EP3464751B1 - Éléments en forme de panneau pour former des revêtements - Google Patents

Éléments en forme de panneau pour former des revêtements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3464751B1
EP3464751B1 EP17724490.2A EP17724490A EP3464751B1 EP 3464751 B1 EP3464751 B1 EP 3464751B1 EP 17724490 A EP17724490 A EP 17724490A EP 3464751 B1 EP3464751 B1 EP 3464751B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
floor
shaped element
elements
shaped
Prior art date
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EP17724490.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3464751A1 (fr
Inventor
Bozidar Vujicic
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Ibotac & Co KG GmbH
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Ibotac & Co KG GmbH
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Priority to HRP20230486TT priority Critical patent/HRP20230486T1/hr
Priority to RS20230381A priority patent/RS64209B1/sr
Publication of EP3464751A1 publication Critical patent/EP3464751A1/fr
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Publication of EP3464751B1 publication Critical patent/EP3464751B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E04F15/02016—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips with sealing elements between flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/07—Joining sheets or plates or panels with connections using a special adhesive material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/09—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts
    • E04F2201/095—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts with both connection parts, i.e. male and female connection parts alternating on one edge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to panel-shaped elements, in particular floor elements for forming a large-area floor, which are equipped with connection means on at least one outer edge for connection to other, in particular similar elements, as described in the claims.
  • Such elements are typically used to produce floor coverings or for ceiling and wall coverings.
  • Plate-shaped elements for forming floors are often provided in their edge areas with mechanical connecting means, for example teeth, which produce a mechanical connection between adjacent floor covering sections, for example two plates, by the precisely fitting meshing of rows of teeth on the edges.
  • mechanical connecting means for example teeth
  • teeth which produce a mechanical connection between adjacent floor covering sections, for example two plates, by the precisely fitting meshing of rows of teeth on the edges.
  • interlocking connections interlocking visible after laying the floor
  • hidden interlocking interlocking not visible after laying because it is covered by a layer of the covering/board that protrudes
  • GTI system from Gerflor (Lyon, France)
  • Colorex Plus System from Forbo Giubiasco SA (Giubiasco, Switzerland).
  • the protruding line portion is then removed (also called pushing off or called staking), whereby the removal usually takes place in two steps, the first while the cord is still warm and the protruding part is roughly removed and a second after it has cooled, the protruding part is removed flush with the floor covering.
  • This division is necessary because the cord contracts when it cools and therefore cannot be removed properly when warm without running the risk of the joint lying deeper than the surrounding areas of the floor covering after it has cooled.
  • the joint can also be cold welded using a cold welding agent.
  • a cold welding agent e.g. polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder or granules in a solvent with, if necessary, additives and fillers
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the individual elements of the floor covering can also be glued together at their connection points.
  • the contact surfaces between adjacent panels or webs are coated with an adhesive and then pressed together. This keeps the seam as narrow as possible, since no additional joint is introduced. However, excess adhesive often escapes from the joint seam onto the floor covering and then has to be removed.
  • Examples are floor elements with toothed connection means, which are formed from extensions and recesses in WO 99/34075 A1 , U.S. 2012/124925A1 and U.S. 2011/011020 A1 described. Plates with bulges and indentations on the outer edges are in DE 102012104443A1 and U.S. 2012/124925 A1 described in the U.S. 2012/12495 A1 also a displacement channel on part of the connecting means.
  • U.S. 2011/265946 A1 describes a method of forming flooring panels joined by interlocking L-shaped sections.
  • Both thermal welding and cold welding and gluing therefore mean that numerous additional works (welding) and/or finishing work have to be carried out in addition to the actual laying of a floor covering, for example to remove excess connecting material and create a uniform appearance of the floor, what is of course associated with higher costs and a higher expenditure of time.
  • the present invention relates to the embodiments described in the claims.
  • the present invention provides a panel-shaped element according to claim 1, as well as composites, floors, walls, ceilings and objects and a kit according to claims 10, 11 and 12, which contain the panel-shaped elements according to the invention or larger units constructed from them.
  • floor element floor plate and plate are used interchangeably in the following for a flat, preferably rectangular device that can be used to produce floors.
  • These designations refer to the preferred embodiments of the devices according to the invention from the total amount of means that can be joined together, but their use for the production of floors is only intended to serve as an example for these preferred devices and identical or similar elements or means that can be joined together can also be used for laying on other surfaces are suitable as floors, for example on walls or ceilings, or as already mentioned above on furniture. It is therefore understood that the designation floor element and corresponding description of its features is largely not limited to elements for the production of floors but can and should also correspondingly identify the features of other elements according to the invention, such as wall and ceiling coverings, or elements represent the components of furniture.
  • the marking "same or similar" refers in particular the characteristics of the connection between the assembly means according to the invention, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the sealing lip and displacement channels according to the invention have proven to be particularly suitable for this purpose, which individually or preferably in combination are suitable for either preventing the excess adhesive from escaping from the connection area between the plates (sealing lip groove) and/or avoiding places (displacement channel) to offer, to which the adhesive can be displaced by the pressure of the juxtaposed plates. This prevents or at least reduces the hydropneumatic effect that often occurs when laying floor coverings, which drives the laid tiles upwards at certain points and thus makes the laid floor uneven and possibly also leaky to liquids.
