EP3475277B1 - Anti-infektive heterocyclische verbindungen und verwendungen davon - Google Patents

Anti-infektive heterocyclische verbindungen und verwendungen davon Download PDF

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EP3475277B1
EP3475277B1 EP17735653.2A EP17735653A EP3475277B1 EP 3475277 B1 EP3475277 B1 EP 3475277B1 EP 17735653 A EP17735653 A EP 17735653A EP 3475277 B1 EP3475277 B1 EP 3475277B1
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trifluoromethyl
phenothiazin
mmol
tert
amino
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French (fr)
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EP3475277A1 (de
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Leif Kirsebom
Ram Shankar Upadhayaya
Raghava Reddy Kethiri
Anders Virtanen
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Bioimics AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C07D279/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D279/10—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines
    • C07D279/14—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D279/18—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
    • C07D279/22—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D279/24—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by amino radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D279/28—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by amino radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom with other substituents attached to the ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/538—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/5415—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. phenothiazine, chlorpromazine, piroxicam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/10—Antimycotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
    • C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D241/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D241/46—Phenazines
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
    • C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • C07D265/38—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D279/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D279/10—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines
    • C07D279/14—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D279/18—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
    • C07D279/20—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/06—Peri-condensed systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heterocyclic compounds useful as anti-infective agents.
  • the present invention further relates to a method of treating an infection by administering such a compound.
  • the present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to global public health. New resistance mechanisms emerge and spread globally, threatening the effective prevention and treatment of a range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites and fungi.
  • a number of examples can be provided to illustrate the threat posed.
  • 2013 there was approximately half a million new cases of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
  • Resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies which are the best available treatment for falciparum malaria, has been detected in the Greater Mekong subregion.
  • Highly resistant bacteria such as MRSA cause a high percentage of hospital-acquired infections.
  • Patients with such drug-resistant infections have an increased risk of inferior clinical outcomes and death as compared to patients infected with non-resistant bacteria.
  • Ten countries have reported cases where gonorrhoea was untreatable due to resistance to the treatmetns of last resort (3 rd generation cephalosporins). Thus, gonorrhoea may soon become untreatable.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide compounds useful for the treatment or prevention of infection.
  • a further object is to provide a method of treating an infection, such as a bacterial, fungal or parasitic infection.
  • the compounds have the Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein
  • Compounds, or salts therefore, as defined by Formula I can be used in the treatment or prevention of infection, especially bacterial infection.
  • RNase P is a ribonucleoprotein complex present in all living cells. It catalyses the removal of 5'leader sequences from tRNA precursors and similar molecules.
  • RNase P consists of one RNA subunit and a small basic protein, and it has been shown that the catalytic activity is associated with its RNA subunit.
  • RNase P is potentially a good drug target since RNase P is indispensable for bacterial viability and the architecture of RNase P differs between bacteria and eukaryote. For example, the important P-15 loop in bacteria is a good target for antibacterial drug design.
  • the compounds of Formula I may belong to a subset of compounds having a Formula II: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein:
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein R 8 is not H.
  • the compounds of the invention may have substituents at the R 1 , R 3 and R 8 positions, or alternatively at the R 2 , R 3 and R 8 . It has been found that thus substituted compounds are especially active in the treatment or prevention of infection.
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 are C.
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein R 1 is H.
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of -NH 2 and -NH R 5 .
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein R 2 is -NHC(O) R 5 .
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein R 4 is H.
  • the compounds of Formula I or II may have a structure wherein A is S.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved by a compound according to Formula I or II as disclosed above, for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body by therapy.
  • the therapy may be treatment or prevention of an infection.
  • the infection may be a bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection.
  • the infection may be a bacterial infection caused or complicated by bacteria of a genus selected from Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Listeria, Escherichia and Mycobacterium.
  • the bacterial infection may be caused or complicated by a bacterial species selected from the group: S. aureus, E.
  • the bacterial infection may be caused or complicated by a bacterial species selected from the group: M. fortuitum, M. phlei, M. tuberculosis.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved by a method of treating an infection which comprises administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as disclosed above.
  • the infection may be a bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection.
  • the infection may be a bacterial infection caused or complicated by bacteria of a genus selected from Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Listeria,Escherichiaand Mycobacterium.
  • the bacterial infection may be caused or complicated by a bacterial species selected from the group: S. aureus, E. faecalis, E.
  • the bacterial infection may be caused or complicated by a bacterial species selected from the group: M. fortuitum, M. phlei, M. tuberculosis.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by use of a compound as disclosed above, or a salt thereof, in inhibition of bacterial RNase P activity.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by use of a compound as disclosed above, or a salt thereof, as a bactericide.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as disclosed above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, adjuvant, diluent and/or carrier.
  • MHz megahertz (frequency)
  • m multiplet
  • t triplet
  • d doublet
  • s singlet
  • br broad
  • CDCl3 deutero chloroform
  • calcd is calculated, min is minutes, h is hours, g is grams, mmol is millimoles, mL is milliliters
  • N normality (concentration)
  • M molarity (concentration)
  • ⁇ M micromolar
  • ee enantiomeric excess
  • de diastereomeric excess
  • °C degree centigrade
  • HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography
  • LC-MS Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
  • NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • TLC Thin Layer Chromatography
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • MeOH methanol
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • DEA diethylamine
  • DMA dimethylacetamide
  • DMF dimethylacetamide
  • Biotage Isolera® One and CombiFlash®(Teledyne Isco) Automated Flash Purification System were used for the purification of crude products using the eluent combination mentioned in the respective procedures.
