase and the post-pressurizing phase.
  • the dosage can e.g. B. mechanically using a spoon or pressurized gas from a holding furnace via a channel or a riser pipe, as in the so-called Vacural process.
  • the dosing times are typically between 3 s and 15 s, depending on the dosing type and dosing quantity. If the dosing time is relatively long, there is a risk that part of the melt will already solidify in the casting chamber.
  • the plunger speed in the pre-filling phase can typically be adjusted in a range between 0.2 m/s and 0.6 m/s, so that on the one hand the melt is conveyed as quickly as possible and on the other hand air pockets, e.g Waves in the melt, due to spray formation and/or due to reflection in the area of the residual casting should be avoided as far as possible.
  • the casting chamber is filled with melt and the casting plunger conveys the melt close to the gate.
  • the mold filling phase is as short as possible; its duration is usually between 5 ms and 60 ms.
  • the plunger moves the melt at high speed, typically adjustable in a range of up to 10 m/s and more.
  • the conversion of the kinetic energy into a pressure pulse results in high pressures, so that there is a risk of the mold rupturing.
  • Modern casting machines therefore have means to absorb the kinetic energy towards the end of the filling phase.
  • a holding pressure of 300 bar to 1500 bar, in some cases even more is usually set via a multiplier in a cold chamber casting system.
  • the melt solidifies under the hold pressure and air trapped during mold filling is compressed under the static hold pressure.
  • the proportion of air trapped under the holding pressure in the volume porosity is small.
  • the volume porosity usually consists of blowholes, the cause of which is insufficient replenishment of a shrinkage-related portion of the melt during the transition from liquid to solid.
  • the gates are usually thin-walled in relation to the wall thickness of the castings, which means that the melt is still liquid in some areas of the casting, while it is already partially to completely solidified in the gate area, which is another disadvantage no longer possible or at least made more difficult.
  • the formation of a hardened edge shell in the shot sleeve after dosing means that part of the melt is not available either for filling the mold or for refilling the proportion caused by shrinkage in the mold cavity. Squeezing out residual melt from the casting residue area for replenishment requires a high level of holding pressure.
  • the high pressures require a relatively large thickness of the fixed platen and consequently a correspondingly long casting chamber, which in turn limits the degree of filling in the casting chamber to typically 15% to at most about 70%, with a correspondingly large air volume in the casting chamber.
  • the conventional orientation of the casting unit relative to the closing unit means that the melt has relatively long flow paths in the casting chamber and in the casting system, and the casting system or the anvil often has to be bent.
  • the application of high pressures can also lead to elastic deformation of the solidified casting residue and the casting chamber in the casting residue area and thus to jamming of the casting residue in the casting chamber, so that high opening forces may be required to tear the casting residue out of the casting chamber. This can lead to high and/or premature wear of the casting chamber and the casting plunger. Also, sticking of the casting residue in the casting chamber often results in the application of an excessive amount of piston lubricant, which can lead to inclusions in the casting.
  • the JP H01 237067 A describes preventing a casting defect by varying the thermal conductivity of a mold according to the thickness of a wheel to be cast.
  • U.S. 6,763,879 B1 discloses a mold temperature control system having a mold section with a cavity, a fluid circuit for distributing a flow of a conditioning fluid, and a temperature sensor located in the mold.
  • the U.S. 2017/120322 A1 provides a water-cooled mold for casting aluminum alloy wheels and a manufacturing method therefor.
  • the water-cooled mold is provided with first type water cooling passages with high heat exchange efficiency and second type water cooling passages with low heat exchange efficiency.
  • the method according to the invention offers the best prerequisites for meeting the increased demands mentioned for the methods and systems known from the prior art.
  • pressurized casting instead of the previously used low-pressure mold casting for vehicle wheels with its limited possibilities or the conventional cold chamber casting process for other cast parts with its current procedural disadvantages
  • system-related design can also be carried out as lightweight construction and process optimization.
