EP3486370B1 - Dispositifs et méthodes pour couvrir un tracé - Google Patents

Dispositifs et méthodes pour couvrir un tracé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3486370B1
EP3486370B1 EP17201876.4A EP17201876A EP3486370B1 EP 3486370 B1 EP3486370 B1 EP 3486370B1 EP 17201876 A EP17201876 A EP 17201876A EP 3486370 B1 EP3486370 B1 EP 3486370B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
route
elements
orientations
enclosure
positions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17201876.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3486370A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Schanda
Zuzana Giertlová
Gerhard Steger
Sebastian Hirschmüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Hochschule Rosenheim
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Technische Hochschule Rosenheim
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Priority to EP17201876.4A priority Critical patent/EP3486370B1/fr
Publication of EP3486370A1 publication Critical patent/EP3486370A1/fr
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Publication of EP3486370B1 publication Critical patent/EP3486370B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/002—Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rail or road line enclosures, as well as to a method for opening a route enclosure.
  • the present invention relates to modular rail or road line enclosures which can be opened over a large area in the event of a fire, using gravity for smoke extraction, for reducing the fire load and for preventing fire spreading.
  • a tunnel-shaped housing for a bicycle path which has a translucent arched roof, which can be opened in fine weather by moving the roof-forming flat elements laterally downwards by means of a motor.
  • an open, suspended tunnel covering is known which has movable elements which guide cooling water into a channel via the outside of the suspended tunnel covering. If the moving elements are moved, the cooling water flows into the interior of the tunnel to fight the fire.
  • a noise protection construction constructed from prefabricated parts is known for a multi-lane traffic route in particular with curved side wall parts which are mounted on a substructure on both sides along the traffic route.
  • a street route housing comprising casing elements which are set up to delimit a space in the longitudinal direction of the line transverse to the longitudinal direction of the line, and a triggering mechanism which is set up in response to a threshold value with respect to temperature or air quality in the housing being exceeded. Interior to cause a transfer of the shell elements from first positions and orientations to second positions and / or orientations.
  • Tunnel-shaped route enclosures offer effective immission protection, but due to the closed construction require special measures with regard to safety and fire protection.
  • a rail or street route housing comprises support elements to be arranged in the longitudinal direction, which are set up to span the route or a train path in the transverse direction, and casing elements, which are set up, one in the longitudinal direction between two or three or more of the support elements to limit space transverse to the longitudinal direction of the route, the support elements having guides which make it possible to use gravity to move the cover elements from first positions and orientations to second positions and / or orientations for opening the railway or street route
  • the rail or street route housing comprising a triggering mechanism which is set up in response to an exceeding of a threshold value with regard to temperature or air quality in the housing interior or in response to an el Electrical signal of a monitoring control center to bring about a transfer of the cover elements from the first positions and orientations to the second positions and / or orientations, the cover elements being set up to slide laterally overlapping on the support elements when opening the rail or street road housing and to move transversely to the Slide the longitudinal direction over each
  • route means a planned or existing route of a traffic route (train route, road route, etc.) between two locations, the traffic route being both a single (possibly tram tracks (track, carriageway, etc.) that can be driven / walked on in both directions as well as two, three or more (simultaneously traversable / walkable) tracks that run at a constant distance (in the direction of the track) from one another.
  • support elements to be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the line is to be understood in particular as an arrangement in which the support elements are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the line. It can be provided that the distances between two successive support elements are constant, in particular in the area of (flat and) straight route sections or in the area of route sections with the same curve radius.
  • identical or identically long casing elements can be used, each of which delimits the space between two, three or more of the support elements transversely to the longitudinal direction of the route.
  • the envelope elements can in particular be longer than the route housing width, for example longer than 5 meters (m), longer than 10 m, longer than 15 m, longer than 20 m, or longer than 25 m.
  • the support element and the shell elements, which limit the space adjacent to the support element or the support elements (in the longitudinal direction of the line) can thus form a module of the line housing, the line housing in particular in the area (level and) straighter Line sections can include a large number of modules of the same length (and possibly of identical construction).
  • a curve compensation element spanning the route in the transverse direction of the route can also be provided between two modules of the same length (and possibly of identical construction), which (compared to the wall on the outside of the curve) has a shorter wall on the inside of the curve (and possibly cannot be opened ).
  • the support elements are aligned with one another in the longitudinal direction of the route.