  • Flash Chromatography was performed using silica gel (60-100, 100-200 and 230-400 mesh) from ChemLabs, with nitrogen and/or compressed air.
  • Preparative thin-layer chromatography was carried out using silica gel (GF 1500 ⁇ M 20 ⁇ 20 cm and GF 2000 ⁇ M 20 ⁇ 20 cm prep-scored plates from Analtech, Inc. Delaware, USA).
  • Thin-layer chromatography was carried out using pre-coated silica gel sheets (Merck 60 F 254 ).
  • a substituent described herein is not compatible with the synthetic methods described herein, the substituent may be protected with a suitable protecting group that is stable to the reaction conditions.
  • the protecting group may be removed at a suitable point in the reaction sequence to provide a desired intermediate or target compound.
  • suitable protecting groups and the methods for protecting and de-protecting different substituents using such suitable protecting groups are well known to those skilled in the art;examples of which may be found in T. Greene and P. Wuts, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis(4th ed.), John Wiley & Sons, NY (2006 ).
  • a substituent may be specifically selected to be reactive under the reaction conditions used. Under these circumstances, the reaction conditions convert the selected substituent into another substituent that is either useful as an intermediate compound or is a desired substituent in a target compound.
  • Step 2 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 10-(3-Iodopropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 4 10-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 5 3-(1-Isothiocyanato-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)- N , N- dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Thecrude product was purified by column chromatography over silica gel using methanol/dichloromethane (1:9) mixture as eluent to give the title compound (0.06 g, crude): MS (ESI) m / z 410.1 (M+H) + . The compound was used in next step without further purification.
  • Step 6 1-(10-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)thiourea
  • Table II lists examples of compounds synthesised by the method of Scheme II.
  • Figure 3 shows general reaction scheme III for the synthesis of selected1, 3-disubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Compounds IIIc were reducedusing Pd/C to yield the corresponding 1-amino phenothiazenes/1-amino phenoxazines ( IIId ).
  • Step 1 1-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazine
  • Step 2 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 Tert -butyl (3-((3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1yl)carbamoyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate
  • Step 4 3-Amino- N -(3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide
  • Step 2 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 Tert -butyl(3-(((3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)methyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate
  • Step 4 N -((3-Aminocyclohexyl)methyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 1 1-Nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazine
  • Step 2 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 Tert -butyl 4-((3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidine-1 carboxylate
  • Step 4 N -(Piperidin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 5 Tert -butyl (2-(4-((3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 6 N -(1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Table III lists examples of compounds synthesised by the method of Scheme III.
  • Table III Cmpd # R 2 A R 3 R 4 Cmpd # R 2 A R 3 R 4 2 NH 2 S CF 3 H 67 S CF 3 H 30 S CF 3 H 92 S CF 3 H 39 S CF 3 H 97 S CF 3 H 91 S CF 3 H 100 S CF 3 H 95 S CF 3 H 105 S CF 3 H 98 S CF 3 H 108 S CF 3 H 101 S CF 3 H 118 S CF 3 H 106 S CF 3 H 120 S CF 3 H 113 S CF 3 H 133 S CF 3 H 115 S CF 3 H 139 S CF 3 H 119 S CN H 141 S CF 3 H 125 S CF 3 H 148 S CF 3 H 132 S CF 3 H 157 S CF 3 H 134 S CF 3 H 159 S CF 3 H 140 S CF 3 H 161 S Cl H 149 S CF 3 H 163
  • Figure 4 shows general synthetic scheme IV for the synthesis of selected3, N -10-Disubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Nucleophilic substitution of 2-amino-5-bromobenzenethiol ( IVa ) with 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene ( IVb ) resulted in compound IVc .
  • N- Formylation followed by Smiles rearrangement of compound IVc yielded 3-bromo phenothiazene ( IVe ).
  • N -alkylation of compound IVe with alkylbromides using NaH yielded N -10-alkylatedphenothiazene( IVf ).
  • Neurophilic substitution of compound IVf followed by reduction, and protection of the resulting amine gave compound IVg.
  • Step 4 3-Bromo-10-(3-chloropropyl)-10 H- phenothiazine
  • Step 5 3-(3-Bromo-10 H phenothiazin-10-yl)- N , N dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Step 6 Tert -butyl-2-(10-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 7 3-(3-(1 H- Indol-2-yl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)- N , N- dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Example 150 3-(3-(1 H- Indol-2-yl)-10 H- phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-1-amine
  • Step 5 10-(3-Azidopropyl)-3-bromo-10 H- phenothiazine
  • Step 7 Tert -butyl (3-(3-bromo-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl)carbamate
  • Step 8 Tert -butyl 2-(10-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propyl)-10 H- phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 9 3-(3-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-1-amine
  • Table IV lists some examples of compounds synthesised by the method of Scheme IV.
  • Table IV Cmpd # R 3 R 1 R 4 Cmpd # R 3 R 1 R 4 110 H 111 H 116 H 117 H 121 H 129 H 122 H 152 H 136 H 123 H 144 H 198 H 151 H 186 H 153 H 197 H 130 H 241 NO 2 181 H 222 H 150 H 245 CF 3 213 H 254 OMe 258 271 262 275 265 CF3 276 Br 266 CF3 277 278 Br 279 Br
  • Figure 5 shows general synthetic scheme V for the synthesis of selected 1,3-disubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Nucleophilic substitution of 2-aminothiophenol (Va) with aryl halides (Vb) followed by insitu Smiles rearrangement using NaOH gives 1,3 -disubstituted phenothiazene (Vc).
