EP3465065A1 - Heat exchanger equipped with a filtering element - Google Patents

Heat exchanger equipped with a filtering element

Info

Publication number
EP3465065A1
EP3465065A1 EP17725941.3A EP17725941A EP3465065A1 EP 3465065 A1 EP3465065 A1 EP 3465065A1 EP 17725941 A EP17725941 A EP 17725941A EP 3465065 A1 EP3465065 A1 EP 3465065A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter element
heat exchanger
face
support
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17725941.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3465065B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Houlier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Raffinage Chimie SAS
Original Assignee
Total Raffinage Chimie SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Total Raffinage Chimie SAS filed Critical Total Raffinage Chimie SAS
Publication of EP3465065A1 publication Critical patent/EP3465065A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3465065B1 publication Critical patent/EP3465065B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/01—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a tube heat exchanger.
  • the exchangers of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in industrial units, including refineries.
  • Tubular heat exchangers frequently become clogged as a result of the packing of solid elements entrained by the fluids to be cooled. These solid elements may result from corrosion of the materials of the exchanger or fluid supply lines or may be tartar or objects forgotten during maintenance.
  • clogging occurs in an exchanger of an industrial unit, its maintenance often requires the complete shutdown of the unit and the opening of the exchanger for cleaning.
  • this cleaning requires the use of gear during the opening of the exchanger and is relatively long.
  • the subject of the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising an envelope containing an assembly of tube-shaped heat exchange elements defining at least two independent fluid circulation circuits, the envelope comprising in in addition to at least one filter element associated with a fluid circuit and disposed inside the casing between an inlet opening of the casing and an inlet face of the fluid in a fluid circuit.
  • the filter element is plane and the heat exchanger further comprises at least one support element now a face of the filter element at a predetermined distance from said inlet face, substantially parallel or parallel thereto. The support element is in abutment against said face of the filtering element or against said inlet face, optionally without securing between the support element and said face, in particular without the filtering element being attached to the envelope, assembly or other element of the heat exchanger.
  • the filter element is supported, in other words supported, by the support means, preferably without securing, which allows to set it up and extract it easily and quickly.
  • the support between the filter element and the support element or between the support element and the inlet face thus preferably results only from the Earth's gravity.
  • the filter element may nevertheless be secured to the casing and held in position by a fixing device, in particular a temporary device, for example of the bayonet type.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for heat exchangers between liquid fluids.
  • the filter element is shaped to retain solid particles present in a fluid, and in particular to separate solid particles present in a liquid.
  • Solidarization means a fixation, definitive or temporary, which does not allow movement, such as fixing by rivets, screw-nut systems or by welding or gluing.
  • the support elements according to the invention are not screws or rivets and the heat exchanger according to the invention is preferably devoid of fixing elements of the filter element and.
  • said at least one support element may be chosen from a support element secured to the casing, a support element secured to the inlet face, a bearing element integral with the filter element.
  • the support element is preferably in abutment against the inlet face of the fluid in the circuit.
  • the heat exchanger may include one or more of each of these support members to support the filter element.
  • support elements may be arranged on either side of the filter element.
  • at least one support element may be disposed at a distance from a peripheral edge of the filter element. This can promote the maintenance of the filter element and limit its deformation.
  • Other support elements may advantageously be arranged near the peripheral edge of the filter element.
  • said at least one support element is in the form of a rod or rib.
  • Such supports have the advantage of limiting the disturbances of the circulating fluid. They can advantageously be arranged substantially parallel to the direction of flow of the fluid, generally substantially perpendicular to the input face of the fluid circuit.
  • At least one support element may be a rib integral with the casing and on which the filter element rests on at least a part of its periphery.
  • a rib extending substantially parallel or parallel to the input face of the fluid circuit and receiving the filter element bearing on a face parallel to the input face
  • a rib extending substantially perpendicularly or perpendicularly to the input face of the fluid circuit, an end of the rib remote from the input face abuts the filter element.
  • At least one support member may be a support leg whose one end is integral with the filter element, or the input face, and the other end bears against the inlet face, or receives the filter element in support, respectively.
  • a support leg may extend substantially perpendicularly or perpendicularly to the inlet face and may have an end integral with the filter element, or the inlet face, and another end bearing against the face of the inlet, or receiving the filter element in support, respectively.
  • a single foot can be in the form of a sleeve.
  • at least two support legs preferably at least three, may be provided, the feet being in the form of rods or plates, preferably in the form of rods.
  • the support or support feet may be in abutment against the envelope, in particular against its internal face. This can promote the maintenance of the filter element, especially when it is in a substantially vertical position, one or more supporting feet resting on the casing preventing the tilting of the filter element.
  • the support feet may then advantageously have a shape complementary to the envelope, in particular of its internal face.
  • At least one of said at least one support element and the filter element can be movable between an active position in which said at least one support element bears against the filter element or against the face input and an inactive position in which said at least one support element is not in abutment against the filter element or against the input face.
  • the transition from one position to another can be obtained by a rotation, a translation, or a combination of these movements.
  • Such an arrangement may allow cooperation by supporting the support element and the filter element or the support element and the input face in a particular position of the support element or the support element. filter element corresponding to the active position. This can prevent a tilting of a substantially vertical filter element.
  • This arrangement has the advantage of being simple to implement, inexpensive and allow rapid coupling of the filter element to the envelope.
  • the filter element of the exchanger according to the invention may also be in several parts associated by removable fastening means or in several articulated parts. This can make it easier to clean the filter element and can make it possible to easily extract the filter element, in particular by opening the envelope, without having to open the envelope.
  • the heat exchange elements of the exchanger according to the invention are tubes.
  • the inlet face of one of the fluid circuits extends substantially perpendicular to the axes of the tubes.
  • the inlet face can then be defined as a flat surface containing the openings of the tubes and whose contour matches the internal shape of the envelope.
  • the filter element is preferably kept at a distance from this inlet face, the fluid flowing inside the tubes.
  • the filter element advantageously has an upper open area, especially at least 50%, to the sum of the passing surfaces of the tubes.
  • open surface means the passing surface of the filter element, in other words the surface through which a fluid can flow through the filter element.
  • the filtering element may have a plurality of meshes or perforations, each mesh or perforation having an open area (SI) smaller than an open area (S2) of a heat exchange element, the internal dimension the more of a mesh or perforation being smaller than the largest internal dimension of a heat exchange element.
  • SI open area
  • S2 open area
  • the filtering element positioned parallel to the inlet face, inside the envelope, may be of the same shape and dimensions as a surface or a section of the inlet face.
  • the filtering element comprises a peripheral edge in contact with an inner face of the envelope, possibly with a sufficiently small clearance to prevent the passage of fluid or particles between the inner face of the envelope and the peripheral edge.
  • the invention also relates to an industrial unit comprising at least one heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • This industrial unit is advantageously a refinery unit.
  • the invention finally relates to a heat exchange process between two fluids, in which the fluids are circulated in a heat exchanger according to the invention, one of the fluids being selected from water and hydrocarbons, the another fluid being selected from water, air and hydrocarbons.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is a partial front view of a filter element
  • - Figures 3 and 4 are perspective representations of filter elements provided with support elements according to different embodiments
  • - Figures 5, 6a and 7 are views in longitudinal section of a heat exchanger of the type of Figure 1 having a filter element maintained by bearing elements according to other embodiments;
  • FIG. 6b is a front view of the filter element and the casing shown in FIG. 6a;
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of a filter element according to another embodiment.
  • substantially horizontal, longitudinal or vertical means a direction / plane forming an angle of not more than ⁇ 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° with a direction / a horizontal, longitudinal or vertical.
  • substantially parallel, perpendicular or at right angle is meant a direction / an angle deviating by not more than ⁇ 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° from a parallel, perpendicular or from a right angle.
