EP3507493B1 - Verdichter - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3507493B1
EP3507493B1 EP17761188.6A EP17761188A EP3507493B1 EP 3507493 B1 EP3507493 B1 EP 3507493B1 EP 17761188 A EP17761188 A EP 17761188A EP 3507493 B1 EP3507493 B1 EP 3507493B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
suction
housing
kidney
gear pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17761188.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3507493A1 (de
Inventor
Alexander LIBERT
Markus BESEMER
Wolfgang SANDKÖTTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bock GmbH
Original Assignee
GEA Bock GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEA Bock GmbH filed Critical GEA Bock GmbH
Publication of EP3507493A1 publication Critical patent/EP3507493A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3507493B1 publication Critical patent/EP3507493B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0261Hermetic compressors with an auxiliary oil pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/02Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
    • F25B31/023Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units with compressor of reciprocating-piston type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M11/12Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0238Rotary pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0253Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the pump driving means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compressor, in particular for compressing refrigerant, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Compressors are used in many areas of modern life.
  • An example of this is the generation of compressed air (compressed air) for a variety of purposes, such as for filling tires, breathing apparatuses, etc.
  • Another example is the compression of (in particular technical) gases for storage and transportation thereof, for example in corresponding gas bottles. Examples of this are nitrogen, oxygen, acetylene and other gases which are used, for example, as combustion or protective gases in welding processes.
  • compressors are often used in particular for the compression or compression of refrigerants, such as R134a (tetrafluoroethane) or R744 (CO 2 ), particularly due to the increasing air conditioning of rooms and vehicles and also due to the constantly increasing need for cooling goods.
  • From the EP 0 054 966 A2 is, for example, a refrigerant compressor with a housing enclosing a compressor section and a drive section containing an electric motor, a crankshaft driven by the rotor of this electric motor, an oil pipe, the upper end of which is connected to an opening of a mounting base portion which is connected to a bearing of the crankshaft is fixed to be substantially concentric therewith and the lower end of which is immersed in a lubricating oil collected in the housing, and with a screw-type oil supply device which is arranged in the oil pipe and connected at its upper end to the end of the crankshaft and the like the lower end is immersed in the lubricating oil, the crankshaft being supported essentially horizontally, the oil tube being curved and the screw-type oil supply device consisting of a coil spring, the adjacent turns of which are in close contact with one another, are known.
  • the compressors used are reciprocating compressors, examples of which are used
  • Axial piston compressors and radial piston compressors are mentioned.
  • Such compressors generally have a compressor housing, in which at least one piston is arranged so that it can move back and forth in a cylinder or a cylinder bore.
  • the pistons are often driven by an electric motor.
  • Such compressors often have oil sump lubrication, the oil sump in the compressor in an installation or working position extending upwards from a lower side of the housing or lower edge of the housing to a certain oil level. It is important to ensure that the motor does not dip into the oil sump, which means that the corresponding compressors have to be relatively large.
  • a compressor in particular a compressor for compressing gases, in particular for compressing refrigerant, which has a smaller or more compact size compared to compressors according to the prior art.
  • a corresponding compressor in particular a compressor for compressing gases, furthermore in particular for compressing refrigerant, has a compressor housing and at least one piston which is arranged to move back and forth in a cylinder and which is driven by an electric motor.
  • the compressor also has oil sump lubrication, the oil sump in the compressor in a working position or an installation position extending from an underside or lower edge of the housing to a predetermined oil level or oil level.
  • the compressor has a lubrication, in particular pressure circulation lubrication, with a lubricant delivery device, the lubricant delivery device being connected to the oil sump and provided for the suction of lubricant from the oil sump.
  • the electric motor has a housing which delimits a housing interior in which the electric motor is arranged, the electric motor including the housing extending into the oil sump of the compressor and the housing having a suction opening which is equipped with a suction device which is used to extract air from the Lubricant entering the interior of the housing is provided is connected, wherein the suction device and the lubricant delivery device are implemented by a single gear pump, which has a first and a second suction opening, the first and the second suction opening being separated from one another, and wherein the first suction opening for suction into the interior of the housing provided lubricant is provided, and the second suction opening is provided for sucking in lubricant from the oil sump.
