EP3419034B1 - Micro-commutateur et système d'essai - Google Patents

Micro-commutateur et système d'essai Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3419034B1
EP3419034B1 EP18178178.2A EP18178178A EP3419034B1 EP 3419034 B1 EP3419034 B1 EP 3419034B1 EP 18178178 A EP18178178 A EP 18178178A EP 3419034 B1 EP3419034 B1 EP 3419034B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microswitch
piston
sleeve
contact pin
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18178178.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3419034A1 (fr
Inventor
Manuel Kagerhuber
Rainer Rothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Fixtest Pruefmittelbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Fixtest Pruefmittelbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH, Fixtest Pruefmittelbau GmbH filed Critical Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Priority to EP23204817.3A priority Critical patent/EP4307332A3/fr
Publication of EP3419034A1 publication Critical patent/EP3419034A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3419034B1 publication Critical patent/EP3419034B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H01H13/18—Operating parts, e.g. push-button adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/502—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position the action of the contact pressure spring becoming active only after engagement of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/28—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using compression or extension of coil springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/52—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force, e.g. bell-push switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/20—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microswitch and a testing system for testing the presence of components, for example a wiring harness.
  • a testing system for testing the wiring harness contains at least one component holder in which a microswitch is located.
  • the component receptacle is positioned on a construction board for the production of the wiring harness in such a way that a component whose presence and position is to be tested can be pushed into the component receptacle. This movement activates the microswitch. A signal generated in this way can then be evaluated and confirms that the component has been correctly installed on the cable harness.
  • the microswitch If the component is removed from the component holder, the microswitch returns to its original position. Over a period of several years of assembling similar wiring harnesses, the microswitch will undergo thousands of switching operations and will experience high levels of wear and tear.
  • micro switches for example the TS-32 from Salecom Electronics Co., Ltd. use contacting via a housing of the microswitch and a second switchable contact that interacts with a movable contact tip.
  • the switching point of the micro button is highly dependent on tolerances, so that the force applied to the component to be inserted and the distance traveled must be precisely measured in order to prevent incorrect switching. This is unfavorable in the manufacturing process.
  • Microswitches in general are known from the prior art. So revealed DE 20 2014 003 924 U1 a spring contact switching pin for testing a test object.
  • the utility model also describes DE 20 2009 012 411 U1 a switching spring contact pin, the utility model DE 20 2007 007 095 U1 a spring contact pin, in particular a switching pin, the utility model DE 295 06 688 U1 a switch with a switching bridge.
  • DE 198 08 060 A1 becomes a limit tester and in the disclosure document DE 36 09 127 A1 a pushbutton switch is described.
  • the patent specification DE 27 16 192 C2 discloses an electrical switch.
  • the US 2,166,803 A discloses a contact switching system.
  • the JP S51 140 473 U reveals a pressure switch.
  • the DE 20 2006 010569 U1 discloses a switching contact according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a microswitch and a test holder which have an increased service life with a small installation space and a defined switching point with the smallest possible tolerance field.
  • a microswitch according to the invention consists of a cylindrical sleeve in which a piston is mounted in an axially movable manner.
  • a contact pin is mounted axially movable within the piston.
  • the contact pin acts with two spaced apart in a bottom of the sleeve mutually attached mating contacts.
  • the movement of the contact pin is supported by two springs.
  • a return spring is arranged between the sleeve base and the piston and moves the piston into an initial position when the microswitch is not actuated.
