EP3553228B1 - Joint à goupille pour sections de rail de sécurité barrière de sécurité routière et barrière de sécurité routière comprenant un tel joint à goupille - Google Patents

Joint à goupille pour sections de rail de sécurité barrière de sécurité routière et barrière de sécurité routière comprenant un tel joint à goupille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3553228B1
EP3553228B1 EP19167830.9A EP19167830A EP3553228B1 EP 3553228 B1 EP3553228 B1 EP 3553228B1 EP 19167830 A EP19167830 A EP 19167830A EP 3553228 B1 EP3553228 B1 EP 3553228B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guardrail
sections
bolt
section
cotter
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Active
Application number
EP19167830.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3553228A1 (fr
Inventor
Dawid PAlkowski
Marcin Piechnik
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Stalprodukt SA
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Stalprodukt SA
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Publication of EP3553228A1 publication Critical patent/EP3553228A1/fr
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0407Metal rails
    • E01F15/0423Details of rails
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0484Installing; Repairing; Adjusting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cotter joint of guardrail sections of a safety traffic barrier comprising at least one bolt having a transverse through hole of a longitudinal axis nonparallel relative to the longitudinal axis of the bolt and a resisting head, wherein the bolt extends through mounting openings of the connecting end sections of the guardrail sections which overlap with each other and adjoin with each other by means of internal contact surfaces, wherein the mounting openings correspond to each other and substantially coincide with each other, wherein the transverse through hole of the bolt is located at the side of the guardrail sections which overlap with each other, opposite relative to the resisting head, and a locking cotter which is disposed in a transverse through hole of the bolt and tightens the guardrail sections, which overlap with each other, against the resisting head of the bolt.
  • the present invention relates also to a safety traffic barrier comprising such a cotter joint.
  • a safety traffic barrier is a safety device for traffic that is commonly disposed in dangerous locations for an absorption of an energy of a possible collision of a vehicle driving a road. Such a barrier constitutes also a physical obstacle that in a case of striking it by a vehicle may make a threat for health or life of traffic participants.
  • the fundamental object of a safety traffic barrier is thus to provide a protection of health and life of traffic participants and providing safety for persons and buildings located in road surroundings.
  • a typical known safety traffic barrier comprises a number of substantially vertical posts fixed to the ground and a number of substantially horizontal shape guardrails mounted on the posts.
  • Guardrails are comprised of a number of sections connected with each other by inserting end sections of adjacent guardrail sections one into another and typically screwing them together in the area of these end sections.
  • a typical solution of this kind is a cotter joint constructed using typical longitudinal mounting openings formed in guardrail shapes and typically designed for screw connections with connecting screws.
  • Such known cotter joints comprise bolts with transverse openings passed through typical mounting openings of guardrail sections originally designed for mounting screws, wherein locking cotters are driven into the bolt transverse openings thus clamping the connected end sections of guardrails between them and resisting heads of the bolts.
  • a strength of such known cotter joints proves however to be considerably lower than a strength of screw connections and in many cases may be insufficient for ensuring a required safety level, what may in turn result in a health hazard for traffic participants.
  • Another solution providing quick disassembling of a fragment of a safety traffic barrier marketed as GATE-GUARD@ by MEISER Strassenausstattung GmbH, comprises an opening barrier element that in a case of emergency can be released on one side and swung open at the joint provided on the other side thereof.
  • the object of the present invention has been to provide a cotter joint of a guardrail sections of a safety traffic barrier featuring increased strength and durability as well as a simple and cost-effective construction enabling quick disassembling of such a joint.
  • a cotter joint of guardrail sections of a safety traffic barrier as defined in the outset which is characterized in that the bolt has a cross-section substantially corresponding to the cross-section of the mounting opening of the guardrail sections, and at least one reinforcing plate is mounted on each external non-contact surface of connecting end sections of the guardrail sections which overlap with each other, wherein the reinforcing plate is provided with at least one through hole substantially coincided with the at least one mounting opening of the guardrail section to which this reinforcing plate is mounted.
  • the cross-section of the bolt is substantially precisely matched to the cross-section of the mounting opening of the guardrail section and thus matched to the cross-section of the through hole of the reinforcing plate, in particular matched in such a manner that for the coaxial positioning the bolt in these openings/holes a distance between an external surface of the bolt and an internal surface of these openings/holes in any arbitrary point does not exceed 5 mm, and most preferably 3 mm.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing plate is preferably at least the same as the thickness of the guardrail section wall, and preferably the thickness of the reinforcing plate amounts at least twice the thickness of the guardrail section wall.
