EP3523594B1 - Vorrichtung zum ausstossen von patronen und/oder gliedern aus einer kette oder einem munitionsstreifen an einer haupt- und/oder einer nebenwaffe - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum ausstossen von patronen und/oder gliedern aus einer kette oder einem munitionsstreifen an einer haupt- und/oder einer nebenwaffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3523594B1
EP3523594B1 EP17768111.1A EP17768111A EP3523594B1 EP 3523594 B1 EP3523594 B1 EP 3523594B1 EP 17768111 A EP17768111 A EP 17768111A EP 3523594 B1 EP3523594 B1 EP 3523594B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connectors
channel
turret
ejection
ammunition
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Active
Application number
EP17768111.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3523594A1 (de
Inventor
Innokenty GRITSKEVITCH
Anthony COLOMINE
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John Cockerill Defense SA
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CMI Defence SA
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Priority to PL17768111T priority Critical patent/PL3523594T3/pl
Publication of EP3523594A1 publication Critical patent/EP3523594A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/60—Empty-cartridge-case or belt-link collectors or catchers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun

Definitions

  • the technological field of the invention relates to the ejection of cases and / or links from at least one (or a combination of) chain (s) or band (s) of ammunition characterized by a specific caliber, to namely that ranging from small to medium caliber, the small caliber being associated with a secondary weapon (called “machine gun” or “coax”) while the medium caliber is related to a main weapon (called “barrel”).
  • the ejection generally takes place after firing from the inside to the outside of a turret mounted on any armored vehicle, through a whole series of structures having specific geometric and mechanical characteristics.
  • sequence of technical operations relating to the ejection of residues of small and / or medium caliber ammunition (s) can be generalized to the combination of two actions: i) the recovery of any material (stones, vegetables, etc.) falling under the effect of gravity in a closed circular structure, such as a pipe, and ii) transporting this material over a mobile surface, such as a carpet, provided with a vibrating device located under the latter in order to partially or totally modify the environmental conditions of the material.
  • any armored vehicle after the routing of a chain or band of ammunition through a (or) channel (channels) of supply to the main weapon (gun) and / or secondary (machine gun or coax), where the ammunition is either of small caliber varying between 5.56 mm and 15 mm, or of medium caliber ranging from 20 mm to 50 mm, and following the firing of said ammunition, the ejection of the sockets and / or the constituent links of the latter has never been a priority in the state of the art to date, both technically (mechanical, electrical parameters, etc.) and that related to the aspects ergonomic and safe.
  • the casings are ejected through an orifice located near the barrel at the height of the turret mask.
  • they are evacuated outside the turret towards the front “almost” parallel to the axis of said gun, while the links are recovered inside the turret, and more particularly within the basket, by following a “random” path between the various internal modules such as the HMI (Human Machine Interface) system, the cabling systems, etc.
  • the ejection is lateral or downwards, like what is described for a “coax”.
  • the solutions proposed are based on the fact that only the casings coming from the chain or strip of medium caliber ammunition intended for the main weapon are ejected after firing either towards the outside of the turret by a specific orifice arranged near said main weapon, or in a specific collector provided inside thereof.
  • links of the chain or strip of medium caliber ammunition as well as the residues associated with small caliber ammunition intended for the secondary weapon travel either one (or two ) channel (channels) of ejection (barrel), that is to say one (or two) channel (channels) of evacuation (coax) so that, at the exit of this one (these), they fall naturally under the effect of gravity inside the turret at the level of the basket but in a random way with regard to the place of reception.
  • the invention proposes a device for recovering links ejected by a weapon firing ammunition connected by links.
  • This link retrieval device comprises a movable channel for conveying the links which is secured by a first end of a window for ejecting the links of the weapon.
  • the movable corridor slides at a second end relative to a first end of a fixed passageway for conveying the links, the fixed corridor being secured by its second end to an ammunition box and opening into the latter.
  • the fixed lane furthermore comprises a means of propelling the links promoting the individual progression of each link in the fixed lane, the recovery device also comprising, at the level of the mobile lane and the fixed lane, a means for guiding the links.
  • the propulsion means comprises at least one link thruster which is rotatable and placed laterally to the fixed corridor and whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the direction of advance of the links in the fixed corridor and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the links.
  • the link thruster comprises a cylindrical brush with radial bristles.
  • the guide means comprises at least i) a first guide rail integral with the mobile corridor which can correspond with a first notch of each link and thus guiding the link transversely to the first rail, ii) a second guide rail integral with the fixed corridor which can correspond with the first notch of each link and guiding the link transversely to the second rail, and iii) an intermediate rail integral with the fixed corridor and being able to correspond with a second notch of each link guiding the link transversely to the intermediate rail, when the link passes from the corridor mobile with fixed corridor.