  • FIG. 1 represents a heat exchanger 10 comprising a casing 12 which contains an assembly 14 of heat exchange elements 16.
  • these heat exchange elements 16 are tubes arranged parallel to one another. These tubes are arranged to allow a circulation of a first fluid Fl in their interior and a circulation of a second fluid F2 between the tubes.
  • the assembly 14 of heat exchange elements 16 thus defines a first circulation circuit for a fluid F1 inside the heat exchange elements 16 and a second circulation circuit for the fluid F2.
  • Fl fluid enters the first fluid circuit by an inlet face 18.
  • This inlet face 18 extends substantially perpendicular to the axes of the tubes 16 and can be defined as a flat surface containing the openings of the tubes and the outline marries the inner shape of the envelope.
  • the heat exchanger 10 further comprises a filter element 20 which is disposed inside the casing 12 between the inlet face 18 and an inlet 22 formed in the casing 12 for the fluid inlet Fl.
  • This filter element 20 comprises a peripheral edge 20a whose outline matches the inner face 13 of the envelope. There may be a clearance between this peripheral edge 20a and the inner face 13, clearance sufficiently low to prevent the passage of particles between the peripheral edge 20a and the inner face 13 of the envelope.
  • the filter element 20 is maintained at a predetermined distance from the inlet face 18 of the first fluid circuit by at least one support element 30.
  • the filter element 20 is retained by the filter element 20 and does not penetrate inside the tubular heat exchange elements 16 of the assembly 14. This prevents their clogging.
  • the fluid may continue to pass beyond the filter element 20 and may enter all the heat exchange elements 16 so that the heat exchanges with the fluid F2 are not disturbed.
  • the latter can be cleaned or extracted easily from the envelope.
  • the fact that the filter element is not fixed rigidly to the casing but only supported by one or more support elements 30 makes it easier to mount / dismount the filter and to reduce the assembly / disassembly time.
  • the distance between the filter element 20 and the inlet face 18 may be chosen according to the dimensions of the heat exchanger and possibly depending on the nature of the fluids. For a filter element of about 2 meters in diameter, this distance can be of the order of 5 to 10 cm. More generally, the distance can be of the order of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the tubes 16.
  • the filter element 20 is plane and may be in the form of a mesh or grid, as can be seen in FIG. 2, or in the form of a perforated flat plate.
  • the filter element has a shape and dimensions substantially identical to a section of the envelope 12, which allows to position it inside the envelope, substantially parallel to the inlet face 18.
  • the filter element 20 is of the same shape and dimensions as the surface of the face 18.
  • the total open area of the filter element 20, which corresponds to the area of passage of a fluid through the filter element is greater than the total opening surface of the elements of the filter element.
  • tubular heat exchange 16 that is to say the sum of the inner sections of the tubes 16.
  • the open surface of the filter element 20 is preferably sufficiently high to limit the pressure losses.
  • the surface SI represents the open surface of a mesh or perforation of the filter element 20 while the surface S2 represents the open surface of a tube 16 of the assembly 14.
  • Each mesh or perforation has preferably an open area SI smaller than the open area S2 of a tube 16.
  • the largest internal dimension of a mesh or perforation of the filter element 20 is preferably smaller than the internal diameter of the tubes, for example by 10% (approximately).
  • the bearing element or elements 30 for supporting the filter element 20 at a distance from the inlet face 18, parallel or substantially parallel thereto, may have various and varied shapes, some of which are described below. with reference to the figures.
  • a plurality of support elements 30 are provided, each support element being in the form of feet 301, one end of which is integral with the filter element 20 and the other end of which is bearing against the inlet face 18.
  • a filter element 20 of this type is shown in FIG. 3.
  • Some of the feet 301 are integral with the periphery of the filter element 20, so that they bear against the face internal 13 of the casing 12 when the filter element 20 is placed inside the casing, as shown in FIG. 1. This arrangement makes it possible to prevent the filter element 20 from tilting, particularly when the latter is in a substantially vertical position.
  • Another foot 301 is disposed substantially in the center of the filter element 20.
  • the number of feet 301 and their shape can be chosen indifferently provided that they support the filter element 20 away from the face 18, substantially parallel to it.
  • one or more feet may be integral with the filter element 20 at a point remote from the peripheral edge 20a, to prevent deformation of the filter element.
  • these feet 301 could be integral with the input face 18. Similarly, they are preferably fixed near or along the inner face 13 of the casing 12 but could also be arranged at a distance of it for a better maintenance of the filter element.
  • a single sleeve-like bearing element 302 extends over the entire periphery of the filter element 20, forming a support element integrated in the filter element 20.
  • this support element 302 could be of smaller dimensions.
  • a bearing element 302 of this type could be integral with the inlet face 18, and not with the filter element 20.
  • the support elements 30 comprise two ribs 303 integral with the inner face 13 of the envelope 12. These ribs 303 extend substantially parallel to the entry face 18, so as to receiving on one of their face the filter element 20. Two or more ribs 303 may be distributed on the inner face 13 of the casing 12. In a variant not shown, a single rib 303 may extend over the entire periphery of the envelope 12.
  • other ribs 304 are provided on the inner face 13 of the casing 12, integral therewith. These ribs 304 are arranged so as to support a face of the filter element 20 opposite the face bearing against the ribs or ribs 303. These ribs 304 may be in the form of tabs, cooperating with corresponding notches 21 of the filter element 20, as shown in Figure 6a (in this figure, the distance between the casing 12 and the periphery of the filter element 20 has been exaggerated for clarity). This makes it possible to translate the filter element 20 into the envelope until it bears against the ribs 303, the filter element 20 being positioned so that the ribs 304 coincide with the ribs 303. notches 21.
  • ribs 304 are not limited by a particular number of ribs 304, only one rib may be provided or more than two if necessary.
  • ribs 305 are integral with the inner face 13 of the envelope 12 but extend substantially perpendicularly to the inlet face 18, so that their end 306 remote from the inlet face 18 receives bearing the filter element 20.
  • the many of these ribs 305 may be variable for example two, preferably three or more.
  • the invention is not limited by the number and shape of the support elements 30. It can also be provided that one or more support elements are movable in rotation or in translation.
  • the support element 301 shown in FIG. 3 can be articulated to the filter element 20 or be secured thereto by temporary fixing means, which can facilitate the handling of the filter element.
  • Ribs secured to the casing may also be connected to the casing so as to be movable between an active position, bearing against the filter element and an inactive position, allowing for example the passage of the filter element. These ribs may for example be connected to the casing by a hinge, a pivot or other, or be mounted movable in translation.
  • the different bearing elements described above and with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7 can be combined and can indifferently receive bearing one of the faces of the filtering element 20.
  • the filter element 20 may also be made of several parts A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to facilitate its extraction from the envelope 12.
  • These different parts AJ can be associated by removable or temporary fixing means, such as for example clipping systems, interlocking systems, screws or the like, or can to be articulated to each other to be folded over each other and facilitate the movement of the filter element.

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (10) comprising a shell (12) containing an assembly of tubular heat exchange elements (16) defining at least two independent fluid circulation circuits, the shell (12) further comprising at least one filtering element (20) associated with a fluid circuit and arranged inside the shell (12) between an inlet opening of the shell and an inlet face (18) of the fluid into a fluid circuit, characterized in that the filtering element (20) is planar and in that the heat exchanger comprises at least one bearing element (30) keeping one face of the filtering element at a predetermined distance away from the said inlet face, substantially parallel thereto, the bearing element bearing against the said face of the filtering element or against the said inlet face, optionally without any means of connection between the bearing element and the filtering element.

Description

ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR EQUIPE D'UN ELEMENT  HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPPED WITH AN ELEMENT
FILTRANT  FILTER
L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, notamment un échangeur de chaleur à tubes. Les échangeurs de la présente invention sont particulièrement adaptés à une utilisation dans des unités industrielles, notamment les raffineries. The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a tube heat exchanger. The exchangers of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in industrial units, including refineries.
