EP3394449B1 - Système de compresseurs de réfrigérant - Google Patents

Système de compresseurs de réfrigérant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3394449B1
EP3394449B1 EP16823266.8A EP16823266A EP3394449B1 EP 3394449 B1 EP3394449 B1 EP 3394449B1 EP 16823266 A EP16823266 A EP 16823266A EP 3394449 B1 EP3394449 B1 EP 3394449B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
compressors
refrigerant compressor
accordance
level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16823266.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3394449A2 (fr
Inventor
Christian Scharer
Thomas Varga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3394449A2 publication Critical patent/EP3394449A2/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/021—Control systems for the circulation of the lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/70—Use of multiplicity of similar components; Modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/809—Lubricant sump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/025—Lubrication; Lubricant separation using a lubricant pump

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigerant compressor system comprising at least three compressors arranged in parallel between an intake line and a pressure line, each of which has a lubricant sump unit.
  • document US 2014/241926 shows a refrigerant compressor system, each of the compressors of the system having a lubricant sump unit with a connection to which an insert element is connected, which on the one hand establishes a connection to the lubricant line system and on the other hand is designed in such a way that it specifies a lubricant level level for the respective lubricant sump unit, from which a lubricant transport he follows.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention is to be seen in the fact that with it there is the possibility of ensuring a sufficient supply of all lubricant sump units with lubricant due to the pressure cascade that occurs in the cascade sequence, whereby the specified lubricant level ensures that in the individual lubricant sump units there is a sufficient amount of lubricant.
  • each insert element has an orifice of a lubricant channel leading to the lubricant line system, which is located in the direction of gravity above the respective predetermined lubricant level, so that when the amount of lubricant in the respective lubricant sump unit exceeds the specified lubricant level, the lubricant via the orifice and the lubricant channel can enter the lubricant line system in order to flow to the lubricant sump unit next in the cascade order.
  • the lubricant sump unit is to be designed in such a way that this lubricant is supplied from another lubricant sump unit if the insert elements of the compressors located in the cascade sequence between two compressors have an orifice opening in the direction of gravity below the specified level of the lubricant level and leading to the lubricant line system Have lubricant channel, wherein via this lubricant channel and this mouth opening there is the possibility of supplying the corresponding lubricant sump unit with lubricant which comes from a lubricant sump unit preceding in the cascade sequence.
  • the mouth opening above the specified lubricant level in the direction of gravity and the mouth opening below the specified lubricant level in the direction of gravity are spaced apart in the direction parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • a sensor is provided, for example, with which the lubricant level can be detected.
  • each insert element has a visualization unit for making the lubricant level of the respective lubricant sump unit visible.
  • the visualization unit is designed, for example, in such a way that it provides an image showing the lubricant level, which image is generated, for example, by electronic or optical imaging.
  • the visualization unit comprises a sight glass adjoining a lubricant bath of the respective lubricant sump unit that extends into the insert element, in which the lubricant level can be seen.
  • each insert element has a visualization unit for making a lubricant flow to a further lubricant sump unit visible.
  • the visualization unit comprises a sight glass which shows a flow of lubricant to the lubricant line system.
  • the lubricant line system could be designed such that it comprises a lubricant line with branches leading to each of the insert elements.
  • the lubricant line system comprises connecting lines connecting successive insert elements in the cascade sequence, so that each of the connecting lines only connects two successive insert elements to one another.
  • the connecting line connects a lubricant channel of the one insert element having one of the mouth openings with a lubricant channel of the other insert element having one of the mouth openings.
  • the connecting line has a connection between the lubricant channel with one above the specified lubricant level in the direction of gravity
  • the orifice opening at the specified lubricant level level and the lubricant channel with an orifice opening below the respective specified lubricant level level so that the inflow to the respective lubricant bath takes place via the orifice opening below the respective specified lubricant level level and an outflow from the respective lubricant bath through the above the specified lubricant level level lying mouth opening takes place, which has the particular consequence that in the Transfer of lubricant from one lubricant sump unit to the other lubricant sump unit results in the least possible turbulence of this lubricant.
  • the pressure level in the respective lubricant sump unit of the respective compressor is determined by the design of the suction line.
