Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
  • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/1216—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms used as thickening agent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
  • C10M2207/1236—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic used as thickening agent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
  • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
  • C10M2209/126—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers used as thickening agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
  • C10M2215/0425—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/135—Steam engines or turbines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• the invention relates to a base oil for a lubricant composition, in particular a lubricating grease composition and to processes for the preparation of this lubricant composition.
• Greases typically consist of 65 to 95% of a base oil, 3 to 30% of a thickener component and 0 to 10% of additives ( Wilfried J. Bartz: Greases. Composition, properties, testing and application, Expert 2000, p. 33 ).
• the base oils usually consist of natural or synthetic oils.
• Such grease compositions are for example from WO08154997 A1 known.
• the base oil for the preparation of a lubricant composition can be aqueous.
• it is watery and oil-free.
• the base oil may consist of water.
• the base oil contains one or more polymers or salts thereof (polymer component).
• polymer component By the polymer component and / or the proportions of water to polymer components, the chemical and / or physical properties of the base oil, in particular the viscosity can be influenced.
• lubricant compositions having advantageous electrical conductivities can be formed.
• the conductivities of the lubricants according to the invention are preferably in the range from 10 -12 to 10 -3 S / cm, preferably in the range from 10 -9 to 10 -3 S / cm, particularly preferably in the Range between 10 -7 and 10 -3 , in particular in the range between 10 -5 and 10 -3 S / cm.
• the lubricant compositions according to the invention can serve as conductive seals, as described, for example, in US Pat EP 0962 675 A2 to be discribed.
• the aqueous base oils according to the invention make it possible to reduce the oil content in the lubricant composition, advantageously dispensing with oils entirely.
• the base oils according to the invention and the lubricant compositions produced therewith are oil-free, in particular mineral oil-free.
• the base oils and lubricant compositions according to the invention can preferably be used in devices in which possible leaks would directly lead to contamination of the environment. This is particularly important in applications where contamination of surface water is to be feared.
• a particularly preferred field of application is therefore the use of the lubricant compositions of the invention in underwater applications, such as in underwater turbines.
• the invention therefore relates to a lubricant composition, preferably a grease composition, comprising water and a first component of one or more thickeners or salts thereof (thickener component), the relative proportion of water being at most 70% by weight, preferably at most 50% by weight, especially preferably not more than 40% by weight, very particularly preferably not more than 35% by weight, if the thickener component has a dropping point of not more than 260 ° C, preferably of not more than 280 ° C, particularly preferably of 300 ° C.
• the base oil refers to a carrier medium, in particular a dispersion medium, which is suitable for receiving, in particular dispersing, the thickener component and any additives present.
• the base oil in itself has friction-reducing properties. It may significantly affect the lubricating properties of the resulting lubricant composition, particularly grease composition, due to its chemical composition and properties.
• the base oil contains a polymer component.
• “Grease compositions” are semi-liquid to consistent dispersions of a thickener component in a liquid carrier medium, especially a base oil.
• Grease compositions can resist external, shape changing forces.
• Grease compositions have a yield point.
• the molecules in grease compositions have a higher state of order as compared to the molecules in liquid lubricant compositions.
• a “thickener” is a substance that has the ability to form a three-dimensional network in a medium.
• This network may preferably consist of fibrous structural units (fibrils), which may in particular consist of crystallites and micelles. These can be formed by association as molecular aggregates.
• the molecules of the base oil are preferably embedded in this three-dimensional network through molecular interactions, capillary forces and mechanical inclusions.
• Thickeners can also be present as salts. Unless explicitly stated, the term “thickener” always covers the salts thereof.
• the use of a thickener in the base oil preferably results in the grease composition having a defined yield point.
• the reason for this is the above-described three-dimensional network formed by the thickener molecules as a result of physical interactions, as a result of which, in part, the molecules of the base oil can be bound or incorporated into the three-dimensional matrix.
• the “melting point” refers to the temperature at which the liquid and solid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at normal pressure (1013 hPa). At the melting point of the material, preferably without changing chemically, from solid to liquid state.
• the "drop point” refers to the meltability of solid fats, especially lubricants.
• the dropping point is in the context of the invention, the temperature at which the lubricant drips under test conditions, for example, the standard IP 396 under its own weight, in particular begins to flow.