  • the cross-section of the bolt and the cross-section of the mounting openings of the guardrail sections have preferably a rectangular shape with rounded corners and the longitudinal axis parallel relative to the longitudinal axis of the guardrail.
  • the reinforcing plates are preferably welded, the most preferably on the whole perimeter thereof, to the guardrail sections.
  • Some preferred embodiments of the cotter joint according to the present invention comprise three bolts, preferably arranged along a straight line parallel relative to the longitudinal axis of the guardrail, cooperating with three locking cotters.
  • the bolt of the cotter joint of the present invention has preferably a tapered end section formed on the bolt end opposite relative to the resisting head.
  • a safety traffic barrier comprising at least two vertical posts on which at least one substantially horizontal guardrail comprised of at least two sections is mounted, wherein the barrier is characterized in that the at least two sections of the guardrail are connected with each other by means of the cotter joint according to the present invention.
  • the first embodiment 1a of a cotter joint of a guardrail 2 sections 21 of a safety traffic barrier as presented in Fig. 1 is a one-point connection.
  • the sections 21 of the guardrail 2 have a form of a three-wall shape comprising two end walls 211 parallel to each other and connected with a transverse wall 212.
  • the guardrail 2 is mounted on posts (not shown) by means of a bottom end wall 211 in which mounting openings (not shown) are formed for inserting appropriate connecting screws fixing the guardrail to the posts.
  • Mounting openings 223 are formed in the connecting end sections 22 of the guardrail 2 sections 21 for creating a cotter joint 1 according to the present invention.
  • the mounting openings 223 are elongated along the longitudinal axis O1 of the guardrail 2 and have a rectangular shape, the shorter sides of which perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis O1 of the guardrail 2, transform into semicircle sections.
  • Reinforcing plates 224 are mounted on external non-contact surfaces 222 of the connecting end sections 22 of the guardrail 2 sections 21 which overlap with each other, in the area of bottom end walls 211, wherein the reinforcing plates 224 have through holes 225 coincided with the mounting openings 223 of the guardrail 2 sections 21.
  • the reinforcing plates 224 are over the whole their perimeters fixed to the bottom end walls 211 of the guardrail 2 section 21 profiles by means of peripheral welded joints 226.
  • the thickness G1 of the reinforcing plate 224 amounts in this example twice the thickness G2 of the guardrail 2 section 21 profile wall, wherein according to the present invention it is sufficient that the thickness G1 of the reinforcing plate 224 is at least equal to the thickness G2 of the guardrail 2 section 21 profile wall.
  • the mounting openings 223 of the cotter joint 1 of the both sections 21 of the guardrail 2 substantially coincide with each other forming, together with the through holes 225 of the reinforcing plates 224, a through channel into which the bolt 3 having a resisting head 31 is inserted from the side of transverse walls 212 of the guardrail 2 section 21 profiles, wherein the resisting head 31 is leaned with its resisting surface 311 against the reinforcing plate 224 disposed at the side of the transverse wall 212.
  • the bolt 3 has a form of a rectangular plate of a cross-section corresponding to a cross-section of the mounting openings 223 of the connecting end sections 22 of the guardrail 2 section 21, and corresponding to a cross-section of the through holes 225 of the reinforcing plates 224.
  • a cross-section of the bolt is according to the present invention substantially precisely matched to the cross-section of the openings/holes 223, 225, and a maximal distance between an external surface of the bolt 3 arranged in a coaxial manner in the openings/holes 223, 225 and an internal surface of these openings/holes in any arbitrary point, does not exceed 5 mm, and preferably 3 mm.
  • the maximal distances T2 between the bolt 3 surface and the opening/hole 223, 225 surfaces in points located on the longitudinal axis of the bolt 3 cross-section are in the range of 2-3 mm
  • the minimal distances T1 between the bolt 3 surface and the opening/hole 223, 225 surfaces existing in points located on longitudinal sides of a rectangular part of the bolt 3 cross-section are in the range 1-1.5 mm (cf. Fig. 5 ).
  • the resisting surface 311 has a shape similar to the shape of the bolt 3 cross-section defined by an edge constituting an envelope curve shifted from this cross-section by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the bolt 3 plate. Generally, the resisting surface 311 is substantially perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis O2 of the bolt 3, wherein in this specific embodiment the resisting surface 311 is slightly angled radially outward relative to the plane perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis O2 of the bolt 3 into the resisting head 31 by an angle ⁇ amounting in this embodiment 6°.
  • a transverse through hole 32 for the locking cotter 4 is formed in the bolt 3.