Les échangeurs de chaleur tubulaires subissent fréquemment des bouchages résultant de l'entassement d'éléments solides entraînés par les fluides à refroidir. Ces éléments solides peuvent résulter d'une corrosion des matériaux de l'échangeur ou des conduites d'amenée des fluides ou peuvent être du tartre ou des objets oubliés lors de la maintenance. Lorsqu'un bouchage survient dans un échangeur d'une unité industrielle, sa maintenance nécessite souvent l'arrêt complet de l'unité et l'ouverture de l'échangeur pour nettoyage. Lorsque ces échangeurs sont de grandes dimensions, ce nettoyage nécessite l'utilisation d'engins lors de l'ouverture de l'échangeur et est relativement long.  Tubular heat exchangers frequently become clogged as a result of the packing of solid elements entrained by the fluids to be cooled. These solid elements may result from corrosion of the materials of the exchanger or fluid supply lines or may be tartar or objects forgotten during maintenance. When clogging occurs in an exchanger of an industrial unit, its maintenance often requires the complete shutdown of the unit and the opening of the exchanger for cleaning. When these exchangers are large, this cleaning requires the use of gear during the opening of the exchanger and is relatively long.
Afin de retarder l'encrassement et le bouchage des échangeurs, il est connu de disposer un filtre en amont des tubes de l'échangeur. Ce filtre s'étend sur toute la section de l'enveloppe et est généralement fixé à l'enveloppe de l'échangeur par des brides de fixation fixées sur un rebord de l'enveloppe de sorte qu'il est nécessaire d'ouvrir celle-ci pour extraire le filtre et le nettoyer ou le remplacer. Il est en outre nécessaire de fixer le filtre nettoyé ou le nouveau filtre à l'enveloppe avant de la refermer et de remettre en route l'unité, ce qui prend du temps. Ainsi, si les périodes de maintenance peuvent être espacées, il existe un besoin pour réduire davantage la durée de la période de maintenance.  In order to delay the clogging and clogging of the exchangers, it is known to have a filter upstream of the exchanger tubes. This filter extends over the entire section of the casing and is generally attached to the casing of the exchanger by fixing clamps fixed on a rim of the casing so that it is necessary to open the casing. to extract the filter and clean or replace it. It is also necessary to fix the cleaned filter or the new filter to the envelope before closing it and restarting the unit, which takes time. Thus, if the maintenance periods can be spaced apart, there is a need to further reduce the duration of the maintenance period.
A cet effet, l'objet de l'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur comprenant une enveloppe contenant un assemblage d'éléments d'échange de chaleur en forme de tubes définissant au moins deux circuits indépendants de circulation de fluide, l'enveloppe comprenant en outre au moins un élément filtrant associé à un circuit de fluide et disposé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe entre une ouverture d'entrée de l'enveloppe et une face d'entrée du fluide dans un circuit de fluide. Selon l'invention, l'élément filtrant est plan et l'échangeur de chaleur comprend en outre au moins un élément d'appui maintenant une face de l'élément filtrant à une distance prédéterminée de ladite face d'entrée, sensiblement parallèlement ou parallèlement à celle-ci. L'élément d'appui est en appui contre ladite face de l'élément filtrant ou contre ladite face d'entrée, optionnellement sans solidarisation entre l'élément d'appui et ladite face, notamment sans solidarisation de l'élément filtrant à l'enveloppe, à l'assemblage ou à un autre élément de l'échangeur de chaleur. For this purpose, the subject of the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising an envelope containing an assembly of tube-shaped heat exchange elements defining at least two independent fluid circulation circuits, the envelope comprising in in addition to at least one filter element associated with a fluid circuit and disposed inside the casing between an inlet opening of the casing and an inlet face of the fluid in a fluid circuit. According to the invention, the filter element is plane and the heat exchanger further comprises at least one support element now a face of the filter element at a predetermined distance from said inlet face, substantially parallel or parallel thereto. The support element is in abutment against said face of the filtering element or against said inlet face, optionally without securing between the support element and said face, in particular without the filtering element being attached to the envelope, assembly or other element of the heat exchanger.
Ainsi, l'élément filtrant est supporté, autrement dit soutenu, par le ou les moyens d'appui, de préférence sans solidarisation, ce qui permet de le mettre en place et de l'extraire facilement et rapidement. Thus, the filter element is supported, in other words supported, by the support means, preferably without securing, which allows to set it up and extract it easily and quickly.
L'appui entre l'élément filtrant et l'élément d'appui ou entre l'élément d'appui et la face d'entrée résulte ainsi de préférence uniquement de la gravité terrestre. The support between the filter element and the support element or between the support element and the inlet face thus preferably results only from the Earth's gravity.
L'élément filtrant peut néanmoins être solidarisé à l'enveloppe et maintenu en position par un dispositif de fixation, notamment temporaire, par exemple de type baïonnette.  The filter element may nevertheless be secured to the casing and held in position by a fixing device, in particular a temporary device, for example of the bayonet type.
L'invention est particulièrement adaptée aux échangeurs de chaleurs entre fluides liquides.  The invention is particularly suitable for heat exchangers between liquid fluids.
Avantageusement, l'élément filtrant est conformé pour retenir des particules solides présentes dans un fluide, et en particulier pour séparer des particules solides présentes dans un liquide.  Advantageously, the filter element is shaped to retain solid particles present in a fluid, and in particular to separate solid particles present in a liquid.
Par solidarisation, on entend une fixation, définitive ou temporaire, qui n'autorise pas de mouvements, tel qu'une fixation par rivets, par des systèmes vis-écrou ou encore par soudage ou collage. Autrement dit, les éléments d'appui selon l'invention ne sont pas des vis ou rivets et l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention est de préférence dépourvu d'éléments de fixation de l'élément filtrant et.  Solidarization means a fixation, definitive or temporary, which does not allow movement, such as fixing by rivets, screw-nut systems or by welding or gluing. In other words, the support elements according to the invention are not screws or rivets and the heat exchanger according to the invention is preferably devoid of fixing elements of the filter element and.
Avantageusement, ledit au moins un élément d'appui peut être choisi parmi un élément d'appui solidaire de l'enveloppe, un élément d'appui solidaire de la face d'entrée, un élément d'appui solidaire de l'élément filtrant. Dans ce dernier cas, l'élément d'appui est de préférence en appui contre la face d'entrée du fluide dans le circuit. L'échangeur de chaleur peut comprendre un ou plusieurs de chacun de ces éléments d'appui pour soutenir l'élément filtrant.  Advantageously, said at least one support element may be chosen from a support element secured to the casing, a support element secured to the inlet face, a bearing element integral with the filter element. In the latter case, the support element is preferably in abutment against the inlet face of the fluid in the circuit. The heat exchanger may include one or more of each of these support members to support the filter element.
Notamment, des éléments d'appui peuvent être disposés de part et d'autre l'élément filtrant. Avantageusement, au moins un élément d'appui peut être disposé à distance d'un bord périphérique de l'élément filtrant. Ceci peut favoriser le maintien de l'élément filtrant et limiter sa déformation. D'autres éléments d'appui peuvent avantageusement être disposés à proximité du bord périphérique de l'élément filtrant. In particular, support elements may be arranged on either side of the filter element. Advantageously, at least one support element may be disposed at a distance from a peripheral edge of the filter element. This can promote the maintenance of the filter element and limit its deformation. Other support elements may advantageously be arranged near the peripheral edge of the filter element.