• polymer component is meant one or more water-soluble polymers or their salts. Unless otherwise stated herein, the term polymer always includes salts of the polymer. By bringing the polymer component into contact with water, a thickened liquid of increased viscosity can result compared to the viscosity of water.
• the polymer in particular the polymer component, may also have lubricating properties. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail below.
• the relative proportion of water is at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 15% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight, most preferably at least 30% by weight, if the thickener component has a maximum dropping point 260 ° C, preferably of at most 280 ° C, particularly preferably of 300 ° C.
• the relative proportion of water in this embodiment is at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 15% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight, most preferably at least 30% by weight, if the thickener component has a melting point of at most 260 ° C, preferably of not more than 280 ° C, particularly preferably of 300 ° C.
• the base oil contains a polymer component.
• the relative proportion of the polymer component in the base oil is preferably from 0.05 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight. This is especially true when the polymer component is a cellulose ether or salt thereof, especially the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose.
• the relative proportion of thickener component in the total composition is at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 35% by weight, most preferably more than 35% by weight.
• Particularly preferred lubricant grease compositions according to the invention result in a relative proportion of the water between 25 and 95 wt.%, A proportion of the polymer component between 0.5 and 4 wt.% And a proportion between 10 and 70 wt.% Of the thickener component.
• natural polymer also referred to as “biopolymer” refers to polymers whose origin is of biological origin and which contain no chemical modifications.
• a “semisynthetic polymer” is meant a chemically modified natural polymer. Examples are carboxyalkyl cellulose (such as carboxymethyl cellulose), hydroxyalkyl cellulose (such as hydroxypropyl cellulose) or cellulose acetate.
• Synthetic polymers refers to polymers obtained from chemical synthesis / polymerization. Examples are polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, etc.
• natural polymers or their salts of the polymer component in the grease composition can be selected.
• alginates, pectins, celluloses, gelatins and natural starches may be used.
• the cation of the salt of carboxymethylcellulose is selected from the group consisting of metals of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd or 4th main group or the 12th subgroup or mixtures thereof.
• the following metals are selected from the group consisting of: Li, Na, K, Ca, Ba, Al and / or Zn, particularly preferably from the group consisting of Li, Na, K and Ca.
• the sodium salt of the carboxymethyl cellulose is Walocel CRT 1000 PA.
• Preferred viscosities of the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose are between 10 to 40,000 mPa as a 2% solution in water.
• the molecular weights of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose are in the range between 90,000 g / mol and 700,000 g / mol, preferably.
• the semisynthetic polymers of the polymer component are selected from the group consisting of: cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, or mixtures thereof.
• the thickener component is selected from the group consisting of: soap thickeners, non-soap thickeners or mixtures thereof.
• the thickener components soap thickeners and non-soap thickeners are distinguished.
• a general description of thickeners already known to the skilled worker for a long time can be found in T. Goertz, Soap-Based Greases, Composition - Production - Properties, Tribology + Lubrication Technology, Volume 56, 1/2009.
• the thickener components of the grease composition according to the invention are selected from the group comprising: metal soaps, complex soaps or mixed soaps which are among the soap thickeners.
• non-soap thickeners are in particular ureas, clays such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite, silicates, silicas, talc , Polytetrafluoroethylene, metal salts, pigments or graphite.
• ureas such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates such as bentonite, montmorillonite or baux
• the "soap thickeners" in lubricating grease compositions are, in particular, metal soaps or salts which can be formed by reaction of metal hydroxides with fatty acids with elimination of water.
• metal hydroxides is meant compounds which consist in the solid state of an ionic crystal lattice.
• the negative lattice elements or anions in this crystal lattice consist of oxygen and hydrogen, in particular hydroxide ions (OH - ).
• the positive lattice building blocks or cations of the crystal lattice are metals. In a preferred embodiment, they are metals of the 1. 2. 3 and 4. Main group and the 12th subgroup.
• “Simple metal soaps” are produced by the reaction of metal hydroxide with fatty acid. In addition to the free fatty acid, triglycerides can also be reacted with metal hydroxides to form soaps with mixed anions.
• mixed metal soaps are understood as meaning mixtures of soaps with various metal ions, in particular cations, which can be formed by reacting two different metal hydroxides with fatty acid.