  • a damping spring is arranged between the contact pin and an actuation cap of the piston and ensures that the contact pin is placed softly on the mating contacts.
  • the damping spring In order to dampen the movement of the contact pin just before it is placed on the mating contacts, the damping spring has a higher spring force than the return spring.
  • the microswitch can be constructed with a sturdy metal sleeve and still requires no insulation between the piston and the sleeve.
  • the two mating contacts also lead to a larger contact area and improved guidance of the contact pin. Thanks to the damping spring, the switching point can also be adjusted better and more tolerantly, since the electrical contact is maintained over a sufficiently long distance while the damping spring is compressed.
  • the contact pin has a contact tip, with both the contact tip of the contact pin and the mating contacts being conically shaped. It has been shown that around 500,000 switching cycles are possible with the microswitch according to the invention.
  • a first slope is introduced, which is located in the interior of the sleeve and opens to the bottom of the sleeve. This centers the piston in the sleeve and a damped stop occurs when the piston is returned to the starting position.
  • the sleeve, piston and contact pin are formed rotationally symmetrically along the axis of movement of the piston and contact pin.
  • a further improvement of the microswitch provides that a plastic holding plate is attached to the base of the sleeve, in which the mating contacts are embedded.
  • the holding plate insulates the mating contacts from the metal sleeve in a structurally simple manner.
  • the actuation cap is made of metal, so that in the event of thousands of contacts with a component that is pressed against the actuation cap, there is only minimal abrasion and no damage.
  • the Actuation cap pressed into the piston. A bearing surface of the actuation cap protrudes beyond a central cylinder, the central cylinder of the actuation cap having a larger diameter than an inner cylinder of the piston.
  • the sleeve provides a stop for the piston and the actuation cap, which prevents damage to the contacts (contact pin and mating contacts).
  • the contact tip should be made of a metal coated with precious metal, the contact pin can be made of plastic and the contact tip can be pressed into the contact pin. This enables easy assembly of the contact tip and good functionality is achieved at low costs thanks to the choice of material.
  • the sleeve is flanged on the sleeve base after the holding plate has been inserted, i.e. it is reshaped in such a way that the sleeve base and the holding plate are firmly connected.
  • the contact pin can be constantly aligned. This allows the contact pin to wobble slightly, which results in even contact, less friction and a more constant spring force.
  • the ball is advantageously made of non-conductive material, e.g. plastic or glass, in order to remain potential-free to the outside, even if the entire piston is made of metal.
  • the microswitch according to the invention described is installed in a test system according to the invention as follows:
  • the testing system includes a component holder that has a cavity in the shape of the component to be picked up.
  • the microswitch is inserted into this cavity.
  • An evaluation device of the test system is connected to the mating contacts of the microswitch connected and can thus evaluate the electrical signals generated by switching and verify the presence and correct positioning of the component.
  • a first microswitch 1 according to the invention Figure 1 consists of a cylindrical sleeve 2 with a narrowed and open neck, from which a piston 3 rises.
  • the piston 3 is also cylindrical and is arranged to be movable axially within the sleeve 2. There is only a small amount of play between sleeve 2 and piston 3.
  • the piston 3 can be pressed within the sleeve 2 in the direction of a sleeve base 21, then the piston 3 and sleeve 2 separate at a first slope 8 which opens towards the sleeve base 21 and which connects the neck of the sleeve 2 to a central, wide base body.
  • the first bevel 8 causes a centered and damped movement of the piston 3 in the sleeve 2 when the piston 3 is returned to the starting position due to the force of a return spring 6 arranged between the sleeve base 21 or a holding plate 10 attached to the sleeve base 21 and the piston 3 .
  • Figure 1 shows the piston 3 in the initial position in which there is an open electrical contact.
  • the piston 3 is made of plastic, for example POM, while the sleeve is made of, for example, nickel-plated brass.
  • the holding plate 10 is also made of plastic, for example PEEK.