  • Acid-amine coupling of compound Vc with distinct amines resulted in the corresponding amides Vd.
  • Reducing the NO 2 group of Vd using Pd/C resulted in the corresponding amine compound Ve.
  • Amide formation of compound Ve using corresponding acids or acid chlorides followed by deprotection of amine group resulted in title compounds Vh.
  • Parallel, reductive amination of compound Ve with carbonyl compound followed by deprotection resultedin title compound Vh.
  • Figure 6 shows general synthetic scheme VI for the synthesis of selected 3, N -10-Disubstituted azaphenothiazenes.
  • Nucleophilic substitution of substituted amino thiophenols ( VIa ) with 2-chloro-3-nitro pyridine ( VIb ) gives compound VIc .
  • Acetylation followed by Smiles rearrangement of VIc yielded compound VIe .
  • Deprotection of compound VIe using HCl gives 3-haloazaphenothiazenes VIf .
  • Alkylation of compound VIf using alkyl chlorides/NaH followed by Suzuki coupling with arylboronic acid resulted title compounds VIh .
  • Step 1 4-Bromo-2-((3-nitropyridin-2-yl)thio)aniline
  • Step 2 N -(4-Bromo-2-((3-nitropyridin-2-yl)thio)phenyl)acetamide
  • Step 3 7-Bromo-10 H -benzo[ b ]pyrido[2,3- e ][1,4]thiazine
  • Step 4 3-(7-Bromo-10 H- benzo[b]pyrido[2,3- e ][1,4]thiazin-10-yl)- N , N- dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Step 5 Tert- butyl 2-(10-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-10 H -benzo[b]pyrido[2,3- e ][1,4]thiazin-7-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 6 3-(7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-10 H- benzo[ b ]pyrido[2,3- e ][1,4]thiazin-10-yl)- N , N- dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Figure 7 shows general synthetic scheme VII for the synthesis of selected 3, N -10-disubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Formylation of phenothiazene (VIIa) at C-3 position usingurotropine yielded 3-formyl phenothiazene (VIIb).
  • Reaction of compound VIIc with amine resulted in compound VIId, which is further reacted with aryl diamine or aryl aminothiol to yield title compounds VIIe .
  • Step 2 10-(3-Chloropropyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde
  • Step 3 10-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde
  • Step 4 3-(3-(Benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-yl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)- N , N -dimethylpropan-1-amine
  • Figure 8 shows general synthetic scheme VIII for the synthesis of selected 1,3,7-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Negcleophilic substitution of substituted arylamino thiol ( VIIIa ) with aryl halide ( VIIIb ) followed by insitu Smiles rearrangement gave trisubstituted phenothiazines ( VIIIc ).
  • Suzuki coupling of VIIIc with arylboronic acid followed by reduction of nitro group with Pd/C givescompound VIIIe .
  • Reductive amination of VIIIe with cyclic ketones followed by deprotection using HCl gave title compounds VIIIg .
  • Step 1 7-Bromo-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine
  • Step 2 7-(1 H Indol-2-yl)-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H phenothiazine
  • Step 3 7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 4 Tert -butyl 2-(9-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-(trifluoromethyl)10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 5 7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)- N -(piperidin-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine trifluoroacetic acid salt
  • Step 1 7-Bromo-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine
  • Step 2 7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine
  • Step 3 7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 4 Tert -butyl (3-((7-(1 H -indol-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)carbamoyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate
  • Step 5 N -(7-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)-3-aminocyclohexanecarboxamide:
  • Figure 9 shows general synthetic scheme IX for the synthesis of selected 1,3,8-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.Nucleophilic substitution reaction of substituted 2-amino thiophenol ( IXa ) with aryl halides ( IXb ) followed by insitu Smiles rearrangement gave title compounds IXc .
  • Figure 10 shows general synthetic scheme X for the synthesis of selected 1,3,7-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Nucleophilic substitution reaction of substituted 2-amino thiophenol ( Xa ) with aryl halides ( Xb ) followed by in situ Smiles rearrangement gavetitle compounds Xc .
  • Reduction of compound Xc using Pd/C followed by salt preparation resulted title compound Xe .
  • Figure 11 shows general synthetic scheme XI for the synthesis of a selected 1, 3, 8-trisubstituted phenothiazine.
  • N -Acylation of 2-bromo-5-fluoroaniline ( XIa ) followed by neucleophilic substitution reaction with a thiol surrogate yielded compound XId .
  • Deprotection of alkyl chain using NaOEt followed by nucleophilic substitution and Smiles rearrangement give compound XIg .
  • Deprotection of compound XIg using SOCl 2 followed by reduction using Pd/C resulted compound XIi .
  • Acid-amine coupling of XIi with XIj followed by deprotection using HCl yielded the title compound XII .
  • Step 4 1-(8-Fluoro-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl) ethanone
  • Step 5 8-Fluoro-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazine
  • Step 6 8-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 7 Tert -butyl(3-((8-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)carbamoyl)cyclohexyl) carbamate
  • Step 8 3-Amino-N-(8-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1- yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide.
  • Figure 12 shows general synthetic scheme XII for the synthesis of selected triazolo phenothiazenes and imidazolo phenothiazenes.
  • Nucleophilic substitutionof 2-amino thiophenol ( Xlla ) with aryl halides ( XIIb ) followed by in situ Smiles rearrangement give compound XIIc .
  • Reduction of compound XIIc using Pd/C resulted compound XIId .
  • Cyclization of compound XIId with aldehydes ( B ) followed by deprotection resulted imidazolo phenothiazenes ( XIIg ).