  • the term "longitudinal direction of the route”, as used in the description and the claims, is to be understood as referring to essentially straight route sections (in the sense of a longitudinal direction of the respective route section) in the case of winding route guidance. That is to say that the term “route longitudinal direction” in the case of a curved route section is to be understood, for example, as directed towards a parallel to the tangent to the route section provided with a module.
  • support element as used in the description and the claims is to be understood in particular as a self-supporting component to be anchored in the floor.
  • route transverse direction as used in the description and the claims, is to be understood in particular as a direction at right angles to the route longitudinal direction in the region of the respective route section.
  • span as used in the description and the claims in relation to a support element, is to be understood in particular to mean a construction in which the support element is anchored in the ground only on one or the sides of the route or the route track is, whereby a subsequent construction of an existing traffic route is possible without interference in it.
  • shell element as used in the description and the claims is to be understood in particular as a flat (flat or curved) component with an essentially constant thickness.
  • the shell elements can be single-layer or multi-layer and have a weather protection layer on their outside and / or a sound absorption layer on their inside.
  • the sound absorption layers of different shell elements can be different with regard to their absorption properties, so that a gradual increase or decrease in sound attenuation can be achieved both in the vertical and in the lateral direction.
  • E.g. can (a plurality or essentially all) of shell elements have an identical carrier layer, which is provided with different sound absorption layers as required.
  • part of the envelope elements can consist of a transparent material, said envelope elements being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the route (on both sides) as a light band can.
  • the light strips can be provided at a height which (when driving / walking on a tram track) enables a view of parts of the landscape surrounding the track.
  • the wording that the envelope elements “delimit the space transverse to the longitudinal direction of the route” is to be understood in particular as a limitation by the envelope elements that dampens the propagation of sound in the transverse direction of the route.
  • the wording that the guides “make it possible to transfer the sleeve elements from first positions and orientations into second positions and / or orientations for opening the route housing using gravity” is to be understood in particular in such a way that the guides are set up to guide the sleeve elements during the transfer along a path predetermined by the guides, the path predetermined by the guides causing the sleeve elements to be transferred from the first positions and orientations to the second positions and / or orientations.
  • the support means e.g. an electric motor
  • the support means can be dimensioned in the case of a transfer supported by gravity such that a (simultaneous) transfer of the shell elements (of a module) (into the first positions and orientations) only with the aid of others (not into the Route housing of integrated, possibly mobile) aids (e.g. cranes) is possible.
  • the transfer can be a reaction to an unplanned event (fire, accident, etc.) which is outside normal operation and which, due to the unpredictability of its occurrence along the entire route, would require return transfer means which are integrated into the route housing, which can be uneconomical.
  • a return transfer may be possible in principle, but does not have to be provided as part of a process that is inverse to the transfer. Rather, the transfer and return transfer can differ both in terms of their duration and in terms of the means to be used.
  • a maintenance train or maintenance motor vehicle is required, which returns the cover elements (one after the other), for example by means of a traction means that can be connected to the cover elements.
  • the wording “for opening the route housing” should be understood in particular in such a way that by transferring the shell elements from the first positions and orientations to the second positions and / or orientations, the solid angle region or regions in which the route runs transversely to Line length direction is limited, can be reduced.
  • the wording “for opening the route housing” should be understood in particular in such a way that by transferring the shell elements from the first positions and orientations to the second positions and / or orientations, the solid angle region or regions in which the route runs transversely to Line length direction is limited, can be reduced.
  • E.g. can be opened along the length of the route from a support element to an opening (in the longitudinal direction of the path) extending support element (rectangular in plan view and limited on its narrow side by the support elements) opening.
  • the route housing can be opened over a large area, which in the event of a fire enables effective smoke extraction that meets the requirements of fire protection.
  • the opening can also make it easier to locate a source of fire and supply extinguishing agents.
  • overheating of the interior of the housing and spreading of the fire can be prevented by opening it over a large area.
  • the rescue of people and / or vehicles can be facilitated by opening the route housing over a large area.
  • the transfer can create a corridor that is open at the top (and possibly only interrupted by the support elements), in the area of which there is no risk of components falling down.
  • the trigger mechanism of one or more modules can be activated if the respective threshold value is exceeded in the area of the respective module with regard to an environmental condition.
