EP3523586B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trocknen oder erhitzen und kühlen von schüttbaren stoffen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trocknen oder erhitzen und kühlen von schüttbaren stoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3523586B1
EP3523586B1 EP17771333.6A EP17771333A EP3523586B1 EP 3523586 B1 EP3523586 B1 EP 3523586B1 EP 17771333 A EP17771333 A EP 17771333A EP 3523586 B1 EP3523586 B1 EP 3523586B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
cooling
bulk material
region
heating
Prior art date
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EP17771333.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3523586A1 (de
Inventor
Mathias Trojosky
Gerd Stölzner
Christoph Fill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Allgaier Werke GmbH and Co KG
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Allgaier Werke GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Priority to PL17771333T priority Critical patent/PL3523586T3/pl
Publication of EP3523586A1 publication Critical patent/EP3523586A1/de
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Publication of EP3523586B1 publication Critical patent/EP3523586B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/02—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/028—Arrangements for the supply or exhaust of gaseous drying medium for direct heat transfer, e.g. perforated tubes, annular passages, burner arrangements, dust separation, combined direct and indirect heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/0436—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis comprising multiple stages, e.g. multiple rotating drums subsequently receiving the material to be dried; Provisions for heat recuperation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/10—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined internally heated, e.g. by means of passages in the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/12—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined tiltable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/14—Sand
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/02—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type
    • F27B2007/025—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type with different chambers, e.g. treatment zones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for drying or heating and cooling pourable materials.
  • the various products usually take temperatures between e.g. 70 ° C and 160 ° C. Without cooling the hot products after drying, further process control is often not possible.
  • different high solid temperatures of the dried and cooled solid can be accepted. These desired temperatures are e.g. for sands in the range of 55 ° C to max. 65 ° C or from 30 ° C to max. 45 ° C for particularly demanding applications, or e.g. approx. 10 K to max. 15 K above the respective ambient temperature.
  • drum dryers also known as “rotary tube dryers”
  • fluidized-bed dryers also known as “fluid bed dryers”
  • a combined drying and cooling drum called System MOZER TK and TK + from Allgaier is known.
  • a so-called two-compartment (i.e. double-shell) construction consisting of two pipes pushed into one another, ensures that the dried material, which has reached an elevated temperature of e.g. 70 ° C to 160 ° C, is cooled immediately after drying and in the same apparatus.
  • cooling in the TK + system is achieved by mixing a certain amount of moist solid into the dried, hot solid and the resulting evaporative cooling.
  • the reason for the limited cooling capacity is that the dried solid is fed into the outer shell of the two-pass drum dryer for cooling. While the cooling of the dried, warm solid is achieved through contact with the ambient air, it is of counteracting importance for the cooling process that the hot inner tube of the dryer cooler used to dry the moist solid is in contact with the solid to be cooled and thus counteracts cooling to particularly low temperatures (eg only approx. 10 K above the ambient temperature).
  • a certain disadvantage of the double-shell construction described is that the internals for conveying solids in the outer drum (i.e. the one between internals located in the outer and inner drum) are very difficult to access and replacement is made more difficult, for example by treating highly abrasive solids of worn internals or maintaining them.
  • the length ratio between the inner and outer drum is largely predetermined by the two-shell design, which limits the flexibility of the process control between drying and cooling.
  • Drum dryers are able to solve the problems that occur particularly frequently in the above-mentioned areas of the mineral industry, mining and recycling, e.g. Fluctuating production quantities, fluctuating product entry moisture, varying grain sizes of the products, particularly harsh environmental conditions, possibly low qualifications of the operating staff, the simplest system controls, etc. can be managed particularly well.
  • two separate devices are used, namely a first drying drum and a downstream, separate second cooling drum, whereby the dried solid either flows directly from the drying drum into the cooling drum, because the drying drum is set up higher than the cooling drum and a simple connection between the dryer outlet and Cooler inlet e.g. is realized in the form of a chute.
  • conveying units e.g. a bucket elevator or a conveyor belt
  • conveying units can be used to transport the hot, dried solids out of the dryer outlet and to fill them into the cooling drum.
