EP3479006B1 - Verfahren und system zur echtzeit-berechnung der energiemenge in einem ungekühlten, unter druck stehenden flüssigerdgasbehälter - Google Patents

Verfahren und system zur echtzeit-berechnung der energiemenge in einem ungekühlten, unter druck stehenden flüssigerdgasbehälter Download PDF

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EP3479006B1
EP3479006B1 EP17740051.2A EP17740051A EP3479006B1 EP 3479006 B1 EP3479006 B1 EP 3479006B1 EP 17740051 A EP17740051 A EP 17740051A EP 3479006 B1 EP3479006 B1 EP 3479006B1
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Prior art keywords
lng
tank
density
temperature
mass
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French (fr)
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EP3479006A1 (de
EP3479006C0 (de
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Michel BEN BELGACEM-STREK
Gabrielle MENARD
Frédéric Legrand
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Engie SA
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Engie SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/021—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the height as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0421—Mass or weight of the content of the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
    • F17C2250/0456—Calorific or heating value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0469—Constraints, e.g. by gauges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0473—Time or time periods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0495—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location the indicated parameter is a converted measured parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0689—Methods for controlling or regulating
    • F17C2250/0694—Methods for controlling or regulating with calculations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/026—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer by calculation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0171—Trucks

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a method and system for calculating in real time the amount of residual chemical energy in a pressurized, non-refrigerated tank containing liquefied natural gas (LNG), without having to determine the composition of the LNG.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LNG fuel is a simple and effective alternative to conventional fuels, both in terms of CO2 emissions, pollutant particles and energy density. More and more players are turning to its use, such as road, maritime or rail transporters.
  • the energy density of LNG i.e. the energy contained per unit volume of LNG, is not constant. This is explained by two distinct phenomena. First, the temperature of LNG will increase throughout its storage in a pressurized and non-refrigerated tank due to residual heat inputs. This temperature increase will then cause a thermal expansion of the fluid (which can be up to more than 20% increase in volume) and therefore a decrease in its energy density.
  • the second phenomenon explaining the variation in the energy density of LNG is the variation in its composition.
  • LNG is not a refined product, so its hydrocarbon composition can vary depending on the deposits exploited.
  • the higher calorific value of natural gas is understood to mean the quantity of heat delivered by the complete combustion of a unit of mass of the natural gas concerned contained in air at a given constant pressure and temperature. It is expressed as the quantity of heat per unit of mass of fuel (in the context of the present invention in kWh/m 3 )
  • the algorithm of the method according to the invention makes it possible to calculate the actual quantity of residual chemical energy contained in any tank instantaneously.
  • the implementation of this process is simple because it does not require determining the composition of the LNG, which would require the use of a chromatograph or calorimeter to determine the PCS mass of LNG.
  • the PCS mass of an LNG is usually calculated based on its composition, generally by making the approximation that it is composed only of methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane, iso-pentane, n-pentane and nitrogen).
  • the error made by not relying on the exact composition of the LNG is at most of the order of 3%: this is the difference observed between the PCS mass of a heavy LNG (containing more than 10% of hydrocarbons other than methane) and the PCS mass of a light LNG (containing more than 99% of pure methane) at the same temperature as that of the composition concerned.
  • the error that would be made with a method other than the invention for determining the PCS mass of LNG can quickly reach a value of the order of 20% if the PCS mass of LNG is determined at the wrong temperature, including and even if the composition is correct.
  • said algorithm can either be repeated on demand by an operator using said tank, or carried out automatically, as soon as a given time interval ⁇ t has elapsed, this interval being able to be for example of the order of a second or where appropriate defined optimally to take into account the latency times depending on the sensor technology used.
  • Determination of the total mass of LNG can be carried out in different ways.
  • the total mass m t of LNG contained in the tank can advantageously be made by direct measurement using a scale or strain gauges.
  • This method of determining the total mass m t can be used in particular in the case where direct measurement of the mass is complicated to implement on the tank, for example when it is moving during the measurement.
  • HMI interface we mean, within the meaning of the present invention, a Human Machine interface allowing a user to view or be notified by any audible or mechanical signal of the information on the quantity of energy remaining, with a view to making the appropriate action decisions.
  • HMI interfaces that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may in particular be made of vehicle dashboards, computer keyboards, LED indicators, touch screens and tablets, speakers, etc.
  • an on-board computer comprising a processor associated with a dedicated storage memory and an interface motherboard; all of these elements being assembled so as to ensure the robustness of the “on-board computer” assembly in terms of mechanical, thermodynamic and electromagnetic resistance, and thus allow its adaptation to use in an LNG vehicle.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to make the value of the quantity of residual chemical energy contained in the tank easily accessible to an operator, even if the latter has not received training adapted to the handling of LNG. It also makes it possible to provide this value to a third-party system, such as an on-board computer.
  • the system may further comprise a scale or strain gauges in order to directly measure the total mass of the LNG contained in the tank.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle (land, sea or air) comprising a pressurized tank containing a layer of natural gas in the liquid state and being equipped with level, temperature and density sensors, said vehicle being characterized in that it further comprises a system according to the invention.