  • the temperature control of the casting mold according to the invention leads to a very rapid and complete filling of the mold cavity, with segregation of the liquid light metal material being avoided.
  • the solution according to the invention enables a desired temperature level within the mold cavity, so that not only the uneven heating of the casting mold but also the associated deformation of the casting chamber is avoided and thus the early solidification of the molten light metal material is prevented in certain areas.
  • the piston forces can also be reduced in this way.
  • the method according to the invention enables very small wall thicknesses or wall thicknesses of up to 1 mm and in certain cases even less in certain areas of the vehicle wheel. Due to the possible reduction in wall thickness, a vehicle wheel can be designed that has significantly better properties in terms of crash behavior than known vehicle wheels. In particular, the vehicle wheel manufactured using the method according to the invention can be optimized for a desired crash behavior.
  • the visible side of the vehicle wheel can be designed to be almost completely closed, without the weight of the vehicle wheel being significantly increased.
  • the aerodynamics of the vehicle wheel can be significantly improved.
  • openings for example to ventilate a vehicle brake, can also be integrated into such a visible side.
  • a structure increasing the strength of the vehicle wheel can be located within such a disk-like design of the visible side.
  • a further advantage resulting from the use of the method is the low draft angle of up to 1 degree and less, which results in previously unknown stylistic design options for the vehicle wheel. Furthermore, very fine surfaces with a very small radius of 1 mm or less can be displayed.
  • the method according to the invention reduces the casting time considerably and enables a virtually burr-free casting, with less use of raw materials and less energy being required. Furthermore, the rapid casting and solidification with cast skin means that artificial aging that would otherwise be required can be completely or partially eliminated.
  • the vehicle wheel produced using the method according to the invention has a low level of distortion, which also enables the fine gradations required for burnishing to be carried out.
  • the lightweight construction that can be achieved with the method according to the invention increases the range of motor vehicles equipped with such vehicle wheels, which contributes to reducing the burden on the environment.
  • the liquid light metal material is introduced into the mold cavity at a high speed of more than 5 m/s.
  • a mold according to the invention for manufacturing a vehicle wheel is specified in claim 2.
  • the casting mold according to the invention enables a very simple setting of different temperature ranges within the casting mold, so that the vehicle wheel to be cast in each case can be produced under the optimum conditions in each case.
  • the casting mold according to the invention can be of relatively simple design and is always kept at the set temperatures by means of the temperature control devices.
  • At least one of the mold parts has a plurality of adjustment elements for adjusting the mold part to different temperatures acting on the casting mold.
  • these tuning elements at least one of the mold parts and thus the entire casting mold can be very well matched to one another with regard to the fitting together of the individual components, since the tuning elements are suitable for compensating for tolerances between the individual components of the casting mold. It also allows the mold to be used at temperatures other than those for which it was originally designed, resulting in a substantial cost reduction.
  • the tuning elements can also be made of different materials and compensate for the different sizes of the components involved, depending on the production of the molded part and the heat input into the molded part.
  • the tuning elements can either insulate the heat or transfer the heat in a targeted manner, so that in addition to the production of the molded part and the heat input into the molded part, the different sizes are compensated and an insulating effect is achieved or heat is transferred. Furthermore, the tuning elements are able to absorb and/or dampen the impacts and/or forces introduced, in addition to the size compensation.
  • the temperature control devices are designed as pressurized water circuits, electric heating cartridges and/or pressurized oil circuits. If the molded parts and/or insert parts and/or venting elements connected to the molded parts are made of different materials, the heat dissipation and/or the heat inflow can be controlled in a relatively simple manner.
  • the temperature control devices are in operative connection with a control device for controlling and/or regulating the temperatures of the temperature-controlled areas. In this way, the temperatures of the individual areas of the mold cavity or the casting mold can be controlled or regulated very easily.
  • an advantageous development can consist in the fact that at least two mold parts that are movable in relation to one another are provided.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can consist in that at least one of the mold parts has several adjustment elements for adjusting the mold part to different temperatures acting on the casting mold.