  • the intermediate rail of the fixed corridor and the first (resp. Second) guide rail of the moving (resp. Fixed) corridor are parallel and partially overlap without contact. Due to the recovery of the links, the ammunition box comprises a movable partition made of flexible material separating the links of the ammunition, which makes it possible not to increase the volume of the ammunition box.
  • the invention relates to the belt for lateral ejection of empty links through a central receiver for a machine gun.
  • This side ejection of the machine gun allows the barrel to incorporate a center of gravity directly under the weapon to improve overall balance with that proper center of gravity and allows an ammo box to be placed under the weapon. .
  • An objective arising from these aspects is not to add substantial weight, mass or equipment to the machine gun.
  • a machine gun with sideband loading i) ejects the used casings down from an ejector under the barrel using a new deflector with an ammunition holder that deflects the used casings downward. passing through one side of the gun, and ii) has a substantial portion of the bag moved from the left side of the gun to the right until the overall mass of the bag balances the gun.
  • a chute link ejection adapter for unloading a weapon comprising an ammunition strip has a base and a cover positioned above the base.
  • a first side wall is coupled to the base and the cover and includes a proximal end configured to be removably received in a chamber for receiving the weapon.
  • a second side wall is positioned in relation to the first side wall and is coupled to the base and the cover.
  • a chute link coupler is supported at the distal end of the base.
  • An ejection chamber is defined by the base and the cover, the first side wall and the second side wall.
  • the ejection chamber extends in an axial direction generally along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end, the proximal end being coupled to the weapon receiving chamber and the distal end. being connected to an ejection chute.
  • a housing stopper is supported by the proximal end of the first side wall to position a housing of the ammunition strip.
  • An ammunition stopper is supported by the proximal end of the second side wall for positioning ammunition from the ammunition strip.
  • the ammunition stopper axially has a finger extending outwardly from the ejection chamber and transversely outwardly extending from an exterior surface of the second side wall.
  • the document US 4,601,230 A discloses a weapon system comprising a main gun utilizing a link ammunition supply and a coaxial machine gun, both mounted in a rotatable turret in an armored vehicle.
  • the ammunition links fired by the main gun and the ammunition links and cases fired by the machine gun are ejected through the journal bearing on which the main weapon rotor rotates, into a compartment that communicates with the exterior of the vehicle .
  • the main gun link ammunition is stored in a rectangular shaped ammo box positioned diametrically in the turret basket.
  • the link ejection chutes for the main barrel include guide strips to guide the link tabs through the chute channels and thereby prevent chute jamming.
  • the inventors' reflection focused on the implementation of a standard and unique architecture at the level of the turret mask, this architecture not significantly modifying the existing environment, both geometrically and that associated with functional aspects.
  • the desired effect is to develop a device taking advantage of and adapting to existing elements such as the supply channel (or channels), the ejection channel (or channels). , etc., located in the space of the turret mask so that the occupants of the turret, namely the commander and the gunner, are located at all times in an environment similar to that defined beforehand at the functional and ergonomic levels vis - with respect to the other modules located inside the turret (HMI system, maneuverability of controls, etc.), while guaranteeing greater safety and a more adequate living space, comfortable and accessible to the occupants.
  • HMI system functional and ergonomic levels vis - with respect to the other modules located inside the turret
  • an aim pursued by the present invention is that the environment does not change as regards the number, the arrangement and the size of the elements present previously but is more optimized in terms of function and safety.
  • the device for ejecting the casings and / or links of a chain or band of ammunition of small and / or medium caliber (s) is located at the level of the frame of the turret mask in the region. bearings, and more particularly at the exit, at the level of the mask, both i) of the ejection channel (s) in relation to the main weapon and ii) of the evacuation channel (s) directly linked to the secondary weapon.
  • the ejection system is located opposite the supply system of the chain or strip of medium caliber ammunition, that is say that the two systems, feed and ejection, are symmetrical about the main axis of the main weapon.
  • the ejection device could also be placed at this location thanks to the fact that the hull has a specific end in relation to the support plate of the barrel (near the mask) such that the external arrangements of the latter hardly require any adjustment. changes in the general configuration.
  • the links of the chain or band of medium caliber ammunition can be routed through one (or two) ejection channel (channels), namely an upper channel and / or a lower channel, depending on the type of medium caliber ammunition to switch into the ejection device while for the secondary weapon, either the casings and links of the chain or band of small caliber ammunition pass through of a single discharge channel, either said bushings (or said links) run down into the lower discharge channel and said links (or said bushings) in the upper channel to, in fine, also tumble into the device of ejection.