Avantageusement, ledit au moins un élément d'appui est en forme de tige ou de nervure. De tels supports présentent l'avantage de limiter les perturbations du fluide en circulation. Ils peuvent avantageusement être disposés de manière sensiblement parallèle à la direction de circulation du fluide, généralement sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face d'entrée du circuit de fluide.  Advantageously, said at least one support element is in the form of a rod or rib. Such supports have the advantage of limiting the disturbances of the circulating fluid. They can advantageously be arranged substantially parallel to the direction of flow of the fluid, generally substantially perpendicular to the input face of the fluid circuit.
Avantageusement, au moins un élément d'appui peut être une nervure solidaire de l'enveloppe et sur laquelle repose l'élément filtrant sur au moins une partie de sa périphérie.  Advantageously, at least one support element may be a rib integral with the casing and on which the filter element rests on at least a part of its periphery.
II est possible de prévoir une ou plusieurs nervures choisies parmi :  It is possible to provide one or more ribs chosen from:
une nervure s 'étendant sensiblement parallèlement ou parallèlement à la face d'entrée du circuit de fluide et recevant l'élément filtrant en appui sur une face parallèle à la face d'entrée,  a rib extending substantially parallel or parallel to the input face of the fluid circuit and receiving the filter element bearing on a face parallel to the input face,
- une nervure s 'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement ou perpendiculairement à la face d'entrée du circuit de fluide, une extrémité de la nervure distante de la face d'entrée reçoit en appui l'élément filtrant.  - A rib extending substantially perpendicularly or perpendicularly to the input face of the fluid circuit, an end of the rib remote from the input face abuts the filter element.
Avantageusement, au moins un élément d'appui peut être un pied support dont une extrémité est solidaire de l'élément filtrant, ou de la face d'entrée, et dont l'autre extrémité est en appui contre la face d'entrée, ou reçoit l'élément filtrant en appui, respectivement.  Advantageously, at least one support member may be a support leg whose one end is integral with the filter element, or the input face, and the other end bears against the inlet face, or receives the filter element in support, respectively.
Notamment, un pied support peut s'étendre sensiblement perpendiculairement ou perpendiculairement à la face d'entrée et peut présenter une extrémité solidaire de l'élément filtrant, ou de la face d'entrée, et une autre extrémité en appui contre la face d'entrée, ou recevant l'élément filtrant en appui, respectivement.  In particular, a support leg may extend substantially perpendicularly or perpendicularly to the inlet face and may have an end integral with the filter element, or the inlet face, and another end bearing against the face of the inlet, or receiving the filter element in support, respectively.
Un unique pied peut se présenter sous la forme d'un manchon. En variante, au moins deux pieds support, de préférence au moins trois, peuvent être prévus, les pieds se présentant sous la forme de tiges, voire de plaques, de préférence en forme de tiges. Avantageusement, le ou les pieds de support peuvent être en appui contre l'enveloppe, notamment contre sa face interne. Ceci peut favoriser le maintien de l'élément filtrant, notamment lorsque celui-ci est dans une position sensiblement verticale, un ou plusieurs pieds de support en appui sur l'enveloppe empêchant le basculement de l'élément filtrant. Le ou les pieds supports peuvent alors avantageusement présenter une forme complémentaire de l'enveloppe, notamment de sa face interne. A single foot can be in the form of a sleeve. Alternatively, at least two support legs, preferably at least three, may be provided, the feet being in the form of rods or plates, preferably in the form of rods. Advantageously, the support or support feet may be in abutment against the envelope, in particular against its internal face. This can promote the maintenance of the filter element, especially when it is in a substantially vertical position, one or more supporting feet resting on the casing preventing the tilting of the filter element. The support feet may then advantageously have a shape complementary to the envelope, in particular of its internal face.
Avantageusement, l'un au moins parmi ledit au moins un élément d'appui et l'élément filtrant peut être mobile entre une position active dans laquelle ledit au moins un élément d'appui est en appui contre l'élément filtrant ou contre la face d'entrée et une position inactive dans laquelle ledit au moins un élément d'appui n'est pas en appui contre l'élément filtrant ou contre la face d'entrée. Le passage d'une position à l'autre peut être obtenu par une rotation, une translation, ou une combinaison de ces mouvements.  Advantageously, at least one of said at least one support element and the filter element can be movable between an active position in which said at least one support element bears against the filter element or against the face input and an inactive position in which said at least one support element is not in abutment against the filter element or against the input face. The transition from one position to another can be obtained by a rotation, a translation, or a combination of these movements.
Un tel agencement peut permettre une coopération par appui de l'élément d'appui et de l'élément filtrant ou l'élément d'appui et de la face d'entrée dans une position particulière de l'élément d'appui ou de l'élément filtrant correspondant à la position active. Ceci peut permettre d'éviter un basculement d'un élément filtrant sensiblement vertical. Cet agencement présente l'avantage d'être simple à mettre en œuvre, peu coûteux et de permettre un couplage rapide de l'élément filtrant à l'enveloppe.  Such an arrangement may allow cooperation by supporting the support element and the filter element or the support element and the input face in a particular position of the support element or the support element. filter element corresponding to the active position. This can prevent a tilting of a substantially vertical filter element. This arrangement has the advantage of being simple to implement, inexpensive and allow rapid coupling of the filter element to the envelope.
Avantageusement, l'élément filtrant de l'échangeur selon l'invention peut en outre être en plusieurs parties associées par des moyens de fixation démontables ou en plusieurs parties articulées. Ceci peut permettre de faciliter le nettoyage de l'élément filtrant et peut permettre d'extraire facilement l'élément filtrant, notamment par une ouverture de l'enveloppe, sans avoir à ouvrir l'enveloppe.  Advantageously, the filter element of the exchanger according to the invention may also be in several parts associated by removable fastening means or in several articulated parts. This can make it easier to clean the filter element and can make it possible to easily extract the filter element, in particular by opening the envelope, without having to open the envelope.
Les éléments d'échange de chaleur de l'échangeur selon l'invention sont des tubes. Avantageusement, la face d'entrée de l'un des circuits de fluide s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement aux axes des tubes. La face d'entrée peut alors être définie comme une surface plane contenant les ouvertures des tubes et dont le contour épouse la forme interne de l'enveloppe. L'élément filtrant est de préférence maintenu à distance de cette face d'entrée, le fluide circulant à l'intérieur des tubes. The heat exchange elements of the exchanger according to the invention are tubes. Advantageously, the inlet face of one of the fluid circuits extends substantially perpendicular to the axes of the tubes. The inlet face can then be defined as a flat surface containing the openings of the tubes and whose contour matches the internal shape of the envelope. The filter element is preferably kept at a distance from this inlet face, the fluid flowing inside the tubes.
Pour un échangeur de chaleur de ce type, l'élément filtrant présente avantageusement une surface ouverte supérieure, notamment d'au moins 50%, à la somme des surfaces passantes des tubes. Par surface ouverte, on entend la surface passante de l'élément filtrant, autrement dit la surface par laquelle un fluide peut s'écouler au travers de l'élément filtrant.  For a heat exchanger of this type, the filter element advantageously has an upper open area, especially at least 50%, to the sum of the passing surfaces of the tubes. By open surface means the passing surface of the filter element, in other words the surface through which a fluid can flow through the filter element.
Avantageusement, l'élément filtrant peut présenter une pluralité de mailles ou de perforations, chaque maille ou perforation présentant une surface ouverte (SI) inférieure à une surface ouverte (S2) d'un élément d'échange de chaleur, la dimension interne la plus grande d'une maille ou perforation étant inférieure à la dimension interne la plus grande d'un élément d'échange de chaleur.  Advantageously, the filtering element may have a plurality of meshes or perforations, each mesh or perforation having an open area (SI) smaller than an open area (S2) of a heat exchange element, the internal dimension the more of a mesh or perforation being smaller than the largest internal dimension of a heat exchange element.