  • the trigger mechanism may include, for example, an electromechanical device which, in a first state, prevents movement of one or more shell elements and, in response to the specific environmental condition or the electrical signal, changes to a second state in which the shell element or elements can be moved, as a result of which it is made possible for the envelope elements to be transferred into the second position and / or alignment using the force of gravity.
  • the route housing preferably comprises an electric motor which is set up to bring about a preferably sequential transfer of a plurality of casing elements from the second positions and / or orientations to the first positions and orientations.
  • E.g. can be attached to the cover elements of a module traction means (e.g. steel cables) and the motor (sequentially) can be coupled with different winches, wherein a respective cover element by winding a traction means attached to the cover element from the second position and / or orientation to its first position and Alignment is returned. If a cover element is returned to its first position and orientation, the associated winch can be blocked, so that unwinding of the traction device is prevented. A new transfer can then be initiated by releasing the respective winch (s). This means that the route housing or the Modules are regularly checked for the possibility of opening them without having to provide mobile aids on site for return.
  • a module traction means e.g. steel cables
  • a regular check can be indicated, for example, in cold weather or at certain intervals, and in particular can include a random check, on the basis of which further check or remedial measures can be considered.
  • the sleeve elements In the first positions and orientations in the vertical direction, the sleeve elements preferably have first overlap regions.
  • the shell elements can overlap like scales at the element joints, whereby a (substantially) closed shell can be achieved, which provides both sound immissions protection and weather protection.
  • the joints between the overlapping envelope elements can be provided with seals (made in the longitudinal direction of the route, for example, band-shaped) made of an elastic material to increase the envelope tightness.
  • the envelope elements In the second positions and / or orientations in the horizontal direction, the envelope elements preferably have second overlap regions transverse to the longitudinal direction of the route.
  • the cover elements can be pushed over one another during transfer, so that the overlap area is enlarged.
  • the rail or road route housing preferably has larger and / or more openings if the sleeve elements are arranged in the second positions and / or orientations than if the sleeve elements are arranged in the first positions and orientations.
  • the rail or road line enclosure may have a sheath closed in the transverse direction when the sheath elements are arranged in the first positions and orientations, and (in plan view) have one or more openings when the sheath elements are in the second positions and / or Alignments are arranged.
  • One of the support elements preferably has a cutout, which is designed as an entrance / exit of the rail or street route housing running in the transverse direction of the train and in particular as an escape route.
  • support elements can be provided on one or both sides with (escape) doors at regular intervals, which can be opened automatically or manually if necessary.
  • the support elements and / or the shell elements preferably have wood or wooden materials.
  • the weight of the route housing can be achieved and the route housing can be produced using renewable raw materials and thus conserving resources.
  • an elaborate foundation can be dispensed with.
  • the sleeve elements preferably have slides, the slides of one of the sleeve elements being slidably mountable in the guides of two support elements.
  • the slides of a sleeve element can be slidably mounted in the guides of two support elements spaced in the longitudinal direction of the route, the sleeve elements sliding laterally on the support elements when being transferred from the first positions and orientations to the second positions and / or orientations.
  • all or some of the carriages can be rotatably and / or displaceably mounted in the respective shell element.
  • the support elements preferably have an arcuate cross section and the guides extend in the vertical direction along a surface of the support elements.
  • the support elements can be formed from two partial arches connected by means of a hinge (hinge frame) which are anchored in the ground on both sides of the route or the route path.
  • the support elements of the route housing can have an arcuate cross-section and guides, designed for guiding, a space between two, three or more support elements spanning casing elements in the longitudinal direction of the route, the guides extending in the vertical direction along a surface of the support elements, wherein one of the support elements has a cutout which is designed as an entrance / exit of the route housing running in the transverse direction of the route and in particular as an escape route.
  • spanning is to be understood in particular in such a way that the cover element extends continuously from one support element via the gap or spaces between the support elements to another support element extends.
  • the casing elements of the route housing can have carriages which are arranged at the longitudinal ends of the casing elements, the carriages being rotatably and / or displaceably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the casing elements.
  • the carriages can be displaced transversely to the transfer direction at exactly one longitudinal end and the carriages arranged at both longitudinal ends can be rotatably mounted (transversely to the surface of the sleeve element). This prevents jamming of the carriages, which enables the casing elements to slide, driven purely by gravity.
  • the slides preferably have an electromagnetic locking device for fixing the position of the casing elements.