  • the basket is not integrated into the hull of the turret. It is thus completely absent from this enclosure given that the manipulations linked to the operation of the turret are carried out directly from inside the armored vehicle itself by a member of the crew. This has the consequence that the commander and the shooter are not installed at the level of the basket but well inside the vehicle while the ejection system remains placed in the same place. In other words, the positioning and operation of the ejection system are independent of the number of people present inside the turret.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a device for ejecting casings and / or links from at least one chain or band of ammunition associated with a main and / or secondary weapon, the ejection device being mountable.
  • an armored vehicle turret and comprising a plurality of structural elements defined geometrically and mechanically, making it possible, after firing ammunition, to guide the movement of the casings and / or links from the inside to the outside of said turret, according to a determined path, and comprising means for vibrating at least part of these structural elements to promote said displacement of the bushes and / or links
  • said structural elements comprising at least one chute, characterized in that said vibration means include a motor placed anywhere in the chute, fitted with an unbalance and intended to be actuated only during firing.
  • a second aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the device for ejecting cases and / or links as described above, characterized in that, in the case of the main weapon, after firing, in the presence of '' a single ejection channel, the links of a chain or band of medium caliber ammunition ejected into it, penetrate the continuity surface, in the first orifice of the bent channel with a view to, once the curved angle of 90 ° has been crossed, to orient naturally downwards so that they become subject to the effect of gravity, which favors their natural separation from each other at a speed defined by the main weapon and finally progress through the second orifice of the bent channel to plunge one by one into the chute in order to be finally ejected outside the turret, while in the presence of two ejection channels, the links of a chain or band of medium caliber ammunition are ejected at the same time into the upper ejection channel, to follow the same path as that described above in the presence of a single ejection channel and in the lower e
  • the links and the casings of a chain or band of small caliber ammunition are ejected either simultaneously through the discharge channel, or separately following their passage respectively. in the upper, lower, respectively, and lower, upper discharge channels respectively, before plunging, naturally under the effect of gravity, into the chute, and being expelled outside the turret.
  • the motor assists or improves the process of ejection of the casings and / or links of a chain or band of ammunition, given that said ejection is not always permitted solely by virtue of the effect of gravity, and given that, when they are channeled in the chute, the bushes and / or the links are slightly slowed down in the fall due to the various friction existing between them, to the resistances between them and the chute, and to the inclination of the turret , said motor, activated only during firing, causing vibration of the chute, this vibration being characterized by a certain intensity, which makes it possible to eject all of the bushes and / or links while reducing mechanical stresses as much as possible, said intensity being initially variable given that it depends on the type and caliber of the ammunition as well as on the type of links used, then becoming constant during firing when a frequency favorable to the ejection of the cases and / or links outside of the turret has been obtained, said intensity of vibration being damped at the level of the turret by the
  • the ammunition 1 are connected and clipped together by links 2 to form a flexible chain or band 3 of ammunition 1 ( Figure 1 ).
  • the ammunition 1 generally consists of a bullet or warhead 4, a case 5, a propellant charge 6, a base 7, and a primer 8.
  • ammunition 1 of two types of caliber namely ammunition 1 of medium caliber ranging from 20 mm to 50 mm, as well as ammunition 1 of small caliber defined between 5.56 mm and 15 mm.
  • a chain or strip 3 of ammunition 1 has an undefined and unspecific initial size, which means that it is important to keep in mind that, depending on the needs defined by the current mission, it is possible to modify at any time the length of said chain or strip 3 of ammunition 1, either by adding ammunition 1 or by removing it.
  • it must respect a fixed starting length whereas, depending on the size constraints encountered within the turret 9, it cannot exceed a certain length. length.
  • the ejection device 10 is located at the outlet of the ejection channels, respectively upper 11 and lower 12, and discharge channels, respectively upper 13 and lower 14, in the region of the bearings 15 near the mask 16, by being fixed to the frame 17 of the hull 18 of the turret 9.
  • the device d The ejection 10 is located opposite the feed system 20 of the chain or strip 3 of medium caliber ammunition 1 , transversely to the reference axis, which also results in the fact that the two systems feed 20 and ejection 11, 12 are approximately symmetrical with respect to said reference.
  • ammunition 1 comes from a chain or band 3 of ammunition 1 of medium caliber defined between 20 mm and 50 mm intended for the main weapon 19, as well as from a chain or band 3 of ammunition 1 of small caliber ranging from 5.56 mm to 15 mm reserved for the secondary weapon 33.