  • an expedient design of the compressors provides that they are designed such that the pressure in the respective lubricant sump unit is correlated with the suction pressure of the respective compressor.
  • connection to which the insert element is connected is a standard connection for detecting the lubricant level.
  • the suction line system is designed in such a way that a first compressor in the cascade sequence is supplied with the largest amount of lubricant from the suction line system, that is, the suction line system is designed so that lubricant deposited in it is in the first compressor in the cascade order occurs.
  • the suction line system is designed in such a way that the compressors following the first compressor in the cascade sequence receive smaller quantities of lubricant from the suction line system.
  • the suction line system is designed such that the compressors following one another in the cascade sequence receive smaller amounts of lubricant from the suction line system in accordance with their position in the cascade sequence.
  • the refrigerant compressor system has a controller for the individual compressors which, when individual compressors are switched off, ensures that the compressors that are still working are always arranged next to one another in the cascade sequence.
  • a refrigerant compressor system 10 shown as a whole comprises a plurality, for example four, compressors 12a to 12d, which are arranged in parallel between a common suction line 14 and a common pressure line 16 and in the Operate in parallel, with individual suction lines 22a to 22d leading from the common suction line 14 to the individual compressors 12a to 12d, which together with the suction line 14 form an suction line system 20.
  • individual pressure lines 24a to 24d lead from the compressors 12a to 12d to the common pressure line 16.
  • the compressors 12a to 12d are preferably constructed identically, each of these compressors 12 having an outer housing 32 in which a compressor unit 34, for example in the form of a scroll compressor unit with two interlocking spiral bodies 36 and 38, is provided, for example the spiral body 36 being stationary in the Outer housing 32 is arranged while the spiral body 38 is driven orbiting.
  • a compressor unit 34 for example in the form of a scroll compressor unit with two interlocking spiral bodies 36 and 38, is provided, for example the spiral body 36 being stationary in the Outer housing 32 is arranged while the spiral body 38 is driven orbiting.
  • a drive motor designated as a whole with 42 is provided in the outer housing 32, which drives the spiral body 38 via an eccentric drive 44.
  • the drive motor 42 designed as an electric motor, comprises a stator 46 and a rotor 48, which is seated on a drive shaft 52, which in turn is rotatably supported relative to the outer housing 32 in bearing units 54 and 56 about a drive shaft axis 58.
  • the drive shaft 52 is provided with a lubricant channel 62, for example, which runs at a small angle to the drive shaft axis 58 from a first drive shaft end 64 to a second drive shaft end 66, the second drive shaft end 66 being assigned to the eccentric drive 44 and consequently a lubrication of the Eccentric drive 44 takes place.
  • a lubricant channel 62 for example, which runs at a small angle to the drive shaft axis 58 from a first drive shaft end 64 to a second drive shaft end 66, the second drive shaft end 66 being assigned to the eccentric drive 44 and consequently a lubrication of the Eccentric drive 44 takes place.
  • the first drive shaft end 64 faces a lubricant sump unit designated as a whole as 72, which is formed in an area of the outer housing 32 that is low in the direction of gravity, in the present case a compressor with an essentially vertical drive shaft axis 58, by a shell-shaped bottom body 74 of the outer housing 32, wherein a lubricant bath 76 is formed in the base body 74, which extends up to a bath surface 78 which is preferably still within the base body 74 and whose position in the direction of gravity shows the lubricant level.
  • the base body 74 in particular represents an end-side closure of a cylindrical jacket body 82 of the outer housing 32, which is closed on the side opposite the base body 74 by a cover body 84.
  • a suction nozzle 86 extends from the first drive shaft end 64 of the drive shaft 52 into the lubricant bath 76, so that it is able to take up lubricant below the bath surface 78 of the lubricant bath 76 and to the lubricant channel 62, in particular the pumping action of the lubricant when the drive shaft 52 rotates through the lubricant channel 62 running obliquely to the drive shaft axis 58 and the centrifugal forces occurring as a result.
  • the outer housing 32 is preferably provided with a suction connection 92 in the area between the compressor unit 34 and the lubricant sump unit 72, which is connected to the corresponding individual suction line 22.