  • the shell elements preferably have an arcuate cross section.
  • the rigidity of the shell elements can be improved, which enables larger distances between the support elements.
  • a method for opening a route housing consisting of a plurality of modular segments, for removing smoke from a space delimited by the route housing transversely to the longitudinal direction of the route comprises, according to claim 10, monitoring a route provided with the route housing, determining one segment to be opened, based on the monitoring, and transferring shell elements spanning the segment to be opened in the longitudinal direction of the route from first positions and orientations to second positions and / or orientations, the shell elements being set up, laterally overlapping when the segment is opened Support elements slide off and slide over each other across the longitudinal direction of the route.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a support element 10 according to a first embodiment.
  • the support element 10 which can essentially consist of wood or a wood material, is formed from two components 14a, 14b that are mirror-symmetrical to the perpendicular axis through the apex 12 of the support element 10.
  • the components 14a, 14b have an arcuate cross section (section transverse to the longitudinal direction 26 of the route) and taper in the direction of the apex 12, at which they are connected to one another by means of a joint 16 or another connecting element that can be used to compensate for assembly tolerances.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a route 18 with two route tracks 18a, 18b, which are designed as tracks and are spanned by the support element 10 transversely to the longitudinal direction 26 of the route, the tracks being centered between the base points of the support element 10 and mirror-symmetrically to the vertical axis through the apex 12 of the support element 10 are arranged.
  • an overhead line or an overhead line holder 20 can also be fastened to the support element 10.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a support element 10 according to a second embodiment, which differs from that in FIG Fig. 1
  • Support element 10 shown differs in that the in Fig. 3 support element 10 shown has an angled cross-section instead of a curved cross-section.
  • the components 14a, 14b are divided into several straight sections that are twisted / inclined to one another.
  • Fig. 4 shows a top view of two aligned support elements 10 Fig. 1 or Fig. 3
  • the support elements 10 have a constant width.
  • the present invention is not based on support members 10 with a constant Limited width.
  • Fig. 5 two aligned support elements 10, with a width tapering towards the center of the support element 10.
  • the support elements 10 can also, as in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shown, be provided at their base points with recesses 22 which allow passage through the support elements 10 in the longitudinal direction of the support element.
  • the passages can both, as in Fig. 6 , a rectangular as well as in Fig. 7 , have a U-shaped cross section.
  • the support elements 10 can also be provided with doors (not shown) for closing the cutouts 22.
  • Fig. 8 shows a plan view of a segment of a path housing 24 according to a first embodiment.
  • the segment comprises two aligned and spaced in the longitudinal direction 26 support elements 10 and a plurality of shell elements 28 which overlap in the vertical direction, wherein two directly adjacent shell elements 28 each have a first overlap area 30.
  • FIG. 8 First embodiment shown supporting elements 10 according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 has, other support elements 10 can also be provided, for example Fig. 3 cross section shown and / or the in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 or Fig. 7 have the top view shown.
  • the segment can be extended by adding a module of the route housing 24 in the route longitudinal direction 26 by approximately the length of the shell elements 28.
  • the shell elements 28 of modules adjoining one another can overlap (on the end face) or, as in FIG Fig. 9 shown, do not overlap.
  • the (exposed) area on the outside of the support elements 10 can be provided with additional weather protection, for example a roof or sheet metal.
  • a curve compensation element 32 can be arranged, which in the longitudinal direction 26 by two (not aligned) support elements 10 is limited.
  • the curve compensation element 32 is not mirror-symmetrical to the line center line, but instead has a wall on the inside of the curve that is shorter than the wall on the outside of the curve and cannot be opened.
  • Fig. 11 shows a plan view of a segment of a route housing 24 according to a second embodiment, which differs from that in FIG Fig. 8
  • the embodiment shown differs in that the shell elements 28 have a plurality of spaces 34 (in. FIG Fig. 11 limit) transverse to the longitudinal direction 26 of the route.
  • FIG. 11 shown second embodiment support elements 10 according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 has, other support elements 10 can also be provided, for example Fig. 3 cross section shown and / or the in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 or Fig. 7 have the top view shown.
  • the shell elements 28 can be curved (convex outside, concave inside) and, for example, have an arcuate cross section.
  • the present invention is not restricted to curved casing elements 28 or casing elements 28 with an arcuate cross section.