  • Another important criterion characterizing ammunition 1 is that linked to the type of ammunition 1, namely that defined by its constitution / nature. Among these, we can mention “arrows”, “explosives”, etc. In the present invention, the ejection device 10 is therefore valid for all types of ammunition 1.
  • ammunition 1 is connected and clipped together by means of links 2.
  • these generally have i) an identical or similar three-dimensional structure, regardless of the type of ammunition 1 envisaged, and ii) a principle of attachment that is substantially similar and independent of the type of ammunition 1 considered.
  • the ejection device 10 of the present invention has been designed so that it operates in a similar manner under all circumstances, in other words the mechanism is independent of the type. and caliber of ammunition 1, as well as type of link 2.
  • the ejection concerns i) the links 2 of a chain or band 3 of ammunition 1 of medium caliber only for the barrel 19 and / or ii) the casings 5 and the links 2 of a chain or band 3 of ammunition 1 of small caliber for the coax 33.
  • the residues must be found on the outside of the turret 9 like the casings 5 associated with the chain or strip 3 of ammunition 1 of medium caliber relative primary weapon 19.
  • the caliber of the ammunition 1 is 30 mm and / or 40 mm for the primary weapon 19, and 7.62 mm for the secondary weapon 33, while the link type 2 is or is similar to that described in Figure 4 .
  • the link 2 consists of two parts 34, 35, generally articulated to one another.
  • the second part 35 comprises a central loop or handle 36 , relative to the height of the link 2, defining an approximately semi-cylindrical opening, dimensioned to be fitted on the case 5 of a munition 1 of a given caliber.
  • the first part 34 comprises two loops 37, 38 of this type but located, in height, respectively on either side of the central loop 36.
  • Each of these loops 36, 37, 38 comprises at each of its two free ends a small loop 39 oriented in the other direction, so as to define a flare allowing an easy introduction or removal of the ammunition 1.
  • the upper loop 37 of the first part 34 is extended by a substantially flat and rectangular part 40 extending upwards, and the lower loop 38 of the first part 34 is extended downwards by an essentially flat part 41, terminated by a finger 42 which fits into the extraction groove 43 of the sleeve 5 in order to guarantee correct alignment of ammunition 1 in ammunition chain or band 3 1.
  • the flexibility of ammunition chain or band 3 1 is due to the articulation between loop or shackle 36 and ammunition 1.
  • the ejection device 10 does not apply for the ejection of the casings 5 of ammunition 1 belonging to the chain or strip 3 of ammunition 1 of medium caliber.
  • said casings 5 are ejected through an orifice 44 located at the level of the mask 16 of the turret 9, near the main weapon 19. The ejection is carried out towards the front outside of the gun. the turret 9 in a direction "almost" parallel to the axis of the gun 19.
  • the links 2 continue their journey by entering the ejection channels 11, 12. More precisely, depending on the type of medium caliber ammunition 1 selected, the links 2 are engulfed either in the upper ejection channel 11, or in the lower ejection channel 12. In either case, the links 2 advance alone since the ammunition 1 has been extracted from the chain or strip 3 of ammunition 1. At this time, the links 2 are separated from each other so that the link n progresses only under the impulse of the central loop 36 of the link n + 1.
  • the links 2 have their upward convex curvature therein.
  • the path continues in such a way that they first penetrate into the continuity of surface 21 (the operating principle linked to its mobility will be explained below), then into the first orifice 24 of the bent channel 23 according to a mode of operation. connection similar to that described above at the level of the ejection channels 11, 12.
  • the links 2 naturally orient themselves downwards so that they are subjected to the effect of gravity.
  • the links 2 naturally separate from each other at a speed defined by the operation of the main weapon 19.
  • the second orifice 25 of the bent channel 23 is crossed, the individualized links 2 plunge. towards the chute 26 to be finally ejected outside the turret 9.
  • the approach is substantially similar to that described for the upper ejection channel 11.
  • the differences appear essentially at the level of the following steps: i) the links 2 present there their downward convex curvature, and ii) tailings do not pass through intermediate pieces (such as surface continuity 21 and / or the bent channel 23 in the case of the upper ejection channel 11) at the outlet of the lower ejection channel 12.
  • intermediate pieces such as surface continuity 21 and / or the bent channel 23 in the case of the upper ejection channel 11
  • the sleeves 5 and the links 2 will be ejected separately following their passage through two specific and distinct discharge channels 13, 14 : i) for the links 2, they follow the upper discharge channel 13 before diving, naturally under the effect of gravity, in the chute 26 to end up outside the turret 9, and ii) for the casings 5, the ejection mechanism is substantially similar except that the casings 5 follow the lower discharge channel 14 to finish outside the turret 9 after having been collected in the chute 26.