  • Step 2 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 Tert-butyl 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5,1- kl ]phenothiazin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate
  • Step 4 1-(Piperidin-4-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5,1- kl ]phenothiazine
  • Step 5 Tert -butyl(2-(4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5,1- kl ]phenothiazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl) carbamate
  • Figure 13 shows general reaction scheme XIII for the synthesis of a selected triubstituted phenothiazine.
  • Nucleophilic substitution reaction of substitutedamino thiols XIIIa with substituted dinitro aryl halides XIIIb followed bu insitu Smiles rearrangement resulted in the formation of trisubstituted phenothiazenes XIIIc .
  • Nitro group reduction withPd/C gave compound XIIId , which on reductive amination with an appropriate ketone resulted in corresponding amine compound (XIIIe), followed by deprotection resultedin title compound XIIIf .
  • Step 1 7-Chloro-1-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H phenothiazine
  • Step 2 7-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Step 3 Tert -butyl (2-(4-((7-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 4 N -(1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-7-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-amine
  • Figure 14 shows general synthetic scheme XIV for the synthesis of selected triubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Aqueous hydrolysis of compound XIVa gave substituted amino thiols XIVb, which on nucleophilic substitution reaction with substituted dinitro arylhalides XIVc , followed bu insitu Smiles rearrangement resulted in the formation of trisubstituted phemothiaxzenes XIVd.
  • Nitro group reduction withPd/C gave compound XIVf
  • Reductive amination of XIVf with an appropriate ketone resulted in compound XIVfg, followed by deprotection resulted compound XIVj .
  • compound XIVfg was reduced by Rany-Ni to the corresponding amine, followed by deprotection gave the title compound XIVi.
  • Step 3 9-Nitro-7-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carbonitrile
  • Step 4 9-Amino-7-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H- phenothiazine-3-carbonitrile
  • Step 5 Tert -butyl (2-(4-((7-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl)amino) piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 6 Tert -butyl (2-(4-((7-(aminomethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-1-yl) amino) piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 7 N -(1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-7-(aminomethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phen othiazin-1-amine
  • Figure 15 shows general synthetic scheme XV for the synthesis of selected trisubstituted phenothiazenes.Bromination of phenothiazene XVa with Br 2 gave the dibromo phenothiazene XVb which on Suzuki coupling with indole boronic acid gave gompound XVc. N -10 alkylationof XVc with dihalide followed by azide formation gave compound XVe. Azide reduction followed by amine protection gave compound XVg. Palladium catalyzed amination/cayanation followed by deprotection gave the title compound XVi.
  • Step 2 Tert -butyl 2-(7-bromo-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 3 Tert -butyl 2-(7-bromo-10-(3-chloropropyl)-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 4 Tert -butyl 2-(10-(3-azidopropyl)-7-bromo-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 5 Tert -butyl 2-(10-(3-aminopropyl)-7-bromo-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 6 Tert -butyl 2-(7-bromo-10-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propyl)-10 H- phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 7 Tert -butyl 2-(10-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propyl)-7-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-10 H -phenothiazin-3-yl)-1 H -indole-1-carboxylate
  • Step 8 3-(3-(1 H -Indol-2-yl)-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-1-amine
  • Figure 16 shows general synthetic scheme XVI for the synthesis of selected triubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Substituted benzothiazoles XVIa were hydrolysed with potassium hydroxide to the corresponding aminothiols XVIb, which on neucleophilic substitution with aryl halides followed by insitu Smiles rearrangement gave the corresponding substituted phenothiazene XVIc.
  • Esterification of XVIc followed by reduction of nitro group gave the corresponding amines XVIe, which on reductive amination with appropriate carbohyl comounds gave the copound XVIf , which is deprotected with acid to give the title compound XVIg.
  • Step 2 9-Nitro-7-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carboxylic acid
  • Step 3 Methyl 9-nitro-7-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carboxylate
  • Step 4 Methyl 9-amino-7-(trifluoromethyl)-10 H -phenothiazine-3-carboxylate
  • Figure 17 shows general reaction scheme XXIII for the synthesis of selected1, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Step 4 tert-butyl 4-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidine-1-carboxylate:
  • Step 6 tert-butyl (2-(4-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 7 tert-butyl 7-bromo-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino)ethyl) piperidin-4-yl) amino)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, reaction mixture was diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x50 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulpahte filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 8 tert-butyl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 9 N-(1-(2-aminoethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-7-(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine :
  • Step 10 tert-butyl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-(cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 11 N-(1-(2-aminoethyl) piperidin-4-yl)-7-(cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine hydrochloride
  • Step 12 tert-butyl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(1-(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 13 N-(1-(2-aminoethyl) piperidin-4-yl)-7-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine hydrochloride
  • Figure 18 shows general reaction scheme XXIV for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Step 1 di-tert-butyl(azanediylbis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dicarbamate
  • Step 2 di-tert-butyl (((2-hydroxyethyl)azanediyl)bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dicarbamate
  • Step 3 2-(bis(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)ethyl methanesulfonate
  • Step 4 di-tert-butyl (((2-(4-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)azanediyl)bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dicarbamate
  • Step 5 tert-butyl 1-((1-(2-(bis(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 6 tert-butyl 1-((1-(2-(bis(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 7 N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N1-(2-(4-((7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine hydrochloride
  • Figure 19 shows general reaction scheme XXV for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • Buchwald coupling of nitro bromo phenothiazines ( XXVa ) yielded substituted phenothiazene/substituted phenoxazines ( XXVb ).