• the Properties of such mixed soap fats composed more or less proportionately from the properties of simple metal soaps.
• mixed metal soaps are preferably used to improve inadequate properties of certain types of soap, for example, to improve the water resistance of lithium and sodium fats by blending with calcium soaps.
• the preparation is particularly preferably carried out in a one-step process.
• Complex soaps are generated in particular by the reaction of metal hydroxide with fatty acid and inorganic acids such as boric acid or short-chain organic monocarboxylic acids, preferably acetic acid or dicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably adipic acid azelaic acid and sebacic acid.
• fatty acid and inorganic acids such as boric acid or short-chain organic monocarboxylic acids, preferably acetic acid or dicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably adipic acid azelaic acid and sebacic acid.
• Bentonites are clay-containing rocks, the majority of which consists of a three-layer silicate with a swelling capacity, preferably montmorillonite. Bentonites may contain, in addition to the main portion, additional accompanying minerals, in particular quartz, mica, feldspar or lime in varying proportions. Bentonites as thickeners are well known to those skilled in the art (T. Goertz, Gel and Bentonite Fats - Composition - Properties, Tribology + Lubrication Technology, Volume 56, 2/2009).
• silicas is meant the oxygen acids of silicon.
• it is preferably condensates of monosilicic acid (Si (OH) 4 ), in particular polysilicic acids.
• Soap thickeners are typically composed of one or more anions and one or more cations, and are thus in particular ionic compounds.
• the cation of the soap thickener is in a preferred embodiment of the grease composition according to the invention selected from the group consisting of metals of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th main group and metals of the 12th subgroup.
• the following metals are selected from the group consisting of: Li, Na, K, Ca, Ba, Al and / or Zn, particularly preferably from the group consisting of Li, Na, K and Ca.
• the anions of the soap thickener are selected in a further particularly preferred embodiment from the group consisting of: saturated C 2 to C 30 mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, mono- or polyunsaturated C 2 to C 30 mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, aromatic C 5 to C 30 mono- and dicarboxylic acids or a mixture of such carboxylic acids.
• the anions of the soap thickener are selected from monocarboxylic acids. In a further preferred embodiment, the anions of the soap thickener are selected from dicarboxylic acids. Particularly preferred are the anions of the selected from mixtures of mono- and dicarboxylic acids.
• the anions of the soap thickener are selected from the group consisting of: saturated C 2 to C 30 mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, preferably C 12 to C 20 mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably stearic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid and azelaic acid or mixtures thereof.
• the anions of the soap thickener are preferably selected from derivatives of the monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids.
• Substituted mono- and / or dicarboxylic acid derivatives are also preferably selected.
• the mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids are in particular selected from the group consisting of: hydroxystearic acids and / or hydroxystearic acid derivatives, hydroxysebacic acids and / or hydroxysebacic acid derivatives, in particular from 12-hydroxystearic acid.
• carboxylic acids therefore includes here in addition to the unsubstituted carboxylic acids and the carboxylic acids with a substituted alkyl group and carboxylic acid derivatives.
• Preferred substituents of the alkyl group here are selected from the group consisting of: hydroxides, halides, ethers and amines.
• Preferred carboxylic acid derivatives are selected from the group consisting of: carboxylic acid amides, carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acid halides, and carboxylic acid anhydrides.
• the anions of the soap thickener may be selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, in particular boric acids or phosphoric acids.
• the soap thickener is obtainable in the grease composition by contacting a mono- and / or dicarboxylic acid, preferably the abovementioned and alkanolamines and / or alkylamines, preferably alkanolamines, particularly preferably triethanolamine.
• soap thickeners with particularly favorable properties can be obtained by combining a mixture of alkanolamines and one or more metal hydroxides and the mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids according to the invention, which are defined as herein.
• grease compositions are obtainable by contacting a base oil containing water and one and / or more cellulose esters, preferably carboxymethylcelluloses and / or salts thereof, more preferably sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and a thickener component obtainable by contacting a mixture of alkanolamines, especially triethanolamine and one or more metal hydroxides, preferably from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and calcium hydroxide, in particular potassium hydroxide, and one or more mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, preferably from the group consisting of stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, sebacic acid or mixtures thereof.