  • a so-called counterflow of solids and cooling air is often used for good cooling efficiency.
  • the cooling air is guided through the cooling drum against the direction of conveyance of the solids. This minimizes the amount of cooling air required and usually a temperature of the cooled solid just above the temperature of the incoming cooling air (i.e. often the ambient temperature) is reached.
  • the above-described, energetically efficient countercurrent between solid matter and cooling air can advantageously be implemented during cooling.
  • a rather complex connection of the two separate drums is required for drying on the one hand and for cooling on the other hand, which makes it possible to that both the used drying air and the used cooling air can be extracted at the point where the two drums are connected.
  • the aim is, on the one hand, that the diameter of the drying drum is as large as possible in order to achieve optimum performance
  • the aim is to ensure that the annular gap remaining between the smaller-diameter drying drum and the larger-diameter cooling drum is sufficiently large to allow the dryer exhaust air and cooler exhaust air to be extracted at this point suction in such a way that as little as possible of the solids to be treated gets into the exhaust air flow, i.e. is entrained by the sum of the two exhaust air flows from the dryer and the cooler. Since this entrained amount of solids depends on the speed of the air in the space between the inner drying drum and the outer cooling drum, the two objectives contradict each other.
  • the inner drum used for drying is shorter than the outer drum and ends approximately halfway along the outer drum.
  • the solution described there uses the dried, hot solid to be mixed in with a stream of not yet dried solid, after which both amounts of solid are dried to the end together in the outer drum.
  • DE 3134084 A1 describes a process, albeit a modified one, which is often used in the sugar industry, in which the solid is fed through a drum-dryer-cooler in countercurrent to the drying and cooling air.
  • drying is carried out with a mixture of hot air, which is passed through a separate pipe arranged centrally in the dryer and up to approximately the middle of the dryer, and the preheated cooling air coming from the cooling zone.
  • the cooling takes place in the area of the dryer / cooler in which the hot drying air has not yet been mixed into the cooling air flow.
  • the invention is thus based on the technical problem of eliminating the shortcomings of the known technical solutions by means of a suitable structural design and of improving the function and performance of the dryer / cooler through better flow guidance of the solids and the drying and cooling air and also to reduce the manufacturing costs for the cooler by reducing the workload in production (especially for the welding and assembly work).
  • the device according to the invention for drying or heating and cooling pourable substances consists of a rotatable drum with means for receiving the pourable substance in a first area and means for dispensing the pourable substance from a second area, a central area being arranged between the first and second area which consists of a ring-like structure with a first and a second screen, each with central screen openings, which essentially form two parallel screen planes, and a plurality of transport channels closed to the central area for transporting the pourable material from the first to the second area of the rotatable Have drum through the central area, the transport channels extending from the first to the second screen at an angle not equal to 90 ° with respect to the two screen planes.
  • the transport channels are advantageously arranged distributed uniformly over the ring-like structure.
  • throughflow openings for the gaseous media in the rotatable drum are provided in the central area next to the transport channels closed to the central area.
  • the central area for the separate guidance of the dryer air and the cooler air is subdivided by a partition wall parallel to the panel planes and only the transport channels are excluded from the partition wall.
  • the first area of the drum is advantageously intended for drying or heating or conducting the reaction and the second area of the drum is intended for cooling or further conducting the reaction of the pourable substance.
  • the first and second areas of the drum are each provided with conveyor means that transport the pourable substance into the transport channels and, after it exits the transport channels, transport the pourable substance in the second area until the pourable substance is released.
  • the central area is advantageously surrounded by a housing for removing or supplying the gaseous media.
  • the housing advantageously has one or two exhaust air ducts at the top and one or two fine material outlets on its underside.
  • the entire device can advantageously be inclined relative to the horizontal in the transport direction.
  • the angle of inclination is advantageously between 0.5 ° and 7 °, preferably between 1 ° and 3 °.
  • the method expediently also consists of the step: Separation of fine material in the central area, preferably by falling down as a result of gravity.