  • the chute 26 serves as a funnel to channel them with a view to ejecting them outside the turret 9.
  • This motor 29 is to provoke, by means of 'unbalance, vibration with a certain intensity, which makes it possible to eject all the residues while reducing mechanical stresses as much as possible. Its intensity is initially variable since it depends on the type and caliber of ammunition 1 as well as the type of links 2 used. This intensity then becomes constant during firing when an adequate frequency favorable to the ejection of the residues outside the turret 9 has been obtained.
  • the vibration is received by the vibration pads, fixing the chute 26 to the frame 17 of the hull 18 of the turret 9, and its frequency can be easily changed by changing the unbalance.
  • This motor 29 is only activated during firing.
  • the first ammunition 1 is rearmed in order to be brought in front of the orifice of the weapon in question 19, 33. Then, when firing is triggered, the bullet 5 is fired so that i) the gases issued of this maneuver are recovered by fans to be ejected outside the turret 9, and ii) the motor 29 is operated simultaneously. It should be noted that, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor 29 is located under the base plate 45 of the chute 26.
  • the presence of the motor 29 is all the more useful and justified when the vehicle, and consequently the turret 9, are not located on perfectly horizontal ground. Thus, when the vehicle is stationary or is moving over rough terrain, the turret 9 cannot be tilted more than a certain value. Now, as the chute 26 itself has a specific angular deviation with respect to the frame 17 of the shell 18 of the turret 9, the maximum angular difference in absolute value is between 1 ° and 90 °. If this value is much too low to promote the ejection of the residues under the effect of gravity, only the motor 29 comes into action to cause and accelerate the fall thereof.
  • the last parameter to be taken into consideration in the ejection device 10 according to the invention is the continuity of the surface 21. It is a structure which i) ensures the link between the upper ejection channel 11 and the first orifice 24 of the. bent channel 23, and ii) remains fixed or slides longitudinally. It is associated with a spring device 30 by means of a vertical plate (not shown) adjoining the bent channel 23, located under the base plate 31 of the bent channel 23, the spring device 30 which is itself, by means of said vertical plate, connected to a (de) locking box 32 managed by a member of the crew present in the turret 9.
  • the spring device 30 is tensioned so that the surface continuity 21 tends to be brought back to the upper ejection channel 11 to define and ensure continuity between these two structures 11, 21.
  • the (de) locking housing 32 or pawl which maintains the spring device 30 in this position to prevent the return of surface continuity 21.
  • the crew member can remain within the turret 9 with a view to, for example: i) carrying out maintenance operations on the 'main weapon 19, ii) release an incorrectly engaged ammunition 1 , iii) remove the feed channel (s) 20 and / or ejection 11, 12, iv) etc.
  • the project currently developed makes it possible to reach operational, functional, ergonomic, economic, etc. levels. very high following the positioning defined above.
  • the assembly proceeds from a relatively simple approach while configuring a rigid fixing to be able to withstand as it should all the shocks and vibrations during the various movements of the turret and / or of the vehicle on which is attached to the turret, these movements being both in elevation and in rotation but also those described by the movements of the vehicle.
  • the turret and more particularly the environment at the level of the interface around the gun, has undergone only slight structural modifications.
  • the latter appear essentially at a specific end of the turret hull in direct contact with the support plate of the gun adjacent to the mask as well as at the level of the mask as such.
  • this ejection device is mounted on a turret with which is associated a gun of small and / or medium caliber (s).
  • the ejection and recovery of ammunition residues follows a totally different approach, which is why it is not developed in the present patent application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) aus mindestens einer Kette oder einem Band (3) von Munition (1), die einer Haupt- (19) und/oder Nebenwaffe (33) zugeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) in einem Turm (9) eines gepanzerten Fahrzeugs anbringbar ist und eine Vielzahl von Strukturelementen aufweist, die geometrisch und mechanisch definiert sind, die es erlauben, nach einem Schuss von Munition (1) die Verlagerung der Patronen (5) und/oder der Glieder (2) von innerhalb nach außerhalb des Turms (9) gemäß einem bestimmten Weg zu führen, und Vibrationsmittel mindestens eines Teils dieser Strukturelemente aufweisen, um die Verlagerung der Patronen (5) und/oder der Glieder (2) zu unterstützen, wobei die Strukturelemente mindestens eine Rinne (26) aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vibrationsmittel einen Motor (29) umfassen, der an einer beliebigen Stelle der Rinne (26) platziert ist, der mit einer Unwucht ausgestattet und bestimmt ist, nur beim Schuss betätigt zu werden.
