EP3505659A1 - Procédé et dispositif de filage des filaments à déviation - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de filage des filaments à déviation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3505659A1
EP3505659A1 EP18191628.9A EP18191628A EP3505659A1 EP 3505659 A1 EP3505659 A1 EP 3505659A1 EP 18191628 A EP18191628 A EP 18191628A EP 3505659 A1 EP3505659 A1 EP 3505659A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
deflection
coagulation bath
fluid
extrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18191628.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Zikeli
Friedrich Ecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
One-A Engineering Austria GmbH
Aurotec GmbH
Original Assignee
One-A Engineering Austria GmbH
Aurotec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by One-A Engineering Austria GmbH, Aurotec GmbH filed Critical One-A Engineering Austria GmbH
Priority to EP18191628.9A priority Critical patent/EP3505659A1/fr
Priority to TW108103310A priority patent/TWI793257B/zh
Priority to KR2020190000470U priority patent/KR20200000558U/ko
Priority to FI20195076A priority patent/FI20195076A1/en
Priority to CN201910496372.0A priority patent/CN110872732B/zh
Publication of EP3505659A1 publication Critical patent/EP3505659A1/fr
Priority to CN201980056832.6A priority patent/CN112639181A/zh
Priority to ES19758989T priority patent/ES2954061T3/es
Priority to PCT/EP2019/073163 priority patent/WO2020043860A1/fr
Priority to CA3109240A priority patent/CA3109240A1/fr
Priority to US17/271,151 priority patent/US11946165B2/en
Priority to EP19758989.8A priority patent/EP3844328B1/fr
Priority to BR112021002686-0A priority patent/BR112021002686A2/pt
Priority to FIEP19758989.8T priority patent/FI3844328T3/fi
Priority to KR1020217009061A priority patent/KR20210044881A/ko
Priority to PT197589898T priority patent/PT3844328T/pt
Priority to ZA2021/00726A priority patent/ZA202100726B/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/06—Washing or drying
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D7/00—Collecting the newly-spun products

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the shaping and treatment of extruded synthetic fibers after their solidification.
  • Cellulose can be dissolved in aqueous solutions of amine oxides, in particular solutions of N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), to produce from the resulting spinning solution spin-products, such as filaments, staple fibers, films, etc.
  • NMMO N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide
  • This is done by precipitation of the extrudates in water or dilute amine oxide solutions after the extrudates are fed from the extruder via a gas gap into the precipitation bath.
  • cellulose solutions in the range of 4% to 23% are used for processing into extrusion products.
  • the precipitated extrudates are conveyed on in the form of film or filament strands, with suitable roller draw-offs applying the required stretching forces (in the gas gap). This process is also called Lyocellclar or obtained cellulose filaments Lyocellfilêt Düsseldorf.
  • the US 4,416,698 relates to an extrusion or spinning process for cellulose solutions to form cellulose into filaments.
  • a fluid spinning material a solution of cellulose and NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) or other tertiary amines - formed by extrusion and placed in a precipitation bath for solidification and expansion.
  • the WO 94/28218 A1 describes a process for producing cellulose filaments in which a cellulose solution is formed into a plurality of strands via a die. These strands are brought into a precipitation bath through a gas-flow gap and discharged continuously.
  • CA 2057133 A1 describes a process for the production of cellulose filaments wherein a dope is extruded and introduced via an air gap into a cooled NMMO containing water bath.
  • the WO 03/014432 A1 describes a precipitation bath with central thread removal device below a cover film.
  • the EP 1 900 860 AI describes a 2-step coagulation bath of a spinner, the baths having different compositions may have H 2 SO 4 .
  • the WO 97/33020 A1 relates to a process for producing cellulosic fibers, in which a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide is extruded through spinning holes of a spinneret, the extruded filaments are passed through an air gap, a precipitation bath and via a draw-off device, with which the filaments are drawn, which stretched Filaments are further processed to cellulosic fibers, wherein the stretched filaments during the further processing of a tensile stress in the longitudinal direction of not more than 5.5 cN / tex are exposed.
  • the DE 10200405 A1 describes a Lyocellvortechnische with Beblasungsvortechnisch in the gas gap. Mentioned is a Klallbadvortechnisch in which a filament curtain is immersed in the precipitation bath, is deflected in the precipitation bath and leaves the precipitation bath obliquely upwards to a bundling device again. Since bundling on a single strand, a strong bundling is to be expected during the diversion.
  • WO 02/12600 For example, a spinning process is described wherein the maximum economic spinning speed can be calculated from a formula reference based on fiber titer, spinline row number, and a variable operating parameter.