  • these tuning elements at least one of the mold parts and thus the entire casting mold can be very well matched to one another with regard to the fitting together of the individual components, since the tuning elements are suitable for compensating for tolerances between the individual components of the casting mold. It also allows the mold to be used at temperatures other than those for which it was originally designed, resulting in a substantial cost reduction.
  • the tuning elements can also be made of different materials and compensate for the different sizes of the components involved, depending on the production of the molded part and the heat input into the molded part.
  • the tuning elements can either insulate the heat or transfer the heat in a targeted manner, so that in addition to the production of the molded part and the heat input into the molded part, the different sizes are compensated and an insulating effect is achieved or heat is transferred. Furthermore, the tuning elements are able to absorb and/or dampen the impacts and/or forces introduced, in addition to the size compensation.
  • a surface change in the form of a temperature-controlled labyrinth-like structure and/or at least one cross-sectional change and/or at least one deflection is provided in a ventilation area of the mold cavity of the casting mold.
  • the device which can be designed, for example, in the form of a casting plant, can be used particularly advantageously for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • At least one of the mold parts of the casting mold can be moved in the closing direction of the casting mold relative to another mold part by means of at least one guide element that does not belong to the casting mold.
  • at least one guide element that does not belong to the casting mold.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can consist in the fact that the molded parts are thermally separated from the same moving guide elements. In this way, excessive heating of the guide elements is prevented, so that they cannot become distorted and a high level of accuracy is achieved when moving the components of the device and faults are avoided.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the device can consist in the fact that at least two of the mold parts can be moved by means of respective gripping elements in a direction perpendicular to the closing direction. This allows the casting mold to be opened and closed very quickly, as a result of which the productivity of the device according to the invention can be increased considerably.
  • a simple and quick connection of the molded parts to the guide and/or gripping elements results when at least one of the molded parts can be connected to the at least one guiding element and/or to the gripping elements by means of quick-connection devices.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can consist in the fact that at least one vacuum unit is provided for sucking air out of the mold cavity.
  • This vacuum unit enables the air to be sucked out of the mold cavity quickly and easily so that it can be filled with the liquid light metal material.
  • the Figures 1 to 9 show different views of a device 1 for the production of in the Figures 6 to 9 illustrated vehicle wheel 2 by means of pressurized casting.
  • the vehicle wheel 2 can have any desired size and shape. That in the Figures 6 to 9
  • the vehicle wheel 2 to be recognized is therefore to be regarded as purely exemplary.
  • a light metal material preferably an aluminum or magnesium material, is used for casting the vehicle wheel 2 under pressure.
  • Light metal materials that are known per se and are suitable for the method described below for producing the vehicle wheel 2 can be used for this purpose.
  • the device 1 has a mold 3, which is in the representation of Figures 1, 2 and 3 is in a closed position.
  • the mold 3 has four mold parts, namely a rigid or immovable mold half 4, a movable mold half 5, an upper slide 6 and a lower slide 7.
  • the mold parts of the mold 3 can be accommodated with or without a zero point system and they can have a very smooth and high-quality surface that does not have to be treated with a sizing or the like, or only to a very small extent, so that the surface quality of the vehicle wheel 2 is very high.
  • the mold 3 can also have more than the four mold parts described and illustrated herein.
  • the movable mold parts ie the movable mold half 5, the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7 are by means of respective guide elements described below from the in the Figures 1, 2 and 3 shown state in the states according to Figures 4 and 5 , 6 and 7 such as 8 and 9 bringable. All of these guide elements described below are part of the device 1 and do not belong to the mold 3.
  • the closing direction of the casting mold 3 indicated by the arrow "x" and counter to this closing direction x are used by several horizontally running guide columns 8, which are mounted on the one hand on a movable clamping plate 9 and on the other hand on a rear machine plate 10, which forms a counter bearing.