  • the floor element according to the invention is particularly suitable or provided for forming large floors.
  • the floor element according to the invention is designed in such a way that it has a further displacement channel which, in the case of the positive connection of the two floor elements, is suitable for receiving any excess joint material that is present in the groove before the connection and is displaced by the insertion of the sealing lip.
  • the floor elements according to the invention are intended to be connected to other floor elements that are of the same type, for example in order to produce larger connected areas comprising several floor elements.
  • Such coherent areas of the floor elements according to the invention fall under the general category of composites according to the invention, which will be presented in more detail later, with a composite being able to represent a floor covering, for example.
  • the connection between two elements is produced at their outer edges by means of connecting means, which are specified in more detail below. Therefore, the floor element according to the invention is designed in such a way that it has at least one outer edge with at least one connecting means and has at least one (further) outer edge with a connecting means, preferably wherein the floor element is shaped as a floor panel that can be laid and has at least four outer edges.
  • the floor elements according to the invention particularly preferably have connecting means on all of their outer edges, as a result of which further floor elements can be connected on all sides.
  • floor panels are also provided that do not have any connecting means on one, two or more outer edges.
  • floor panels according to the invention are also provided, which have connecting means on two or three outer edges.
  • Floor panels according to the invention, which have connecting means on two adjacent outer edges can preferably be used at the corners, while those with three adjacent outer edges with connecting means can be used at the edges of composites containing floor elements according to the invention.
  • the connecting means can also be removed after the production of a composite from the floor panels according to the invention, for example a floor covering, in the outwardly pointing edge regions of the composite.
  • the connecting means used on the floor panels according to the invention can be of many kinds. Suitable connecting means include, for example, mechanical, chemical and physical means. Among mechanical connecting means, which is designed on at least one outer edge of the floor elements according to the invention or can be attached, in particular configurations of the outer edge are understood which are suitable for entering into a form-fitting connection with corresponding, supplementary configurations on an outer edge of another base plate. Gear systems are preferably used as such connecting means. According to the present invention, gearing systems are generally understood to mean areas of protuberances and indentations, i.e.
  • protruding areas and retracted areas (indentations), with the protuberances and indentations each being designed in such a way that the protrusions penetrate the indentations in a form-fitting manner as far as possible can fill them out.
  • the bulges and indentations are preferably arranged alternately along the outer edge.
  • the bulges are preferably designed in such a way that at the end of their stick-shaped protruding area, areas with a greater lateral extension, that is to say areas extending essentially parallel to the outer edge, adjoin.
  • Such a design preferably prevents the protrusions from entering or being taken out of the recesses when both are in the same plane.
  • Such preferred connections according to the present invention are also generally known as puzzle, buttonhole or dovetail connections.
  • the floor element according to the invention is provided in such a way that teeth are provided as connecting means on at least one edge or an outer edge for a form-fitting connection with a further, similar floor element.
  • the floor elements according to the invention are designed in such a way that the teeth are formed from extensions and recesses, the extensions being intended for form-fitting engagement in the recesses.
  • the opposing connecting means of two panels are locked horizontally by their connection through the use of the serrations, ie the panels located in approximately the same plane after the connection cannot be separated simply by pushing them apart in this plane become. Rather, the connecting means, or panels connected thereby, must be separated by removing them from the common plane, ie generally for example be separated from each other by lifting. It also follows from this that the panels are not, or not sufficiently, vertically locked by these connecting means. This lack of vertical locking can be a disadvantage, particularly in the case of loose laying, since, for example, excess adhesive displaced under the panels, which is used to connect the panels to one another in the seam areas between two panels, could lift them and thus also separate the panels from one another.
  • This disadvantage can be partly overcome by a type of plate, which will be introduced in more detail later, which has at least one displacement channel but which lacks other elements according to the invention, such as the sealing lip and the groove.
  • the displacement channel can take up the excess adhesive so that it does not get under the panels and press them out of the common plane and thus, if necessary, separate them.
  • the plates according to the invention are designed with a sealing lip and groove.
  • the groove and the sealing lip preferably run essentially parallel to the respective outer edge to which they are attached.
  • Two sealing lips and two grooves are preferably arranged in succession along the outer edges.
  • the present invention also preferably provides a floor element as set out above and below, wherein the sealing lip preferably locks vertically after being inserted into the groove. If more than one sealing lip, more than one groove or combinations of both, i.e.
  • both sealing lips and grooves are arranged along an outer edge of a floor element, their arrangement is selected in such a way that when two panels are brought together or connected laterally, these features are on one panel each on their Meet counter-intervention devices on the other plate, i.e. sealing lip on groove and vice versa.
  • the sealing lip should prevent the vertical movement of the adhesive away from the floor in the direction of the element surface as far as possible.
  • the sealing lip is therefore preferably a barrier that runs essentially parallel to the element surface.
  • the sealing lip can fulfill this function even better if it is not parallel to it over its entire width the same distance from the surface and the underside of the plate, but at an angle directed towards the underside of the plate.
  • the sealing lip works like a scraper, which collects the excess adhesive underneath and pushes it towards the underside of the panel.
  • the floor element according to the invention is therefore preferably provided in such a way that the sealing lip runs at an angle from the horizontal plane of the floor element in the direction of the underside of the floor element.