  • the WO 96/20300 describes deflection angle of filaments in Lyocell compiler according to a formula reference.
  • the WO 2014/057022 describes serial spinning baths with different media.
  • the aim of the present invention is to minimize the frictional force load of each individual filament at deflection points, thus enabling higher productivity and higher spinning speeds.
  • Such a frictional force occurs in spinning baths in which rigid deflection devices due to the medium must be used or deflection devices with driven or free-rotating rollers, such as. in a deduction mechanism for the filaments.
  • the present invention provides the user with a computational power to evaluate its system for the frictional load imposed on the filaments and, with appropriate provisions, to adjust the system so that the frictional force load on all filaments in direct contact with the diverter can be kept to a minimum.
  • a further object of the present invention is to ensure the manual handling of the filament curtain and accessibility to the deflection point in the treatment zone between the spinneret and the extractor without having to use expensive and trouble-prone piecing aids or take-off devices.
  • the invention provides a process for producing cellulose cellulosic filaments from a fluid of the cellulose, extruding the fluid through a plurality of extrusion orifices to form fluid filaments, preferably passing the fluid filaments through a gas gap, and solidifying the filaments in a coagulation bath Filaments in the coagulation bath be bundled and deflected as a bundle to be deducted from the coagulation above the Koagulationsbadmony, wherein the bundle of filaments on a deflection device occupies a deflection width L, which according to the formula 1: L > 2 ⁇ lz ⁇ cos B / 2 ⁇ v 2 . 5 / 10 ⁇ c cell 0 .
  • Q L is the deflection width of the bundle in mm
  • LZ is the number of extrusion openings
  • B is the deflection angle calculated from 180 ° minus the angle of wrap of the filaments around the deflection device in degrees
  • v the withdrawal speed of the filaments in meters per second
  • c cell the cellulose concentration of the extruded fluid in mass%
  • Q is a dimensionless load number, where Q is 15 or less.
  • the invention relates to a device suitable for carrying out this method, comprising an extrusion plate having a plurality of extrusion openings, a collecting tank for a coagulation bath, preferably a gas gap between the extrusion openings and the collecting container, a deflection device in the collecting container for deflecting a filament bundle from the collecting container, and a bundling device having a Umlenkumble L of the filament bundle to the deflection caused, wherein the filament bundle to the deflection device assumes a Umlenkbreite L which satisfies the aforementioned formula 1 wherein L, LZ, B, v, c cell and Q have the meaning given above, Q is 15 or less and v is at least 35 m / min, for which the device is thus designed.
  • the invention also relates to a method of producing solid cellulose filaments from a fluid of cellulose by extruding the fluid through a plurality of extrusion orifices, thereby forming fluid filaments, preferably passing the fluid filaments through a gas gap, and solidifying the Filaments in a coagulation bath, wherein the filaments are bundled in the coagulation bath and deflected as a bundle to be withdrawn above the coagulation bath level from the coagulation bath, the extrusion openings being arranged along a length LL and the bundle of filaments on a diverter a deflection width L occupies, which is at least 70% of the length LL.
  • the invention also relates to a device suitable for carrying out this method, comprising an extrusion plate having a plurality of extrusion openings, a collecting container for a coagulation bath, preferably a gas gap between the extrusion openings and the collecting container, a deflection device in the collecting container for deflecting a filament bundle from the collecting container, and a Bundling device which causes a deflection width L of the filament bundle on the deflection device, wherein the extrusion openings are arranged over a length LL and the bundle of filaments on the deflection device assumes a deflection width L of at least 70% of the length LL.
  • Preferred process characteristics also correspond to properties or suitabilities of the device or its corresponding components and preferred device features also correspond to agents used in the method according to the invention. All preferred features can be combined unless explicitly excluded. All process features, including those of the above, can be combined. All device features, including those of the above, can be combined.
  • the invention relates to the deflection of filament curtains or at least unilaterally bundled filament bundles.
  • the diversion takes place in the coagulation bath in order to transport the filaments out of the bath.
  • the filaments are brought together in the normal to the deflection axis, so that the filaments lie in the first layer on a deflection device and in the other layers on each other. This results in the material stress as already mentioned, especially at high speeds.
  • the deflection width has been increased by at any, even high speeds of e.g. 35 m / min or higher to remove the filaments.
  • filament bundle therefore includes tapes of filaments guided together having a width and a height in cross-section, the width being greater than the height.
  • the above formula 1 with Q of 15 or smaller relates in particular to the redirection in the coagulation bath, in which the flocks are particularly susceptible to the friction effects mentioned in the summary due to the temperature control and the swelling conditions.