De manière générale, l'élément filtrant, positionné parallèlement à la face d'entrée, à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, peut être de mêmes forme et dimensions qu'une surface ou une section de la face d'entrée. Avantageusement, l'élément filtrant comporte un bord périphérique en contact avec une face interne de l'enveloppe, éventuellement avec un jeu suffisamment faible pour éviter le passage de fluide ou de particules entre la face interne de l'enveloppe et le bord périphérique.  In general, the filtering element, positioned parallel to the inlet face, inside the envelope, may be of the same shape and dimensions as a surface or a section of the inlet face. Advantageously, the filtering element comprises a peripheral edge in contact with an inner face of the envelope, possibly with a sufficiently small clearance to prevent the passage of fluid or particles between the inner face of the envelope and the peripheral edge.
L'invention concerne également une unité industrielle comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention. Cette unité industrielle est avantageusement une unité de raffinerie.  The invention also relates to an industrial unit comprising at least one heat exchanger according to the invention. This industrial unit is advantageously a refinery unit.
L'invention concerne enfin un procédé d'échange de chaleur entre deux fluides, dans lequel on fait circuler les fluides dans un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, l'un des fluides étant choisi parmi l'eau et des hydrocarbures, l'autre fluide étant choisi parmi l'eau, l'air et des hydrocarbures.  The invention finally relates to a heat exchange process between two fluids, in which the fluids are circulated in a heat exchanger according to the invention, one of the fluids being selected from water and hydrocarbons, the another fluid being selected from water, air and hydrocarbons.
L'invention est maintenant décrite en référence aux dessins annexés, non limitatifs, dans lesquels :  The invention is now described with reference to the appended non-limiting drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un échangeur de chaleur selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue partielle de face d'un élément filtrant ; - les figures 3 et 4 sont des représentations en perspective d'éléments filtrants pourvus d'éléments d'appui selon différents modes de réalisation ; - les figures 5, 6a et 7 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur du type de la figure 1 présentant un élément filtrant maintenu par des éléments d'appui selon d'autres modes de réalisation ; - Figure 2 is a partial front view of a filter element; - Figures 3 and 4 are perspective representations of filter elements provided with support elements according to different embodiments; - Figures 5, 6a and 7 are views in longitudinal section of a heat exchanger of the type of Figure 1 having a filter element maintained by bearing elements according to other embodiments;
- la figure 6b est une vue de face de l'élément filtrant et de l'enveloppe représentés figure 6a ;  FIG. 6b is a front view of the filter element and the casing shown in FIG. 6a;
- la figure 8 est une vue de face d'un élément filtrant selon un autre mode de réalisation.  - Figure 8 is a front view of a filter element according to another embodiment.
Des références identiques peuvent être utilisées pour désigner des éléments identiques ou similaires d'une figure à l'autre.  Identical references can be used to designate identical or similar elements from one figure to another.
Par sensiblement horizontal, longitudinal ou vertical, on entend une direction/un plan formant un angle d'au plus ±20°, voire d'au plus 10° ou d'au plus 5° avec une direction/un plan horizontal, longitudinal ou vertical.  By substantially horizontal, longitudinal or vertical means a direction / plane forming an angle of not more than ± 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° with a direction / a horizontal, longitudinal or vertical.
Par sensiblement parallèle, perpendiculaire ou à angle droit, on entend une direction/un angle s'écartant d'au plus ±20°, voire d'au plus 10° ou d'au plus 5° d'une direction parallèle, perpendiculaire ou d'un angle droit.  By substantially parallel, perpendicular or at right angle is meant a direction / an angle deviating by not more than ± 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° from a parallel, perpendicular or from a right angle.
La figure 1 représente un échangeur de chaleur 10 comprenant une enveloppe 12 laquelle contient un assemblage 14 d'éléments d'échange de chaleur 16.  FIG. 1 represents a heat exchanger 10 comprising a casing 12 which contains an assembly 14 of heat exchange elements 16.
Dans l'exemple représenté figure 1 , ces éléments d'échange de chaleur 16 sont des tubes disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres. Ces tubes sont agencés de manière à permettre une circulation d'un premier fluide Fl en leur intérieur et une circulation d'un deuxième fluide F2 entre les tubes. L'assemblage 14 d'éléments d'échange de chaleur 16 définit ainsi un premier circuit de circulation pour un fluide Fl à l'intérieur des éléments d'échange de chaleur 16 et un deuxième circuit de circulation pour le fluide F2. Le fluide Fl entre dans le premier circuit de fluide par une face d'entrée 18. Cette face d'entrée 18 s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement aux axes des tubes 16 et peut être définie comme une surface plane contenant les ouvertures des tubes et dont le contour épouse la forme interne de l'enveloppe.  In the example shown in FIG. 1, these heat exchange elements 16 are tubes arranged parallel to one another. These tubes are arranged to allow a circulation of a first fluid Fl in their interior and a circulation of a second fluid F2 between the tubes. The assembly 14 of heat exchange elements 16 thus defines a first circulation circuit for a fluid F1 inside the heat exchange elements 16 and a second circulation circuit for the fluid F2. Fl fluid enters the first fluid circuit by an inlet face 18. This inlet face 18 extends substantially perpendicular to the axes of the tubes 16 and can be defined as a flat surface containing the openings of the tubes and the outline marries the inner shape of the envelope.
L'échangeur de chaleur 10 comprend en outre un élément filtrant 20 lequel est disposé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 12 entre la face d'entrée 18 et une entrée 22 ménagée dans l'enveloppe 12 pour l'entrée du fluide Fl . Cet élément filtrant 20 comporte un bord périphérique 20a dont le contour épouse la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe. Il peut exister un jeu entre ce bord périphérique 20a et la face interne 13, jeu suffisamment faible pour éviter le passage de particules entre le bord périphérique 20a et la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe. The heat exchanger 10 further comprises a filter element 20 which is disposed inside the casing 12 between the inlet face 18 and an inlet 22 formed in the casing 12 for the fluid inlet Fl. This filter element 20 comprises a peripheral edge 20a whose outline matches the inner face 13 of the envelope. There may be a clearance between this peripheral edge 20a and the inner face 13, clearance sufficiently low to prevent the passage of particles between the peripheral edge 20a and the inner face 13 of the envelope.
On notera que le fluide Fl sortant du premier circuit de fluide ressort de l'enveloppe 12 par une ouverture 24. Le deuxième fluide F2 pénètre dans l'enveloppe 12 par une ouverture 26 et en ressort par une ouverture 28. Les circulations des fluides Fl et F2 sont représentés par des flèches sur la figure 1.  It will be noted that the fluid Fl exiting the first fluid circuit emerges from the casing 12 through an opening 24. The second fluid F2 enters the casing 12 through an opening 26 and exits through an opening 28. The circulations of the fluids Fl and F2 are represented by arrows in FIG.