• grease compositions are obtainable by contacting a base oil consisting of water and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a thickener component obtainable by combining a mixture of triethanolamine, potassium hydroxide and stearic acid.
• the grease compositions of the invention may be prepared by contacting a base oil consisting of water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and a thickener component obtainable by combining a mixture of a metal hydroxide, especially a lithium, sodium, potassium, and / or calcium hydroxide, and a mono- and or dicarboxylic acid, preferably stearic acid, stearic acid derivatives, terephthalic acid or terephthalic acid derivatives, sebacic acid or sebacic acid derivatives, adipic acid or adipic acid derivatives, azelaic acid or azealic acid derivatives or mixtures thereof.
• a base oil consisting of water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and a thickener component obtainable by combining a mixture of a metal hydroxide, especially a lithium, sodium, potassium, and / or calcium hydroxide, and a mono- and or dicarboxylic acid, preferably stearic acid, stearic acid derivatives, terephthalic
• these grease compositions are obtainable by contacting a base oil containing water and a carboxymethylcellulose and / or salts thereof, especially sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and a thickener component obtainable by contacting alkanolamines, especially triethanolamine and stearic acid and / or sebacic acid.
• those lubricating grease compositions which have a thickener, the thickener being obtainable from one or more mono- or multiisocyanates, preferably diisocyanates, in particular toluene diisocyanate and / or methylene diphenyl isocyanate or dimers thereof, with an amine of the general formula R '. 2 NR and / or a diamine of the general formula R ' 2 NRN-R' 2 , wherein R is an aryl, alkyl, or alkylene radical, in particular a polyaryl, polyalkyl or polyalkylene radical, or with a mixture of amines or diamines , contains.
• R is an aryl, alkyl, or alkylene radical, in particular a polyaryl, polyalkyl or polyalkylene radical, or with a mixture of amines or diamines , contains.
• Muttiisocyanate include in addition to integer multiples of the isocyanates, preferably di-, tri-, tetraisocyanates, in particular also oligo- or polyisocyanates, also half-integer multiples of the isocyanates, or mixtures thereof.
• the thickener contains the reaction product of one or more diisocyanates with a primary amine.
• the grease compositions of the invention may be prepared by contacting a base oil consisting of water and sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a thickener component obtainable by combining a mixture of one or more diisocyanates, preferably aryl diisocyanates, especially toluene diisocyanate and / or methylene diphenylisocyanate, with an alkylamine, preferably a C1 to C10 alkylamine, Octylamine and / or an alkylenediarylamine, in particular methylenedianiline or with a mixture of amines or diamines, are particularly preferably prepared.
• a base oil consisting of water and sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a thickener component obtainable by combining a mixture of one or more diisocyanates, preferably aryl diisocyanates, especially toluene diisocyanate and / or methylene diphenylisocyanate, with an alkylamine, preferably a C1 to C10 alkyl
• alkyl group is meant a saturated hydrocarbon chain.
• alkyl groups have, in particular, the general formula -C n H 2n + 1 .
• alkenyl groups refer to hydrocarbon chains containing at least one double bond along the chain.
• an alkenyl group having a double bond has in particular the general formula - C n H 2n-1 .
• alkenyl groups may also have more than one double bond.
• Aryl groups refer to monocyclic (eg, phenyl), bicyclic (eg, indenyl, naphthalenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, or tetrahydroindenyl) and tricyclic (eg, fluorenyl, tetrahydrofluorenyl, anthracenyl, or tetrahydroanthracenyl) ring systems in which the monocyclic ring system or at least one of the rings in a bicyclic or tricyclic ring system is aromatic.
• Grease compositions can be described by the so-called consistency index (NLGI class, National Lubricating Grease Institute). The classification ranges from 000 to 6.
• the grease compositions of the invention are preferably in the range of NLGI 000 and NGLI 4, preferably in the range between NLGI 0 and NLGI 3, more preferably have a consistency index of NLGI 2.
• the "consistency” is a measure of the inertia of the fats, so the resistance of the fat to change in shape.
• the consistency can be determined by penetration test. According to the invention, the preferred Method of "cone penetration” according to DIN ISO 2137 applied. Penetration is the penetration depth of a defined cone at 25 ° C after 5 seconds understood by its weight. Above all, the penetration depends on the composition and the structure of the respective fat. It can therefore serve the classification of fat in consistency classes.