  • the coagulation bath is part of the treatment zone of the extruded filaments.
  • the filaments In the lyocell process, the filaments have not yet reached their final structure and stability.
  • the structure and stability initially changes due to stretching (mainly in the gas gap) and solvent exchange (mainly in the coagulation bath). Material changes can still occur after export from the coagulation bath, so that the path of the filaments / extrudates between the spinneret outlet and a washing out of solvent from the filaments / extrudates, including a take-off unit, is referred to as a treatment zone.
  • extrudates Since the extruded filaments have not yet their final shape, they are also referred to as "extrudates" in the treatment zone.
  • a deduction mechanism is a device which applies the necessary warping forces for thread formation and the frictional forces that occur on the filaments / extrudates during transport from the spinneret to the withdrawal unit. Due to the hydrodynamic conditions, the danger of winders in the case of driven or free-rotating deflectors is very great within the coagulation bath, so that fixed deflectors are preferably used within the coagulation bath. Outside the coagulation bath, if possible, only a small deflection should take place with fixed deflectors, or free-turning or driven deflecting devices should be used.
  • the filaments / extrudates are less susceptible to frictional effects, so that smaller deflection widths L calculated as calculated according to formula 1 are used. However, a certain width, in particular for deflecting the deduction mechanism, is still complied with since frictional effects also occur here.
  • the extraction unit has the task, depending on the hole throughput (per extrusion opening) to ensure the required take-off speed.
  • a take-off unit imparts the drawing speed to the filaments / extrudates by means of driven or several deflection devices, such as rollers or rollers.
  • the deflection force of the roll is first transferred to the internal filaments / extrudates, which in turn transmit the force to further outward filaments / extrudates.
  • Extrusion ports may be holes or holes in an extrusion plate, as well as capillaries. For all these possibilities, the number of Extrusion openings also called number of holes. The withdrawal can be made in a gas space into which the filaments enter after being discharged from the coagulation bath.
  • a machine part is referred to as a deflection device, which allows a change of direction of individual extrudates, extruded curtains or extrudate bundles, the deflection width L of the deflected curtain is preferably not influenced by the deflection itself.
  • such deflection devices can be designed as a rigid deflection device or rotating deflection device.
  • Rotating deflection devices can be designed with or without drive.
  • Rotating deflection devices have the advantage that low frictional forces between extrudate and deflection device can occur and thus an extremely gentle deflection can take place - with the exception of a deflection in a trigger mechanism when transferring forces from the deflection device to the filaments / extrudates.
  • the disadvantage of rotating deflection devices is that due to the stickiness of individual extrudates they can adhere to the rotating deflection device, whereby winder, tears and other disturbances can arise.
  • Extrudatvor linen or bundles rigid deflection devices for example in the form of rods, coils, cage deflectors or in any other form are preferred.
  • a deflection device is used in the coagulation bath.
  • Two or more deflection devices are also possible in the coagulation bath, giving greater options for (larger) deflection angle B per deflection are possible.
  • formula 1 is fulfilled by the first, preferably also the second or even each deflection device in the coagulation bath.
  • “First”, “second” etc. in this sense refers to the procedural proximity to the extrusion and the order in which the filaments / extrudates pass the diverters.
  • the filaments / extrudates are kept at a certain deflection width as a band, since here too, in particular in a deduction mechanism, frictional forces act which can cause damage during deflection.
  • the deflection width after the coagulation bath may be lower than in the coagulation bath, since negative effects on the filament stability due to temperature and swelling may be lower.
  • L outside the coagulation bath at least at a deflection width L outside , which L according to formula 1 (with Q less than or equal to 15) divided by 30, preferably divided by 20, preferably divided by 10, in particular preferably divided by 5, is deflected and / or the filament bundle on this width L outside (even between the deflecting) held - at least up to a trigger mechanism and / or a washing device.
  • L can be calculated externally according to formula 1, whereby a higher value for Q can be used, namely Q can here take on a value up to 300 or up to 250, eg 10-300 or 40-250.
  • the filament bundle is usually fanned out wider to favor the washing process.
  • L outside can also be at least L according to formula 1 (with Q to 15), eg in the washing process.
  • L outside (deflection or bandwidth outside the coagulation bath) can also be defined independently of L according to formula 1.
  • L outside is chosen so that at the given take-off speed, a filament density per mm deflection width of at most 7000 dtex / mm, preferably of at most 6000 dtex / mm, at most 5000 dtex / mm, particularly preferably of at most 4000 dtex / mm results.