L'élément filtrant 20 est maintenu à une distance prédéterminée de la face d'entrée 18 du premier circuit de fluide par au moins un élément d'appui 30. Ainsi, lorsque de la manière solide est amenée par le fluide Fl à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 12, elle est retenue par l'élément filtrant 20 et ne pénètre pas à l'intérieur des éléments d'échange de chaleur tubulaires 16 de l'assemblage 14. Ceci permet d'éviter leur bouchage. En outre, même lorsqu'une partie de l'élément filtrant 20 est obstruée par cette matière, le fluide peut continuer à passer au-delà de l'élément filtrant 20 et peut pénétrer dans l'ensemble des éléments d'échange de chaleur 16 de sorte que les échanges de chaleur avec le fluide F2 ne sont pas perturbés. Enfin, en cas de bouchage de l'élément filtrant 20, ce dernier peut être nettoyé ou extrait facilement de l'enveloppe. Notamment, le fait que l'élément filtrant ne soit pas fixé rigidement à l'enveloppe mais soit uniquement en appui via un ou plusieurs éléments d'appui 30 permet de faciliter le montage/ démontage du filtre et de réduire le temps de montage /démontage. La distance entre l'élément filtrant 20 et la face d'entrée 18 pourra être choisie en fonction des dimensions de l'échangeur de chaleur et éventuellement en fonction de la nature des fluides. Pour un élément filtrant d'environ 2 mètres de diamètre, cette distance peut être de l'ordre de 5 à 10 cm. De manière plus générale la distance peut être de l'ordre de 2 à 4 fois le diamètre des tubes 16.  The filter element 20 is maintained at a predetermined distance from the inlet face 18 of the first fluid circuit by at least one support element 30. Thus, when in the solid manner is brought by the fluid Fl inside. of the casing 12, it is retained by the filter element 20 and does not penetrate inside the tubular heat exchange elements 16 of the assembly 14. This prevents their clogging. In addition, even when a portion of the filter element 20 is obstructed by this material, the fluid may continue to pass beyond the filter element 20 and may enter all the heat exchange elements 16 so that the heat exchanges with the fluid F2 are not disturbed. Finally, in case of clogging of the filter element 20, the latter can be cleaned or extracted easily from the envelope. In particular, the fact that the filter element is not fixed rigidly to the casing but only supported by one or more support elements 30 makes it easier to mount / dismount the filter and to reduce the assembly / disassembly time. . The distance between the filter element 20 and the inlet face 18 may be chosen according to the dimensions of the heat exchanger and possibly depending on the nature of the fluids. For a filter element of about 2 meters in diameter, this distance can be of the order of 5 to 10 cm. More generally, the distance can be of the order of 2 to 4 times the diameter of the tubes 16.
De manière générale, quelle que soit la forme des éléments d'échange de chaleur 16, l'élément filtrant 20 est plan et peut se présenter sous la forme d'un maillage ou grille, tel que visible figure 2, ou sous la forme d'une plaque plane perforée.  In general, regardless of the shape of the heat exchange elements 16, the filter element 20 is plane and may be in the form of a mesh or grid, as can be seen in FIG. 2, or in the form of a perforated flat plate.
Dans le présent mode de réalisation, l'élément filtrant présente une forme et des dimensions sensiblement identiques à une section de l'enveloppe 12, ce qui permet de le positionner à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, sensiblement parallèlement à la face d'entrée 18. Autrement dit, l'élément filtrant 20 est de mêmes forme et dimensions que la surface de la face d'entrée 18. Ici, la surface totale ouverte de l'élément filtrant 20, qui correspond à la surface de passage d'un fluide au travers de l'élément filtrant, est supérieure à la surface totale d'ouverture des éléments d'échange de chaleur tubulaire 16, autrement dit à la somme des sections internes des tubes 16. La surface ouverte de l'élément filtrant 20 est de préférence suffisamment élevée pour limiter les pertes de charge. In the present embodiment, the filter element has a shape and dimensions substantially identical to a section of the envelope 12, which allows to position it inside the envelope, substantially parallel to the inlet face 18. In other words, the filter element 20 is of the same shape and dimensions as the surface of the face 18. Here, the total open area of the filter element 20, which corresponds to the area of passage of a fluid through the filter element, is greater than the total opening surface of the elements of the filter element. tubular heat exchange 16, that is to say the sum of the inner sections of the tubes 16. The open surface of the filter element 20 is preferably sufficiently high to limit the pressure losses.
Sur la figure 2, la surface SI représente la surface ouverte d'une maille ou perforation de l'élément filtrant 20 alors que la surface S2 représente la surface ouverte d'un tube 16 de l'assemblage 14. Chaque maille ou perforation présente de préférence une surface ouverte SI inférieure à la surface ouverte S2 d'un tube 16.  In FIG. 2, the surface SI represents the open surface of a mesh or perforation of the filter element 20 while the surface S2 represents the open surface of a tube 16 of the assembly 14. Each mesh or perforation has preferably an open area SI smaller than the open area S2 of a tube 16.
En outre, la dimension interne la plus grande d'une maille ou perforation de l'élément filtrant 20 est de préférence inférieure au diamètre interne des tubes, par exemple de 10% (environ).  In addition, the largest internal dimension of a mesh or perforation of the filter element 20 is preferably smaller than the internal diameter of the tubes, for example by 10% (approximately).
Le ou les éléments d'appui 30 permettant de supporter l'élément filtrant 20 à distance de la face d'entrée 18, parallèlement ou sensiblement parallèlement à celle-ci, peuvent présenter des formes diverses et variées, dont certaines sont décrites ci-après en référence aux figures.  The bearing element or elements 30 for supporting the filter element 20 at a distance from the inlet face 18, parallel or substantially parallel thereto, may have various and varied shapes, some of which are described below. with reference to the figures.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté figure 1 , plusieurs éléments d'appui 30 sont prévus, chaque élément d'appui se présentant sous la forme de pieds 301 dont une extrémité est solidaire de l'élément filtrant 20 et dont l'autre extrémité est en appui contre la face d'entrée 18. Un élément filtrant 20 de ce type est représenté sur la figure 3. Certains des pieds 301 sont solidaires de la périphérie de l'élément filtrant 20, de sorte qu'ils sont en appui contre la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe 12 lorsque l'élément filtrant 20 est placé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, tel que représenté figure 1. Cet agencement permet d'éviter un basculement de l'élément filtrant 20 notamment lorsque celui-ci est dans une position sensiblement verticale. Un autre pied 301 est disposé sensiblement au centre de l'élément filtrant 20. Le nombre de pieds 301 et leur forme peuvent être indifféremment choisis pourvu qu'ils permettent de soutenir l'élément filtrant 20 à distance de la face d'entrée 18, sensiblement parallèlement à celle-ci. En outre, tel que représenté, un ou plusieurs pieds peuvent être solidaires de l'élément filtrant 20 en un point distant du bord périphérique 20a, pour éviter une déformation de l'élément filtrant. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of support elements 30 are provided, each support element being in the form of feet 301, one end of which is integral with the filter element 20 and the other end of which is bearing against the inlet face 18. A filter element 20 of this type is shown in FIG. 3. Some of the feet 301 are integral with the periphery of the filter element 20, so that they bear against the face internal 13 of the casing 12 when the filter element 20 is placed inside the casing, as shown in FIG. 1. This arrangement makes it possible to prevent the filter element 20 from tilting, particularly when the latter is in a substantially vertical position. Another foot 301 is disposed substantially in the center of the filter element 20. The number of feet 301 and their shape can be chosen indifferently provided that they support the filter element 20 away from the face 18, substantially parallel to it. In addition, as shown, one or more feet may be integral with the filter element 20 at a point remote from the peripheral edge 20a, to prevent deformation of the filter element.
Dans une variante non représentée, ces pieds 301 pourraient être solidaires de la face d'entrée 18. De manière similaire, ils sont préférentiellement fixés à proximité ou le long de la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe 12 mais pourraient également être disposés à distance de celle-ci pour un meilleur maintien de l'élément filtrant.  In a variant not shown, these feet 301 could be integral with the input face 18. Similarly, they are preferably fixed near or along the inner face 13 of the casing 12 but could also be arranged at a distance of it for a better maintenance of the filter element.