• the measured penetration in the range from 475 to 170 tenths of a millimeter, preferably in the range between 385 and 220, more preferably in the range between 295 and 265.
• flow pressure can also be used to classify grease compositions. This gives information about the mobility of a grease at different temperatures.
• flow pressure is meant the differential pressure to atmospheric pressure required to force a grease train out of a test nozzle. The thus determined flow pressure characterizes the flow behavior of the lubricating grease compositions according to the invention.
• the flow pressure can be determined according to DIN 51805-2.
• the flow pressure, measured at 20 ° C., of the lubricant composition is in the range between 60 and 90 mbar, in particular at 75 mbar. In a further preferred embodiment, the flow pressure of the lubricant composition measured at 0.degree. C. is in the range between 85 and 115 mbar, in particular at 100 mbar.
• the flow pressure of the lubricant composition measured at -5 ° C. is in the range between 135 and 165 mbar, in particular at 150 mbar. In a preferred embodiment, the flow pressure of the lubricant composition measured at -10 ° C. is in the range between 200 and 250 mbar, in particular at 225 mbar. In a preferred embodiment, the flow pressure of the lubricant composition measured at -20 ° C. is in the range between 500 and 600 mbar, in particular 550 mbar.
• the electrical conductivity lies in the range between 10 -12 and 10 -3 S / cm, preferably in the range between 10 -9 and 10 -3 S / cm, more preferably in the range between 10 -7 and 10 -5 , in particular in the range between 10 -5 and 10 -3 S / cm.
• the conductivity is preferably determined on the basis of ISO 16773-1.
• the base oil for producing the lubricating grease composition according to the invention consists of water and a polymer component which can be used according to the invention, in particular cellulose ethers and salts thereof. Very particular preference is given to the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose.
• the base oil has a water content of 100% by weight, preferably of at least 80% by weight, 50 and 60 particularly preferably of at least 30% by weight.
• the base oil has a viscosity index of at least 120, preferably of at least 140, particularly preferably of at least 180.
• the "viscosity index” refers to the temperature-dependent change in the viscosity of a lubricant. It can be determined from the kinematic viscosity according to ISO 3104.
• the viscosity of the base oil at 40 ° C is advantageously in a range of 1 and 100,000 mm 2 / s, preferably in the range of 1 to 10,000 mm 2 / s, more preferably in the range of 100 to 1500 mm 2 / s.
• the most preferred polymer component for these preferred compositions is the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose.
• welding force is understood to mean a test force in Newton (N) in which a movement inability, in particular by welding of the four-ball system, occurs in the testing device.
• the "Gutkraft” refers to the measured in Newton (N) measured before reaching the welding force at which no immobility, in particular no welding of the four-ball system has occurred in the tester.
• VKA welding force here refers to the testing forces for good and welding force in Newton (N), determined according to the conditions according to DIN 51350-4.
• additives may be added to the grease compositions, additives and additives of the invention as known in the art of lubricant compositions.
• additives for example, in addition to corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, stabilizers, solubilizers and so-called.
• Extreme Pressure Additives can be used.
• one component is a metal hydroxide, or an alkyl or alkanolamine
• the second component is a carboxylic acid according to the invention.
• one component is a diisocyanate
• the second component is an amine according to the invention.
• the base eg, a metal hydroxide
• the base oil it is advantageous to provide the base (eg, a metal hydroxide) in the base oil and then to heat the mixture first. Temperatures of 40 to 90 ° C, more preferably from 60 to 80 ° C are advantageous. Only then does the addition of the fatty acids, preferably of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, take place.
• metal hydroxides from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and calcium hydroxide, in particular potassium hydroxide, are of particular interest.
• carboxymethyl cellulose is particularly preferred as the polymer component, the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose being particularly preferred.
• a mixture of 22.5 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5 g of polyethylene glycol (M w ⁇ 90,000 g / mol) are dissolved in 322.0 g of water.