  • This deflection or bandwidth outside of the coagulation bath L is preferably maintained outside at the immediate next deflection after exiting the filaments / extrudates from the coagulation, since here the filaments / extrudates are even more sensitive, and / or adhered to the deduction, since here due to a power transmission the filaments / extrudates are particularly affected become.
  • the filament bundles are always held at least on the outside width L throughout the treatment zone or during the entire processing of the filaments / extrudates until snow-and / or winding up of the final products after leaving the coagulation bath.
  • the processing process usually involves the following areas: spinning in the coagulation bath (as above), removing from the coagulation bath, drawing off via a draw-off, washing, drying, winding and / or cutting the filaments as final products.
  • a spinning process comprising the following steps: extrusion through a spinneret, passing the filaments / extrudates through a gas gap (in which preferably a gas stream is blown, see below) into a coagulation bath (precipitation bath), deflecting the filaments / extrudates in the precipitation bath, preferably by a deflection device relative to the spinneret, removing the coagulated filaments / extrudates from the coagulation bath, deflection of the filaments / extrudates outside the coagulation bath and without further bundling with other coagulated filaments / extrudates, feeding the filaments / extrudates to a take-off ( Also referred to trigger member or trigger device) and / or drawing device, as well as continuation to a filament receiving unit and / or drafting, washing, drying and possibly further steps as desired.
  • a take-off Also referred to trigger member or trigger device
  • drawing device also referred to continuation to a filament receiving unit and
  • the device has appropriate apparatuses for this purpose.
  • the method may comprise the following steps: extrusion through a spinneret, passage of the filaments / extrudates through a gas gap (in which preferably a gas stream is injected, see below) into a coagulation bath, deflection outside the coagulation bath, bundling or merging with further filaments / Extrudates, feeding the filaments / extrudates to one or more drawers, washing, drying and, if necessary, further steps, or apparatus therefor, as desired.
  • driven rollers or rollers may be combined with non-driven ones, such as in FIG CN 105887226 (A ).
  • in the Deductor can also be a heat treatment, such as drying, eg as in CN 205133803 U be described.
  • a piecing aid as in CN205258674U described, be used; However, this is only to help and not essential.
  • a dryer may be provided, wherein prior to drying / drying one or more further treatment step (s) such.
  • the finishing of the filaments / extrudates or a finishing device can be provided.
  • other process steps such as dyeing, crosslinking, ultrasonic treatments can be carried out before drying; or devices or apparatus are provided for this purpose.
  • a cutting device for cutting
  • a winding device for winding
  • a tensile force is exerted on the filaments / extrudates of less than or equal to 3 cN / dtex, preferably less than or equal to 2 cN / dtex or less than or equal to 1.5 cN / dtex.
  • the filament bundles of several spinning stations can be combined to form a combined overall bundle.
  • a combination takes place immediately after or at the exit from the coagulation bath, so that the downstream equipment parts, such as deduction or washing, can be applied to the entire bundle.
  • the width L or L on the outside is usually stated herein with respect to a spinning station and increases accordingly after the combination.
  • L outside for example, per spinning position at least 8 mm, for example 8 mm to 100 mm, preferably 12 mm to 70 mm.
  • the bundling device refers to a machine part which narrows the deflection width of the extrudate curtain due to the geometric shape of the bundling device and thereby forms an extrudate bundle from a flat or tubular or also round or otherwise shaped curtain of extrudates.
  • a directional change of the shaped extrudate bundle is also forced by the bundling device.
  • the Bundling device also be a deflection, apply to the rules of the invention and preferably embodiments.
  • Bundling devices can be designed to be rigid or rotating analogous to the description of the deflection. The same materials can be used.
  • Extrudatvorier or bundles rigid bundling devices in the form of rods, coils, cage deflectors, hooks, eyelets, U-guides or executed in any other form devices are preferably used.
  • the load factor Q is an empirical measure of the filaments superimposed on the deflection device. The lower, the more gentle the process. L must be selected the larger.
  • Q should be 15 or smaller in the coagulation bath, preferably Q 12 or less, preferably 8 or less or 5 or less.
  • Q is 2 or greater, preferably 3 or greater, or 4 or 5 or greater, more preferably wherein Q is 2 to 15, or more preferably 4 to 12.
  • Possible values for Q are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or any value in between.
  • Q can be larger outside the bath.
  • the character L is externally used with Q up to 300. Unless otherwise indicated, Q refers to a redirection in the coagulation bath.
  • the number of extrusion openings determines the number of filaments which must be deflected.
  • the inventive method is designed especially for large, industrially useful sizes.