  • the through hole 32 of the bolt 3 extends along the longitudinal axis O3 oriented nonparallelly, in particular transversely, relative to the longitudinal axis O2 of the bolt 3 and transversely relative to the longitudinal axis O1 of the guardrail 2.
  • Both the locking cotter 4 as well as the transverse through hole 32 have rectangular shapes, the longitudinal axes of which substantially coincide with the longitudinal axis O2 of the bolt 3 and are transverse relative to the longitudinal axis O1 of the guardrail 2, wherein the width S1 of the locking cotter 4 is slightly smaller that the width S2 of the transverse through hole 32 of the bolt 3.
  • the locking bolt 4 has a form of a plate of a right trapezoid shape, wherein the longitudinal side surfaces of the plate slanted relative to each other by an angle ⁇ constitute cottering resisting surfaces 43.
  • An exemplary angle ⁇ of a slant of the cottering surfaces 43 relative to each other amounts in this exemplary embodiment 7°.
  • Internal edges of the transverse through hole 32 are beveled with an angle ⁇ which in this embodiment amounts 9°.
  • the transverse through hole 32 of the bolt 3 is located at the side of the end sections 22 of the guardrail 2 sections 21 which overlap with each other, opposite relative to the resisting head 31.
  • the transverse through hole 32 of the bolt 3 is also partially located in the volume of the reinforcing plate 224 located at the side of this hole, or in another examples it may even reach deeper into the connecting end sections 22 which overlap with each other.
  • a distance D1 of the internal edge of the transverse through hole 32 of the bolt 3 from the resisting surface of the resisting head 31 of the bolt is smaller than a total thickness of the elements which are to be clamped between the locking cotter 4 and the resisting head 31.
  • a total thickness comprises two thicknesses G2 of the bottom end walls 211 of the guardrail 2 sections 21 and two thicknesses G1 of the reinforcing plates 224.
  • Such a direction of the locking cotter 4 insertion is preferable considering an assembling simplicity, but it also prevents against accidental unintentional loosening or even knocking out the cotter, the probability of which is the greatest in a case of an action of a force from the barrier top side to which an access is the easiest.
  • the locking cotters 4 are preferably provided with lines 41 and handles 42, by means of which the cotters may be fixedly connected to a safety traffic barrier, what prevents a loss thereof after a barrier disassembly.
  • Figures Figs. 9-14 present a fragment of a double safety traffic barrier 5 featuring a quick disassembly functionality, in which the second embodiment of the cotter joint 1b according to the present invention is employed.
  • the barrier 5 comprises two guardrails 2 parallel to each other, having a B-profile and fastened opposite each other on the opposite sides of the vertical posts 6 having forms of sigmoid cross-section profiles.
  • the posts 6 are mounted in appropriate sleeves 63 fixed to the ground.
  • the guardrails 2 are comprised of a number of shape sections 21, wherein the sections 2 adjacent to each other overlap with each other by inserting a connecting end section 22 of one section 21 into a connecting end section 22 of the adjacent section 21 corresponding thereto.
  • the B-profile of the guardrail 2 section 21 comprises two end walls 211 parallel relative to each other and coplanar relative to each other, and a central wall 213 parallel to the end walls 211 and transforming at both longitudinal sides thereof into two transverse walls 212 connecting this central wall 213 to the end walls 211.
  • the end walls 211 are provided with edge turnings formed along the free internal edges thereof and projected toward the central wall 213
  • the guardrails 2 are oriented with their end walls 211 facing outward in the direction out from the posts 6, and the central walls 213 of the guardrails 2 are located at the internal side and serve for fastening the guardrails 2 to the posts 6.
  • the cotter joints 1b serve for connecting the adjacent guardrail 2 sections 21 with each other as well as for connecting the guardrail 2 to the posts 6.
  • This cotter joint 1b of the adjacent guardrail 2 sections 21 constitutes the base cotter joint 1a shown in Figs. 1-3 , but implemented as multiplied three times and located in the areas of the central walls 213 of the guardrail 2 sections 21.
  • the cotter joint 1a of Figs. 1-3 may be termed as a one-point connection, whereas the cotter joint 1b of Figs. 9-14 may be termed as a three-point connection.
  • each mounting openings 223 are formed in each connecting end section 22 of the guardrail 2 sections 21 in the central walls 213, wherein the longitudinal axes of the mounting openings 223 are collinear and parallel relative to the longitudinal axis of the guardrail 2.
  • each mounting openings 223 transforms at the non-contact side 222 into the through hole 225, which coincides therewith and has the same cross-section shape and is formed in the reinforcing plate 224.