  • the movable platen 9 which is also a guide element for the casting mold 3, against the closing direction x, the movable mold half becomes 5 of her in 1 position shown in the in 4 shown position.
  • the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7 are also moved relative to the rigid mold half 4 counter to the closing direction x.
  • the guide columns 8 form a guide for the movable platen 9 and absorb the horizontal closing forces during casting.
  • the rigid mold half 4 is attached to a fixed clamping plate 12, which is connected to a casting unit 13, which serves to pour the liquid light metal material into a mold cavity 14 formed between the mold parts of the casting mold 3, which in a manner known per se forms the negative mold of the vehicle wheel to be produced 2 has to initiate.
  • the mold cavity 14 is filled with the liquid light metal material in particular from the outer circumference of the mold cavity 14 .
  • the casting mold 3 is preferably designed in such a way that spraying of the material is avoided when the liquid light metal material is introduced into the mold cavity 14 .
  • the liquid light metal material is introduced into the mold cavity 14 at a relatively low pressure of up to 100 bar or slightly more.
  • the locking force is also generated by the movable platen 9 and the fixed platen 12, on which the movable platen 9 is supported.
  • the drive elements or devices used to move the movable platen 9 can have, for example, hydraulic cylinders and/or toggle lever or positive-locking elements.
  • the casting mold 3 can be clamped by means of manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic clamping elements via positive and/or non-positive locking.
  • the fixed platen 12 can have a mold spraying device (not shown) and/or an integrated pressure medium system.
  • the upper slide 6 can be moved from its in 1 or. 4 position shown in the in 6 be brought to the position shown, in which the upper slide 6 has been moved relative to the movable mold half 5 vertically upwards.
  • the lower slider 7 by means of a lower gripping member 16 from its in the figures 1 and 4 shown position to its in 6 position shown are shifted relative to the movable mold half 5 down.
  • the gripping elements 15 and 16 and the movable platen 9 can be manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operate.
  • the two gripping elements 15 and 16 also represent guide elements for the casting mold 3.
  • the guide elements for moving the mold parts of the casting mold 3 can also be equipped with a pressure medium in a manner that is not shown.
  • the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7 are moved in the vertical direction, it would also be possible to separate the casting mold 3 in the region of the two slides 6 and 7 in the vertical direction and accordingly to move the two slides in the horizontal direction .
  • the two gripping elements 15 and 16 would be left and right gripping elements.
  • the two slides 6 and 7 are preferably moved by means of respective gripping elements 15 and 16 in a direction perpendicular to the closing direction x.
  • the light metal material is introduced into the mold cavity 14 of the casting mold 3 in liquid form by means of the casting unit 13 .
  • This introduction of the liquid light metal material takes place at a high speed of more than 5 m/s. This high speed is achieved by a corresponding movement of a piston (not shown) of the casting unit 13 .
  • the vehicle wheel 2 is produced by means of pressurized casting, with the casting mold 3 being tempered to different temperatures in different areas. This different tempering of the casting mold 3 will be described in more detail at a later point in time using an example.
  • the mold 3 is heated to high temperatures in areas where the vehicle wheel 2 has a small cross section, and the mold 3 is heated to low temperatures in areas where the vehicle wheel 2 has a large cross section.
  • the solidification behavior of the liquid light metal material can be controlled or adjusted, even though the vehicle wheel 2 has very different cross sections.
  • an area in which the casting mold 3 is vented is tempered to a significantly lower temperature than the other areas of the casting mold 3 . This area, in which the mold 3 is vented, will also be described in more detail at a later point in time.
  • the mold parts of the casting mold 3, ie the rigid mold half 4, the movable mold half 5, the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7, can consist entirely or partially of different materials.
  • the selection of the materials of the individual molded parts take place as a function of the temperatures to be set when tempering the casting mold 3 .
  • the mold parts are moved apart in the manner described above in order to open the casting mold 3 .
  • the cast part produced by the method i.e. the vehicle wheel 2
  • the ejector unit 17 has a hydraulic unit 18 which provides for the movement of the ejector unit 17 in a manner known per se.