  • the number of extrusion ports LZ is 2000 or more, preferably 5000 or more, or 10000 or more. Regardless or in combination, LZ may be 500,000 or less, preferably 200,000 or less, 100,000 or less, or 50,000 or less. If larger amounts of product and thus a higher number of filaments are to be produced simultaneously, a plurality of extrusion devices according to the invention can be used to produce a plurality of parallel filament bundles or curtains, possibly in a common coagulation bath or even with a common deflection device.
  • the hole numbers given above refer to a bundle or group of filaments which is deflected and bundled together.
  • the deflection angle B results from the angle of the enclosed to the deflecting filaments and the deflected filaments is included (see figures).
  • a sharper angle exerts stronger shear and friction forces on the filaments.
  • the sharper the angle the larger must be increased (at the same other parameters of formula 1) L.
  • the deflection angle B is an angle of 10 ° to 90 °, preferably 20 ° to 60 ° or 25 ° to 45 °. Unless otherwise indicated, angle B refers to redirecting in the coagulation bath. Outside, eg in a fume cupboard and / or during washing, the deflection angle can be 0 ° to 150 °, in particular every angle in this area, as was specified for example for the angles in the coagulation bath.
  • the take-off speed is made possible by the large deflection widths L.
  • the filaments are pulled through the coagulation bath, usually with the help of a drainage system.
  • the withdrawal unit itself is usually arranged downstream of the coagulation bath, the deflection device and possibly also the bundling device.
  • a corresponding deflection width L is selected.
  • the take-off speed (at the deflection device) is at least 35 m / min.
  • the drawing speed v may be 36 m / min or more, preferably 40 m / min or more or 45 m / min or 50 m / min or more. Regardless or in combination, the take-off speed v may be 200 m / min or less or 150 m / min or less.
  • the fluid used in the process according to the invention is an extrusion medium.
  • This is preferably a solution or mixture of cellulose and other medium components, such as solvents.
  • the cellulose concentration is chosen in usual sizes for Lyocell compiler.
  • the cellulose concentration of the extruded fluid c cell can be 4% to 23%, preferably 6% to 20%, in particular 8% to 18% or 10% to 16% (all% data in% by mass).
  • the extrusion medium in the lyocell process is usually a cellulose solution or melt with NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) and water, as described in the introduction.
  • NMMO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide
  • Other solutions of cellulose, especially ionic solvents of cellulose may also be used.
  • Ionic solvents are for example in WO 2006/000197 A1 described and preferably contain organic cations, such as ammonium, pyrimidium or Imidazoliumkationen, preferably 1, 3-dialkylimidazolium halides.
  • Water is also preferably used here as a solvent additive.
  • Particularly preferred is a solution of cellulose and butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (BMIM), for example with chloride as counterion (BMIMCl), or 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (also preferably as chloride) and water.
  • BMIM butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium
  • BMIMCl chloride as counterion
  • 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium also preferably as chloride
  • the step of passing the fluid filaments through a gas gap in the process of the invention or the gas gap in the device according to the invention is optional, i. may be made / present or not.
  • This step / means differentiates between wet spinning and dry wet spinning.
  • wet spinning the filaments are introduced directly into the coagulation bath.
  • wet dry spinning the gas gap is present and the filaments pass through it first before being introduced into the coagulation bath.
  • the gas gap can optionally (and preferably, especially in large, industrially relevant equipment) blown a gas stream or provided in the device, a fan for this purpose.
  • the injected gas stream preferably has a temperature of from 5 ° C to 65 ° C, preferably from 10 ° C to 40 ° C.
  • the material fluid can be extruded at a temperature of 75 ° C to 160 ° C.
  • the gas gap has a lower temperature than that of the extruded material fluid.
  • a gas flow in the gas gap is conducted at a lower temperature than the extruded material fluid.
  • Possible lengths of the gas gap ie the distance between extrusion openings and coagulation bath, or containers for it, such as a trough, are preferably between 10 mm and 200 mm, in particular between 15 mm and 100 mm, or between 20 mm and 80 mm. Preferably, it is at least 15 mm.
  • the gas in the gas gap is preferably air.
  • the gas stream is preferably an air stream.
  • Other inert gases are also possible.
  • An inert gas is a gas which does not react chemically with the fluid filaments in the gas gap, and preferably also with the solidification medium, such as water or a dilute NMMO in water solution or other solvent constituents, depending on the extrusion medium used.
  • the treatment zone consists essentially of liquid containers, liquid funnels or liquid gutters.
  • the exiting from the spinneret extrudates are directly introduced into the spinning bath liquid for precipitation and / or cooling.
  • the moist (precipitated and / or cooled) extrudates are fed through wash baths and / or through a gas or air space to the extractor.