  • the electric motor of the compressor is arranged in a so-called dry sump, since oil or lubricant which enters the interior of the housing (in particular leakage oil) can be extracted via the suction opening arranged in the housing.
  • both the suction device and the lubricant delivery device which are implemented by a single pump, are implemented by an internal gear pump. This is a robust construction.
  • the gear pump has at least two gear wheels, which have gear teeth, the gear teeth having a tooth width, which is measured in particular at their base or at their half extent, the first and second suction openings being separated from one another by at least one tooth width are separated.
  • the gear pump can have a pressure kidney for the discharge of pumped oil. Furthermore, the gear pump can have a first and a second suction kidney as the first and second suction opening, the first suction kidney being in communication or fluid communication with the housing interior via a first suction pipe and the second suction kidney being connected via a second suction pipe which is located in the oil sump of the Compressor stretches in, is connected to the oil sump. It should be noted at this point that the first suction kidney and / or the second suction kidney alternatively directly with the Housing interior / oil sump can be connected or can be arranged on or in the same. The position of the suction kidneys is determined by the relative amount of the fluid to be extracted at the respective suction openings.
  • the gear pump in normal operation has a working direction of rotation or conveying direction in which the medium to be conveyed is conveyed, the first suction kidney, viewed in relation to the working direction, having a smaller extent in the circumferential direction than that in FIG Regarding the working direction seen second suction kidney Due to the position of the suction kidneys relative to an expansion space in the pump, the respective volumes and the delivery behavior of the pump can be influenced, the above arrangement leading to the safe maintenance of the dry sump with good absorption of the lubricant still required from the oil sump. This also ensures good lubrication performance, with the dry sump remaining oil-free.
  • the internal gear pump preferably has a pump housing that limits it at least in sections to the outside, and an internal rotor and an external rotor, both of which are provided with teeth.
  • the inner rotor is usually designed as an external gear, i.e. as a gear which has a toothing whose tooth tips are oriented radially outwards
  • the outer rotor is usually designed as an internal gear, that is to say as a wheel-shaped device which extends radially inwards is recessed and has an inward toothing from the outside.
  • the first and the second suction kidneys are arranged in the pump housing and are separated from one another by at least a distance which corresponds to a width of an intermeshing pair of teeth of the outer rotor and the inner rotor. Both the first and the second suction kidneys are preferably arranged in a pump cover, that is to say on the same side of the pump.
  • the compressor optionally has a suction gas feed into the compressor housing, through which gas to be compressed, in particular refrigerant, is fed into the compressor housing, and a suction gas outlet of the suction gas feed inside the compressor housing, the suction gas outlet being arranged on a top side of the compressor.
  • the housing has one Suction gas inlet, via which suction gas can enter the housing interior, in particular for cooling the electric motor, the suction gas inlet being arranged on an upper side of the housing interior. This enables installation or operation of the compressor in an inclined position up to relatively large angles of inclination.
  • the suction gas outlet is arranged in such a way that the suction gas enters it tangentially to the compressor housing.
  • the tangential suction gas inlet into the compressor housing or the compressor outer housing already achieves an oil separation of over 90% of the oil in the suction flow.
  • further oil which is still in the suction gas, is sprayed onto the stator by the centrifugal action of the rotor, where it can coagulate and run to the bottom of the housing.
  • the two housings also form an excellent oil separator.
  • the compressor can have a high-pressure volume into which the compressed medium, in particular refrigerant, is expelled after the compression process, the high-pressure volume being associated with a pulsation damper for damping pulsations in the expelled medium.
  • the compressor is designed to compress CO 2 .
  • the compressor 10 shown in the figures is a reciprocating piston compressor, more precisely a radial piston compressor, which (compare in particular to this Figure 7 ) has six pistons 12, which are arranged to move back and forth in corresponding cylinders (not shown).
  • the compressor has a compressor housing 14, which in the embodiment shown completely encloses it.
  • An electric motor 16 which is enclosed by means of a housing 18, is used to drive the pistons 12.