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Resting penetration 303 Walkpenetration 286 NLGI class 2 Dropping point (IP396) 99.3 ° C Flow pressure (DIN 51805): 20 ° C 75 mbar 0 ° C 100 mbar -5 ° C 150 mbar -10 ° C 225 mbar -20 ° C 550 mbar Wear index (DIN 51350 T5) 1.7 mm Welding force (DIN 51350 T4) 1200 N Corrosion properties on copper (DIN 51811) / aluminum (based on DIN 51811) 1 Electric conductivity 2 x 10 -6 S / cm
• a base oil mixture according to the invention which consists of a mixture of 160 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 9840 g of water.
• Example 2 Grease composition with a simple lithium metal soap
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 390 NLGI class 00
• Example 3 Grease composition with a simple calcium metal soap
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 232 NLGI class 3
• Example 4 Grease composition with a simple barium metal soap
• KOH potassium hydroxide
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 234 NLGI class 3
• Example 5 Grease composition with a simple barium metal soap
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 324 NLGI class 1
• Example 6 Grease composition with a simple sodium metal soap
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 231 NLGI class 3
• Example 7 Lubricating grease composition with a lithium complex soap
• LiOH lithium hydroxide
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 270 NLGI class 2
• Example 8 Grease composition with a sodium complex soap
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following excellent properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 270 NLGI class 2
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 447 NLGI class 000.
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 236 NLGI class 3
• HDK T40 highly dispersed silicic acid
• the grease was examined according to the standardized procedures.
• the resulting grease had the following properties: property reading Penetration (DIN ISO 2137): Worked penetration 240 NLGI class 3
• the cone penetration of greases is determined at 25 ° C by loosening the cone device from the penetrometer so that the cone sinks in for 5 seconds. Then the penetration depth is measured.
• the cone used is an optional cone according to DIN ISO 2137, consisting of a truncated cone made of brass with removable top made of hardened steel.
• a quarter cone according to DIN ISO 2137 can be used. The dimensions and limit deviations correspond to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 to DIN ISO 2137.
• the resting penetration is determined on sample quantities which have been filled under light mechanical stress into a container suitable for the test.
• the samples are taken in accordance with ASTM D 4057.
• the sample can be checked for inhomogeneity, oil separation, phase transitions or coarse contamination. If different conditions apply, a new sample will be used. A sufficient amount of the sample is withdrawn to overfill the pot of grease kneader.
• An empty metal container and another metal container filled with the sample are placed in a water bath according to DIN ISO 2137.
• the temperature of the sample is brought to 25 ° C and held.
• the sample is transferred to the metal container of the grease mixer, taking care to stir the sample as little as possible.
• the container is pushed open to expel any trapped air.
• the grease is then compacted under low stress with a spatula. Excess grease is removed by pulling the blade of the spatula over the rim of the pot at an angle of about 45 ° to the direction of movement to create a flat surface.
• the penetrometer cone is carefully cleaned before each test and held securely in the raised position during cleaning. Any grease or oil residue will be completely removed from the penetrometer shaft.
• the pot is placed on the exactly horizontal Penetrometer table, the mechanism is adjusted so that the cone is held in the "zero" position. Care should be taken with each measurement to align the instrument so carefully that the cone tip will make the specimen surface straight touched at the point which is determined depending on the consistency of the respective sample. The observation took place with the help of the shadow of the cone tip.
• the pot is centered depending on the nature of the grease by means of a centering device.
• the cone shaft is quickly released and then it is dropped for 5.0 seconds and then fixed in this position.
• the indicator shaft is gently pressed down until it is stopped by the cone shaft. Subsequently, the penetration can be read from the display scale.
• the sample will only be used for one test.
• three tests are carried out in a single container by setting the penetrations at an angular distance of approximately 120 °, approximately halfway between the center and the wall of the container.
• Swath penetrations are determined immediately after swirling the sample with 60 double strokes in a standard grease mixer.
• a sufficient amount of the sample is withdrawn to overfill the pot of grease kneader.
• the assembled grease mixer is placed in a water bath maintained at 25 ° C until the temperature of the grease kneader and its contents is 20.0 ° C. The grease is then exposed for 1 min 60 double strokes with the piston. The following further experiments were carried out in quick succession.
• the rolled sample is prepared in the pot for further testing in accordance with DIN ISO 2137.
• the penetration is determined as already described in A).
• the National Lubricating Grease Institution classifies greases by their consistency, which is determined with 60 strokes of the walkpenetration.
• the NLGI classification contains nine consistency classes or classes, each of which corresponds to a specified range of walkpenetration.