  • the mold 3 can be moved in the reverse direction, ie from the state according to FIG Figures 8 and 9 about the state according to the Figures 6 and 7 , the state according to Figures 4 and 5 in the state according to Figures 1, 2 and 3 be brought to the next vehicle wheel 2 by introducing the liquid light metal material into the mold cavity 14 to produce.
  • the vehicle wheel 2 shown can, of course, be connected to a tire (not shown) to be filled with air or gas.
  • the vehicle wheel 2 can also consist of several individual parts, which can likewise be produced using the method described here.
  • the figures 10 , 11 and 12 show an exemplary embodiment of the casting mold 3.
  • the rigid mold half 4, the movable mold half 5, the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7 can be seen.
  • the upper gripping element 15 and the lower gripping element 16 can also be seen from these figures.
  • the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7 are connected to the upper gripping element 15 and the lower gripping element 16, respectively, by means of quick-connection devices 19 and 20, respectively, with which a quick connection of the guide elements belonging to the device 1 to the mold parts belonging to the mold 3 in order to ensure quick opening and closing of the mold 3 by moving the mold parts relative to each other as described above.
  • the temperature control devices are preferably pressurized water circuits, of which 10 several bores 22 can be seen for electric heating cartridges 23 and pressure oil circuits, of which 10 also several holes 24 are shown. If necessary, other heating or cooling elements can also be used as temperature control devices.
  • the temperature control devices ie the pressurized water circuits, the electric heating cartridges 23 and/or the pressure oil circuits are connected to one 10 also shown control device 25 connected, so that the temperatures of the tempered by the tempering areas can be controlled and / or regulated.
  • the control device 25 can also be operatively connected to temperature sensors, not shown, which measure the actual temperature of the individual parts of the casting mold 3 and thus enable the temperature to be set correctly.
  • the control device 25 is also able to monitor the molded part or mold zone temperatures in addition to other process data and/or geographic data and/or other monitoring information and to transmit them to a higher-level system, for example a machine controller.
  • the mold 3 can be temperature-controlled during production and/or for preheating, with all influencing parameters, such as different thermal expansions of the components involved, being able to be monitored and controlled based on the different temperatures and thermal expansion coefficients of the molded parts.
  • the temperature control of the casting mold 3 can of course be designed differently for each individual casting mold and thus for each individual vehicle wheel 2 to be produced with the casting mold 3 or the device 1 .
  • Aggregates 26 are shown very schematically, which are used to supply the temperature control devices for temperature control of the casting mold 3 and which are integrated into the device 1.
  • the units 26 are shown as being integrated into the rails 11 .
  • the aggregates 26 can also be located or attached at other positions within the device 1 .
  • a vacuum unit 27 is shown, which is used to suck air out of the mold cavity 14 .
  • the negative pressure unit 27, with which a corresponding negative pressure is generated, is also integrated into the device 1 and is again shown purely by way of example in the rails 11.
  • the connection of the units 26 to the temperature control devices and the connection of the vacuum unit 27 to the mold cavity 14 are not shown in the figures; this can be done in a wide variety of ways that are familiar to a person skilled in the art.
  • 11 shows a perspective view of a part of the casting mold 3, in which the upper slide 6, the lower slide 7, the movable mold half 5, the control device 25 and part of the mold cavity 14 can be seen.
  • the two gripping elements 15 and 16 and their connection to the two slides 6 and 7 are also in 11 clearly visible.
  • at least one of the molded parts in the present case both the upper slide 6 and the lower slide 7, has a plurality of tuning elements 28 with which the molded parts can be matched to one another.
  • the two slides 6 and 7 are set to the in 11 not shown rigid mold half 4 tuned. As a result, tolerance deviations that inevitably occur during the manufacture of the individual molded parts can be compensated for.
  • tuning elements 28 are used to set the mold parts of the casting mold 3 to different temperatures acting on the casting mold 3 .