  • flat cover elements 28 can also be provided.
  • the (edge regions of) the shell elements 28 overlap like a scale, so that precipitation is drained off on both sides of the route housing 24 and penetration of water into the route housing 24 can be avoided.
  • the route housing 24 can have transparent covering elements 28a on both sides, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction 26 of the route in the form of a light band. As in Fig. 12 indicated, the transparent envelope elements 28a can be arranged at a height that enables a view of parts of the landscape surrounding the route 18.
  • Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 show cross-sectional views of the in Fig. 8 to Fig. 12 Line enclosures 24 shown in the open state.
  • the sleeve elements 28 can slide laterally overlapping on the support elements 10 from the first positions and orientations when gravitational force is used, the sleeve elements 28 being pushed over one another and being transferred into second positions and orientations.
  • the casing elements 28 can be arranged as a stack of casing elements 36 on both sides of the route 18, forming second overlapping areas.
  • an opening 38 is created which, in plan view, has a rectangular boundary which is formed in the longitudinal direction 26 of the path by the support elements 10.
  • the opening 38 extends transversely to the route longitudinal direction 26 over substantially the entire width of the route housing 24.
  • the opening 38 is mirror-symmetrical in plan view to the route center line.
  • the sleeve elements 28 in the second positions and orientations can also be arranged both above ground and recessed in a recess. By sinking the sleeve elements 28 into a depression, for example, blocking a ground-level access to the route 18 by the sleeve element stack 36 can be avoided. It goes without saying that the route housing 24 can have both segments with retractable cover elements 28 and segments with non-retractable cover elements 28.
  • Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 14 show views of a segment of a path housing 24 according to a third embodiment, which differ from the ones in FIGS Fig. 8 and Fig. 11 shown embodiments differs in that the sleeve elements 28 not along the outside (ie, the side facing away from the track tracks 18a, 18b) of the support elements 10, but along the inside of the support elements 10 (ie, the side facing the track tracks 18a, 18b) are arranged.
  • the sleeve elements 28 can slide laterally overlapping on the support elements 10 from the first positions and orientations when gravitational force is used, the sleeve elements 28 being pushed over one another and being transferred into second positions and orientations.
  • the casing elements 28 can be arranged as a stack of casing elements 36 on both sides of the route 18, forming second overlapping areas.
  • some of the casing elements 28 can be rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction 26 of the route and, when the route housing 24 is opened, can be transferred from first positions and orientations to second positions and orientations using gravity.
  • a vertical ventilation duct can be generated, which has a rectangular boundary in plan view, which is formed in the longitudinal direction 26 of the route by the support elements.
  • further shell elements 28 can slide laterally overlapping on the support elements 10 when the path housing 24 is opened from the first positions and orientations, the shell elements 28 being pushed over one another and being transferred into second positions and orientations in which they are located Formation of two overlap areas on both sides of the route 18 can be arranged as a stack 36 of casing elements.
  • FIGS Fig. 20 and Fig. 21 14 show views of a segment of a path housing 24 according to a fourth embodiment, which differ from the ones in FIGS Fig. 8 , Fig. 11 and Fig. 15 shown embodiments differs in that the sleeve elements 28 are shorter than the clear distance between two successive support elements 10th
  • FIG. 20 and Fig. 21 Fourth embodiment shown support elements 10 according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 has, other support elements 10 can also be provided, for example Fig. 3 cross section shown and / or the in Fig. 6 have the top view shown.
  • the sleeve elements 28 can be rotatably supported about an axis through the aligned support elements 10 (parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 of the route) and, when the route housing 24 is opened, can be transferred from first positions and orientations to second positions and / or orientations using gravity will.
  • the shell elements 28 In the second positions and / or orientations, the shell elements 28 can be oriented more vertically, the higher the axis of rotation of the respective shell element 28 is, so as not to impede vehicles located in the path housing 24 when the path housing 24 is open.
  • the sleeve elements 28, as in Fig. 23 shown schematically, can be connected by means of a coupling device 40.
  • the coupling device 40 shown enables a synchronized transfer of the sleeve elements 28 from the first positions and orientations using gravity to the second positions and / or orientations.
  • the coupling device 40 uses a first weight force that occurs during the transfer of a first sleeve element 28 in order to move a second sleeve element 28 against its second weight force from its first position and orientation into its second position and / or orientation, possibly using a motor convict.