  • the refrigerant entering the outer housing 32 through this suction connection 92 which also carries lubricant, enters a suction space 94 surrounding the drive motor 42, and flows with simultaneous cooling of the drive motor 42 in the direction of the compressor unit 34, with the suction space 94 within the Outer housing 32 a separation of lubricant takes place, which then flows in the direction of gravity to the lubricant sump unit 72 and collects in the lubricant bath 76.
  • the lubricant content of the refrigerant entering the compressor unit 34 is thus significantly reduced and the lubricant is available for the lubrication of the compressor unit 34, in particular the eccentric drive 44, after reaching the lubricant bath 76.
  • the refrigerant compressed in the compressor unit 34 then exits into a pressure chamber 96 located close to the cover body 84 or adjoining it, from which it then passes via the respective individual pressure line 24 into the common pressure line 16.
  • the lubricant Due to the separation of the lubricant from the refrigerant flow in the suction chamber 94, which is above the lubricant bath 76, the lubricant is present in the lubricant sump unit 72 at a pressure which corresponds to the suction pressure PS of the refrigerant present at the suction connection 92 and also essentially the suction pressure of the corresponds to the compressor unit 34 sucked in refrigerant.
  • connection 102 which usually represents a standard connection for a sight glass for detecting the lubricant level, in which in the present exemplary embodiment an insert element designated as a whole with 104 is inserted, which is described in detail below .
  • connection 102 is arranged on the outer housing 32 in such a way that it adjoins the lubricant bath 76 and, in particular, the connection 102 extends on both sides of the bath surface 78 at a predetermined lubricant level.
  • each of these insert elements 104a to 104d of the respective compressor 12a to 12d establishes a connection to a lubricant line system designated as a whole with 112, which in each case comprises connecting lines 114 1 , 114 2 , 114 3 running between two insert elements 104 Refrigerant compressor system 10 with a total of four compressors 12a to 12d, the connecting line 114 1 , which connects insert elements 104a and 104b, the connecting line 114 2 , the insert elements 104b and 104c and the connecting line 114 3 , which connects insert elements 104c and 104d.
  • the lubricant line system 112 with the connecting lines 114 1 , 114 2 and 114 3 together with the insert elements 104a, 104b, 104c and 104d represent an overall network system between the individual lubricant sump units 72 of the individual compressors 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d in order to achieve a sufficient To achieve distribution of the lubricant over the various lubricant sump units 72, as will be described in detail below.
  • the common suction line 14 with the individual suction lines 22a to 22d opening into it is designed so that one of the compressors 12, for example the compressor 12a, has a suction pressure PSa within the outer housing 32 that is greater than the suction pressure PSb in the compressor 12b, which in turn is greater than the suction pressure PSc in the compressor 12c, this suction pressure PSc in turn being greater than the suction pressure PSd in the compressor 12d.
  • suction pressures PSa, PSb, PSc and PSd also correspond to the respective pressure in the respective lubricant sump unit 72a, 72b, 72c, 72d, the lubricant in the respective lubricant sump units 72a, 72b, 72c and 72d is under a different pressure ( Fig. 4 ).
  • the pressures PSa, PSb, PSc and PSd thus form a total of a pressure cascade DK of lower pressures in each step, with a cascade sequence KR which extends from the lubricant sump unit 72a to the lubricant sump unit 72d.
  • the pressure PSa is in the order of magnitude of one or a few tenths of a bar greater than the pressure PSb and this is in turn one or a few tenths of a bar greater than the pressure PSc and the pressure PSc is also in turn one or a few tenths of a bar greater than the pressure PSd, as in Fig. 4 shown, so that the pressure cascade DK arises, in which in a cascade direction KR the pressure gradually decreases from the one lubricant sump unit 72 to the next lubricant sump unit 72 in the cascade sequence KR.
  • the highest pressure level PSa in the compressor 12a and thus in the lubricant sump unit 72a can be achieved in that, in the case of a suction line 14 with a constant cross section, from which the compressors 12 suction refrigerant one after the other, it is the last compressor to suck in refrigerant, so that the flow speed of the refrigerant in suction line 14 is the smallest at the transition to individual suction line 22a, while, for example, first compressor 12d with individual suction line 22d sucks in refrigerant from the common suction line 14 from the area with maximum flow velocity, since the refrigerant sucked in by other compressors 12c, 12b and 12a also flows through the suction line 14 in the area of the confluence of the individual suction line 22d, so that the lowest pressure of the flowing refrigerant is present in this area.