  • the treatment zone consists essentially of a gas or air gap and downstream liquid containers, liquid funnels or liquid channels.
  • the extrudates emerging from the extrusion openings pass through a gas gap and subsequently a coagulation bath, also called spin bath.
  • the moist (precipitated and / or cooled) extrudates are fed through one or more wash baths and / or through a gas or air space to the extractor.
  • the extrusion orifices are arranged in an elongated shape to form the extruded filaments in a geometry that is favorable for deflection and bundling during the deflection.
  • the longitudinal direction of the arrangement of the extrusion openings therefore preferably also corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the deflection device. Therefore, this longitudinal direction of the deflection device preferably corresponds to a deflection axis (or follows several deflection axes in the case of curved deflection devices).
  • Possible shapes of the arrangement of the extrusion openings are rectangular shape, a curved shape, ring or ring segment shape.
  • the elongate shape may have a length to width ratio of from 100: 1 to 2: 1, preferably from 60: 1 to 5: 1, or from 40: 1 to 10: 1.
  • the extrusion openings preferably have a diameter of 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably of 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m or of 60 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. This can be used for textiles (woven and non-wovens) produce suitable filament.
  • the extrusion throughput is adjusted so that at the given take-off speed, a fiber fineness of the single fibers of 1.3 dtex +/- 50%, preferably +/- 25% or +/- 10%.
  • the extrusion throughput can be adjusted by the pressure of the extruded mass, ie the cellulose solution. Possible pressures are for example 5 to 100 bar, preferably 8 to 40 bar.
  • the extrusion openings may be arranged along a length LL, the deflection width L being at least 70% according to this invention characteristic. , preferably at least 80% or even at least 90%, of the length is LL.
  • the deflection width may also be equal to the length LL or even greater, such as 110% of the length LL or more.
  • L outside is preferably at least 1%, at least 3%, preferably at least 5% or even at least 10%, of the length LL.
  • L outside is preferably at most 50% of the length LL. All method parameters and device settings according to the invention can be combined with one another.
  • a particularly preferred combination is a take-off speed v of 40 m / min to 150 m / min and a load factor Q of 4 to 13 or 5 to 12.
  • the liquid treatment zone in the dry-wet spinning process can be designed in various ways, some variants are based on the FIGS. 1 . 2a . 2 B . 2c . 3a and 3b described. Experimental parameters and results are given in Table 1: In Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the liquid treatment zone is shown as a spinning cone. In this variant, the spinning bath liquid is fed via a feed point (1) into a funnel-shaped container (6). The funnel-shaped container (6) has a bottom opening at the lower end.
  • a bundling device (2) inserted into the bottom opening, part of the supplied spinning bath is discharged together with the extrudates (4) which are passed through the spinning hopper from top to bottom. Via an overflow edge (3), the excess part of the spinning bath is removed. The overflow edge (3) also serves to adjust the air gap (7).
  • the extrudates emerging from the spinneret (5) are bundled vertically downwards and discharged out of the spinning funnel via a bundling device (2).
  • the cross section of the bundling device (2) can be round, oval, polygonal or slot-shaped.
  • the deflection width (L) is that portion of the deflection device on which the extrudates actually abut and be deflected or bundled.
  • the deflection width (L) results from the product of bundling diameter (D) and the circle number (3.1415).
  • the deflection angle (B) results from the selected geometric relationships.
  • the minimum required deflection width (L) is calculated using formula 1.
  • a liquid treatment zone is shown as a spinneret.
  • the spinning bath liquid coagulation liquid
  • the spinning bath liquid is fed via an entry point (1) into an arbitrarily shaped trough-shaped container (8).
  • Over an overflow edge (3) the liquid is discharged from the container again.
  • the overflow edge (3) also serves to adjust the air gap (7).
  • a deflection device (2) and / or optionally a bundling device is mounted inside the spinning trough (8) .
  • the extrudates (4) emerging from the spinneret (5) are introduced vertically downwards into the sump (8).
  • the extrudates (4) are deflected, if necessary also bundled, led upwards out of the spinning bath and fed to the further treatment steps.
  • the deflecting or bundling device may be round, oval or polygonal in cross-section.
  • a deflection device can also be a cage or bar roller consisting of a plurality of bars.
  • a deflecting roller with ribs arranged transversely to the extrudate conveying direction is also possible.
  • the deflecting device (2) can also be configured concave in the axial direction in order to effect bundling in addition to the deflection of the extrudates (4) to form an extrudate strand.
  • deflection devices in the spinning bath are generally preferably designed as a rigid deflection devices.