  • a sheath member 28 may be pulled up along the surface of the support member 10 to provide additional access to the route enclosure 24.
  • the route enclosures 24 according to the first to third embodiments can also have one or more coupling devices 40, wherein a coupling device 40 can, for example, cause that one or two sliding sleeve elements 28 pull the sleeve element 28 arranged at the bottom, possibly using a motor, upwards in order to provide additional access to the route housing 24.
  • a coupling device 40 can, for example, cause that one or two sliding sleeve elements 28 pull the sleeve element 28 arranged at the bottom, possibly using a motor, upwards in order to provide additional access to the route housing 24.
  • Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 14 show views of a segment of a path housing 24 according to a fifth embodiment, which differ from the ones in FIGS Fig. 8 , Fig. 11 , Fig. 15 and Fig. 22 shown embodiments differs in that the sleeve elements 28 are arranged abutting.
  • directly adjacent casing elements 28, which enable a stepless transition in cross section, to avoid gaps instead of stepless end faces, as in FIG Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 shown can have contact surfaces which engage in the form of a tongue and groove connection or have overlapping folds in the transverse direction of the route.
  • directly adjacent sleeve elements 28 can be connected to one another in an articulated manner, wherein the sleeve elements 28 can be stacked one above the other, for example, in a fan-like manner during transfer.
  • sleeve elements 28 slide laterally one after the other when the route housing 24 is opened, since otherwise the respectively lowest sleeve elements 28 would prevent the sleeve elements 28 resting against them from sliding off.
  • Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 Fifth embodiment shown supporting elements 10 according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 has, other support elements 10 can also be provided, for example Fig. 3 cross section shown and / or the in Fig. 6 have the top view shown.
  • the sleeve elements 28 pushed over one another after the transfer can be arranged in the second positions and orientations to form two overlap regions on both sides of the route 18 as a sleeve element stack 36.
  • the shell element stack 36 can comprise shell elements 28 which, as in FIG Fig. 27 and Fig. 28 shown, aligned substantially parallel to the vertical or substantially parallel to the horizontal could be.
  • Fig. 29 shows a cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 24 and Fig. 25
  • the route housing shown in the open state in which the tip of the route housing 24 remains roofed between two successive support elements 10 when the route housing 24 is open.
  • the Fig. Fig. 8 , Fig. 11 , Fig. 15 and Fig. 22 shown embodiments can also be modified so that they are provided in the open state with a roof covered between two successive support elements 10.
  • the sheath element 28 forming the tip or the sheath elements 28 forming the tip can furthermore, as in connection with FIG Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 described, be designed not to overlap (substantially) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the route, and also consist of a different (in particular a non-combustible) material than the remaining casing elements 28.
  • Fig. 30 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of guides 42 which extend along a support element 10 and are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction 26 of the route.
  • the guides 42 comprise a web extending in the transverse direction of the route, one end of the web merging into a rail which is circular in cross section.
  • a carriage 44 which surrounds the rail and can be displaced along the notes, by means of which a sleeve element 28 connected to the carriage 44 is movably mounted along the guide 42.
  • a possible embodiment variant is the integration of a sensor-coupled electromagnetic trigger mechanism in the slide 44, which fixes the position of the envelope element 28 in the operating state by means of a magnetic field and can be released in the event of a disaster in a sensor-controlled as well as manually-controlled manner in order to enable transfer of the envelope segments 28.
  • the sleeve elements 28 can be connected by means of the slide 44 and guides 42 to two support elements 10 spaced in the longitudinal direction 26 of the route.
  • the carriages 44 can be connected to the casing element 28 in such a way that the carriages 44 (at one end) are rotatably mounted relative to the casing element 28 about an axis which is at a right angle to the rail.
  • the carriages 44 assigned to a rail can be displaceably mounted relative to the casing element 28 at a right angle to the rail.
  • Fig. 32 shows a schematic perspective view of an electromechanical trigger mechanism 46, according to a first embodiment.
  • the electromechanical trigger mechanism 46 comprises a motor 48 which is coupled to a coil 52 via a shaft 50.
  • a traction means 54 is guided around the coil 52 and is fastened to a locking element 56 which is displaceably mounted in the support element 10 and protrudes from the support element 10.
  • the blocking element 56 can be drawn into the supporting element 10 (against a restoring force), whereby the covering element 28 is released and can slide laterally.