  • the term horizontal plane of the floor element denotes that plane of the floor element that runs parallel to its top and/or bottom and can preferably be equated with the plane of the element surface and/or with the plane of the element underside.
  • the angle at which the sealing lip runs preferably ranges from greater than 90° to less than 180°, more preferably from greater than about 100° to less than about 170°, even more preferably from greater than about 110° to less than about 150 °, particularly preferably at about 120° to about 135° from the horizontal plane of the floor element in the direction of the underside of the floor element.
  • the teeth which the floor element according to the invention has, can be openly visible after the floor elements have been joined together in the connection area between them, ie they are open, or they can be invisible, ie they are hidden.
  • a mixed appearance of visible and hidden gears can also be selected.
  • the floor element according to the invention is provided in such a way that the teeth, in particular the extensions and recesses on at least one outer edge of the floor element protrude openly from this and/or are covered. Should they Gearings are covered at least on one outer edge, the elements according to the invention are designed in such a way that the element surface lies over the gearing and covers it, at least on this outside.
  • the same embodiment is selected on the corresponding side of another floor element. This ensures that after the two floor elements are connected to each other, the element surfaces abut and thus cover the underlying, interconnected toothing of both elements.
  • the floor element according to the invention is preferably designed and provided as described herein such that the sealing lip is attached above the extensions and recesses on an open outer edge of the floor element according to the invention.
  • the floor element according to the invention is preferably designed in such a way that the groove is attached above the extensions and recesses on a covered outer edge.
  • the floor element according to the invention is designed symmetrically, so that the connecting means of one element can engage on each outer edge on which they are formed in the mating connection parts of another floor element, which is also designed as a symmetrically constructed profile element and can establish a connection with them.
  • the axis of symmetry can run through the center of the plate, parallel to two outer edges, or diagonally across the base plate.
  • the axis of symmetry preferably runs across a diagonal of the floor element. If all or individual toothing elements, i.e.
  • the serrations along the otherwise symmetrical outer edges may be in opposite directions, such that the symmetry with respect to the serrations is the repetition of a same serration sequence pattern along two adjacent outer edges.
  • the serration pattern is repeated sequentially along all of the outer edges, for a square panel/element along all four of the outer edges.
  • the symmetrical design allows a laying where the extensions and recesses are always covered in a laid composite, floor, wall or ceiling as well as an alternating laying and thus a special variance of the laying options.
  • the use of symmetrical and asymmetrical teeth makes this possible
  • the toothings are formed from extensions and recesses, the extensions being intended and designed for positive engagement in the recesses.
  • the form-fitting engagement advantageously achieves, among other things, greater mechanical stability and integrity of the surface formed by a plurality of floor elements connected to one another.
  • a matching negative shape (groove) and displacement channels also contributes to the tightness of the surface formed in this way, i.e. it is more difficult for liquids to pass through the surface formed by the connected floor panels.
  • the form-fitting engagement in the recesses can be carried out by one extension or by a combination of several extensions.
  • a connection between two panels only one extension of the adjacent panel engages in most recesses.
  • Such a condition is preferably seen in the joint areas where only two panels are immediately adjacent to each other (see e.g 9 in all connection areas except for the connection cross in the middle between the four panels).
  • More than one extension ie preferably two extensions, engages in a recess as a rule in areas in which more than two, preferably three, plates directly adjoin one another.
  • the extensions which jointly engage in a recess in a form-fitting manner, preferably belong to two different plates and the recess preferably belongs to a third plate.
  • the projections, which are intended to engage together in a recess, are preferably located in corner regions of the panels.
  • Such extensions are preferably partial extensions, ie extensions which have a reduced area compared to the other extensions on the plate.
  • the area of a partial process corresponds to half the area of a normal process.
  • a normal extension is understood to be an extension which corresponds to the plurality of extensions present on the plate and their average dimensions.
  • the four corner areas interacting are therefore complementary, e2 and e4 can together accommodate the symmetrical partial extension from e1 in their combined partial recesses (22') and e3 with the asymmetrical partial extensions 21 from the plates e2 and e4 can then close the remaining space.
  • the corner area e1 is defined as that which can be seen through the symmetrical partial extension (or symmetrical partial extension; 20′) of the toothing, which only partially, preferably half, fills a recess in the toothing.
  • the floor element corner e2 is defined as that which has a recess of the toothing which can receive only a part of a usual extension (preferably half of it) or the extension (20') from corner e1 in its entirety.
  • the ekce e2 also has an asymmetrical partial extension (21).
  • Floor element corner e3 is defined by two symmetrically arranged partial recesses (shown by way of example with 22'), which in terms of dimensions can each accommodate an asymmetrical partial extension (21) from corner area e4 or e2.
  • symmetry preferably means that one side can be mirrored onto the adjacent side and vice versa (in the case of an elongated rectangle, the short side onto the adjacent long side).
  • Floor element corner e4 is defined as being at least approximately symmetrical to e2 and also has a partial recess in the teeth (22') and an asymmetrical partial extension (21).
  • An example of the design of the corner areas e1-e4 of the floor elements according to the invention can be seen from the illustrations, e.g figure 7 can be extracted and generalized according to the teachings of the present invention.