  • the normal distance (H) between the nozzle outlet (5) and the bundling device (2) is set such that the nozzle take-off angle results in a value of less than 45 °, less than 30 °, less than 15 ° or preferably less than 10 °. This measure ensures that the extrudates can be removed gently and with little deflection from the nozzle channel.
  • the deflection angle (B) arises given geometric conditions.
  • the deflection width (L) is that length portion of the deflection device on which the extrudates directly abut and be deflected or bundled, with a curved (concave) deflection device, this is accordingly the stretched length of the occupied by the extrudate line of contact.
  • the deflection angle (B) results from the selected geometric relationships.
  • the minimum deflection width (L) is calculated using formula 1.
  • Fig. 2a shows a spinneret system, combined with an arrangement of the extrusion openings (extruder, spinneret) in a rectangular shape.
  • Typical for the sump system with rectangular nozzle are rather small deflection angles (B) with a large deflection width (L).
  • Fig. 2b shows a spinneret system combined with an extrusion opening arrangement in ring form.
  • the nozzle extraction angle is opposite to the rectangular nozzle design Fig. 2a much larger, whereby a gentle deduction from the nozzle channel is no longer given.
  • H normal distance
  • FIG. 2b Another disadvantage of the design Fig. 2b is the requirement that in an annular nozzle in the spinning bath not only deflected, but also must be bundled in order to provide equal conditions as possible for all annularly arranged extrudates can.
  • For the bathtub system with ring nozzle and centric bundling in the spin bath are typically small deflection angle (B) with small deflection width (L).
  • Fig. 2c shows a spinneret system combined with a spinneret in annular form, wherein the deflection of the annular extrudate curtain via a toroidal deflection device with deflection angle (B ') takes place and the deflected Extrudatvorhang along the central axis of the annular nozzle is guided vertically upwards from the spinning bath. Above the annular nozzle and thus outside the spinning bath, the extrudate curtain can be bundled in an advantageously large deflection angle B.
  • the bundling or deflection takes place outside the spinning bath liquid, the bundling or deflection can also be realized with free-rotating rollers, whereby no sliding friction
  • a further embodiment for the bundling above the ring spinning nozzle is, similar to the spinning funnel, to provide a toroidal bundling device and, if appropriate, to install a freely rotating deflection roller downstream Fig. 2c can many disadvantages which a system after Fig. 2b has to be eliminated.
  • the nozzle take-off angle (A) is opposite to the ring nozzle design Fig. 2b greatly reduced, whereby a gentle deduction is given from the nozzle. Even with large nozzles, the normal distance (H) can be kept low, allowing manual accessibility to the deflection device.
  • a bundling of the extrudate curtain in the spinning bath is not needed.
  • Typical for the tub system with annular nozzle and toroidal deflection device in the spin bath are rather small deflection angles (B) with a large deflection width (L
  • Fig. 3a shows a comparative example in the form of a spinning trough system, combined with a rectangular nozzle, wherein the extrudate curtain is deflected twice in the spinning trough.
  • The, seen in the direction of production, the first deflection is analogous to the execution of Fig. 2a designed, the second deflection is used for a further change of direction and at the same time for bundling the extrudate curtain to an extrudate strand.
  • bundling typical are rather moderate deflection angle (B) with small deflection width (L) due to the bundling. Due to the strong bundling, it was necessary to choose a high load factor of 20. The spinning behavior turned out to be unsatisfactory.
  • Fig. 3b shows a spinneret system as in Fig. 3a
  • the second deflection was dimensioned based on a much smaller load number (no or little bundling). Due to the greater length (L) of the deflecting device could in contrast to the execution of Fig. 3a a very satisfactory spinning behavior can be achieved.
  • the bundles After exiting the coagulation bath, the bundles are brought to a common extraction and washing by means of a take-off unit and a washing station, which can also be combined with one another.
  • the first extractor after the bath provides the withdrawal speed of the threads when spinning.
  • Fig. 4 shows a possible deduction, here 7 rollers are shown schematically. Any number of rolls adapted to the system can be used, eg 1 to 60 are common. At the rollers here the bundles are deflected at an angle B of 0 ° to 150 °.
  • the width of the filament bundles according to formula 1 is also adhered to here, wherein Q may be higher than in the coagulation bath, for example 40 to 300. All rolls can be driven or only some of the rolls.
  • Non-driven rollers may be free-rotating rollers. With driven rollers, stiction occurs between the filaments and the roller; For non-driven rollers, a sliding friction between filament and roller.