Dans le mode de réalisation de l'élément filtrant 20 représenté sur la figure 4, un unique élément d'appui 302 en forme de manchon s'étend sur toute la périphérie de l'élément filtrant 20, formant un élément d'appui intégré à l'élément filtrant 20. Dans un mode de réalisation non représenté, cet élément d'appui 302 pourrait être de dimensions inférieures. En variante, un élément d'appui 302 de ce type pourrait être solidaire de la face d'entrée 18, et non de l'élément filtrant 20.  In the embodiment of the filter element 20 shown in FIG. 4, a single sleeve-like bearing element 302 extends over the entire periphery of the filter element 20, forming a support element integrated in the filter element 20. In an embodiment not shown, this support element 302 could be of smaller dimensions. As a variant, a bearing element 302 of this type could be integral with the inlet face 18, and not with the filter element 20.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté figure 5, les éléments d'appui 30 comprennent deux nervures 303 solidaires de la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe 12. Ces nervures 303 s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement à la face d'entrée 18, de manière à recevoir en appui sur une de leur face l'élément filtrant 20. Deux ou plusieurs nervures 303 peuvent être réparties sur la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe 12. Dans une variante non représentée, une seule nervure 303 peut s'étendre sur toute la périphérie de l'enveloppe 12.  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the support elements 30 comprise two ribs 303 integral with the inner face 13 of the envelope 12. These ribs 303 extend substantially parallel to the entry face 18, so as to receiving on one of their face the filter element 20. Two or more ribs 303 may be distributed on the inner face 13 of the casing 12. In a variant not shown, a single rib 303 may extend over the entire periphery of the envelope 12.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 6a et 6b, d'autres nervures 304 sont prévues sur la face interne 13 de l'enveloppe 12, solidaires de celle-ci. Ces nervures 304 sont agencées de manière à recevoir en appui une face de l'élément filtrant 20 opposée à la face en appui contre la ou les nervures 303. Ces nervures 304 peuvent se présenter sous la forme de pattes, coopérant avec des échancrures correspondantes 21 de l'élément filtrant 20, tel que représenté sur la figure 6a (sur cette figure, la distance entre l'enveloppe 12 et la périphérie de l'élément filtrant 20 a été exagérée pour plus de clarté). Ceci permet de translater l'élément filtrant 20 dans l'enveloppe jusqu'à ce qu'il soit en appui contre les nervures 303, l'élément filtrant 20 étant positionné de sorte que les nervures 304 coïncident avec les échancrures 21. Comme pour une fixation de type baïonnette, il suffit ensuite de pivoter l'élément filtrant 20 suivant la flèche représentée figure 6b pour obtenir un décalage angulaire entre les nervures 304 et les échancrures 21 assurant ainsi un maintien de l'élément filtrant 20, même si ce dernier est dans une position verticale, par appui de ses faces opposées contre les nervures 303 et 304. In the embodiment shown in Figures 6a and 6b, other ribs 304 are provided on the inner face 13 of the casing 12, integral therewith. These ribs 304 are arranged so as to support a face of the filter element 20 opposite the face bearing against the ribs or ribs 303. These ribs 304 may be in the form of tabs, cooperating with corresponding notches 21 of the filter element 20, as shown in Figure 6a (in this figure, the distance between the casing 12 and the periphery of the filter element 20 has been exaggerated for clarity). This makes it possible to translate the filter element 20 into the envelope until it bears against the ribs 303, the filter element 20 being positioned so that the ribs 304 coincide with the ribs 303. notches 21. As for a bayonet type fixing, it is then sufficient to pivot the filter element 20 along the arrow shown in FIG 6b to obtain an angular offset between the ribs 304 and the notches 21 thus ensuring a maintenance of the filter element 20 , even if the latter is in a vertical position, by pressing its opposite faces against the ribs 303 and 304.
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée par un nombre particulier de nervures 304, une seule nervure pouvant être prévue ou davantage que deux si nécessaire.  Of course the invention is not limited by a particular number of ribs 304, only one rib may be provided or more than two if necessary.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté figure 7, des nervures In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, ribs
305 sont solidaires de la face interne 13 l'enveloppe 12 mais s'étendent sensiblement perpendiculairement à la face d'entrée 18, de sorte que leur extrémité 306 distante de la face d'entrée 18 reçoive en appui l'élément filtrant 20. Le nombre de ces nervures 305 peut être variable par exemple deux, de préférence trois, voire plus. 305 are integral with the inner face 13 of the envelope 12 but extend substantially perpendicularly to the inlet face 18, so that their end 306 remote from the inlet face 18 receives bearing the filter element 20. The many of these ribs 305 may be variable for example two, preferably three or more.
L'invention n'est pas limitée par le nombre et la forme des éléments d'appui 30. On peut également prévoir qu'un ou plusieurs éléments d'appui soient mobiles en rotation ou en translation. Par exemple l'élément d'appui 301 représenté figure 3 peut être articulé à l'élément filtrant 20 ou être solidarisé à ce dernier par des moyens de fixation temporaires, ce qui peut faciliter la manipulation de l'élément filtrant. Des nervures solidaires de l'enveloppe peuvent également être reliées à l'enveloppe de manière à être mobiles entre une position active, en appui contre l'élément filtrant et une position inactive, permettant par exemple le passage de l'élément filtrant. Ces nervures peuvent par exemple être reliées à l'enveloppe par une charnière, un pivot ou autre, ou encore être montées déplaçables en translation.  The invention is not limited by the number and shape of the support elements 30. It can also be provided that one or more support elements are movable in rotation or in translation. For example, the support element 301 shown in FIG. 3 can be articulated to the filter element 20 or be secured thereto by temporary fixing means, which can facilitate the handling of the filter element. Ribs secured to the casing may also be connected to the casing so as to be movable between an active position, bearing against the filter element and an inactive position, allowing for example the passage of the filter element. These ribs may for example be connected to the casing by a hinge, a pivot or other, or be mounted movable in translation.
Les différents éléments d'appui décrits ci-dessus et en référence aux figures 3 à 7 peuvent être combinés et peuvent indifféremment recevoir en appui l'une des faces de l'élément filtrant 20. En particulier, on pourra prévoir des éléments d'appui qui reçoivent en appui des faces opposées de l'élément filtrant 20 améliorant ainsi son maintien, notamment dans une position sensiblement verticale. On peut également prévoir une fixation temporaire du ou des éléments d'appui à l'enveloppe ou à la face d'entrée afin d'éviter tout mouvement de l'élément fixant pendant la circulation du fluide. Quelques soient la forme et le nombre des éléments d'appui, l'élément filtrant 20 peut en outre être réalisé en plusieurs parties A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, tel que représenté figure 8. Ceci permet de faciliter son extraction de l'enveloppe 12. Ces différentes parties A-J peuvent être associées par des moyens de fixation démontables ou temporaires, tel que par exemple des systèmes de clipage, des systèmes d'emboîtement, des vis ou autre, ou peuvent être articulées les unes aux autres pour pouvoir être repliées les unes sur les autres et faciliter le déplacement de l'élément filtrant. The different bearing elements described above and with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7 can be combined and can indifferently receive bearing one of the faces of the filtering element 20. In particular, it will be possible to provide support elements which receive support opposite faces of the filter element 20 thus improving its retention, especially in a substantially vertical position. It is also possible to temporarily fix the supporting element or elements to the envelope or to the inlet face in order to prevent any movement of the fixing element during the circulation of the fluid. Whatever the shape and number of the support elements, the filter element 20 may also be made of several parts A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to facilitate its extraction from the envelope 12. These different parts AJ can be associated by removable or temporary fixing means, such as for example clipping systems, interlocking systems, screws or the like, or can to be articulated to each other to be folded over each other and facilitate the movement of the filter element.
Ceci permet d'extraire l'élément filtrant 20 par une ouverture relativement étroite, telle que l'ouverture 22 de l'enveloppe 12. Des lors, il n'est plus nécessaire de procéder à une ouverture complète de l'enveloppe 12 pour en extraire l'élément filtrant 20 et le nettoyer, permettant ainsi de réduire la durée de la maintenance et le temps d'arrêt de l'unité industrielle équipée de l'échangeur de chaleur 10.  This makes it possible to extract the filtering element 20 by a relatively narrow opening, such as the opening 22 of the envelope 12. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to completely open the envelope 12 in order to extracting the filter element 20 and cleaning it, thereby reducing the maintenance time and the downtime of the industrial unit equipped with the heat exchanger 10.