  • this vehicle is easily usable by an operator who does not have advanced training in handling LNG. Indeed, this system makes it possible either to display the value of the energy remaining in the tank or to transmit the value of the residual energy to a computer which can then deduce the number of kilometers remaining before a new filling of the tank is necessary.
  • FIG 2 represents the simplified diagram of a particular embodiment of the invention in the case where the tank 1 is cylindrical and vertical.
  • the density 4, temperature 3 and level 2 sensors present in the tank record the values of the temperature of the liquid, the density as well as the level of this liquid in the tank.
  • This information is then sent to the computer 5 in which the operator 7 has previously entered, via a human-machine interface (HMI) 6, the shape of tank 1 and its characteristic dimensions, in this particular case its radius.
  • HMI human-machine interface
  • FIG. 3 shows the diagram of a cylindrical tank placed horizontally.
  • calculating the volume of a layer of LNG in this tank is similar to calculating the area of a disk segment.
  • the calculator 5 then calculates the total mass m t of LNG contained in the tank 1 and the value of the higher calorific value PCM mass of the LNG, these values then allowing the calculator to obtain the value of the residual energy E contained in the tank at the time of the measurement.
  • the value of the residual energy E can then be provided to the operator via the HMI 6 or be reprocessed in order to obtain easily understandable information, such as the remaining mileage.
  • This example illustrates the variability of the energy density of LNG stored in an unrefrigerated tank.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 are screenshots of dashboards of a vehicle each carrying a cylindrical and horizontal LNG tank, showing the input data used to calculate the residual chemical energy E according to the method of the invention, as well as the result of this calculation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zum Berechnen der chemischen Restenergie E in Echtzeit, die in einem Drucktank (1) enthalten ist, der durch seine Form und seine Abmessungen definiert ist und eine Schicht aus Flüssigerdgas (LNG) enthält, wobei die Schicht aus LNG zu einem gegebenen Zeitpunkt t durch ihre Temperatur T, ihre Dichte ρ und ihren Füllstand h in dem Tank definiert ist;
    wobei das Verfahren aus einem Algorithmus besteht, der zu einem gegebenen Zeitpunkt t die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    A. Erfassen der charakteristischen Parameter der Schicht aus LNG durch Messen:
    - des Füllstands h der Schicht aus LNG in dem Tank mithilfe eines Füllstandsensors (2);
    - der Temperatur T mithilfe eines Temperatursensors (3); und
    - der Dichte ρ mithilfe eines Dichtesensors (4); und
    B. Bestimmen der Gesamtmasse mt des LNG, das in dem Tank (1) enthalten ist;
    wobei das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Algorithmus ferner für jeden Zeitpunkt t die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    C. Berechnen des Massenbruttoheizwerts PCSMasse des LNG mithilfe einer Funktion f, wobei als Parameter die Temperatur und die Dichte der Flüssigkeit gemäß der Formel genommen werden: PCS Masse = f T ρ
    Figure imgb0014
    D. Berechnen der chemischen Restenergie E gemäß der Formel: E = PCS Masse * m t
    Figure imgb0015
    wobei die Funktion f, die den Massenbruttoheizwert PCSMasse mit den Parametern T und ρ in Beziehung setzt, die Form vorweist: f T ρ = A T + B * ρ
    Figure imgb0016
    wobei:
    A ein konstanter Wert für eine gegebene Temperatur ist,
    B eine Konstante unabhängig von der Zusammensetzung ist, wobei das Verfahren durch einen Rechner (5) ausgeführt wird, der dazu bestimmt ist, an den Füllstand- (2), den Temperatur- (3) und den Dichtesensor (4) angeschlossen zu werden, mit denen der Tank (1) versehen ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei:
    • entweder der Algorithmus auf Wunsch eines Bedieners (7) wiederholt wird, der den Tank (1) verwendet;
    • oder der Algorithmus automatisch durchgeführt wird, sobald ein gegebenes Zeitintervall Δt verstrichen ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Bestimmen der Gesamtmasse mt an LNG, die in dem Tank (1) enthalten ist, durch eine direkte Messung mithilfe einer Waage oder von Dehnungsmessstreifen durchgeführt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Bestimmen der Gesamtmasse mt an LNG, die in dem Tank (1) enthalten ist, durch eine Berechnung gemäß der Formel durchgeführt wird: m t = ρ * g h
    Figure imgb0017
     wobei:
    - h der Füllstand der Schicht aus LNG in dem Tank ist,
    - ρ die Dichte des LNG ist, und
    - g eine Funktion ist, die mit der Form des Tanks verknüpft ist.
  5. System zum Berechnen in Echtzeit, nach dem Verfahren wie definiert in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, der chemischen Restenergie E, die in einem Drucktank (1) enthalten ist, der durch seine Form und seine Abmessungen definiert ist und eine Schicht aus Flüssigerdgas (LNG) enthält, wobei die Schicht aus LNG zu einem gegebenen Zeitpunkt t durch ihre Temperatur T, ihre Dichte ρ und ihren Füllstand h in dem Tank definiert ist;
    wobei das System dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es aufweist:
    - einen Rechner (5), der dazu bestimmt ist, an den Füllstand- (2), den Temperatur- (3) und den Dichtesensor (4) angeschlossen zu werden, mit denen der Tank (1) versehen ist, wobei der Rechner (5) geeignet ist, um den Algorithmus des Verfahrens wie definiert in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 auszuführen,
    - eine HCI-Schnittstelle (6), die mit dem Rechner (5) zum Weiterleiten, an einen Bediener, der Menge der chemischen Restenergie interagiert, die durch den Algorithmus des Verfahrens wie definiert in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 erhalten wird.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, wonach es ein Bordsystem ist, wobei:
    • der Rechner (5) ein Bordrechner ist, der an den Füllstand- (2), den Temperatur- (3) und den Dichtesensor (4) angeschlossen ist, wobei der Rechner (5) speziell zum Ausführen des Algorithmus des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ausgelegt ist,
    • die HCI-Schnittstelle (6) eine Bordschnittstelle einer Art eines Armaturenbretts an Bord eines Fahrzeugs oder eine verschobene Schnittstelle ist.
  7. Fahrzeug, umfassend einen Drucktank (1), der eine Schicht aus Flüssigerdgas enthält und mit dem Füllstand- (2), dem Temperatur- (3) und dem Dichtesensor (4) versehen ist, wobei das Fahrzeug dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es ferner ein System wie definiert in den Ansprüchen 5 oder 6 aufweist.
EP17740051.2A 2016-06-30 2017-06-14 Verfahren und system zur echtzeit-berechnung der energiemenge in einem ungekühlten, unter druck stehenden flüssigerdgasbehälter Active EP3479006B1 (de)