  • the element or floor element (100, 200) is preferably characterized in that the floor element (100, 200) can be plugged together with one or more such floor elements (100, 200) to form a composite, with two or more floor elements optionally being connected via are connected to one another over the entire length or only over a partial section of one or more of their outer edges (12).
  • these elements can also be used as floor panels, ceiling panels, wall coverings or parts of furniture with the properties and advantages described herein for the elements according to the invention.
  • the plate shape according to the invention is preferably rectangular, more preferably square (see e.g 1 and figure 5 ) or an elongated rectangle (see e.g 4 ).
  • the panels do not have to be connected to just one other panel along their entire length, but can be connected to other panels via partial areas both on the long sides and on their short sides.
  • a connection between two panels is always possible after the panel sides have been shifted against each other at intervals by one recess.
  • two panels can also only be connected to one another via very short connecting areas, for example comprising only a recess on one side and only one extension of the toothing on the other side, and the space left free on the side of the panel with one or more other panels filled in by connecting these plate(s) to the other plate(s) via their recesses and extensions.
  • a composite is understood to mean an arrangement comprising at least two plates, the plates being connected to one another via at least one recess and one extension.
  • One of the advantages of such a design is easier laying of panels in a staggered pattern, e.g., a pattern in which the sides of two adjacent panels do not abut along their entire length, but only, for example, over a portion of the length of one or both Plates.
  • the design of alternating projections and recesses and the design of the tile corners with four different structures (e1-e4) allow a joint offset between the tiles that is normally only possible with stone tiles.
  • the joints between the panels are optically formed by the line that is formed at the boundary between adjacent panels and interconnected by the interlocking.
  • Such a design with offset joints is not possible when using commercially available panels, since the connections between the panels have to be sealed and the seams of the seals in a design such as is possible with the panels according to the invention would be far too complex and probably not permanent.
  • the possibility of flexibly combining the panels along their sides can also be used to create combinations or floor coverings consisting of different panels, for example elongated floor elements (100) with corner type e1-e4 and square (200) floor elements with the same corner type .
  • These panels can also be provided with different patterns and/or colors on their top (wearing layer) independently of the backing layer, which option in 13 indicated by different filling patterns.
  • mosaics can also be produced with the floor tiles according to the invention, with tiles of different shapes and sizes being combined with one another.
  • the plates do not have to have the number of projections and recesses shown in the illustrations, for example.
  • the step width between two tooth extensions/protrusions on one side of the element is preferably chosen differently for the elements/floor panels according to the invention with corner type e1-e4 than on the sides perpendicular thereto . The same also applies to the greatest width of the tooth processes.
  • the step size on two parallel sides is preferably about 0.5% to about 2% larger than on the perpendicular sides of the floor panels, more preferably about 0.6% to about 1.5% larger, even more preferably about 0.7% to about 1.2% greater, more preferably about 0.8% to about 1% greater.
  • the greatest width of the tooth processes is also preferably greater on two mutually parallel sides than on the sides of the base element perpendicular thereto.
  • the greatest width of the tooth processes is preferably about 0.3% to about 2% greater on two mutually parallel sides than on the perpendicular sides of the base element, more preferably about 0.5% to about 1.5% more preferably about 0.6% to about 1.0%, most preferably about 0.7% to about 0.8% greater.
  • the floor panels/elements according to the invention with corner type e1-e4 are particularly preferably designed in such a way that on the same two mutually parallel sides of the floor element according to the invention both the increment and the greatest width of the tooth processes are larger than on the two sides perpendicular thereto.
  • such a design is chosen for the non-square elements according to the invention so that the even distribution of the tooth processes at the corner connections results in half tooth processes and not smaller tooth processes that would not produce a form-fitting filling in the interaction of the four corner connections.
  • the same increments and widths of the tooth processes are preferably selected on all sides.
  • the pitch (101a) between two tooth extensions on the longer side of the element / base plate is smaller than the pitch (101b) between two tooth extensions on the shorter side of the element / base plate.
  • the largest Width (102a) of an extension on the longer side of the element/bottom plate smaller than the greatest width (102b) on the shorter side of the element/bottom plate.
  • the increment between two extensions is shown here between their center lines.
  • the depth of a recess in the toothing is preferably the same on all sides of the element. In figure 8 the recess depth is marked with reference number 103 in two recesses selected as examples.
  • one of the advantages of the structure of the floor elements according to the invention with a sealing lip and a displacement channel is that the quantities of adhesive required are smaller and due to the connection of the plates to one another via the interlocking and gluing, there is no additional gluing of the floor elements formed soil with the underlying soil is necessary.
  • the floor elements can be easily removed again if necessary and replaced, for example, without an adhesive layer between the floor elements and the floor still having to be detached.
  • the use of adhesives in the elements according to the invention can be completely dispensed with, since the elements, at least when used as floor elements, remain at the desired location simply because of their connection to one another through the interlocking in a composite and the integrity of the so produced Composite or floor covering is retained.
  • the toothing increases or ensures that the floor panels do not shift against one another in the horizontal direction.
  • the sealing lip stabilizes the compound a in the vertical direction by engaging in the groove. Adhesive is therefore preferably only used if the surface/composite composed of the elements is intended to prevent the passage of liquids.
  • the floor elements according to the invention are provided in different materials.
