EP3376113B1 - Four à biomasse - Google Patents

Four à biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3376113B1
EP3376113B1 EP18161164.1A EP18161164A EP3376113B1 EP 3376113 B1 EP3376113 B1 EP 3376113B1 EP 18161164 A EP18161164 A EP 18161164A EP 3376113 B1 EP3376113 B1 EP 3376113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion gas
supply air
biomass furnace
combustion
collection region
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18161164.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3376113A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Stefan Riener
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/028—Arrangements combining combustion-air and flue-gas circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J13/00—Fittings for chimneys or flues 
    • F23J13/04—Joints; Connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2211/00—Flue gas duct systems
    • F23J2211/10—Balanced flues (combining air supply and flue gas exhaust)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2213/00—Chimneys or flues
    • F23J2213/20—Joints; Connections
    • F23J2213/203—Joints; Connections between stack/duct and combustion apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a biomass furnace.
  • heating devices so-called biomass ovens
  • biomass ovens which use biomass as fuel, e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like.
  • biomass ovens Such heating devices have a combustion chamber into which biomass is filled and in which the biomass is burned.
  • the combustion chamber requires outside air for the combustion process.
  • the supply air or combustion air can be taken from the surrounding room air.
  • a heating device is also referred to as a room air-dependent heating device.
  • the supply air can also be supplied from the outside via a chimney, for example.
  • Such heating devices, which do not take their supply air from the surrounding room, are also referred to as room air-independent heating devices.
  • the combustion process produces combustion gases that have to be removed from the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gas is passed through a chimney from the room in which the heating device is located.
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically a heating device 1 from the prior art, the room air is connected independently.
  • a chimney 2 carries both supply air and combustion gases. In a lower area of the heating device 1, this is connected via a connector 3 to an area of the chimney pipe 2 that carries supply air.
  • An arrow indicates that supply air is being introduced into the heating device, more precisely into the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gas is fed into the corresponding area of the chimney 2 via a connection piece 4.
  • An arrow indicates that combustion gas is directed from the heating device in the direction of the chimney in the upper connection.
  • US 2007/0101987 A1 shows a gas or gas and wood stove which is independent of the room air and which is connected at the top to a chimney which has a supply air and a combustion gas duct. The rising combustion gas is fed directly into the chimney. A control device allows a balance between the supply air inflow and the combustion gas outflow.
  • FR 2 675 886 A1 shows a smoke extraction device for a glass pane of a fireplace. There are separate chimneys for an air supply and a combustion gas discharge. The combustion gas rising in the combustion chamber is led directly upwards into the combustion gas discharge line.
  • US 6,209,535 B1 shows room air-dependent heating devices that can be operated with solid, liquid or gaseous fuels.
  • the connection to the chimney should be simplified while at the same time making good use of heat.
  • Another object is to reduce the installation space required for the heating device.
  • the present invention provides a biomass furnace according to claim 1 comprising a combustion chamber and a combustion gas collection area.
  • a chimney attachment is arranged above the combustion gas collection area.
  • the chimney top On its side facing away from the combustion gas collection area, the chimney top has a supply air connection and a combustion gas discharge line.
  • a biomass furnace according to the invention can be designed, for example, for the combustion of logs or pellets or wood chips.
  • the combustion chamber can comprise a combustion chamber door.
  • the combustion chamber door can be used to fill in the solid biomass.
  • the combustion chamber can be cleaned via the combustion chamber door.
  • the combustion process can be started via the combustion chamber door.
  • the pellet stove can comprise a pellet container, which can be part of the biomass stove.
  • the fuel can then be fed in automatically via a screw.
  • the biomass stove can also be a combination stove that can burn both pellets and logs.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be designed as a pipe section, as a chamber or the like.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be provided with heat conducting plates, ribs or the like in order to have an enlarged surface for radiating heat to provide.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be arranged above the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be arranged below the combustion chamber and protrude laterally below the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be arranged to the side of the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gas collection area can be designed as a soot separator or fly ash collector. A soot separator is known from chimneys. Soot and / or ash collect in a collection area.
  • the collecting area can be accessible through a cleaning opening.
  • the combustion gas discharge and the supply air connection can be connected directly to a chimney.
  • Fig. 1 shows, purely schematically, a biomass furnace 10 not according to the invention.