  • the reinforcing plates 224 are fixed on the non-contact surfaces 222 of the central walls 213 of the sections 21 of the guardrails by means of peripheral welded joints 226.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing plates 224 amounts twice the thickness of the guardrail 2 profile wall.
  • the cotter joint 1b of the adjacent sections 21 of the guardrail 2 in the barrier 5 are constructed in an analogical manner as the cotter joint 1a depicted in Figs. 1-3 .
  • the bolts 3 are inserted into all three through channels formed by these openings/holes 223, 225.
  • the insertion is effected from the external side, i.e. from the side of the end walls toward the posts 6.
  • the locking cotters 4 are driven down into the transverse through holes 32 of the bolts 3.
  • Double brackets 61 are mounted on the posts 6 and the guardrails 2 are mounted on the posts 6.
  • the bracket 61 has a form of a C-shaped profile, which is arranged perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the post 6 and perpendicularly relative to the longitudinal axis of the guardrails 2, i.e. it is arranged horizontally and transversely relative to a line of the barrier 5.
  • the bracket 61 is fastened to the post by means of a connection clip 62 having a form of a semi-closed channel section.
  • connection clip 62 The arms of the connection clip 62 are screwed to the post 6 profile arms, and the bracket 61 is in turn screwed to the web of the connection clip 62.
  • the bracket 61 comprises connecting walls 611, which adjoin the internal reinforcing plates 224 and are provided with through holes, which coincide with the central channels formed by the mounting openings 223 and the through holes 225 of the guardrail 2 sections 21, which overlap with each other. Thanks to that, the inserted bolts 3 extend also through the through holes 612 of the connecting walls 611 of the bracket 61, thus making an access to the transverse through hole 32 of the bolt 3 at the internal side of the connecting walls 611.
  • the one-point cotter joint 1a' according to the present invention, as presented in Figs. 1-3 , is used for connecting the guardrail 2 sections 21 in central parts of the sections 21 to the posts 6. This connection constitutes the middle part of the three-point cotter joint 1b with the bracket 61.
  • FIG. 19a-c Another preferred embodiment of a bolt 3c of a cotter joint according to the present invention is illustrated in Figs. 19a-c .
  • the bolt 3c is provided with a tapered end section 33 on the bolt 3c end opposite relative to the resisting head 31.
  • the tapered end section 33 is formed by chamfering of the bolt 3c end in the plane perpendicular relative to the longitudinal axis O3 of the bolt 3c transverse through hole 32.
  • the tapered end section 33 facilitates inserting the bolt 3c into respective openings/holes as required by the present invention, and thus facilitates assembling and disassembling of the cotter joint of the present invention.
  • crash tests have been carried out for comparing strength to dynamic loads of two types of connections of guardrail sections of a so-called B-profile: a three-point cotter joint according to the present invention (test ST376) and a typical six-point screw connection (comparative test ST377).
  • the guardrails with the tested connections have been mounted on posts of C-shaped cross-section having the following dimensions: 120x80x40x5 mm.
  • the test have been carried out using an appropriately ballasted trolley provided with a head forming an element apt for striking a guardrail directly.
  • a verification of a real level of a collision energy affecting a tested guardrail has been based on velocity measurements using a system of photocells arranged in the vicinity of a crash zone and connected to a chronometer TAG Heuer PTB605.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Un joint à clavette (1) de sections (21) de garde-corps (2) d'une barrière de sécurité routière (5) comprenant les sections (21) de garde-corps (2),
    au moins un boulon (3) ayant un trou traversant transversal (32) d'un axe longitudinal (O3), non parallèle par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (O2) du boulon (3), et une tête résistante (31), dans lequel le boulon (3) s'étend à travers des ouvertures de montage (223) des sections d'extrémité de connexion (22) des sections (21) de garde-corps (2) qui se chevauchent les unes les autres et sont adjacentes les unes aux autres avec leurs surfaces de contact internes (221), dans lequel les ouvertures de montage (223) correspondent et coïncident sensiblement les unes avec les autres, dans lequel ledit trou traversant transversal (32) du boulon (3) est situé sur le côté desdites sections (21) de garde-corps (2) qui se chevauchent les unes les autres, qui est opposé par rapport à la tête résistante (31), et
    une clavette de verrouillage (4) qui est disposée dans ledit trou traversant transversal (32) du boulon (3) et qui serre lesdites sections (21) du garde-corps (2), qui se chevauchent les unes les autres, contre la tête résistante (31) du boulon (3), caractérisé en ce que
    ledit boulon (3) a une section transversale correspondant sensiblement à la section-transversale des ouvertures de montage (223) des sections (21) du garde-corps (2), dans lequel au moins une plaque de renfort (224) est montée sur chaque surface sans contact externe (222) desdites sections d'extrémité de connexion (22) desdites sections (21) du garde-corps (2) qui se chevauchent les unes les autres, dans lequel ladite plaque de renfort (224) est pourvue d'au moins un trou traversant (225) qui coïncide sensiblement avec la au moins une ouverture de montage (223) de la section (21) du garde-corps (2) sur laquelle cette plaque de renfort (224) est montée.