  • One of the basic requirements for a suitable material for the floor elements according to the invention is that the material is elastic to the extent that when floor elements are assembled, the sealing lip can be inserted into the groove and, thanks to its elasticity in the groove, lies against at least one wall of the groove that a largely tight seal is formed through which excess adhesive cannot penetrate.
  • Suitable materials or materials include metals, wood, cork, plastics, rubber or caoutchouc (natural and synthetic), linoleum, glass, ceramics, stone and composite materials comprising one or more of the aforementioned materials, or different types of the aforementioned materials. Materials that can be formed from this are particularly preferred.
  • Plastics, linoleum, rubber and composite materials containing one or more of the above-mentioned suitable materials are particularly preferred among moldable materials.
  • plastics polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is particularly preferred, whether as the sole material or as a component in a composite material.
  • New or reused materials can be used to manufacture the floor elements according to the invention.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • reused (recycled) material is used.
  • the elements according to the invention are resistant to almost all oils, fats, acids and alkalis, have low flammability and are very easy to care for.
  • plastics are polypropylene PP (PP) and polyethylene (PE).
  • PP polypropylene PP
  • PE polyethylene
  • the use of these plastics has the advantage that the quantity of plasticizers added to the plastic can be significantly reduced or the addition of plasticizers is dispensed with completely, i.e. the plastics used are plasticizer-free.
  • PP polypropylene PP
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP and PE The disadvantage of PP and PE is that flame retardants usually have to be added because, unlike PVC, they do not contain chlorine, which in the event of a fire in PVC has a similar effect to a halogen-containing flame retardant.
  • PE also has a lower UV resistance than PVC, but this is compensated for by the fact that it is preferably used according to the invention for elements for ceiling and wall coverings or as components of furniture, where they experience less mechanical stress than elements that are considered flooring are used.
  • the floor element according to the invention is preferably provided, which consists of a molded material, preferably of plastic or a composite material containing wood and/or plastic.
  • the floor element according to the invention consists of PVC, PP or PE or, in the case of composite materials, at least partly of the plastics mentioned.
  • the elements according to the invention can also consist of materials other than plastics, such as wood or wood-comprising materials such as wood composites, or also consist of combinations of different materials.
  • Composites from the following group can be used for the production of the elements according to the invention: MDF (medium-density fibreboard; medium-density fibreboard), HDF (high-density fibreboard, high-density fibreboard), HB (hard fibreboard; hardboard) and WPF (wood-plastic composite materials; wood-plastic composite).
  • the wood-containing composite material preferably consists of HDF (high-density fiberboard) or HB (hardboard).
  • suitable adhesives are used to connect them, provided adhesives are used at all. Glues, resins or kits are preferably used as the adhesive.
  • the floor element according to the invention advantageously has an upper side (wear layer) with a definable surface and an underside (carrier layer), possibly with a support structure.
  • the surface structure is advantageously designed, for example, by means of grooves that are distributed lengthwise, crosswise, in a star shape, or randomly across the surface in such a way that it acquires special functional properties, such as an anti-slip effect.
  • special functional properties such as an anti-slip effect.
  • arrangements are also possible which result in a special visual impression of the surface and/or contain lettering.
  • the underside can also be structured on the side facing the floor. For example, this can be arched (concave) towards the middle of the floor element, which means that it also sits securely and wobble-free on uneven surfaces.
  • the underside can also have elevations and depressions, for example in the form of grooves or knobs, to prevent them from slipping, especially with floating/loose laying, or to ensure a larger connection surface with glued or fixed laying and thus the connection strengthen.
  • Floors containing floor elements according to the invention can withstand very high loads due to the strong connection mediated by the connecting means.
  • Floors according to the invention which contain the floor elements according to the invention, are already suitable for forklift traffic when laid floating and even suitable for heavy goods traffic when laid with adhesive. Heavy production machines can also be erected on the floors.
  • the wear layer and the carrier layer can be made from the same or from different materials mentioned above.
  • the wear layer can be made of a harder material and the carrier layer can be made of a softer material.
  • the wear layer is preferably located above the sealing lip, which represents part of the carrier layer. This advantageously simplifies the manufacturing process, since the carrier layer can be manufactured with the sealing lip first and the wear layer can then be connected to the carrier layer without damaging the sealing lip.
  • the sealing lip according to the preferred embodiment runs downwards at an angle, which would make the design to produce such a wear layer more complicated and the area below the sealing lip would have to be heated in order to seal the carrier layer with the wear layer connect, which could lead to the destruction of the sealing lip and thus to increased rejects.
  • the wear layer and the carrier layer are made of the same material, the entire floor panel can be manufactured in one step.
  • the thickness of the wear layer and the carrier layer can be the same.
  • the carrier layer is preferably higher than the wear layer.
  • the height of the wear layer preferably corresponds to less than half the height of the floor element, more preferably the height of the wear layer is between about 4% and about 40% of the height of the floor element, more preferably between about 10% and 30%, particularly preferably about 25% the total height of the floor element.
  • Elastic floor coverings can and often have to be laid liquid-tight due to the requirement profile, for example in medical rooms in order to meet hygienic standards and to be able to use liquid disinfectants, or in industrial areas in which thorough damp cleaning must be guaranteed or potentially contaminating liquid waste, such as oil in car repair shops.