  • Compounds XXVb were mating Zn/NH4Cl to yield the corresponding 1-amino 6-substiutted phenothiazenes/1-amino 6-substituted phenoxazines ( XXVc ).
  • Compound 300 N-((3-aminocyclohexyl)methyl)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine:
  • Step-1 Synthesis of tert-butyl 1-nitro-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered through celite bed washed with ethyl acetate (100mL). Filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the crude compound was purified by column chromatography (silica gel 60-120 mesh, eluted with 2-3% EtOAc in pet ether) to afford tert-butyl 1-nitro-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate (850 mg, yield: 87%) as brown solid.
  • Step-2 Synthesis of tert-butyl 1-amino-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • Step-3 Synthesis of tert-butyl 1-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclohexanecarboxamido)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) slowly drop wise very carefully then extracted with ethyl acetate (2 ⁇ 40 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO 3 solution (100 mL) dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the crude compound was purified by column chromatography (silica gel 60-120 mesh, eluted with 2-3% EtOAc in DCM) to afford tert-butyl 1-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclohexanecarboxamido)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate (30 mg, yield: 16%) as grey color solid.
  • Step-4 Synthesis of 3-amino-N-(7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide:
  • Step-5 Synthesis of t ert-butyl 1-((3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclohexyl)methylamino)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • Step-6 Synthesis of N-((3-aminocyclohexyl)methyl)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine:
  • Figure 20 shows general reaction scheme XXVI for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • XXVIa reacted with acid chloride yielded corresponding amide of 1,3 6 tri substituted phenothiazene/substituted phenoxazines ( XXVIb ) .
  • Compounds XXVIb futher udergoes alkylation in microwave gave XXVIc.
  • Step 2 tert-butyl (2-((3-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)-3-oxopropyl)amino)ethyl)carbamate
  • Step 3 3-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-N-(7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propanamide
  • reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give solid which was washed with diethyl ether (2x3 mL) and n-Pentane (2 mL), dried under reduced pressure to afford 3-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-N-(7-bromo-3-(triffuoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propanamide hydrochloride (50 mg, yield: 43 %) as brown solid.
  • Step 4 tert-butyl (2-((3-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)amino)propyl)amino)ethyl)carbamate (BI-001-0027-150)
  • Step 5 N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N3-(7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propane-1,3-diamine (BI-001-0027-167)
  • reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give solid which was washed with diethyl ether (3 mL) and n-Pentane (3 mL), dried under reduced pressure to afford N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N3-(7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propane-1,3-diamine hydrochloride (30 mg, yield: 68 %) as yellow solid.
  • Figure 21 shows general reaction scheme XXVII for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazenes.
  • XXVc reacted with acid chloride yielded corresponding amide of 1,3 6 tri substituted phenothiazene/substituted phenoxazines ( XXVIIa ).
  • Compounds XXVIIa futher udergoes alkylation in microwave gave XXVIIb.
  • Compounds XXVIIb reduce the amide bond and followed by boc deprotections gave XXVII with corresponding salts
  • Step 2 tert-butyl 1-(3-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propanamido)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 3 3-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-N-(7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propanamide hydrochloride
  • reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give solid which was washed with diethyl ether (3 mL) and n-Pentane (3 mL), dried under reduced pressure to afford 3-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-N-(7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propanamide hydrochloride (60 mg, 75 %) as grey solid.
  • Figure 22 shows general synthetic scheme XXVIII for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, substituted phenothiazenes.
  • Step-2 Synthesis of ethyl 1-nitro-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxylate:
  • Step-3 Synthesis of ethyl 1-amino-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxylate:
  • Step-4 Synthesis of ethyl 1-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxylate:
  • Step-5 Synthesis of ethyl 1-(piperidm-4-ytamino)-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxytate:
  • Step-6 Synthesis of ethyl 1-(1-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)ethyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxylate:
  • Step-7 Synthesis of 10-tert-butyl 3-ethyl 1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(1-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-10H-phenothiazine-3,10-dicarboxylate:
  • Step-8 Synthesis of 10-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1-(1-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)ethyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)-10H-phenothiazine-3-carboxylic acid:
  • Step-9 Synthesis of tert-butyl 1-(1-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)ethyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)-3-(pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • Step-10 Synthesis of (1-(1-(2-ammoethyt)piperidin-4-ytamino)-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methanone:
  • Figure 23 shows general synthetic scheme XXIX for the synthesis of a selected 1, 3, 8-trisubstituted phenothiazine.N-Acylation of 2-bromo-amino pyridines ( XXIXa ) followed by neucleophilic substitution reaction with a thiol surrogate yielded compound XXIXd. Deprotection of alkyl chain using NaOEt followed by nucleophilic substitution and Smiles rearrangement give compound XXIXe . Acid-amine coupling or reductive amination of XXIXe followed by deprotection using HCl yielded the corresponding salts.
  • reaction mixture was filtered through celite, concentrated under reduced pressure. Obtained crude product was purified on gradient coloum with 30-40% Ethyl acetate/hexane as eluant to gives 3-ethylheptyl 3-(4-acetamidopyridin-3-ylthio)propanoate as colour less oil (1.4 g, 77%).
  • Step 6 tert-butyl3-(8-(trifluoromethyl)-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]thiazin-6-ylcarbamoyl)cyclohexylcarbamate
  • Step 7 3-amino-N-(8-(trifluoromethyl)-5H-benzo[e]pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]thiazin-6-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide
  • Figure 24 shows general shynthetic scheme XXX for the synthesis of selected substituted phenothiazenes.