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FR1656241A FR3053432B1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 Procede et systeme pour calculer en temps reel la quantite d'energie transportee dans une cuve de gaz naturel liquefie pressurisee et non refrigeree.
PCT/FR2017/051541 WO2018002467A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2017-06-14 Procédé et système pour calculer en temps réel la quantité d'énergie transportée dans une cuve de gaz naturel liquéfié pressurisée et non réfrigérée

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FR3127546B1 (fr) * 2021-09-30 2023-08-25 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Procédé et système pour calculer un paramètre de transition d’un moyen de stockage pour un gaz liquéfié
SE546389C2 (en) * 2021-11-22 2024-10-22 Husqvarna Ab Concrete surface processing machine comprising a control unit for determining fuel depletion
US12270514B1 (en) 2022-12-07 2025-04-08 United Launch Alliance, L.L.C. Methods and systems to determine liquid natural gas (LNG) composition and density

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US20190226640A1 (en) 2019-07-25
KR102235002B1 (ko) 2021-04-02
US11293594B2 (en) 2022-04-05
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AU2017289548A1 (en) 2019-01-17
SG11201811654TA (en) 2019-01-30
ES2989105T3 (es) 2024-11-25
WO2018002467A1 (fr) 2018-01-04
JP2019519740A (ja) 2019-07-11
FR3053432B1 (fr) 2019-05-10

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