  • Thermal welding is often used to ensure liquid tightness, which method is relatively complex and has already been described in the background of the invention section.
  • the present invention advantageously provides a floor element, characterized in that by connecting several floor elements, a liquid-tight surface can be achieved without thermal welding. In part, this is advantageously due to the fit of the Interlocking connection in combination with the sealing by the overlying combination of groove and sealing lip.
  • the toothed system is preferably combined with the covered system in such a way that a liquid-tight surface can be achieved with the simplest means even without thermal welding.
  • the connections of several floor elements according to the invention are preferably made completely liquid-tight through the additional use of adhesives in the abutting areas between the individual floor elements.
  • adhesive is applied to the outer edges to be connected.
  • the adhesive can be applied immediately before the floor elements are joined, or it can be applied to the floor elements before, during or after their manufacture in order to facilitate installation.
  • the floor element disclosed here is preferably provided according to the present invention, characterized in that a prefabricated joint adhesive is provided on one of the at least one outer edge.
  • the adhesive is applied to the area below the sealing lip, whether prefabricated or immediately before assembly.
  • Different adhesives can be used for bonding.
  • liquid adhesives, cold welding agents or porous/pasty adhesives such as polyurethane adhesive (PU adhesive) can be used.
  • Silicone is also suitable, but is not preferred.
  • silane-modified polymer adhesives/seals also called MS polymer adhesives. This advantageously creates connections between floor elements according to the invention that do not contain any solvents, are permanently elastic and temperature-resistant.
  • a pull-off strip can be applied to the adhesive layer to protect the adhesive, for example from drying out, and can be pulled off before the elements are joined together.
  • the floor coverings or panel systems according to the invention offer the possibility of simple and quick installation, which is even possible during ongoing operation, for example in industrial areas, in particular due to the prefabrication with adhesives, or the simple use of adhesives even without prior attachment and the possible omission of thermal welding or craft workrooms.
  • the dimensions and shape of the floor elements according to the invention can be selected relatively freely, depending on the area of application.
  • the floor element according to the invention is preferably provided, which is a plate which is preferably rectangular or square.
  • the floor element according to the invention preferably has dimensions of about 10-200 cm in length, about 10-200 cm in width and/or about 0.4-3 cm in height (thickness).
  • floor elements with a length of about 50 ⁇ 5 cm, a width of about 50 ⁇ 5 cm and/or a thickness or height of about 1 ⁇ 0.25 cm are preferred.
  • the elements preferably have the dimensions of approximately 60 ⁇ 30 cm or 60 ⁇ 100 cm.
  • the sealing lip preferably protrudes horizontally, i.e. without taking into account its angle of inclination in the direction of the underside of the floor panel (in 3 marked as distance 30 by way of example) only by about 5% to about 30%, more preferably by about 10% to 20%, particularly preferably by about 12% to about 18% of the total height of the plate from its outer edge.
  • the displacement channel numerically has the same width as just mentioned for the distance between the tip of the sealing lip and the outer edge of the plate.
  • the depth of the displacement channel preferably corresponds to between approximately 0.1% and 2%, more preferably between approximately 0.2% and 1%, particularly preferably between approximately 0.3% and 0.7% of the height of the plate.
  • connection is therefore also defined herein in relation to the floor elements according to the invention.
  • joinable means such as plates, boards, panels, battens, screens, profile means, and containers such as tanks, etc. or individual parts thereof containing at least one compound as described herein.
  • connections described herein make it possible to produce particularly simply coherent areas containing a plurality of means or floor elements according to the invention that can be joined together.
  • a composite is therefore also described herein, comprising at least two floor elements according to the invention connected to one another by means of the connecting means or means which can be joined together.
  • the floor elements according to the invention can preferably be used to form or line parts of rooms, such as floors, walls or ceilings. For this reason, a floor, wall or ceiling containing at least one floor element according to the invention is also provided.
  • Another possible use of the elements according to the invention is in the production of furniture or parts thereof, such as doors or walls of the furniture, or parts thereof.
  • Parts are also understood to mean parts of the furniture surfaces, ie, for example, furniture surfaces covered/connected with the elements according to the invention, or the elements as embedded components in the furniture surfaces.
  • furniture or parts thereof are also described, containing at least one element according to the invention.
  • the elements according to the invention for attachment to furniture are described.
  • similar advantages can be achieved with furniture as with the use of the elements according to the invention as floor, wall or ceiling coverings, e.g. watertightness at least in relation to partial areas of the furniture, such as floors, rear walls or ceilings, as well as splash protection against liquids.
  • the term "waterproof” in relation to the elements according to the invention or the connections between them as used herein, like the term liquids, should refer not only to water but to liquids in general and in particular to water, oils, fuels or alcohols .
  • the floor elements according to the invention can be laid both indoors and outdoors. Therefore, an object such as a hall, e.g. an industrial or sports hall, a house, a square, e.g. sports field, warehouse, etc. is also provided, containing a floor, a wall and/or a ceiling as disclosed herein.
  • a hall e.g. an industrial or sports hall, a house, a square, e.g. sports field, warehouse, etc.
  • a floor, a wall and/or a ceiling as disclosed herein.