• the NLGI classification is defined in ISO 6743-99 and listed for classes 000 to 4 in the following table: NLGI Walkpenetration in units (tenths of a millimeter) 000. 445 to 475 00 400 to 430 0 355 to 385 1 310 to 340 2 265 to 295 3 220 to 250 4 175 to 205
• the determination of the dropping point is completely automated according to the requirements of the standard IP 396 by means of a double heating ramp.
• the grease to be measured is brought to an initial temperature of 10 ° C above ambient temperature. Subsequently, the sample is heated at a heating rate of 10 ° C / min to a starting temperature which depends on the expected dropping point of the sample. Once a temperature is reached which is 20 ° C below the expected dropping point, the heating rate is reduced to 1 ° C / min.
• the approximate determination of the dropping point should first be made. For this purpose, a heating rate of 10 ° C / min over the entire period of the measurement is set. For the determination of the temperature, which is 20 ° C below the expected dropping point, the approximate value of the dropping point can be used. A second measurement provides the dropping point of the grease composition.
• the grease-filled test nozzle of the tester is connected to a gas pressure generating device and a pressure gauge.
• the pressure is preferably increased at intervals of 30 s by a certain amount, which is dependent on the flow pressure of the grease, so long until the grease train has leaked out of the test nozzle and the compressed gas escapes through the test nozzle.
• the tempering chamber equipped with the test nozzle is tempered for preferably 2 hours before the start of the test.
• the samples to be measured are measured at 20 ° C, 0 ° C, -10 ° C and -20 ° C.
• the recommended maximum period of time provided for in DIN 51805-2 is preferably maintained until the intended test temperature is reached.
• the grease composition is tested in a four-ball system (DIN 51350-1), which preferably consists of a rotating ball (running ball), which slides under a predetermined test force on three of their same balls (stationary balls).
• the test time may preferably be 60 minutes or 60 seconds.
• the dome diameter of the three stationary balls is measured and averaged.
• the ball pot or ball holder consisting of clamping, pressure plate and test balls are thoroughly cleaned and dried in a residue-free solvent, preferably FAM gasoline.
• the cleaned ball cup is filled free of air bubbles with the grease composition to be tested.
• three cleaned fürkugeln (DIN 51350-1), preferably the stand balls, slightly pressed and firmly clamped.
• the ball pot is filled so that the stand balls are covered and the ball holder do not immerse in the grease.
• the excess grease composition is preferably withdrawn via the edge of the ball pot by means of a spatula.
• the ball pot and grease composition have a temperature between 18 ° C and 40 ° C.
• Another test ball is pressed as a ball in the ball holder and inserted into the test spindle.
• test force is applied, the test force is preferably set to 150 N, 300 N or 1000 N according to three different methods.
• the drive motor is set to 1450 revolutions per minute.
• the lubricating grease compositions according to the invention are tested in a four-ball system (DIN 51350-1), which preferably consists of a rotating ball (running ball), which slides under a specified test force on three identical balls (stationary balls) (analogous to point 5.)
• the test load can be gradual be increased until a welding of the four-ball system occurs.
• the test is carried out analogously to the implementation in point 5 (vide supra).
• test load is increased to determine the welding force, however, until a welding of the balls occurs.
• the test load is increased from test run to test run in the test force range between 2000 N and 4800 N by 200 N in each case or by 500 N in the test load range between 5000 N and 12000 N.
• the VKA welding force of a grease composition is preferably determined by two matching individual measurements from three trials each, for goodness and welding strength.
• test temperature depends on the upper service temperature of the particular grease and can be 50 ° C, 100 ° C and / or another temperature to be agreed.
• All surface defects are removed by means of an abrasive paper or with abrasive cloth.
• the copper strips are stored under solvent until use.
• the insertion of the copper strip in the holding device by means of tweezers.
• the copper strip or aluminum strip is immersed obliquely in a beaker which was previously filled with the test grease at room temperature up to 10 mm below the edge and preferably free of air bubbles.
• the copper strip protrudes here preferably 10 mm out of the grease.
• the test is carried out according to the agreed test duration and / or temperature.
• the grease compositions are measured for electrical conductivity testing by the method of impedance spectroscopy following ISO 16773-1.
• Impedance spectroscopy is a method to study ion transport processes in solids.