  • a protrusion 58 arranged on the sleeve element 28 (which was released by the retraction of the blocking element 56) actuates a mechanical release mechanism 60 of the sleeve element 28 immediately adjacent (in the direction of transfer) by the protrusion 58 slidingly mounted in the support element 10 and actuated excellent actuating element 62 from the supporting element 10.
  • the actuating element 62 is coupled to a locking element 64 which is also displaceably mounted in the supporting element 10 and which projects out of the supporting element 10 in a first position, which is pushed into the supporting element 10 by actuating the actuating element 62 and releases the immediately adjacent casing element 28, so that the latter can also slide sideways.
  • the mechanical triggering mechanisms 60 of the (remaining) envelope elements 28 can all be triggered by the same envelope element 28 or by the respectively directly adjacent envelope element 28. Furthermore, an actuating element 62 or more Actuating elements 62 for opening the route housing 24 are placed from the outside in such a way or the casing elements 28 are designed such that the actuating element 62 or the actuating elements 62 are exposed or can be actuated manually from the outside.
  • the wedge-shaped shape of the protrusion 58 facilitates the transfer back, since the wedge-shaped protrusion 58 pushes the actuating element 62 or the blocking element 64 into the support element 10 against the restoring force during the transfer.
  • Fig. 33 shows a schematic perspective view of an electromechanical trigger mechanism 66, according to a second embodiment.
  • This comprises an electric motor 48, which can be coupled to a plurality of winches 68 via a shaft 50.
  • traction means 70 can be wound up, which are fastened to the sleeve elements 28, whereby the sleeve elements 28 can be transferred back.
  • the traction means 70 run parallel to the guides 42 in channels 72, in which the guides 42 can also be arranged.
  • the traction means 70 can be integrated in the guides 42.
  • the guides 42 can have hollow cylinders in which the traction means 70 run.
  • the winches 68 are released, so that the traction means 70 can roll when the casing elements 28 slide sideways.
  • the motor 48 is sequentially coupled to the winches 68 and the respective traction means 70 is wound up until the respective sleeve element 28 is in the first position and orientation.
  • Fig. 34 shows a flow diagram of a method for opening the route housing 24.
  • the method begins at step 74 with the monitoring of the route 18 provided with the route housing 24.
  • the monitoring can be carried out by manual or automated evaluation of sensor data relating to environmental parameters (temperature, air quality, etc.) or the traffic flow to be expected on route 18.
  • the method continues with step 76 of determining a housing segment to open based on monitoring, continued. E.g. it can be determined from the sensor data that a fire has broken out in an area of the route 18 and the segments which are to be opened for smoke extraction can be determined.
  • the method is then concluded with the step of transferring 78 the shell elements 28 spanning the housing segment to be opened in the longitudinal direction 26 of the route from first positions and orientations to second positions and / or orientations.
  • the transfer can take place, for example, by unblocking the guides 42, as a result of which the sleeve elements 28 are automatically transferred into the second positions and / or orientations driven by the weight.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24), comprenant :
    des éléments de support (10) à disposer dans le sens longitudinal de tracé (26) du tracé de la voie ferrée ou de la route, qui sont conçus pour enjamber, dans le sens transversal au tracé, le tracé (18) ou une voie de tracé (18a, 18b) du tracé (18) ; et
    des éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a), qui sont conçus pour limiter, transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé (26), un espace (34) se trouvant dans le sens longitudinal de tracé (26) entre deux, trois ou plus des éléments de support (10),
    les éléments de support (10) comportant des guidages (42), qui permettent de transférer les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a), au moyen de la gravité, de premières positions et orientations à des secondes positions et/ou orientations afin d'ouvrir la couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) pour le désenfumage de l'espace (34) en cas d'incendie,
    la couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) comprenant un mécanisme de déclenchement (60, 66) qui est conçu pour, en réaction à un dépassement d'une valeur seuil relative à la température ou à la qualité de l'air dans l'espace intérieur de la couverture ou en réaction à un signal électrique en provenance d'un service central de surveillance, provoquer un transfert des éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) des premières positions et orientations aux secondes positions et/ou orientations, et les éléments de support (28) étant conçus pour, lors de l'ouverture de la couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24), glisser latéralement sur les éléments de support (10) en se chevauchant et coulisser les uns par-dessus les autres transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé.