  • the method according to the invention also consists of the step: Returning the exiting, heated cooling air flow to the dryer area as preheated drying air for drying the cold and at least moist, pourable material and the associated heat recovery or waste heat utilization from the cooler exhaust air.
  • the method according to the invention advantageously uses the device according to the invention as described above for drying or heating and cooling a moist or at least cold, pourable substance.
  • drying or heating or reaction is carried out in the first area instead of in cocurrent in countercurrent between gas and pourable substance according to the invention.
  • cooling or reaction is carried out in the second area instead of in countercurrent in cocurrent between gas and pourable substance according to the invention.
  • the first area is expediently referred to below as the drying zone and the second area below as the cooling zone.
  • a hot gas generator is installed via a housing and a connection for the supply of the hot gas required for drying.
  • the cooling zone is also a housing at the other end of the drum, the cooling zone, from which the dried and cooled solids can exit.
  • the solid to be dried is placed at one end of the drying / cooling drum and dried in the drying zone of the dryer / cooler, moving towards the center of the drying / cooling drum.
  • the suction housing for the used drying air As well as for the also used cooler exhaust air.
  • the cooling air e.g. ambient air
  • the cooling air is introduced into the cooling zone at the other end of the dryer / cooler and also moves in countercurrent to the solid matter in the direction of the exhaust housing for the used air, which is located approximately in the middle of the entire drum.
  • the central area is provided with throughflow openings which allow the dryer exhaust air and the cooler exhaust air to exit into the suction housing.
  • the central area is designed in the manner according to the invention.
  • annular weir designed as a screen.
  • a preferably circular opening through which the used dryer exhaust air can enter the central area where the suction housing is located and through whose flow openings the exhaust air can enter the suction housing and be suctioned off.
  • the dried solids accumulated on the ring-shaped weir is conveyed via tunnel-like transport channels from the drying zone through the air suction area of the central area to the area of the cooling zone.
  • the tunnel-like transport channels are closed at the top, bottom and sides and therefore have no connection to the air suction area and are each located between the cutouts in the drum wall for suctioning off the dryer and cooler exhaust air.
  • the transport channels can be arranged at an angle to the axis of the device according to the invention, so that the rotation of the device according to the invention exerts a conveying effect on the solid, similar to that caused by the guide vanes in the drying zone as well as in the cooling zone of the dryer / cooler.
  • the entry of the dried solid into the tunnel-like transport channels can be supported by suitable conveyor strips in front of the screen.
  • the angle of inclination is expediently between 0.5 ° and 7 °, preferably between 1 ° and 3 °.
  • the cutouts in the drum wall are preferably designed at the same angle to the axis of the dryer / cooler as the tunnel-like transport channels and thus each lie between the tunnel-like transport channels.
  • Another design of the cutouts in the drum wall e.g. in the form of circular tubes to achieve sufficient stability of the drum wall in this area is conceivable.
  • a screen similar to the weir after the drying zone can be installed, which prevents the solid transported through the tunnel-like transport channels into the cooling zone from running back into the suction area and through the flow openings in the The drum wall in the area of the suction housing falls into the suction housing.
  • the screen In order to enable the used cooling air to pass into the area of the suction, the screen also has a preferably centrally arranged central screen opening, e.g. in the form of a circular cutout.
  • the used and warmed up cooler exhaust air flows through the screen and is extracted together with the exhaust air from the drying zone via the flow opening in the drum wall and via the suction housing located in this area of the drum.
  • the solid After the dried, hot solid has passed through the tunnel-like transport channels in the area of the suction housing, the solid is picked up by lifting and guide vanes and cooled in the cooling zone of the dryer / cooler.
  • a countercurrent flow between the solid and the cooling air in the cooling zone is achieved, whereby a particular efficiency of cooling is achieved.
  • a partition is inserted in the central area between the two screens for the suction of the drying air and the suction of the cooling air, which prevents the two exhaust air flows from mixing.
  • This design of the central area in connection with the divided suction housing enables the separate discharge of the two exhaust air streams and thus variable further use of the two exhaust air streams, e.g. for a return of the heated, still dry cooling air to the drying process or as preheated combustion air for the hot gas generator.