  • 2- amino cyclo hexanol of XXXa were protected with boc and and neucleophilic substitution reaction with a thiol surrogate by using potassium thio acetate via., mesylation XXXd. followed bu insitu Smiles rearrangement resulted in the formation of trisubstituted phemothiaxzenes XXXd.
  • Step-1 Synthesis of tert-butyl (2-hydroxycyclohexyl) carbamate:
  • Step-2 Synthesis of 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate:
  • Step-3 Synthesis of 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate:
  • Step-4 Synthesis of tert-butyl (2-mercaptocyclohexyl) carbamate:
  • reaction mixture was cooled to 0 °C, added 2N NaOH solution (2.5 mL) and stirred for 10 min; solid formed was filtered through a pad of celite, washed with ethyl acetate (2x25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and concentrated (20-25 °C) under reduced pressure to afford tert-butyl (2-mercaptocyclohexyl)carbamate (380 mg, crude) as colorless solid. The crude compound was used in the next step without any purification.
  • Step-5 Synthesis of 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate:
  • Step-6 Synthesis of tert-butyl 9-amino-7-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-phenothiazine-10(10aH)-carboxylate:
  • Step-7 Synthesis of 7-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-phenothiazin-9-amine: (BI-001-0015-161)
  • Step-8 Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-((7-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-phenothiazin-9-yl)amino) piperidine-1-carboxylate
  • Step-9 Synthesis of N-(piperidin-4-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-phenothiazin-9-amine:
  • Figure 25 shows general reaction scheme XXXI for the synthesis of selected tert-butyl (2-aminoethyl) carbamate alkylated with ethyl 3-chloropropanoate in the presence of base to gave XXXIb, which were further protected with boc anhydride to give N-protected ester XXXIc, XXXIc was ester reduction with lithium aluminum hydride to gave XXXId and followed by oxidation with martin's reagent to give corresponding aldehydes XXXIe .
  • Step 1 Ethyl 3-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl) amino) propanoate:
  • Step 2 Ethyl 3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propanoate:
  • Step 3 Tert-butyl (2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) ethyl)(3-hydroxypropyl)carbamate:
  • Step 4 Tert-butyl (2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) ethyl) (3-oxopropyl) carbamate:
  • Step 5 tert-butyl(2-((3-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl) amino) propyl) amino) ethyl) carbamate
  • Step 6 tert-butyl 7-bromo-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propyl)amino)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washed with ethyl acetate (50 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulpahte filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 7 tert-butyl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 8 N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N3-(7-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propane-1,3-diamine hydrochloride
  • tert-butyl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-l-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate (30 mg, 0.003 mmol)in DCM (1 mL) was added 4M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) at 0 °C and stirred the reaction mixture at room temperature for 2 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC.
  • Step 9 tert-butyl 1((3((tertbutoxycarbonyl)(2((tertbutoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7-(cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate:
  • Step 10 N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N3-(7-(cyclopent-1-en-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl) propane-1, 3-diamine hydrochloride
  • Step 11 tert-butyl 1-((3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)amino)propyl)amino)-7-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazine-10-carboxylate
  • Step 12 N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N3-(7-cyclopentyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl) propane-1, 3-diamine hydrochloride
  • Figure 26 shows general reaction scheme XXXII for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazines.
  • Tert butyl acryl ate was treated with protected 2- amine ethanol to gave XXXIIa, further reduction with lithium aluminum hydride and followed by oxidation with dessmartin' reagent to give corresponding aldehydes (XXXIId).
  • Reductive amination of compound XXXIId with XXIIId yielded corresponding n-alkylated phenothiazines XXXIIe and further deprotection gave XXXII with corresponding salts.
  • Step-1 tert-butyl 3-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)ethoxy)propanoate:
  • Step-2 tert-butyl 2-(3-hydroxypropoxy) ethyl carbamate:
  • Step-3 tert-butyl 2-(3-oxopropoxy) ethylcarbamate:
  • Step-4 tert-butyl 2-(3-(7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-ylamino) propoxy)ethylcarbamate:
  • Step-5 Synthesis of N-(3-(2-aminoethoxy)propyl)-7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine hydrochloride:
  • Figure 27 shows general reaction scheme XXXIII for the synthesis of selectedl, 3, 6-trisubstituted phenothiazines.
  • 3 amino cyclo hexyl carboxylic was protected boc anhydride to gave XXXIIIa, and followed by acid amide coupling with weinreb amine to giave XXXIIIc further reduction with lithium aluminum hydride to give corresponding aldehydes (XXXIIId).
  • Reductive amination of compound XXXIIId with XXIIId yielded corresponding n-alkylated phenothiazines XXXIIIe and further deprotection gave XXXIII with corresponding salts.
  • Step-1 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino) cyclohexane carboxylic acid
  • Step-2 tert-butyl3-(methoxy (methyl) carbamoyl) cyclohexylcarbamate
  • Step-3 tert-butyl 3-formylcyclohexylcarbamate
  • Step-4 tert-butyl 3-((7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-ylamino)methyl) cyclohexylcarbamate
  • Step-5 N-((3-aminocyclohexyl)methyl)-7-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-amine hydrochloride
  • Table 13 below provides LC-MS data on the compounds synthesised and indicates which general synthetic method (Scheme number) was used to obtain the compound. Compounds designated “NC" are not within the scope of any of the appended independent claims. Table 13 Cmpd # Structure Name Exact mass LC-MS [M+H]+ (m/z) Synthesis (Scheme no.) 2 3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-l-amine 282.04 283 III 30 3-amino-N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)propanamide 353 354.1 III 39 N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl )-N-(3-(trifluoromethy1)-10H-phenothiazin-1-yl)acrylamide 421.48 422.5 III 42 10-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl )-3 -(trifluoromethyl)-10H-phenothiazin-l-amine 367.