  • the return spring 6 is a helical spring, is formed from stainless steel and has a diameter that is slightly smaller than the diameter of the piston 3. Within the circumference of the return spring 6, two mating contacts 51, 52 and a contact pin 4 are arranged in the holding plate 10.
  • the contact pin 4 acts centrally between the two mating contacts 51, 52, with a contact tip 11 being pressed into the contact pin 4, which - like the mating contacts 51, 52 - are conical in shape towards the later contact point. This results in a relatively large area of contact across the conical surfaces of the contact tip 11 and the mating contacts 51, 52.
  • the mating contacts 51, 52 and the contact tip 11 are, for example, gold-plated brass contacts.
  • the contact pin 4 is made of plastic.
  • the contact pin 4 is also arranged axially movable within the piston 3. However, this mobility only becomes relevant if the contact tip 11 is already in contact with the mating contacts 51, 52 and when the piston 3 moves further in the direction of the sleeve base 21, the contact pin 4 does not move in the same way, but rather a relative movement to the piston 3 opposite to the direction of movement of the Piston 3 executes. This ensures that the contact tip 11 is placed softly on the mating contacts 51, 52 and their wear is reduced. This also results in a better defined landing point.
  • the actuation cap 31 moves together with the piston 3.
  • the damping spring 7 is a coil spring made of stainless steel with a diameter smaller than the diameter of an inner cylinder of the piston 3, in which the contact pin 4 can move axially.
  • the play between the inner cylinder of the piston 3 and the contact pin 4 is small, with a second slope 9, which opens to the actuating cap 31, centering the movement of the contact pin 4 and ensuring a soft stop of the contact pin 4 within the piston 3.
  • the spring force of the damping spring 7 is greater than the spring force of the return spring 6, so that when the actuating cap 31 is pressed, the piston 3 and contact pin 4 are first moved in synchronization against the force of the return spring 6 and only later, when the contact tip 11 is seated, the damping spring 7 is compressed.
  • Another stop is due to the shape of the actuating cap 31 and piston 3.
  • An edge of the actuation cap 31 projects laterally (i.e. perpendicular to the axis of the piston) over a central cylinder of the actuation cap 31 and beyond the piston 3. This means that the edge of the actuation cap 31 will rest on the neck of the sleeve 2 when the actuation cap 31 is actuated if the piston 3 is pressed far enough into the sleeve 2.
  • the stop thus prevents mechanical damage to the microswitch 1.
  • the switching point of the microswitch 1 can be reached after just 0.80...1.10 mm. The electrical contact is maintained until the maximum actuation distance of approximately 2.7 mm has been passed.
  • FIG. 2 An alternative second microswitch 1 according to the invention is through Figure 2 shown.
  • the basic structure corresponds to that of the first microswitch 1 Figure 1 .
  • the contact pin 4 this time made of gold-plated brass, is placed directly on the mating contacts 51, 52.
  • the shape of the mating contacts 51, 52 and a tip of the contact pin 4 are also conical, but more rounded and less tapered than after Figure 1 .
  • the mating contacts 51, 52 embedded in the holding plate 10 are each connected to a cable 14, with insulation in the form of a shrink tube being placed over the part of the mating contacts 51, 52 that protrudes from the sleeve base 21 and the cable 14.
  • the contact pin 4 has a notch on the side facing the damping spring 7.
  • the contact pin 4 electrically connects the two mating contacts 51, 52, so that a current flow can be measured, which indicates that the microswitch 1 has been actuated, i.e. the actuation cap 31, which is robustly made of a metal, at least until pressed to the switching point.
  • a test system according to the invention using a microswitch 1 according to Figure 1 or 2 is in Figure 3 shown.
  • the microswitch 1 is fitted in a cavity 41 of a component holder 40 of the testing system.
  • the cavity 41 is shaped in such a way that it corresponds to the shape of a component to be picked up and thus tested for presence and correct position. If the component is pressed into the component holder 40, the microswitch 1 is also actuated and a signal is generated by connecting the mating contacts 51, 52 via the contact tip 4 or the contact pin 4.
  • the counter contacts 51, 52 are connected to an evaluation device 42, which can thus detect a correctly assembled component.
  • the evaluation device 42 is usually connected to several microswitches 1 in several component receptacles 40 and can therefore test an entire wiring harness with parallel tests.