  2. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Turm (9) eine Schale (18) mit einer Maske (16) und ein Gestell (17) aufweist und dass die Hauptwaffe (19) einen Lauf mittleren Kalibers, als Lauf bezeichnet, aufweist, und die Nebenwaffe (33) ein Maschinengewehr kleinen Kalibers, als Coax bezeichnet, ist.
  3. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die für den Lauf (19) bestimmte Munition (1) eine Munition mittleren Kalibers ist, wobei das mittlere Kaliber zwischen 20 mm und 50 mm liegt, wohingegen die dem Coax (33) zugeordnete Munition (1) eine Munition kleinen Kalibers ist, wobei das kleine Kaliber zwischen 5,56 mm und 15 mm liegt.
  4. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hauptwaffe (19) ein oberer Auswurfkanal (11) und/oder ein unterer Auswurfkanal (12) angefügt sind, in den/die die Glieder (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) mittleren Kalibers nach dem Schuss eintreten und ihren Weg von innerhalb nach außerhalb des Turms (9) fortsetzen, wobei sie dabei voneinander derart getrennt werden, dass sich ein Glied n nur unter dem Impuls einer zentralen Schnalle des Gliedes n+1 derart fortbewegt, dass bei einem einzigen Auswurfkanal die Glieder in diesem unabhängig von der Ausrichtung ihrer konvexen Krümmung fortbewegen, wohingegen bei zwei Auswurfkanälen die Glieder (2), deren konvexe Krümmung nach oben gerichtet ist, im oberen Auswurfkanal (11) zirkulieren, und die Glieder (2), deren konvexe Krümmung nach unten gerichtet ist, sich im unteren Auswurfkanal (12) fortbewegen, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nebenwaffe (33) ein oberer Entsorgungskanal (13) und/oder ein unterer Entsorgungskanal (14) angefügt ist/sind, in entweder den die Glieder (2) und die Patronen (5) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) kleinen Kalibers nach dem Schuss eintreten und ihren Weg von innerhalb nach außerhalb des Turms (9) fortsetzen, wobei sie dabei voneinander getrennt werden, oder in die jeweils die Glieder (2), die Patronen (5) und jeweils die Patronen (5), die Glieder (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) kleinen Kalibers jeweils nach dem Schuss eintreten und eine Fortbewegung fortsetzen, die der ähnelt, die für einen einzigen Entsorgungskanal beschrieben ist.
  5. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) bildenden Strukturelemente ferner eine Oberflächenkontinuität (21), einen abgewinkelten Kanal (23), eine Federvorrichtung (30) und ein Ver-/Entriegelungsgehäuse (32) umfassen.
  6. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die Oberflächenkontinuität (21) direkt am Ausgang aus dem Auswurfkanal (11) lokalisiert ist, wobei sie mit einem beweglichen Verschlussblech (22) fest verbunden ist, das der Maske (16) zugeordnet ist, um die Kontinuität zwischen dem Auswurfkanal (11) und dem Element sicherzustellen, das der Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) folgt, nämlich dem abgewinkelten Kanal (23);
    • der abgewinkelte Kanal (23), der durch einen um 90° gekrümmten Winkel gekennzeichnet ist, die Verlängerung der Oberflächenkontinuität (21) ist und zwei Öffnungen aufweist, eine erste Öffnung (24), die sich in Höhe des Auswurfkanals (11) befindet und als Übergangsöffnung zwischen der Oberflächenkontinuität (21) und dem Rest des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) dient, und eine zweite Öffnung (25), die nach dem um 90° gekrümmten Winkel und in einer zu dem/dem gegebenenfalls oberen (11) und unteren (12) Auswurfkanal senkrechten Ebene lokalisiert ist, das heißt, zum Boden zeigend, wenn die Hauptachse des Laufs (19) in der Horizontalen ist und wenn das Fahrzeug auf einer im Wesentlichen ebenen Oberfläche steht oder in Bewegung ist;
    • die auf dem Gestell (17) der Schale (18) des Turms (9) mit Hilfe von Vibrationsstiften befestigte Rinne (26) die Form eines Trichters hat, der sich jeweils entweder am Ausgang des Auswurfkanals oder jeweils am Ausgang des oberen Entsorgungskanals (11) mittels der Oberflächenkontinuität (21) und des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) befindet, und ebenfalls am Ausgang des unteren Auswurfkanals (12) sowie am Ausgang des/des gegebenenfalls jeweiligen oberen (13) und unteren (14) Auswurfkanals, wobei die Rinne (26) ebenfalls zwei Öffnungen aufweist, eine erste Öffnung (27), die erlaubt, die zweite Öffnung (25) des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) derart aufzunehmen, dass das Eindringen desselben über eine Tiefe von einigen Zentimetern erfolgt, und eine zweite Öffnung (28), die gemäß einer winkligen Ablenkung in Bezug auf das Gestell (17) der Schale (18) des Turms (9) nach außerhalb des Turms (9) gerichtet ist, das heißt, dass die Rinne (26) nicht vollständig in derselben Ebene lokalisiert ist wie die, die den abgewinkelten Kanal (23) enthält;
    • die Federvorrichtung (30) unter einem Basisblech (31) des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) lokalisiert ist und von einem Ver-/Entriegelungsgehäuse (32) gesteuert wird, das sich auf einem inneren Teil des Gestells (17) der Schale (18) des Turms (9) befindet.