  • the compounds as disclosed by the present application have anti-infective activity.
  • MIC values were determined using the standard broth microdilution procedure based on the guidelines by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Briefly, the compounds were dissolved in DMSO to 10 mM. They were diluted in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) to four times the highest concentration tested. A serial 2-fold dilution in CAMHB was done in microdilution plates. The inoculum of bacterial strain to be tested was prepared by making a suspension of colonies from an 18 to 24 hours old plate in CAMHB. The inoculum was diluted so that, after inoculation, each well contained approximately 5 ⁇ 10 5 CFU/mL. To a volume of 50 ⁇ l compound in CAMHB an equal volume of inoculum was added.
  • the tray was sealed in a plastic bag and incubated at 35°C for 16 to 20 hours.
  • the dye resazurin was added to a final concentration 0.001% and incubated at room temperature for 1 h. Reduction of resazurin, and therefore bacterial growth, was seen as a change from blue to pink.
  • the MIC is the lowest concentration of compound that completely inhibits growth of the organism.
  • the assay is based on how much the cleavage of the substrate pATSerUG by E . coli RNase P RNA, M1 RNA, is inhibited by the compound.
  • the substrate pATSerUG is a 45 nt long model substrate that maintains T-stem/loop structure of the tRNA ser precursor. It was purchased from Dharmacon/GE Healthcare, and labelled with 32 P at the 5' end with [ ⁇ - 32 P]ATP according to standard procedures, and purified by electrophoresis on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel.
  • the M1 RNA was generated by T7 in vitro transcription using a PCR product with the M1 RNA gene as template.
  • the compound to be tested was dissolved in assay buffer (see below). Assay buffer was added to a theoretical concentration of up to 10 mM. After vortexing and incubation at room temperature for 30 minutes the undissolved compound was removed by centrifugation (17,000 ⁇ g 10 min). The concentration of compound in the supernatant was determined spectroscopically by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength where the compound had an absorbance maximum. The calibration curve was made from known concentrations of the compound dissolved in DMSO.
  • the cleavage reaction was performed in assay buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.9, 1 mMNH 4 Cl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 5% PEG6000, 10 mM spermidine).
  • M1 RNA was diluted to 10 times the concentration to be used in assay buffer and preincubated at 37°C for 10 min to allow proper folding. The final concentration of M1 RNA was determined for each batch of enzyme, and was the concentration that gave approximately 50% cleavage of the substrate in a 10 min reaction.
  • the folded M1 RNA was mixed with the compound to be tested in a total volume of 9 ⁇ l and incubated for an additional 10 min at 37°C.
  • the substrate was preheated separately for 5 min at 37°C.
  • the reaction was started by the addition of 1 ⁇ l substrate to the M1 RNA-compound mixture.
  • RNAse P Inhibition RNAse P Inhibition IC 50 ( ⁇ M) E. coli MIC ( ⁇ g/ml) S. aureus (“Clinical”) MIC ( ⁇ g/ml) S.

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Claims (17)

  1. Verbindung der Formel I:
    Figure imgb0876
     oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon
    wobei
    A aus S und O ausgewählt ist;
    jedes von X1, X2, X3, X4 und X5 unabhängig aus C und N ausgewählt ist;
    R1 ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    -H,
    -C1-6-Alkyl,
    -C1-6-Alkyl-Amino, wobei die Aminogruppe gegebenenfalls mit einer oder zwei C1-6-Acyl- oder C1-6-Alkylgruppen substituiert ist,
    und
    -C1-6-Alkyl-Heterocyclyl, wobei die Heterocyclylgruppe ein 5- oder 6-gliedriger aliphatischer oder aromatischer, gegebenenfals Benzo-kondensierter Heterocyclus ist und gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist;
    R2 aus der Gruppe bestehend aus NH2 , -NHR5 , -N(R5 )C(S)N(R5 )2 und -N(R5 )C(O)R5 ausgewählt ist;
    R3 für -CF3 steht;
    jedes von R4 und R8 aus H, -CN, -Halo, -CF3, -C1-6-Alkoxy, -CO2-C1-6-Alkyl, -NO2, -C1-6-Alkyl-NH2, -Heterocyclyl und -CONHm[(CH2)nNH2]2-m ausgewählt ist, wobei die Heterocyclyl-Gruppe ein 5- oder 6-gliedriger aliphatischer oder aromatischer, gegebenenfalls Benzo-kondensierter Heterocyclus ist;
    R5 jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    -H,
    -C1-6-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert,
    -C2-6-Alkenyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert,
    -C0-3-Alkyl-C3-6-Cycloalkyl-C0-3-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert,
    -Phenyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert,
    -C=C-Ph gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert,
    und
    -C0-3-Alkyl-Heterocyclyl-C0-3-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren
    R6 -Gruppen substituiert, wobei die Heterocyclyl-Gruppe ein 5-, 6- oder 7-gliedriger aliphatischer oder aromatischer, gegebenenfalls Benzo-kondensierter Heterocyclus ist;
    R6 jeweils unabhängig aus der Gruppe bestehend aus -Halo, -CN, -C1-6-Alkyl, -OH, -C1-6-Alkoxy, -C1-6-Alkyl-NH2, -NHm[(CH2)nNH2]2-m , -NH2, -NH-C1-6-Alkyl und -N-C1-6-Dialkyl ausgewählt ist;
    n und m Ganszahlen sind, wobei n jeweils unabhängig aus 2 oder 3 ausgewählt ist, und m jeweils unabhängig aus 0 oder 1 ausgewählt ist.