Landscapes

  • Measuring Leads Or Probes (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Un microrupteur (1) comprenant
    - un manchon cylindrique (2) en métal,
    - un piston (3) monté mobile axialement à l'intérieur du manchon (2),
    - une broche de contact (4) montée mobile axialement à l'intérieur du piston (3),
    - deux contre-contacts (51, 52) fixés à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre dans un fond (21) de la manchon (2),
    - d'un ressort de rappel (6) entre le fond du manchon(21) et le piston (3), qui déplace le piston (3) dans une position initiale lorsque le microrupteur (1) n'est pas actionné,
    - un ressort d'amortissement (7), qui est disposé entre la broche de contact (4) et un capuchon d'actionnement (31) du piston (3) et qui favorise un appui souple de la broche de contact (4) sur les contacts complémentaires (51, 52), caractérisé en ce que
    - le ressort d'amortissement (7) a une force de ressort plus élevée que le ressort de rappel (6) ; et que
    - la broche de contact (4) présente une pointe de contact (11), la pointe de contact (11) et les contre-contacts (51, 52) étant de forme conique.
  2. Microrupteur (1) selon la revendication 1, avec
    - un premier biseau (8) du manchon (2) qui s'ouvre vers le fond du manchon (21).
  3. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant
    - un deuxième biseau (9) dans un cylindre intérieur du piston (3), qui s'ouvre vers le capuchon d'actionnement (31).
  4. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec
    - une plaque de maintien (10) en matière plastique fixée au fond du manchon (21), dans laquelle sont encastrés les contre-contacts (51, 52).
  5. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
    le capuchon d'actionnement (31) est en métal.
  6. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
    le piston (3) est en matière plastique et le capuchon d'actionnement (31) est pressé dans le piston (3).
  7. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
    le capuchon d'actionnement (31) dépasse latéralement du piston (3), le piston (3) dépasse axialement du manchon(2) et ainsi le manchon (2) fournit une butée axiale pour le piston (2) par butée du capuchon d'actionnement (31).
  8. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, avec
    la pointe de contact (11), qui est insérée dans la broche de contact (4) en face des contacts complémentaires (51, 52).
  9. Microrupteur (1) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel
    la pointe de contact (11) est constituée d'un métal revêtu d'un métal précieux, la broche de contact (4) est constituée d'une matière plastique et la pointe de contact (11) est insérée à force dans la broche de contact (4).
  10. Microrupteur (1) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel
    le manchon(2) est rabattue au niveau du fond du manchon (21) après l'insertion de la plaque de maintien (10).
  11. Microrupteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant
    une bille (12) disposée entre le ressort d'amortissement (7) et la broche de contact (4).
  12. Système de contrôle avec,
    - un logement de composant (40) qui présente une cavité(41) sous la forme d'un composant à loger,
    - un microrupteur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, qui est disposé à l'intérieur de la cavité (41),
    - d'un dispositif d'évaluation (42) qui est relié aux contre-contacts (51, 52) du microcontact (1).
EP18178178.2A 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Micro-commutateur et système d'essai Active EP3419034B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23204817.3A EP4307332A3 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Microrupteur et système de test

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017113416.6A DE102017113416B3 (de) 2017-06-19 2017-06-19 Mikroschalter und prüfsystem

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23204817.3A Division EP4307332A3 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Microrupteur et système de test
EP23204817.3A Division-Into EP4307332A3 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Microrupteur et système de test

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3419034A1 EP3419034A1 (fr) 2018-12-26
EP3419034B1 true EP3419034B1 (fr) 2024-01-17

Family

ID=62164382

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18178178.2A Active EP3419034B1 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Micro-commutateur et système d'essai
EP23204817.3A Pending EP4307332A3 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Microrupteur et système de test

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23204817.3A Pending EP4307332A3 (fr) 2017-06-19 2018-06-18 Microrupteur et système de test

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3419034B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109148193A (fr)
DE (1) DE102017113416B3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111006090B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2022-03-08 河海大学常州校区 一种高能管道防甩击装置
EP3926653A1 (fr) * 2020-06-15 2021-12-22 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Système de réduction de rebond de contact
DE102020116718A1 (de) 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Befehls- und Meldegerät
EP4063070B1 (fr) * 2021-03-26 2024-01-10 RTX Corporation Monture d'usinage et methode d'utilisation associée

Citations (2)

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DE1963170A1 (de) * 1969-12-17 1971-06-24 Schanzenbach & Co Gmbh G Elektrischer Schalter
DE202006010569U1 (de) * 2006-07-06 2006-08-31 Feinmetall Gmbh Schaltkontaktstift

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AT356204B (de) * 1974-03-12 1980-04-10 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Einrichtung zum betaetigen eines an einem schalter, insbesondere an einem alarmschalter axial verschiebbaren schaltstueckes
JPS51140473U (fr) * 1975-05-05 1976-11-12
GB1573108A (en) 1976-04-14 1980-08-13 Lucas Industries Ltd Electrical switch
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DE29506688U1 (de) 1995-04-20 1995-06-14 Priesemuth, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing., 83512 Wasserburg Schalter mit einer Schaltbrücke
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CN103066442B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-10-21 重庆富士特电控有限公司 采用面接触的插头插座
DE102013222084B3 (de) * 2013-10-30 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung mit einem elektrischen Kontakt und einem beweglich angeordneten Stift
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1963170A1 (de) * 1969-12-17 1971-06-24 Schanzenbach & Co Gmbh G Elektrischer Schalter
DE202006010569U1 (de) * 2006-07-06 2006-08-31 Feinmetall Gmbh Schaltkontaktstift

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109148193A (zh) 2019-01-04
EP3419034A1 (fr) 2018-12-26
EP4307332A3 (fr) 2024-04-03
EP4307332A2 (fr) 2024-01-17
DE102017113416B3 (de) 2018-06-07

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