  • An outer cladding 12 of the biomass furnace 10 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the outer cladding 12 can serve an aesthetic design of the biomass furnace and offer a good heat distribution.
  • the biomass furnace 10 has a combustion chamber 14 which is symbolized schematically by a flame shown.
  • a combustion gas collecting area 16 is located above the combustion chamber 14. Combustion gas passes from the combustion chamber 14 into the combustion gas collecting area 16 through an indicated opening 18.
  • a chimney top 20 is arranged above the combustion gas collecting area 16. The chimney attachment 20 is connected to the combustion gas collecting area 16 via an indicated opening 22.
  • an inspection flap or an inspection cover 24 is indicated, which can optionally make it possible to clean and maintain the combustion gas collection area 16. If the combustion gas collecting area is designed as a soot separator, the soot or the fly ash can be removed via a correspondingly designed flap.
  • the chimney top 20 has a combustion gas discharge line 26 on its side facing away from the combustion gas collecting area 16. Separated from this combustion gas discharge line 26, the chimney top 20 has a supply air connection 28.
  • an air inlet connection 30 is indicated in the lower area of the combustion chamber 14.
  • the routing of the supply air from the supply air connection 28 of the chimney top 20 to the supply air nozzle 30 is indicated by an arrow 32.
  • the air supply can be implemented via a fixed pipe that is located inside the outer cladding 12. It is also conceivable to use a flexible tube, likewise guided within the outer cladding 12. In another embodiment, the outer cladding can be double-walled at least in some areas, and the supply air can be guided in this intermediate space.
  • Fig. 2a and 2 B show two similar embodiments in which the combustion gases are each led downwards.
  • the only difference between the reference numbers is a suffix .1 for the Figure 2b .
  • Fig. 2a shows a biomass furnace 40 according to a first embodiment.
  • the biomass furnace 40 comprises an outer cladding 42 and a combustion chamber 44, which in turn is symbolized by a flame symbol.
  • a combustion gas collecting area 46 is arranged above the combustion chamber 44.
  • the combustion gas collection area 46 can, as in FIG Fig. 2a shown, have a distance from the combustion chamber 44.
  • the combustion gas collection region 46 can directly adjoin the combustion chamber 44, similar to FIG Fig. 1 shown.
  • the combustion gas collection area 46 can be equipped with an inspection cover 54, which allows access to the combustion gas collection area 46 in order to carry out cleaning or maintenance work.
  • the inspection cover 54 can be passed through to the outer cladding or through the outer cladding 42.
  • the combustion gas collecting area 46 can also be designed as a soot separator and soot and / or fly ash can be removed via the correspondingly designed inspection cover 54.
  • the combustion gas collection area 46 is the combustion gas or the combustion gases are supplied from the combustion chamber 44.
  • the combustion gas routing is solved differently in the biomass furnace 40 according to the second embodiment than in the biomass furnace 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the combustion gas is first directed laterally away and downward via an indicated opening 48, then deflected and guided upward into the combustion gas collecting area 46.
  • This variant of the combustion gas flow is particularly suitable for stoves with an additional fan to support the flow of combustion gas, as is common with pellet stoves, for example.
  • the combustion gas can also be directed downwards on one side of the biomass furnace and upwards again on another side. It is also possible to conduct the combustion gases downwards and back up again in several separate channels.
  • combustion gas guide first down and then up is that on the way down, that is, in the direction of gravity, the flue gas is directed against the convection direction, which typically runs from bottom to top.
  • This type of combustion gas guidance can provide a long path for the combustion gas so that the combustion gas has sufficient time to give off heat. Consequently, in some exemplary embodiments, heat conducting plates, ribs or the like are also provided on the combustion gas guide in order to enlarge the heat radiation surface.
  • a chimney top 50 is arranged above the combustion gas collecting area 46.
  • the combustion gas collecting area 46 is connected to the chimney top 50 via an indicated opening 52. Combustion gases from the combustion gas collecting area 46 pass through the opening 52 into the chimney top 50.
  • the chimney top 50 has a combustion gas discharge line 56 on its side facing away from the combustion gas collecting space 46. The discharge of the combustion gas is indicated by an arrow.
  • the chimney top 50 also has a supply air connection 58 through which supply air can be fed to the biomass furnace 40.