  2. Le joint à clavette (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur (G1) de la plaque de renfort (224) est au moins égale à l'épaisseur (G2) de la paroi de la section (21) du garde-corps (2), et de préférence l'épaisseur (G1) de la plaque de renfort (224) est au moins égale au double de l'épaisseur (G2) de la paroi de la section (21) du garde-corps (2).
  3. Le joint à clavette (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la section-transversale du boulon (3) et la section-transversale des ouvertures de montage (223) des sections (21) du garde-corps (2) ont une forme rectangulaire avec des coins arrondis et l'axe longitudinal parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (O1) du garde-corps (2).
  4. Le joint à clavette (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les plaques de renfort (224) sont soudées, de préférence sur tout leur périmètre, aux sections (21) du garde-corps (2).
  5. Le joint à clavette (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'il comprend trois boulons (3) coopérant avec trois clavettes de verrouillage (4), dans lequel ces boulons (3) sont de préférence disposés le long d'une ligne droite parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (O1) du garde-corps (2).
  6. Le joint à clavette (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le boulon (3) présente une section d'extrémité conique (33) formée sur l'extrémité du boulon (3) opposée par rapport à la tête résistante (31).
  7. Une barrière de sécurité routière (5) comprenant au moins deux poteaux verticaux (6) sur lesquels est monté au moins un garde-corps (2) sensiblement horizontal composé d'au moins deux sections (21), caractérisée en ce que les au moins deux sections (21) du garde-corps (2) sont reliées entre elles au moyen du joint à clavette (1) tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6.
EP19167830.9A 2018-04-09 2019-04-08 Joint à goupille pour sections de rail de sécurité barrière de sécurité routière et barrière de sécurité routière comprenant un tel joint à goupille Active EP3553228B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL425157A PL240118B1 (pl) 2018-04-09 2018-04-09 Połączenie klinowe odcinków odbojnicy drogowej bariery ochronnej

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3553228A1 EP3553228A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
EP3553228B1 true EP3553228B1 (fr) 2020-12-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19167830.9A Active EP3553228B1 (fr) 2018-04-09 2019-04-08 Joint à goupille pour sections de rail de sécurité barrière de sécurité routière et barrière de sécurité routière comprenant un tel joint à goupille

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP3553228B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3553228T3 (fr)
LT (1) LT3553228T (fr)
PL (1) PL240118B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112482883A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-03-12 敬嘉鑫 一种可折叠式移动防护护栏

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4425182A1 (de) * 1994-07-16 1996-01-25 Fusion Kunststoff Gmbh Ummantelung von Pfosten, Rohren oder Trägern
FR2746120B1 (fr) * 1996-03-15 1998-06-12 Glissiere de securite, procede de mise en place de telle glissiere et machine de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
ES1068049Y (es) * 2008-05-28 2008-11-01 Hierros Y Aplanaciones S A Hia Mecanismo fusible para la union atornillada entre la valla horizontal y el poste vertical de soporte de las barreras metalicas de seguridad para contencion de vehiculos, de uso en los margenes y medianas de las carreteras
PL65812Y1 (pl) * 2009-12-14 2012-02-29 Przedsiębiorstwo Prod Usługowo Handlowe Prowerk Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpow Bariera drogowa przekładkowa
ITTV20110144A1 (it) * 2011-10-19 2013-04-20 Fracasso S P A Barriera stradale
US20160168810A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2016-06-16 Simone PIENAAR Roadway Barrier
PL412418A1 (pl) * 2015-05-21 2016-12-05 Stalprodukt Spółka Akcyjna Element absorbujący drogowej bariery ochronnej oraz drogowa bariera ochronna zawierająca taki element absorbujący

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL240118B1 (pl) 2022-02-14
PL425157A1 (pl) 2019-10-21
EP3553228A1 (fr) 2019-10-16
LT3553228T (lt) 2021-04-12
DK3553228T3 (da) 2021-02-22

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