  • the present description also relates to the use of floor elements according to the invention or means that can be assembled to produce a floor, a wall, a ceiling or an object, or to produce a cladding for a floor, a wall, a ceiling or for an object.
  • a method for producing a liquid-tight floor, a liquid-tight wall paneling or a liquid-tight ceiling covering is also described here, consisting of laying the floor elements according to the invention or the joinable means described here, whereby before the connection of the extensions with the recesses and optionally the sealing lips with the grooves, a jointing material (joint adhesive) is applied to the longitudinal and/or end edges of the floor elements or the joinable means.
  • This method is preferably carried out without time-consuming preparation of the substrate, i.e.
  • the floor elements according to the invention are also suitable for being laid on uneven surfaces, so the time-consuming preparatory work such as sanding the floor is usually necessary can omit.
  • the floor elements/panel systems according to the invention or the joinable means described here can also be laid loosely, in particular in the case of damp, cracked and oily substrates.
  • the substrates for the method according to the invention can also be pretreated, that is, if necessary, ground off, dried, filled (cracks) or freed from oil.
  • a step of gluing the floor, wall or ceiling to be produced by the method to the subsurface can also take place.
  • kits containing one or more floor elements as defined herein, a jointing adhesive/adhesive, preferably an MS polymer adhesive, a resin or a glue, instructions for making a floor, wall or ceiling according to the invention and, optionally, means for thermal welding , like a welding cord.
  • a jointing adhesive/adhesive preferably an MS polymer adhesive, a resin or a glue
  • instructions for making a floor, wall or ceiling according to the invention and, optionally, means for thermal welding , like a welding cord.
  • the kit can also contain a cold welding agent.
  • a vertical locking of the floor elements according to the invention is not absolutely necessary, or it is sufficient that the excess Adhesive is trapped in a reservoir and is not displaced onto the surfaces of the floor elements according to the invention.
  • connection means on at least one outer edge for connection to other, similar elements.
  • new connecting means are also disclosed which enable a firmer connection of the elements and sealing of the surfaces produced with such elements, such as floor, wall or ceiling coverings, against the passage of liquid without the need for thermal welding.
  • elements such as floor, wall or ceiling coverings
  • other means that can be joined together are also described, equipped with connections, composites thereof, as well as floors, ceilings, walls and objects that contain the elements themselves or the composites.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, dans lequel au moins un premier moyen de raccordement (14) pour raccorder cet élément en forme de panneau (10, 100, 200) avec un autre élément en forme de panneau (10', 100, 200) similaire est disposé, sur au moins un premier bord extérieur (12), un autre moyen de raccordement (14') doté d'une rainure (17) étant présent sur au moins un autre bord extérieur (12'),
    caractérisé en ce que le premier moyen de raccordement (14)
    (i) présente une lèvre d'étanchéité (16) qui est appropriée pour s'insérer par ajustement de forme dans ladite rainure (17) de l'autre élément en forme de panneau (10', 00, 200) similaire,
    (ii) présente un canal de refoulement (18) adapté pour recevoir le produit de jointoiement en excès en cas de raccordement par ajustement de forme des deux éléments en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200) et
    (iii) possède un autre canal de refoulement (18') qui est approprié pour recevoir, en cas d'justement de forme des deux éléments en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), le produit d'ajustement en excès qui est présent dans la rainure (17) avant le raccordement et qui est refoulé par l'insertion de la lèvre d'étanchéité,
    sur lequel des moyens d'emboîtement (14, 14') sont disposés, en guise de premier et d'autre moyen de raccordement du premier et de l'autre bord extérieur (12, 12'), pour un raccordement par ajustement de forme avec un autre élément en forme de panneau (10', 100, 200) similaire, lesquels moyens d'emboîtement (14, 14') sont disposés sur au moins un bord extérieur (12, 12') de l'élément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), saillant hors de celui-ci et/ou étant masqués et lesquels moyens d'emboîtement (14, 14') sont constitués de saillies (20) et d'encoches (22), les saillies (20) étant destinées à s'insérer par ajustement de forme dans les encoches (22).
  2. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon la revendication 1, lequel élément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200) est configuré comme un panneau de sol amovible qui possède au moins quatre bords extérieurs (12, 12').
  3. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon la revendication 2, sur lequel la lèvre d'étanchéité (16) est agencée au-dessus des saillies (20) et des encoches (22) sur un bord extérieur à découvert (12, 12') de l'élément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100; 200) et sur lequel la rainure (17) est agencée au-dessus des saillies (20) et des encoches (22) sur un bord extérieur masqué (12, 12').
  4. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 3, sur lequel la lèvre d'étanchéité (16), après son insertion dans la rainure (17), se bloque de préférence verticalement dans le plan du panneau.
  5. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 4, sur lequel la lèvre d'étanchéité (16) court en biais à partir du plan du panneau de l'élément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200) en direction de la face inférieure de l'élément.
  6. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 5, qui est constitué d'une matière élastique modelée, de préférence de matière plastique ou d'un matériau composite contenant du bois et/ou du plastique, et présente de préférence une face supérieure (110) avec une surface pouvant être prédéfinie ainsi qu'une face inférieure (120), laquelle face inférieure présente en outre de préférence une structure d'appui, la matière plastique étant du PVC, du PP ou du PE ou le matériau composite contenant du bois étant un HDF (panneau de fibres à haute densité, high density fiberboard) ou un panneau de fibres dures (hardboard, HB).