  • the compressor 10 described is a compressor 10 with oil sump lubrication, an oil sump 20 (in a working or operating position or an installation position of the compressor 10) extending from an underside 22 of the housing to a predetermined oil level (oil level) 24 extends.
  • the electric motor 16 is arranged in a housing interior 26 delimited by the housing 18 and extends together with the housing 18 into the oil sump 20 of the compressor 10.
  • the housing interior 26 is oil-free or oil sump-free.
  • the electric motor 16, which is arranged in the housing interior 26 is arranged in a dry sump in the housing interior 26.
  • the housing 18 has a suction opening 28 in the form of a recess which is connected or fluid communication by means of a first suction line 30 to a suction device or pump in the form of an internal gear pump 32.
  • the first suction line 30 connects the suction opening 28 to a first suction opening in the form of a first suction kidney 34 of the internal gear pump 32. This ensures reliable suction of oil, which can in particular penetrate into the housing 18 from the lubricant circuit of the compressor.
  • the internal gear pump 32 also has a second suction opening in the form of a second suction kidney 36, which is in fluid communication with the oil sump 20 via a second suction line 38. This ensures reliable delivery of oil by the internal gear pump 32.
  • the compressor 10 has a pressure circulation lubrication which, by means of the lubricant delivery device by delivering lubricant (oil) from the oil sump, which in the present embodiment is formed by the internal gear pump 32, lubricates the lubrication points, in particular bearing points and the like.
  • the internal gear pump 32 serves at the same time as a suction device, by means of which oil that possibly penetrates into the interior 26 of the housing can be sucked off.
  • the double function of the internal gear pump 32 ensures, in a structurally simple design, both good lubricating performance and reliable maintenance of the dry sump in which the electric motor 16 is arranged, that is to say that the oil sump freedom of the interior 26 of the compressor 10 is reliably ensured.
  • the internal gear pump 32 has a pressure kidney 40 for discharging the conveyed oil, which is in communication or fluid communication via corresponding lines (not shown) with lubrication points, in particular bearing points which are to be lubricated.
  • the internal gear pump 32 has a pump housing 42 with a pump cover 44. Both the pump housing 42 and the pump cover 44 limit the Internal gear pump 32 to the outside.
  • both the first suction kidney 34 and the second suction kidney 36 and the pressure kidney 40 are each arranged in the pump cover 44 in the form of corresponding cutouts.
  • the first suction kidney 34 and / or the second suction kidney 36 and / or the pressure kidney 40 is / are not arranged on the pump cover 44 but on the pump housing 42, for example on a side opposite the pump cover 44.
  • the first suction kidney 34 and the second suction kidney 36 are spatially spaced apart.
  • the distance is at least a width of one tooth of either an external rotor 46 of the internal gear pump 32 or an internal rotor 48 of the internal gear pump 32 (which are identical).
  • the width of the tooth is defined as the extension at the base of the tooth. This ensures that the volume assigned to the first suction kidney 34 and the volume assigned to the second suction kidney 36 in the pump, which are formed by the outer rotor 46 and the inner rotor 48, remain separate from one another and the inner gear pump 32, provided that they are in a working position.
  • Direction of rotation in the embodiment described here, the pump rotates to the right, ie from the first suction kidney 34 in the direction of the second suction kidney 36), first sucks off oil from the housing interior 26 and then draws oil from the oil sump.
  • the gear pump has the working direction of rotation in normal operation and the first suction kidney, viewed in relation to the working direction, which corresponds to the first suction kidney 34 in the embodiment described here, has a smaller extent in the circumferential direction than that in FIG With regard to the working direction, the second suction kidney corresponds to the second suction kidney 36 in the embodiment described here.
  • the large chamber corresponding to the larger (second) suction kidney 36 would first be filled with oil, and when the opening associated with the first (smaller) suction kidney 34 is then reached, the oil has the chance to to escape that direction. This results in a lower delivery rate. This applies when the main oil is drawn in from the chamber assigned to the second suction grille and the dry sump only brings a subset of the lubricant.
  • the partial amount is in particular 0% - 50%, preferably 0% - 40%, further preferably 0% - 25%.
  • the compressor 10 also has a suction gas supply 50, which passes from the outside through the compressor housing 14 and opens into the interior of the compressor housing 14.