  7. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) einen Mechanismus hat, der derart konstruiert ist, dass er unter allen Umständen ähnlich funktioniert, dass heißt, dass der Mechanismus vom Typ und Kaliber der Munition (1) sowie vom Typ der Glieder (2) unabhängig ist.
  8. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Mittel aufweist, um den Motor (29) zu betätigen, der Vibrationen fördert, die mit dem Auswerfen der Patronen (5) und/oder der Glieder (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) verbunden sind, wenn sich das Fahrzeug und folglich der Turm (9) nicht auf einem perfekt horizontalen Boden befinden, so dass, unabhängig von der Neigung des Fahrzeugs und folglich des Turms (9) in Bezug auf die absolute Erdhorizontale, es unvermeidlich ist, dass der zwischen der Rinne (26) und dieser Horizontalen gebildete Winkel für das natürliche Gleiten der Glieder (2) nach außerhalb des Turms (9) günstig ist, was einer strikt positiven Neigung zwischen 1° und 90° entspricht.
  9. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rinne (26) infolge des Vorhandenseins von zwei Verschlussvorrichtungen der NBC-Vorschrift entspricht, einer ersten Vorrichtung in Form eines lösbaren Stopfens (46), der im Bereich der zweiten Öffnung (28) der Rinne (26) platziert ist, und einer zweiten Vorrichtung in Form eines Gummibandes (47), bezeichnet als Dichtungsbalg, das ständig an zwei speziellen Stellen befestigt ist, nämlich, dass ein Ende des Dichtungsbalgs die Rinne (26) vollständig umgibt, indem es in einer Rille auf halber Höhe derselben (26) platziert und verklebt ist, und dass ein anderes Ende des Dichtungsbalgs von dem Verschlussblech (48) eingeklemmt ist.
  10. Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberflächenkontinuität (21) mittels einer Federvorrichtung (30) und einem Ver-/Entriegelungsgehäuse (32) fest oder längs gleitend angebracht ist, um Wartungsmaßnahmen durch Mitglieder der Besatzung von innerhalb des Turms (9) zu unterstützen.
  11. Verwendung der Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Hauptwaffe (19) nach dem Schuss bei Vorhandensein eines einzigen Auswurfkanals die Glieder (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) mittleren Kalibers, die in diesen ausgeworfen werden, in der Oberflächenkontinuität (21) in die erste Öffnung (24) des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) eindringen, um, nachdem der um 90° abgewinkelte Kanal überwunden wurde, sich natürlich nach unten derart auszurichten, dass sie der Wirkung der Schwerkraft ausgesetzt werden, der ihre natürliche Trennung voneinander in einer Geschwindigkeit unterstützt, die von der Hauptwaffe (19) bestimmt ist, und sich schließlich in die zweite Öffnung (25) des abgewinkelten Kanals (23) fortbewegen, um einzeln nacheinander in die Rinne (26) abzutauchen, um letztendlich nach außerhalb des Turms (9) ausgeworfen zu werden, wohingegen bei Vorhandensein von zwei Auswurfkanälen die Glieder (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) mittleren Kaliber sowohl in den oberen Auswurfkanal (11) ausgeworfen werden, um demselben Weg wie vorstehend bei Vorhandensein eines einzigen Entsorgungskanals zu folgen, als auch auf ähnliche Weise wie für den oberen Entsorgungskanal (11) beschrieben, aber ohne ein Übergangsteil im Bereich des unteren Auswurfkanals (12) zu passieren in den unteren Auswurfkanal (12), das heißt, dass, sobald dieser (12) durchquert wurde, die Glieder (2) direkt und natürlich in die Rinne (26) abtauchen, um nach außerhalb des Turms (9) gemäß einer Trennungsart ausgestoßen zu werden, die mit der, die für die Glieder (2) beschrieben wurde, die den oberen Auswurfkanal (11) durchqueren, identisch oder ähnlich ist.