  2. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, die eine Formel II aufweist:
    Figure imgb0877
     oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon
    wobei
    A aus S und O ausgewählt ist;
    X1 aus C und N ausgewählt ist;
    R1 ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    -H,
    -C1-3-Alkyl,
    -C1-3-Alkyl-Amino, wobei die Aminogruppe gegebenenfalls mit einer oder zwei Acetyl- oder C1-3-Alkylgruppen substituiert ist,
    und
    -C1-3-Alkyl-Heterocyclyl, wobei die Heterocyclyl-Gruppe aus Imidazolyl, Piperazinyl und Thiomorpholinyl ausgewählt ist und gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist;
    R2 aus der Gruppe bestehend aus NH2 , -NHR5 und -N(R5 )C(O)R5 ausgewählt ist;
    R3 für -CF3 steht;
    jedes von R4 und R8 aus H, -CN, -Cl, -F, -CF3, -C1-3-Alkoxy, -CO2Me, -NO2, -C1-3-Alkyl-NH2, -Piperazinyl, -Indolyl und -CONHm[(CH2)nNH2]2-m ausgewählt ist;
    R5 jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    -H,
    -C1-3-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist,
    -C2-3-Alkenyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist,
    -C0-3-Alkyl-C3-6-Cycloalkyl-C0-3-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist,
    -Phenyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist,
    -C=C-Ph gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist,
    und
    -C0-3-Alkyl-Heterocyclyl-C0-3-Alkyl gegebenenfalls mit einer oder mehreren R6 -Gruppen substituiert ist, wobei die Heterocyclyl-Gruppe aus Azetidinyl, Pyrrolidinyl, Piperidinyl, Piperazinyl, Morpholinyl, Azepanyl und Indolyl ausgewählt ist;
    R6 jeweils unabhängig aus der Gruppe bestehend aus -F, -Cl, -CN, -C1-3-Alkyl, -OH, -C1-3-Alkoxy, -C1-3-Alkyl-NH2, -NHm[(CH2)nNH2]2-m , -NH2, -NHMe und -NMe2 ausgewählt ist;
    n und m Ganzzahlen sind, wobei n jeweils unabhängig aus 2 oder 3 ausgewählt ist, und m jeweils unabhängig aus 0 oder 1 ausgewählt ist.
  3. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei R4 für H steht, und R8 nicht für H steht.
  4. Verbindung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, wobei X1, X2, X3, X4 und X5 für C stehen.
  5. Verbindung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, wobei R1 für H steht.
  6. Verbindung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, wobei R2 aus den Gruppen bestehend aus -NH2 und -NHR5 ausgewählt ist.
  7. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1-5, wobei R2 für -NHC(O)R5 steht.
  8. Verbindung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, wobei A für S steht.
  9. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, die ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    Figure imgb0878
    Figure imgb0879
    Figure imgb0880
    Figure imgb0881
    Figure imgb0882
    Figure imgb0883
    Figure imgb0884
    Figure imgb0885
    Figure imgb0886
    Figure imgb0887
    Figure imgb0888
    Figure imgb0889
    Figure imgb0890
    Figure imgb0891
    Figure imgb0892
    Figure imgb0893
    Figure imgb0894
    Figure imgb0895
    Figure imgb0896
    Figure imgb0897
    Figure imgb0898
    Figure imgb0899
    Figure imgb0900
    Figure imgb0901
    Figure imgb0902
    Figure imgb0903
    Figure imgb0904
     und
    Figure imgb0905
     oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon.
  10. Verbindung ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
    Figure imgb0906
    Figure imgb0907
    Figure imgb0908
    Figure imgb0909
    Figure imgb0910
    Figure imgb0911
    Figure imgb0912
    Figure imgb0913
    Figure imgb0914
    Figure imgb0915
    Figure imgb0916
    Figure imgb0917
    Figure imgb0918
    Figure imgb0919
    Figure imgb0920
    Figure imgb0921
     und
    Figure imgb0922
     oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon.
  11. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon, zur Verwendung bei einem Verfahren zur Behandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers durch Therapie.
  12. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon, zur Verwendung nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Therapie die Behandlung oder Vorbeugung einer Infektion ist, die eine bakterielle Infektion, Pilzinfektion oder Parasiteninfektion ist.
  13. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon, zur Verwendung nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Infektion eine bakterielle Infektion ist, die durch Bakterien einer Gattung ausgewählt aus Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Listeria,Escherichia und Mycobacterium verursacht oder kompliziert worden ist.
  14. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon, zur Verwendung nach Anspruch 13, wobei die bakterielle Infektion verursacht oder kompliziert worden ist durch eine Bakterienart ausgewählt aus der Gruppe: S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. faecium, S. pneumoniae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, H. influenza, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, N. gonorrhoeae.
  15. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein Salz davon, zur Verwendung bei der Hemmung der bakteriellen RNase-P-Aktivität.
  16. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein Salz davon, zur Verwendung als ein Bakterizid.
  17. Pharmazeutische Zusammensetzung umfassend eine Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, oder ein pharmazeutisch verträgliches Salz davon, in Verbindung mit einem pharmazeutisch verträglichen Hilfsstoff, Adjuvant, Verdünnungsmittel und/oder Träger.
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