  • the common suction line 14 with the individual suction lines 22a to 22d is designed so that the compressor 12a, which in the pressure cascade DK has the highest pressure in the lubricant sump unit 72, is the lead compressor which receives the largest amount of lubricant from the common suction line 14, while the compressors 12b, 12c and 12d closest in each case in the cascade direction KR receive successively less lubricant from the intake line 14, so that the last lubricant sump unit 72d receives the least amount of lubricant.
  • each of the insert elements 104 comprises a housing body 122, which is provided at a first end 124 with a connector 126 which can be connected to the connection 102, for example by means of a union nut 128.
  • an interior space 132 is provided within the housing body 122, which extends from a lubricant bath opening 134 facing the connection 102 and communicating with the lubricant bath 76 to the mouth openings 136 and 138 of lubricant channels 142 and 144 opposite this lubricant bath opening 134, the lubricant channels 142, 144 each lead to connections 146 and 148 for the connecting lines 114.
  • the interior 132 is also provided with a lateral opening 152, which is closed with a sight glass 154 to visualize a lubricant level, described in detail below, of the lubricant bath 76 extending into the interior 132, so that the sight glass 154 can see into the interior 132, preferably over its entire cross section in the vertical direction.
  • the insert elements 104 are connected to the respective lubricant sump unit 72 in such a way that the mouth openings 136 and 138 and thus also the connections 146 and 148 are arranged one above the other at a distance in the direction of gravity.
  • a small amount of lubricant introduced into the respective compressor 12 to a lubricant bath 76 ', the lubricant level indicating bath surface 78' is located in the direction of gravity below the connection 102, so that no lubricant can enter the interior 132 of the insert element 104.
  • the bath surface 78 ′ ′′ of the lubricant bath 76 ′ ′′ is so high that it lies above the mouth opening 138 and can also be clearly seen in the sight glass 154.
  • Fig. 11 Another increase in the amount of lubricant, shown in Fig. 11 As shown in the case of the lubricant sump unit 72 ′′ ′′, the bath surface 78 ′′ ′′ of the lubricant bath 76 ′′ ′′ can also be seen in the sight glass 154 and lubricant can also enter the mouth opening 136.
  • the position of the orifice 136 of the lubricant channel 142 defines the specified lubricant level from which lubricant can be passed on from the lubricant bath 76 "" to the next lubricant sump unit 72.
  • the connecting line 114 1 is connected to the connection 146 which is assigned to the first opening 136, then lubricant enters the connecting line 114 1 when the bath surface 78 ′′ ′′ lies above the opening 136, as in FIG Fig. 11 shown.
  • This lubricant then flows through the connecting line 114 1 to the next following insert element 104b, the connecting line 114 1 being connected to the connection 148 of the insert element 104b, which is located below the connection 146 in the direction of gravity.
  • the pressure difference means that lubricant passes from the lubricant sump unit 72a into the lubricant sump unit 72b as long as the bath surface 78 ′′ ′′ is not below the mouth opening 136, but is always so high that lubricant enters the mouth opening 136 and thus can also enter the connecting line 114 1 .
  • the lubricant bath 76 of the lubricant sump unit 72 will also have a bath surface 78 "" which is so high that lubricant can enter the opening 136 in the insert element 104b and can thus be guided from the connecting line 114 2 to the insert element 104c, also in such a way that the lubricant enters the lubricant bath 76 of the lubricant sump unit 72c via the mouth opening 138.
  • the lubricant bath 76 is filled until the bath surface 78 is also high enough for lubricant to enter the mouth opening 136 of the insert element 104c and to be fed to the insert element 104d by means of the lubricant line 114 3 .
  • the first insert element 104a and the last insert element 104d in the cascade sequence KR are designed in such a way that the mouth opening 138, the lubricant channel 144 and the connection 148 are either not present or closed, since in these only the mouth opening 136 , the lubricant channel 142 and the connection 146 is necessary, because with the last lubricant sump unit 72d in the cascade sequence KR it is irrelevant whether the supplied lubricant enters the lubricant bath 76 via the orifice 136 or the orifice 138.