  7. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, par le biais du raccordement de plusieurs éléments en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), la précision d'ajustement des moyens d'emboîtement combinée avec l'étanchéité offerte par la combinaison placée dessus de la rainure (17) et de la lèvre d'étanchéité (16) permet d'obtenir une surface étanche aux liquides sans soudure thermique, et/ou caractérisé en ce qu'une colle à joints préfabriquée est disposée sur un des au moins un bord extérieur (12, 12').
  8. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 7, qui est un panneau qui est rectangulaire ou carré et possède de préférence des dimensions d'environ 10 à 200 cm de longueur, environ 10 à 200 cm de largeur et/ou environ 0,4 à 3 cm de hauteur (épaisseur), en particulier de préférence environ 50 ± 5 cm de longueur, environ 50 ± 5 cm de largeur et/ou environ 1 ± 0,25 cm d'épaisseur.
  9. Elément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200), en particulier élément de sol pour former un sol de grande surface, selon une des revendications 1 à 8, qui possède quatre régions en forme de coin (e1) à (e4) de formes différentes, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'un élément en forme de panneau est raccordé avec un autre élément en forme de panneau similaire,
    - une première région en forme de coin (e1) possède une saillie partielle symétrique (20') du moyen d'emboîtement qui ne remplit que partiellement une encoche du moyen d'emboîtement,
    - la deuxième et la quatrième région en forme de coin (e2, e4) possèdent chacune une encoche du moyen d'emboîtement qui peut accueillir seulement une partie d'une saillie prévue le long des bords extérieurs ou la totalité de la saillie partielle (20') ainsi qu'une saillie partielle asymétrique (21) et
    - la troisième région en forme de coin (e3) comprend deux encoches partielles disposées symétriquement qui, en termes de dimensions, peuvent accueillir chacune une saillie partielle asymétrique (21) de la deuxième ou de la quatrième région en forme de coin (e4, e2), caractérisé en outre en ce que cet élément en forme de panneau (100, 200) peut être assemblé avec un ou plusieurs éléments en forme de panneau (100, 200) de même type pour former un composite, deux ou plusieurs éléments en forme de panneau étant raccordés entre eux alternativement sur la longueur totale ou uniquement sur une section partielle d'un ou plusieurs de leurs bords extérieurs (12).
  10. Sol, cloison ou plafond comprenant au moins un élément en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200) selon une des revendications 1 à 9.
  11. Objet tel qu'un hall, par exemple un hall industriel ou un gymnase, une maison, un terrain, par exemple un terrain de sport, un entrepôt, etc. contenant un sol, une cloison ou un plafond selon la revendication 10.
  12. Kit comprenant au moins deux éléments en forme de panneau (10, 10', 100, 200) selon une des revendications 1 à 9, des instructions pour la pose des éléments en forme de panneau, un adhésif, de préférence un adhésif polymère MS, une résine ou une colle et/ou un moyen de soudure thermique ou à froid.
EP17724490.2A 2016-05-23 2017-05-11 Éléments en forme de panneau pour former des revêtements Active EP3464751B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20230486TT HRP20230486T1 (hr) 2016-05-23 2017-05-11 Elementi u obliku panela, za formiranje površina
RS20230381A RS64209B1 (sr) 2016-05-23 2017-05-11 Elementi u obliku panela, za formiranje površina

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202016102748.9U DE202016102748U1 (de) 2016-05-23 2016-05-23 Elemente zur Bildung von Flächen und deren Verbindungen
PCT/EP2017/000575 WO2017202486A1 (fr) 2016-05-23 2017-05-11 Éléments pour former des revêtements et leurs moyens d'assemblage

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EP3464751A1 EP3464751A1 (fr) 2019-04-10
EP3464751B1 true EP3464751B1 (fr) 2023-02-22

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DE (1) DE202016102748U1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20230486T1 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2017202486A1 (fr)

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SI3612679T1 (sl) * 2018-06-26 2021-08-31 Nandor Szonyi Element talne obloge, ki varuje pred padci, predvsem za pokrivanje igrišč in talna obloga sestavljena iz njega
DE102018121116B4 (de) * 2018-08-29 2021-05-20 Sarah Hezel Bodenelement
GB2584860B (en) 2019-06-18 2021-08-25 Hurson Niall Floor tile with waterproof connection
DE102020119771A1 (de) 2020-07-27 2022-01-27 Ibotac GmbH & Co. KG Ebene Platten und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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WO2014108875A1 (fr) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Panneau de plancher permettant de former un revêtement de sol, revêtement de sol composé desdits panneaux de plancher et procédé permettant de fabriquer lesdits panneaux de plancher

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WO2014108875A1 (fr) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Panneau de plancher permettant de former un revêtement de sol, revêtement de sol composé desdits panneaux de plancher et procédé permettant de fabriquer lesdits panneaux de plancher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RS64209B1 (sr) 2023-06-30
EP3464751A1 (fr) 2019-04-10
WO2017202486A1 (fr) 2017-11-30
HRP20230486T1 (hr) 2023-07-21
DE202016102748U1 (de) 2016-06-20

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