  • the suction gas supply 50 is arranged in such a way that a suction gas outlet 52 of the suction gas supply 50 ensures tangential gas guidance in the compressor 10 for improved oil separation.
  • the suction gas outlet 52 is accordingly arranged such that the suction gas enters the same tangentially to the compressor housing 14.
  • the suction gas introduced into the compressor housing 14 is then guided via a suction gas inlet 54 in the form of a recess in the housing 18 into the housing interior 26 in which the electric motor 16 is arranged, the suction gas passing through the electric motor 16 and thereby cooling it.
  • FIG. 2 This is particularly out Figure 2 can be seen where the suction gas flow is indicated by corresponding arrows 56, 58 and 60. After flowing through the electric motor 16, the suction gas is drawn into the cylinders of the compressor 10 in order to then be discharged into a high-pressure volume 62 in the compressed state.
  • the high-pressure volume 62 has a pulsation damper 64 for damping pulsations which are caused by the compression process, in particular the discharge of the pressurized gas or refrigerant into the high-pressure volume 62. At the same time, this ensures low noise.
  • the compressor 10 is designed as a compressor for CO 2 and is constructed in a hermetic construction.
  • a semi-hermetic design of the compressor is conceivable. It can therefore be stated that a compressor 10 according to the present invention can be designed both hermetically and semi-hermetically.
  • the pistons 12 in the embodiment described above are made of steel. This leads to a significantly reduced thermal expansion compared to aluminum pistons. Steel pistons are particularly suitable for absorbing or coping with the forces that arise when CO 2 is used as a refrigerant. The low thermal also ensures Expansion of the steel for high operational reliability even at high compression ratios, where a large amount of heat is expected.
  • high pressure is present only in the high-pressure volume 62 and the associated high-pressure line 66, which serves to discharge the compressed medium from the compressor. Otherwise, the entire remaining interior of the compressor housing 14 is at low pressure (suction pressure).
  • Fig. 7 the construction of the drive device (drive shaft 68) including the pistons, which are moved back and forth in a radial direction by means of connecting rods 70, can be seen.
  • a mass balance takes place by means of suitable mass balance weights 72 and 74.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
EP17761188.6A 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Verdichter Active EP3507493B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016010567.4A DE102016010567A1 (de) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 Verdichter
PCT/EP2017/001031 WO2018041403A1 (de) 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Verdichter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3507493A1 EP3507493A1 (de) 2019-07-10
EP3507493B1 true EP3507493B1 (de) 2020-06-10

Family

ID=59761916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17761188.6A Active EP3507493B1 (de) 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Verdichter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3507493B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN109642562B (zh)
DE (1) DE102016010567A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2018041403A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3211365A (en) 1961-10-16 1965-10-12 Copeland Refrigeration Corp Compressor structure
US3877853A (en) * 1971-07-08 1975-04-15 Borg Warner Vane controlling system for rotary sliding vane compressor
DE2709002C3 (de) * 1977-03-02 1980-09-11 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg (Daenemark) Verdichteraggregat, insbesondere für Kältemaschinen
JPS57105587A (en) * 1980-12-22 1982-07-01 Matsushita Refrig Co Compressor for refrigerant
IT1266941B1 (it) * 1994-09-28 1997-01-21 Embraco Italia S P A Motocompressore avente ingombro laterale ridotto.
CN1125960C (zh) * 1999-05-08 2003-10-29 三菱电机株式会社 电冰箱
KR100442384B1 (ko) * 2001-10-23 2004-07-30 엘지전자 주식회사 대향형 왕복동식 압축기의 윤활유 공급 장치
JP2005180313A (ja) * 2003-12-19 2005-07-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 圧縮機
DE102005038784B3 (de) * 2005-08-17 2007-05-03 Danfoss Compressors Gmbh Linearverdichter, insbesondere Kältemittelverdichter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016010567A1 (de) 2018-03-08
CN109642562B (zh) 2020-08-21
WO2018041403A1 (de) 2018-03-08
CN109642562A (zh) 2019-04-16
EP3507493A1 (de) 2019-07-10

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