  2. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    un moteur électrique (48), qui est conçu pour provoquer un transfert de préférence séquentiel de plusieurs éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) des secondes positions et/ou orientations aux premières positions et orientations.
  3. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) comportent, dans les premières positions et orientations, des premières zones de chevauchement (30) dans le sens vertical.
  4. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) comportent, dans les secondes positions et/ou orientations, des secondes zones de chevauchement (26) dans le sens horizontal, transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé (26).
  5. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle la couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) comporte des ouvertures (38) plus grandes et/ou plus nombreuses quand les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) sont disposés dans les secondes positions et/ou orientations que quand les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) sont disposés dans les premières positions et orientations.
  6. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle un des éléments de support (10) comporte un évidement (22), qui est réalisé sous la forme d'une entrée/sortie, s'étendant dans le sens transversal au tracé, de la couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) et en particulier d'une issue de secours.
  7. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle les éléments de support (10) et/ou les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) comportent du bois ou des matériaux dérivés du bois.
  8. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) comportent des glissoirs (44), les glissoirs (44) de l'un des éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) pouvant être montés coulissant dans les guidages (42) de deux éléments de support (10).
  9. Couverture de tracé de voie ferrée ou de route (24) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans laquelle les éléments d'enveloppe (10) comportent une section transversale en forme d'arc et les guidages (42) s'étendent dans le sens vertical le long d'une surface des éléments de support (10).
  10. Procédé d'ouverture d'une couverture de tracé (24) composée de plusieurs segments de conception modulaire pour le désenfumage d'un espace (34) limité, transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé (26), par la couverture de tracé (24), des éléments de support (10) étant disposés dans le sens longitudinal de tracé (26), qui enjambent un tracé (18) ou une voie de tracé (18a, 18b) du tracé dans le sens transversal au tracé, et dans lequel des éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) limitent, transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé (26), un espace (34) se trouvant dans le sens longitudinal de tracé (26) entre deux, trois ou plus des éléments de support (10), le procédé comprenant :
    la surveillance (74) du tracé (18) ou de la voie de tracé (18a, 18b) pourvu(e) de la couverture de tracé (24) ;
    la détermination (76) d'un segment à ouvrir, sur la base de la surveillance (76) ;
    le transfert (78) des éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) enjambant le segment à ouvrir dans le sens longitudinal de tracé (26), au moyen de la gravité, de premières positions et orientations à des secondes positions et/ou orientations, les éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a) étant conçus pour, lors de l'ouverture du segment, glisser latéralement sur les éléments de support (10) en se chevauchant et coulisser les uns par-dessus les autres transversalement au sens longitudinal de tracé, et des éléments d'enveloppe disposés dans les secondes positions et/ou orientations des deux côtés du tracé (18) ou de la voie de tracé (18a, 18b) formant des piles (36), qui comprennent respectivement deux ou plus desdits éléments d'enveloppe (28, 28a).
EP17201876.4A 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Dispositifs et méthodes pour couvrir un tracé Active EP3486370B1 (fr)

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AT525596B1 (de) * 2021-10-29 2023-10-15 Energy Membrane Gmbh Folientunnel für Fahrbahnen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2640319A1 (de) * 1976-09-08 1978-03-09 Acrow Wolff Gmbh Schallschutzvorrichtung
JP2002021026A (ja) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 道路シェルター
CN104847396A (zh) * 2015-05-11 2015-08-19 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 隧道声屏障自然通风系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1200483A (en) * 1915-06-01 1916-10-10 Charles M Ginter Snow-shed.
AU4121799A (en) * 1998-06-10 1999-12-30 Peter Lorenz Noise protection construction built with prefabricated parts
GB0224740D0 (en) * 2002-10-24 2002-12-04 Mckenkie Simon J J Cycle tracks
DE20312603U1 (de) * 2003-08-14 2004-01-15 Kickelhayn, Horst Anordnung zur Verbesserung der Raumatmosphäre in einem Tunnelbau, insbesondere einer U-Bahnstation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2640319A1 (de) * 1976-09-08 1978-03-09 Acrow Wolff Gmbh Schallschutzvorrichtung
JP2002021026A (ja) * 2000-07-03 2002-01-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 道路シェルター
CN104847396A (zh) * 2015-05-11 2015-08-19 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 隧道声屏障自然通风系统

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