  • the tuning elements 28, which can also be referred to as insert parts, can consist of a different material than the slides 6 or 7 in or on which they are arranged.
  • the tuning elements 28 which have a wide variety of strengths and can also be designed as tuning cylinders, it is possible to tune the mold 3 in the separating areas between the mold parts of the mold 3 in such a way that all mold parts of the same remain closed even under explosive pressure to prevent leakage to prevent the liquid light metal material.
  • This allows the mold parts of the mold 3 with their Temperature zones are set so that in the manufacture of the vehicle wheels 2, in addition to the technological and economic demands that inevitably arise with vehicle wheels 2, the technological and economic design of the mold 3 in connection with the problems that arise with conventional molds, concern will be carried.
  • the tuning elements 28 can also be revised or exchanged, so that a reliable sealing of the casting mold 3 is ensured.
  • a view of another part of the casting mold 3 is shown, namely the rigid mold half 4.
  • This has a venting area 29 adjoining the mold cavity 14, to which the air in the mold cavity 14 at the beginning of the casting process can escape.
  • the ventilation area is, as already mentioned, heated to a significantly lower temperature than the other areas of the casting mold 3 .
  • a temperature-controlled, labyrinthine structure 30 is provided in the venting area 29 , which makes it difficult for the liquid light metal material to exit the mold cavity 14 .
  • the area 29 can also have cross-sectional changes, surface enlargements or surface reductions and/or deflections.
  • the ventilation area 29 or a ventilation element forming the ventilation area 29 can consist of a different material than the other components of the casting mold 3.
  • copper materials such as brass or bronze can be used for the ventilation area 29.
  • the same or similar ventilation areas as the ventilation area 29 can also be located at other points of the mold cavity 14 .
  • the ventilation area 29, which can also be referred to as a ventilation unit, enables a system that slows down the liquid light metal material in itself through its own heat management in connection with the described geometric shape, so that, depending on the requirement, variable with full cross-section or reduced cross-section over one or more Bores 31 can be specifically controlled a connection to the vacuum unit 27 in order to be able to realize short ventilation distances in this way.
  • Some of these ventilation areas 29 can also be provided with a vacuum valve connection or can also be used without a subsequent vacuum connection in order to serve the casting mold 3 wholly or partially as an overflow.
  • a closed belt or ring 32 can also be seen, which is formed by offsetting the planes of the rigid mold half 4 .
  • the tuning elements 28 rest against the ring 32 in order to ensure that the casting mold 3 is sealed.
  • the ring 32 thus absorbs the forces occurring during casting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
EP18768857.7A 2017-09-11 2018-09-10 Verfahren, giessform und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines fahrzeugrads Active EP3645192B1 (de)

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CN112643012A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-04-13 宁波猎知乐科技咨询有限公司 一种快速环保后处理的汽车配件铸造模具
CN112247108A (zh) * 2020-10-23 2021-01-22 湖北辉煌机械制造有限责任公司 一种卧式自动脱模浇铸机
KR102408117B1 (ko) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-15 명화공업주식회사 차압 주조 장치
DE102021101003A1 (de) 2021-01-19 2022-07-21 Entec-Stracon Gmbh Gießform zum Gießen eines Fahrzeugrads und Verfahren zum Gießen eines Fahrzeugrads
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BR112020004687B1 (pt) 2023-11-07
KR20200052931A (ko) 2020-05-15
PT3645192T (pt) 2023-03-15
BR112020004687A2 (pt) 2020-09-15
CN111344089A (zh) 2020-06-26
PL3645192T3 (pl) 2023-09-04
US20200269312A1 (en) 2020-08-27
ES2939965T3 (es) 2023-04-28
KR102572011B1 (ko) 2023-08-29
MX2020002688A (es) 2020-09-09
WO2019048675A1 (de) 2019-03-14
JP2020533182A (ja) 2020-11-19
JP7247198B2 (ja) 2023-03-28

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