  • Such further use of the exhaust air streams has the advantage of significantly improving the energy balance of the device according to the invention.
  • the design according to the invention allows the heat recovered from the solid to be used for particularly efficient operation of the dryer / cooler.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can also be used on the one hand for suctioning off the drying air and, in contrast to the variant described above, for introducing the cooling air.
  • the cooling air then flows through the cooling zone in cocurrent with the dried solids to be cooled and exits at the end of the drum, where the solids also exit.
  • the hot drying air can also be supplied via the divided housing and the divided central area instead of at the front end of the drum, at which the moist solid is introduced.
  • the drying air then flows through the drying zone in countercurrent to the moist and to be dried solid, which in some practical cases can lead to particularly efficient drying of the solid.
  • this can be provided with thermal insulation.
  • This solids can be discharged downwards via an opening in the lower area of the suction housing of the central area and a solids sluice (eg a rotary valve or a flap).
  • a solids sluice eg a rotary valve or a flap.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a device not belonging to the invention with an inlet housing 1 on the left side.
  • a device for the solids inlet 2 through which the bulk material to be dried and cooled is introduced into the device not belonging to the invention.
  • a burner 3 which has the function of a conventional heating burner and ensures that sufficient hot air is introduced into the device not belonging to the invention.
  • the burner 3 optionally also includes a combustion chamber to achieve a uniform air inlet temperature and to prevent the flame of the burner from burning open in the dryer.
  • the inlet housing 1 is installed in a stationary manner and the drum of the device not belonging to the invention is rotatably supported with the race 11 on the rollers 12.
  • a direct motor, a pinion with gear, a toothed ring or a chain drive can be used as the drive mechanism.
  • this amount When a certain amount of the pourable substance is introduced into the inlet housing 2, this amount has a certain temperature with a certain degree of humidity A 0 .
  • this amount passes through different drying states from A 1 to A n , where A 1 denotes a rather moist state and A n denotes an almost dry, but heated state.
  • the temperature T 1 in the drying zone 6 changes from T 1 , which denotes a rather high temperature, to T n , which denotes a lower temperature.
  • the transport of the pourable material within the drying zone 6 of the drum can take place through various technical measures.
  • Such funding has long been known.
  • the use of guide vanes is to be preferred, since mixing the pourable substance to be dried is advantageous and promotes drying.
  • the pourable material After leaving the drying zone 6 or area A and the central area B, the pourable material should be essentially dry. As already shown schematically in Figure 1 As shown, the drying zone 6 can be made much longer than the cooling zone 7. In the cooling zone 7 or area C, the pourable material is cooled to a predetermined temperature and can leave the device not belonging to the invention as a dried, cooled material.
  • the drying takes place in cocurrent, ie the drying gas stream with temperature T 1 to T n runs in the same direction as the material stream A 1 to A n .
  • the cooling takes place in countercurrent, ie the material flow C 1 to C n takes place against the direction of flow of the cooling air (KL) K 1 to K n .
  • KL cooling air
  • both the heated cooler exhaust air K n and the moist dryer exhaust air T n exit through the central area as exhaust air AL.
  • the central area B has two central diaphragm openings 13A and 13B between the two diaphragms 8A and 8B (see FIG Figure 4 ), which allow the dryer exhaust air T n and the cooler exhaust air K n first to flow through these central aperture openings 13A and 13B to then flow through the flow openings 14A to 14F (see FIG Figure 5 ) to leave the device not belonging to the invention.
  • Dusts and particles carried into the central area with the drying or cooling air are either carried along with the exhaust air AL and can be separated from the air in subsequent separators (exhaust air filters or cyclones not shown), or they fall down and through in the central area as fine material FG the flow openings 14 located at the bottom in the housing 4.
  • the dried and cooled solid FS is shown as the end product on the right-hand side of the device not belonging to the invention Figure 1 issued.
  • Figure 2 shows the same device as Figure 1 apart from the difference that the central area B is formed in two parts according to the invention, ie the drying zone 6 is separated from the cooling zone 7 by a partition 10. Due to the spatial separation of the two areas, it is also necessary that the exhaust air discharge and the fine material discharge also run separately and thus two separation areas are also present in the housing 4.