  • a compressor control 162 is provided to control the individual compressors 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d of the refrigerant compression system 10, which ensures that when individual compressors 12 are switched off, the remaining working compressors 12 are next to each other in the cascade sequence KR, so that always there is the possibility of transferring lubricant from a lubricant sump unit 72 located in the pressure cascade DK at a higher pressure level to a lubricant sump unit 72 closest in the cascade sequence KR, so that the working compressors are always supplied with sufficient lubricant.
  • the compressor control 162 works in such a way that when individual compressors 12 are switched off, the switch-off takes place in the opposite direction to the cascade direction KR, so that, for example, when one compressor is switched off, the compressor 12d is switched off and when another compressor is switched off, the Compressor 12c and so on, so that the lead compressor 12a is always the last compressor still running and the excess lubricant in the lubricant sump unit 72a of this lead compressor 12a is still transferred to the other compressors 12 following in the cascade sequence KR.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant (10), comprenant au moins trois compresseurs (12) disposés parallèlement entre une conduite d'aspiration (14) et une conduite de pression (16), chacun d'entre eux comprenant une unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72), chaque unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) comportant un raccordement (102) auquel est relié un élément d'insert (102), qui crée d'une part une liaison à un système de conduites de lubrifiant (112) et est d'autre part ainsi conçu qu'il prescrit à chaque unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) un niveau de lubrifiant à partir duquel un transport de lubrifiant s'effectue,
    caractérisée en ce que les compresseurs (12) fonctionnent en service de sorte que les pressions respectives dans les unités de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respectives des compresseurs (12) respectifs donnent une cascade de pression (DK) selon laquelle les compresseurs (12) dans un ordre en cascade (KR) défini présentent une pression devenant progressivement légèrement plus faible dans l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective, en ce que les unités de puisard de lubrifiant (72) sont reliées entre elles en suivant l'ordre en cascade (KR) pour le transport du lubrifiant au moyen de l'élément d'insert (104) avec le système de conduites de lubrifiant (112) de sorte que le transport de lubrifiant de chaque unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) jusqu'à l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) suivante dans l'ordre en cascade (KR) s'effectue.
  2. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque élément d'insert (104) comporte une ouverture d'embouchure (136) d'un canal de lubrifiant (142) conduisant au système de conduites de lubrifiant (112), cette ouverture d'embouchure (136) se trouvant au-dessus du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit respectif dans la direction de la gravité.
  3. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments d'insert (104) des compresseurs (12) se trouvant dans l'ordre en cascade (KR) entre respectivement deux compresseurs (12) comportent une ouverture d'embouchure (138) d'un canal de lubrifiant (144) conduisant au système de conduites de lubrifiant (112), cette ouverture d'embouchure (138) se trouvant en dessous du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit dans la direction de la gravité.
  4. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture d'embouchure (136) qui se trouve au-dessus du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit dans la direction de la gravité et l'ouverture d'embouchure (138) qui se trouve en dessous du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit dans la direction de la gravité sont disposées à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre parallèlement à la direction de la gravité.
  5. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque élément d'insert (104) comporte une unité de visualisation (152, 154) pour rendre visible l'état du lubrifiant dans l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective.
  6. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de visualisation (152, 154) comprend une vitre (154) adjacente à un bain de lubrifiant (76) de l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective, lequel bain de lubrifiant (76) s'étend dans l'élément d'insert (104), un état du lubrifiant étant identifiable dans la vitre (154) .
  7. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque élément d'insert (104) comporte une unité de visualisation (152, 154) pour rendre visible un flux de lubrifiant vers une autre unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72).
  8. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de visualisation (152, 154) comprend une vitre (154) qui permet d'identifier un flux de lubrifiant vers le système de conduites de lubrifiant (112).
  9. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le système de conduites de lubrifiant (112) comprend des conduites de liaison (114) reliant des éléments d'insert (104) se succédant respectivement dans l'ordre en cascade (KR), et en ce que la conduite de liaison (114) relie notamment respectivement un canal de lubrifiant (142, 144) d'un élément d'insert (104), comportant l'une des ouvertures d'embouchure (136, 138), à un canal de lubrifiant (142, 144) de l'autre élément d'insert (104), comportant l'une des ouvertures d'embouchure (136, 138).