  • the mixture of water, cellulose and BMIMCl was added in the further process sequence, for the preparation of the cellulose solution, in a continuous vertical kneader type Reactotherm from Buss-SMS-Canzler GmbH. Similar equipment of the kneading and reactor technology as well as all types of extruder, high-viscosity thin layer, stirred tank and / or disk reactor can be used for cellulose solution preparation individually or in combination in different reactor zones and process stages. In this vertical Reactotherm kneader, the cellulose solution could be continuously produced without lumps by intensive mixing and kneading action. Treatment times in the individual reactor zones from 20 to 80 minutes resulted in complete dissolution of the cellulose.
  • the high-viscosity cellulose solution thus obtained was subjected to additional process steps such as degassing and filtration before spinning.
  • the solution was additionally supplied via one or more, the process stages adapted, high-viscosity heat exchangers of the type Sulzer SMR / SMXL. These serve in addition to the temperature setting, especially for setting the desired spinning viscosity, and the degree of polymerization of cellulose. These heat exchangers therefore served for efficient temperature adjustment, Such as cooling or heating of the high-viscosity cellulose solution, as they enabled effective mixing and a controlled heat transfer.
  • the spinning of the cellulose solution to filaments, as well as the further processing was carried out according to the invention, wherein the spinning solution was fed by spin pump a heated spin pack consisting of spinneret filter, distribution plates and the spinneret.
  • the spinning temperatures were in the range of 85 ° C-150 ° C, preferably in the range of 95 ° C-115 ° C. Care was taken after the solution preparation step for short residence times at elevated temperatures in the process system to adjust the cellulose solution to the processing speed and the unwanted degradation of the cellulose.
  • the spinning process used is described in the invention and is commonly referred to as a dry-wet spinning process wherein the adjustable height-adjustable air gap is disposed between the spinneret and the aqueous coagulation bath containing the ionic liquid.
  • the gas stream supplied to the air gap and thus through the filaments is conditioned and may be conditioned air or another inert spinning gas.
  • the filaments are passed through the coagulation bath, discharged from the bath and fed to the further treatment as described above.
  • Table 2 The parameters and product properties of the experiments with BMIMCl and NMMO as solvents are summarized in Table 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
EP18191628.9A 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de filage des filaments à déviation Withdrawn EP3505659A1 (fr)

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EP18191628.9A EP3505659A1 (fr) 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de filage des filaments à déviation
TW108103310A TWI793257B (zh) 2018-08-30 2019-01-29 以偏斜方式編織纖維絲的編織方法及裝置
KR2020190000470U KR20200000558U (ko) 2018-08-30 2019-01-30 필라멘트를 편향에 의해 방사하는 방법 및 장치
FI20195076A FI20195076A1 (en) 2018-08-30 2019-02-05 Method and apparatus for spinning fibers by deflection
CN201910496372.0A CN110872732B (zh) 2018-08-30 2019-06-10 通过偏转而纺织长丝的方法和装置
PT197589898T PT3844328T (pt) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Método e dispositivo de fiação de filamentos com deflexão
ES19758989T ES2954061T3 (es) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Procedimiento y dispositivo para la hilatura de filamentos con desviación
CN201980056832.6A CN112639181A (zh) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 通过偏转而纺织长丝的方法和装置
PCT/EP2019/073163 WO2020043860A1 (fr) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de filage de filaments comprenant un renvoi
CA3109240A CA3109240A1 (fr) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Procede et dispositif de filage de filaments comprenant un renvoi
US17/271,151 US11946165B2 (en) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Method and device for filament spinning with deflection
EP19758989.8A EP3844328B1 (fr) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de filage des filaments à déviation
BR112021002686-0A BR112021002686A2 (pt) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 processo e dispositivo para fiação de filamentos com deflexão
FIEP19758989.8T FI3844328T3 (fi) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 Menetelmä ja laitteisto kuitusäikeiden kehräämiseksi suuntaa muuttaen
KR1020217009061A KR20210044881A (ko) 2018-08-30 2019-08-30 편향을 이용하여 필라멘트를 방사하기 위한 방법 및 디바이스
ZA2021/00726A ZA202100726B (en) 2018-08-30 2021-02-02 Method and device for filament spinning with deflection

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US11946165B2 (en) 2024-04-02
CN110872732A (zh) 2020-03-10
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FI3844328T3 (fi) 2023-08-10
FI20195076A1 (en) 2020-03-01
ZA202100726B (en) 2022-07-27
BR112021002686A2 (pt) 2021-05-11
WO2020043860A1 (fr) 2020-03-05
US20210189599A1 (en) 2021-06-24
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EP3844328B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
PT3844328T (pt) 2023-08-18

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