Un tel agencement permet également de ne changer qu'une partie abimée de l'élément filtrant. Le nettoyage peut enfin être réalisé de manière plus efficace sur des parties de dimensions plus petites que l'élément filtrant.  Such an arrangement also makes it possible to change only an abated portion of the filter element. Lastly, the cleaning can be performed more efficiently on parts of smaller dimensions than the filter element.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Echangeur de chaleur (10) comprenant une enveloppe (12) contenant un assemblage d'éléments d'échange de chaleur (16) en forme de tubes définissant au moins deux circuits indépendants de circulation de fluide, l'enveloppe (12) comprenant en outre au moins un élément filtrant (20) associé à un circuit de fluide et disposé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (12) entre une ouverture d'entrée de l'enveloppe et une face d'entrée (18) du fluide dans un circuit de fluide, caractérisé en ce que l'élément filtrant (20) est plan et en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur comprend au moins un élément d'appui (30, 301 , 302, 303, 304, 305) maintenant une face de l'élément filtrant à une distance prédéterminée de ladite face d'entrée, sensiblement parallèlement à celle-ci, l'élément d'appui étant en appui contre ladite face de l'élément filtrant ou contre ladite face d'entrée, optionnellement sans solidarisation entre l'élément d'appui et ladite face. A heat exchanger (10) comprising a casing (12) containing a tube-shaped heat exchange element assembly (16) defining at least two independent fluid circulation circuits, the casing (12) comprising in addition at least one filter element (20) associated with a fluid circuit and disposed inside the casing (12) between an inlet opening of the casing and an inlet face (18) of the fluid in a fluid circuit, characterized in that the filter element (20) is flat and in that the heat exchanger comprises at least one support element (30, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305) now a face of the filter element at a predetermined distance from said inlet face, substantially parallel thereto, the support element bearing against said face of the filter element or against said inlet face, optionally without securing between the support member and said face.
2. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément d'appui (30, 301 , 302, 303, 304, 305) est choisi parmi un élément d'appui solidaire de l'enveloppe, un élément d'appui solidaire de la face d'entrée, un élément d'appui solidaire de l'élément filtrant.  2. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one support element (30, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305) is selected from a support element integral with the envelope, a support element secured to the inlet face, a support element integral with the filter element.
3. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un élément d'appui disposé à distance d'un bord périphérique (20a) de l'élément filtrant (20).  3. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one support element disposed at a distance from a peripheral edge (20a) of the filter element ( 20).
4. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément d'appui est en forme de tige ou de nervure.  4. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said at least one support element is in the form of rod or rib.
5. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément d'appui Heat exchanger (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one support element
(303, 304, 305) est une nervure solidaire de l'enveloppe et sur laquelle repose l'élément filtrant sur au moins une partie de sa périphérie. (303, 304, 305) is a rib integral with the casing and on which the filter element rests on at least part of its periphery.
6. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une nervure (303, 304, 305) est choisie parmi : une nervure s 'étendant sensiblement parallèlement à la face d'entrée du circuit de fluide et recevant l'élément filtrant en appui sur une face parallèle à la face d'entrée, 6. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that said at least one rib (303, 304, 305) is selected from: a rib extending substantially parallel to the input face of the fluid circuit and receiving the filter element bearing on a face parallel to the input face,
une nervure s 'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à la face d'entrée du circuit de fluide, dont une extrémité distante de la face d'entrée reçoit en appui l'élément filtrant.  a rib extending substantially perpendicular to the input face of the fluid circuit, an end remote from the input face abuts the filter element.
7. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément d'appui (301 , 302) est un pied support dont une extrémité est solidaire de l'élément filtrant, ou de la face d'entrée, et dont l'autre extrémité est en appui contre la face d'entrée, ou reçoit l'élément filtrant en appui, respectivement.  7. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one support element (301, 302) is a support leg whose one end is integral with the filter element , or the input face, and the other end bears against the input face, or receives the filter element in support, respectively.
8. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un pied support est en appui contre l'enveloppe.  8. heat exchanger (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that said at least one support leg bears against the casing.
9. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'un au moins parmi ledit au moins un élément d'appui et l'élément filtrant est mobile entre une position active dans laquelle ledit au moins un élément d'appui est en appui contre l'élément filtrant ou contre la face d'entrée et une position inactive dans laquelle ledit au moins un élément d'appui n'est pas en appui contre l'élément filtrant ou contre la face d'entrée.  9. Heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one of said at least one support element and the filter element is movable between an active position in which said at least one support element bears against the filter element or against the inlet face and an inactive position in which said at least one support element does not bear against the filter element or against the entrance face.
10. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément filtrant (20) est en plusieurs parties (A-J) associées par des moyens de fixation démontables ou en plusieurs parties (A-J) articulées.  10. Heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the filter element (20) is in several parts (AJ) associated by removable fastening means or in parts (AJ ) articulated.
1 1. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la face d'entrée (18) s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement aux axes des tubes et en ce que l'élément filtrant (20) présente une surface ouverte supérieure à la somme des surfaces passantes des tubes.  1 1. Heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the inlet face (18) extends substantially perpendicular to the axes of the tubes and in that the filter element ( 20) has an open area greater than the sum of the passing surfaces of the tubes.
12. Echangeur de chaleur (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 1 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'élément filtrant (20) présente une pluralité de mailles ou de perforations, chaque maille ou perforation présentant une surface ouverte (SI) inférieure à une surface ouverte (S2) d'un élément d'échange de chaleur (16), la dimension interne la plus grande d'une maille ou perforation étant inférieure à la dimension interne la plus grande d'un élément d'échange de chaleur (16). 12. heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the filter element (20) has a plurality of meshes or perforations, each mesh or perforation having an open surface (SI ) less than an open area (S2) of a heat exchange element (16), the largest internal dimension of a mesh or perforation being smaller than the largest internal dimension of a heat exchange element (16).
13. Unité industrielle comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12.  13. Industrial unit comprising at least one heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. Procédé d'échange de chaleur entre deux fluides, dans lequel on fait circuler les fluides dans un échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, l'un des fluides étant choisi parmi l'eau et des hydrocarbures, l'autre fluide étant choisi parmi l'eau, l'air et des hydrocarbures.  14. A method for exchanging heat between two fluids, wherein the fluids are circulated in a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 12, one of the fluids being selected from water and hydrocarbons, the other fluid being selected from water, air and hydrocarbons.
EP17725941.3A 2016-05-23 2017-05-23 Heat exchanger equipped with a filtering element Active EP3465065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1654589A FR3051550B1 (en) 2016-05-23 2016-05-23 HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPPED WITH A FILTER ELEMENT
PCT/EP2017/062366 WO2017202821A1 (en) 2016-05-23 2017-05-23 Heat exchanger equipped with a filtering element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3465065A1 true EP3465065A1 (en) 2019-04-10
EP3465065B1 EP3465065B1 (en) 2020-11-11

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EP (1) EP3465065B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3051550B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017202821A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110567295B (en) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-26 山东舜业压力容器有限公司 Heating net heater

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5981988U (en) * 1982-11-20 1984-06-02 三菱電機株式会社 Shell and tube heat exchanger
US20080271874A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 John Gietzen Thermal energy exchanger
FR2938051B1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2013-04-26 Valeo Systemes Thermiques THERMAL EXCHANGE UNIT FOR USE, FOR EXAMPLE, IN AN EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION CIRCUIT
ES2421185B1 (en) * 2012-02-22 2014-08-11 Valeo Térmico, S. A. HEAT EXCHANGER FOR GASES, ESPECIALLY OF EXHAUST GASES OF AN ENGINE

Also Published As

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WO2017202821A1 (en) 2017-11-30
EP3465065B1 (en) 2020-11-11
FR3051550B1 (en) 2019-05-03
FR3051550A1 (en) 2017-11-24

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