  • the dryer exhaust air is designated with TAL and the cooler exhaust air with KAL.
  • the two fine material discharges are designated FG1 and FG2.
  • the dried and cooled solid FS is shown as the end product on the right side of the device according to the invention Figure 2 issued.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a central area B with a plurality of guide plates 15A to 15F.
  • the function of the guide plates 15A to 15F is to promote and support the entry of the pourable substances from the drying zone 6 or A into the central area B.
  • the guide plates are preferably slightly inclined in order to allow them to trickle into the tunnel-like channels 9A to 9F. '
  • Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a preferred embodiment of the central area B, but without baffles.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic side view, but the drum wall, which covers the transport channels 9D, 9E and 9F, is not shown.
  • Figure 5 six tunnel-like transport channels 9A to 9F and six throughflow openings 14A to 14F are provided.
  • the tunnel-like transport channels 9A to 9F extend from one panel 8A to the other panel 8B, but the tunnel-like transport channels 9A to 9F run at an angle ⁇ other than 90 °, preferably between 2 ° and 30 °.
  • the angle ⁇ not equal to 90 ° achieves the technical effect that when the central area B rotates clockwise, the pourable material is conveyed into the tunnel-like transport channels 9A to 9F in the direction of arrow AC and there, comparable to a conveyor wheel in position 9D to 9F is received in the drying zone 6 and released again in the position 9A and 9B, but in the area of the cooling zone 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP17771333.6A 2016-10-04 2017-09-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trocknen oder erhitzen und kühlen von schüttbaren stoffen Active EP3523586B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17771333T PL3523586T3 (pl) 2016-10-04 2017-09-12 Aparatura i sposób suszenia lub podgrzewania i chłodzenia materiałów sypkich

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016011907.1A DE102016011907A1 (de) 2016-10-04 2016-10-04 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen oder Erhitzen und Kühlen von schüttbaren Stoffen
PCT/EP2017/001080 WO2018065082A1 (de) 2016-10-04 2017-09-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trocknen oder erhitzen und kühlen von schüttbaren stoffen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3523586A1 EP3523586A1 (de) 2019-08-14
EP3523586B1 true EP3523586B1 (de) 2020-10-21

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EP17771333.6A Active EP3523586B1 (de) 2016-10-04 2017-09-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trocknen oder erhitzen und kühlen von schüttbaren stoffen

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US (1) US20200141648A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP3523586B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA3039078C (pl)
DE (1) DE102016011907A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2842449T3 (pl)
MA (1) MA46444B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3523586T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2018065082A1 (pl)

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CN110849110A (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-02-28 安徽金砖建筑节能材料有限公司 一种湿沙处理用高效三回程滚筒烘干机
CN114659349B (zh) * 2020-12-23 2025-04-22 林斌 一种风干装置
CN112923687A (zh) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-08 淄博高新区成大机械设计研究所 一种胶囊自动反转转仓的干燥定型装置及其使用方法
CN113587587A (zh) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-02 郑州市同鼎机械设备有限公司 带有减磨条的外筒及具有该外筒的三回程烘砂机
CN113758183B (zh) * 2021-09-03 2022-12-13 泉州市交发泓盛材料科技有限责任公司 用于干混砂浆生产线的骨料烘干滚筒及烘干方法
CN115183538A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-10-14 鄂尔多斯市海川能源科技有限公司 一种压裂砂振动流化床干燥系统
CN115751972B (zh) * 2023-01-06 2023-10-27 江苏利卡维智能科技有限公司 一种列管行星气氛炉及其组合工作系统

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Publication number Publication date
DE102016011907A1 (de) 2018-04-05
WO2018065082A1 (de) 2018-04-12
ES2842449T3 (es) 2021-07-14
PL3523586T3 (pl) 2021-04-19
CA3039078C (en) 2022-08-30
CA3039078A1 (en) 2018-04-12
EP3523586A1 (de) 2019-08-14
US20200141648A1 (en) 2020-05-07
MA46444B1 (fr) 2020-12-31

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