• To be examined grease composition by introducing a sample into a electrochemical cell an AC voltage, preferably low amplitude, applied.
• the alternating voltage can generate in the sample an alternating current of the same frequency, which is measured by means of a frequency response analyzer.
• Corresponding control and evaluation software can use the system data to create an equivalent circuit diagram as a function of the respective sample and compare it with the measured frequency changes and thus determine the conductivity of the sample.
• the grease composition is filtered before each measurement, preferably inert filter materials, in particular ceramics are used and the sample is degassed, preferably, the degassing of the sample can be carried out in an ultrasonic bath at elevated temperature. Thereafter, the respective sample can be filled into a test cell. The sample is heated gradually, preferably in a range between 0 and 150 ° C. Subsequently, the sample is preferably cooled in the same range between 150 and 0 ° C. The electrical conductivity is determined by means of the evaluation software.
• the sample vessel is filled with the sample at room temperature up to the ring mark.
• the sample cup is capped with a cork containing a pour point thermometer. Align the cork and thermometer so that the cork is firmly seated, the thermometer and sample cup coaxial, and that the thermometer cup is submerged until the beginning of the capillary is approximately 3 mm below the oil surface.
• the sample vessel is placed in the ethanol bath without a jacket vessel. For oils that are expected to have a pour point below -15 ° C, the sample is cooled down to 0 ° C in large increments. Thereafter, the sample is further cooled in 3 ° C increments. In these intervals, it is checked whether the oil is still flowable. It is tested up to the temperature at which no movement of the sample is observed after 5s in a horizontal position.
• the kinematic viscosities are carried out in accordance with the respective implementation in DIN 51562-1.
• the kinematic viscosities are determined at 40 ° C and 25 ° C.
• the calculation of the viscosity index is carried out according to a corresponding evaluation software, taking into account the kinematic viscosities at 40 and 25 ° C.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments 3 or 4, wherein the weight ratio of the polymer component to the thickener component is between 1:60 and 1: 2, preferably between 1:40 and 1: 3, in particular between 1:30 and 1: 5.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the relative proportion of the thickener component to the total composition is at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 35% by weight, most preferably more than 35% by weight.
• soap thickeners in particular simple metal soaps, complex soaps and / or mixed metal soaps
• non-soap thickeners in particular ureas
• clays in particular bentonite, montmorillonite or bauxite
• silicates silicates
• silicas talc
• polytetrafluoroethylene polytetrafluoroethylene
• metal salts pigments, graphite or mixtures thereof.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments 11 or 12, wherein the anions of the soap thickener are selected from the group consisting of: saturated C2 to C30 mono- or dicarboxylic acids, mono- or polyunsaturated C2 to C30 mono- or dicarboxylic acids, aromatic C5 to C30 mono - And dicarboxylic acids or a mixture of such carboxylic acids, preferably from the group consisting of saturated C2 to C20 mono- or dicarboxylic acids, mono- or polyunsaturated C2 to C20 mono- or dicarboxylic acids, aromatic C5 to C30 mono- and dicarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof, in particular preferably from the group consisting of stearic acid, sebacic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, adipic acid and azelaic acid, terephthalic acid or mixtures thereof.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the previous embodiments, wherein the consistency index (NLGI class) is in the range between 000 and 4, in particular 2.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the Walkpenetration in the range between 475 and 170 tenths of a millimeter, preferably in the range between 385 and 220, more preferably in the range between 295 and 265.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the electrical conductivity in the range between 10 -12 and 10 -3 S / cm, more preferably in the range between 10 -9 and 10 -3 S / cm, very particularly preferably in the range between 10 -7 and 10 -3 S / cm, in particular in the range between 10 -5 and 10 3 S / cm.
• Base oil for the preparation of a lubricant composition wherein it contains water and a polymer component defined according to one of the Au Replacementsformen 3 to 5 and 7 to 10, preferably consists thereof.
• Base oil according to one of the embodiments 19 or 20, wherein the base oil has a viscosity index of at least 120, preferably of at least 140, particularly preferably of at least 180.

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• 2017
  • 2017-07-21 EP EP17182700.9A patent/EP3431574A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2018
  • 2018-07-23 WO PCT/EP2018/069953 patent/WO2019016412A1/fr active Application Filing
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