  10. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la conduite de liaison (114) créé une liaison entre le canal de lubrifiant (142) ayant l'ouverture d'embouchure (136) qui se trouve au-dessus du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit dans la direction de la gravité et le canal de lubrifiant (144) ayant l'ouverture d'embouchure (138) qui se trouve en dessous du niveau de lubrifiant prescrit respectif dans la direction de la gravité.
  11. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) est conçu de sorte que le niveau de pression dans l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective du compresseur (12) respectif est fixé, et en ce que les compresseurs (12) sont notamment conçus de sorte que la pression dans l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective est corrélée à la pression d'aspiration du compresseur (12) respectif, et en ce que la pression dans l'unité de puisard de lubrifiant (72) respective correspond notamment à la pression d'aspiration du compresseur (12) respectif.
  12. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le raccordement (102) auquel est relié l'élément d'insert (104) est un raccordement standard (102) pour une vitre pour déterminer l'état du lubrifiant.
  13. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) est conçu de sorte qu'un premier compresseur (12) dans l'ordre en cascade (KR) est alimenté par le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) avec la majeure partie de la quantité de lubrifiant, et en ce que le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) est notamment conçu de sorte que les compresseurs (12) suivant le premier compresseur (12a) dans l'ordre en cascade (KR) reçoivent des quantités de lubrifiant plus faibles depuis le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22).
  14. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) est conçu de sorte que les compresseurs (12) se succédant dans l'ordre en cascade (KR) reçoivent respectivement des quantités plus faibles de lubrifiant depuis le système de conduites d'aspiration (14, 22) conformément à leur position dans l'ordre en cascade (KR).
  15. Installation de compresseurs de réfrigérant selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que celui-ci comprend une commande (162) pour les compresseurs (12) individuels, qui garantit lors de l'arrêt des compresseurs (12) individuels que les compresseurs (12) qui fonctionnent encore sont toujours disposés les uns à côté des autres dans l'ordre en cascade (KR).
EP16823266.8A 2015-12-21 2016-12-20 Système de compresseurs de réfrigérant Active EP3394449B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015122443.7A DE102015122443B4 (de) 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Kältemittelverdichteranlage
PCT/EP2016/081957 WO2017108812A2 (fr) 2015-12-21 2016-12-20 Système de compresseurs de réfrigérant

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EP3394449B1 true EP3394449B1 (fr) 2021-02-03

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EP (1) EP3394449B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108291545B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015122443B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017108812A2 (fr)

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CN109973392B (zh) * 2017-12-28 2024-09-27 谷轮环境科技（苏州）有限公司 用于压缩机系统的进气管道及压缩机系统
US11460224B2 (en) * 2018-10-31 2022-10-04 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Oil control for climate-control system

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US3140041A (en) 1961-01-09 1964-07-07 Kramer Trenton Co Means for controlling lubrication of hermetic compressors
DE1215182B (de) 1961-06-16 1966-04-28 Worthington Corp Mehrkompressoranlage fuer Kuehlanlagen
JPH0765583B2 (ja) 1988-12-17 1995-07-19 ダイキン工業株式会社 スクロール形圧縮機
JP2780561B2 (ja) 1992-03-26 1998-07-30 ダイキン工業株式会社 連結形圧縮装置の運転制御方法
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JP2001132645A (ja) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-18 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd 複数圧縮機の均油システム
FR2991733B1 (fr) 2012-06-12 2016-09-02 Danfoss Commercial Compressors Dispositif de compression et systeme thermodynamique comprenant un tel dispositif de compression
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US10634137B2 (en) * 2012-07-31 2020-04-28 Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau Gmbh Suction header arrangement for oil management in multiple-compressor systems
CN103851830B (zh) 2012-12-03 2016-08-17 丹佛斯（天津）有限公司 油平衡装置和制冷设备
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EP3394449A2 (fr) 2018-10-31
US20180298905A1 (en) 2018-10-18
WO2017108812A3 (fr) 2017-10-26
US10968913B2 (en) 2021-04-06
WO2017108812A2 (fr) 2017-06-29
DE102015122443A1 (de) 2017-06-22
CN108291545B (zh) 2020-06-09
DE102015122443B4 (de) 2022-12-22
CN108291545A (zh) 2018-07-17

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