  12. Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Nebenwaffe (33) nach dem Schuss die Glieder (2) und die Patronen (5) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) kleinen Kalibers entweder gleichzeitig durch den Entsorgungskanal oder getrennt ausgeworfen werden, nachdem sie jeweils den jeweiligen oberen (13), unteren (14) und den jeweiligen unteren (14), oberen (13) Entsorgungskanal passiert haben, bevor sie natürlich unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft in die Rinne abtauchen (26) und nach außerhalb des Turms (9) ausgestoßen werden.
  13. Verwendung der Vorrichtung zum Auswerfen (10) von Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Motor (29) den Auswurfprozess der Patronen (5) und/oder von Gliedern (2) einer Kette oder eines Bandes (3) von Munition (1) unterstützt oder verbessert, wobei das Auswerfen nicht immer nur aufgrund der Wirkung der Schwerkraft gestattet ist und da die Patronen (5) und/oder die Glieder (2), wenn sie in die Rinne (26) kanalisiert werden, bei ihrem Fall aufgrund verschiedener Reibungen aneinander, von Widerständen zwischen ihnen und der Rinne (26) und der Neigung des Turms (9) leicht verlangsamt werden, der Motor (29), der nur beim Schuss betätigt wird, eine Vibration der Rinne (26) verursacht, wobei diese Vibration durch eine bestimmte Intensität gekennzeichnet ist, wodurch erlaubt wird, alle Patronen (5) und/oder Glieder (2) durch maximale Reduzierung der mechanischen Zwänge auszuwerfen, wobei die Intensität anfänglich variabel ist, da sie vom Typ und vom Kaliber der Munitionen (1) sowie vom Typ der verwendeten Glieder (2) abhängt, dann während des Schusses konstant wird, wenn eine für das Auswerfen der Patronen (5) und/oder der Glieder (2) nach außerhalb des Turms (9) vorteilhafte Frequenz gefunden ist, wobei die Vibrationsintensität im Bereich des Turms (9) durch die Vibrationsstifte gedämpft wird.
EP17768111.1A 2016-10-10 2017-09-14 Vorrichtung zum ausstossen von patronen und/oder gliedern aus einer kette oder einem munitionsstreifen an einer haupt- und/oder einer nebenwaffe Active EP3523594B1 (de)

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BE2016/5757A BE1024729B1 (fr) 2016-10-10 2016-10-10 Dispositif d'éjection de douilles et/ou de maillons issus d'une chaîne ou bande de munitions associée à une arme principale et/ou secondaire
PCT/EP2017/073204 WO2018068984A1 (fr) 2016-10-10 2017-09-14 Dispositif d'éjection de douilles et/ou de maillons issus d'une chaîne ou bande de munitions associée à une arme principale et/ou secondaire

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ES2910160T3 (es) * 2019-05-22 2022-05-11 John Cockerill Defense SA Dispositivo de expulsión de eslabones de municiones
DE102019124414A1 (de) 2019-09-11 2021-03-11 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Ableitvorrichtung
SE543680C2 (en) * 2019-10-15 2021-06-01 Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab Arrangement for feeding ammunition to a weapon
US11656050B2 (en) 2020-10-21 2023-05-23 Tac-Clamp, LLC Firearm positioning systems and methods

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US4038904A (en) * 1976-06-30 1977-08-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Cartridge feed, positioning and ejection control system
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BE1024729A1 (fr) 2018-06-07
PL3523594T3 (pl) 2021-07-12
CN109690228A (zh) 2019-04-26
WO2018068984A1 (fr) 2018-04-19
ES2866938T3 (es) 2021-10-20
IL265836A (en) 2019-06-30
AU2017344297A1 (en) 2019-03-21
CN109690228B (zh) 2021-07-06
BR112019006613A2 (pt) 2019-07-02
US20190242664A1 (en) 2019-08-08
DK3523594T3 (da) 2021-04-26
KR20190077316A (ko) 2019-07-03
KR102376793B1 (ko) 2022-03-18
AU2017344297B2 (en) 2023-10-26
CO2019004595A2 (es) 2019-05-10
MX2019004095A (es) 2019-06-10
SG11201901886YA (en) 2019-04-29
CA3034165A1 (fr) 2018-04-19
US10739092B2 (en) 2020-08-11
EP3523594A1 (de) 2019-08-14
BE1024729B1 (fr) 2018-06-13
IL265836B (en) 2020-11-30

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