  • the supply of the supply air is also indicated by an arrow.
  • the combustion chamber 44 has an air inlet connection 60 in its lower region.
  • the supply air duct 62 is only indicated by an arrow.
  • the air supply can be implemented by a fixed or a flexible pipe which can be guided inside the outer cladding 42.
  • FIG. 2b shows a biomass furnace 40.1 according to a second embodiment.
  • the biomass furnace 40.1 comprises an outer cladding 42.1 and a combustion chamber 44.1, which in turn is symbolized by a flame symbol.
  • a combustion gas collecting area 46.1 is partially arranged below the combustion chamber 44.1. In another embodiment, not shown, it can also be arranged next to the combustion chamber 44.1.
  • the combustion gas collecting area 46.1 can be designed as a soot separator and soot and fly ash can be removed via a correspondingly designed inspection cover 54.1.
  • combustion gas is guided from an upper area of the combustion chamber 44.1 into the combustion gas collecting area 46.1 arranged below.
  • the combustion gas is routed to the left of the combustion chamber. It should be understood that the combustion gases can also be directed downwards on another side or in several separate channels.
  • a chimney attachment 50.1 is arranged above the combustion gas collecting area 46.1.
  • the combustion gas collecting area 46.1 is connected to the chimney top 50.1 via an opening 52.1.
  • the chimney attachment 50.1 is arranged on an area of the combustion gas collecting area 46.1 protruding laterally below the combustion chamber 44.1.
  • a supply air duct 62.1 is very short in this arrangement; it is practically identical to a supply air connection 60.1 of the combustion chamber 44.1.
  • the chimney top 50.1 On its side facing away from the combustion gas collecting space 46.1, the chimney top 50.1 has a combustion gas discharge line 56.1 and an air inlet connection 58.1, which can be connected directly to a chimney.
  • an external chimney can be guided through an opening in the outer cladding 42.1 of the biomass furnace 40.1 into the biomass furnace 40.1.
  • the connection to the external chimney is made from above within the outer cladding 42.1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a biomass furnace 70 according to a further embodiment.
  • An outer cladding 72 is shown schematically, which encloses a combustion chamber (not shown), a combustion gas collecting area and a chimney top.
  • a combustion gas discharge line 76 has a substantially circular cross section.
  • a supply air connection 78 is arranged concentrically around the combustion gas discharge line 76.
  • the supply air connection 78 has an essentially annular cross section.
  • a supply air duct 82 is designed as a solid tube which is also covered with the outer lining.
  • the supply air duct 82 that corresponds to the supply air duct 32 in Fig. 1 and the supply air duct 62 in Fig. 2a , 2 B can correspond is connected to the outer concentric ring 78 of the supply air connection. In this way, supply air can flow out of the ring 78 into the supply air duct 82.
  • the dimensions of the combustion gas discharge line 76 and the supply air connection 78 can be adapted to an external chimney, so that both the combustion gas discharge line and the supply air connection can be connected to the chimney at the same time in a simple manner.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a biomass furnace 90 with a combustion gas discharge line 96 and a supply air connection 98.
  • a chimney 2 can be connected directly from above both to the combustion gas discharge line 96 and to the supply air connection 98.
  • only one connection process is necessary and not as in the Fig. 5 shown for the prior art, two separate connections.
  • It is advantageous in the embodiment according to Fig. 4 also the reduced floor space required for the biomass furnace including connection. While in the Fig. 5 the fireplace is next to the stove, is in the embodiment according to Fig. 4 the chimney connection is brought up to the chimney attachment from above so that only the base area of the biomass stove remains as the installation area.
  • the chimney 2 can be a double-walled chimney with integrated supply air. Even if in Fig. 4 the exhaust gas discharge and the supply air supply are shown side by side, it should be understood that in an advantageous embodiment the combustion gas discharge and the supply air supply as in FIG Fig. 3 are indicated, with a central combustion gas discharge line and a concentric supply air supply all around. A connection to a double-walled chimney with integrated supply air is possible without any problems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Four à biomasse pour la combustion de biomasse solide, comprenant :
    une chambre de combustion (44, 44.1) ;
    une zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46, 46.1) ;
    un chapeau de cheminée (50, 50.1), qui est agencé au-dessus de la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion, dans lequel le chapeau de cheminée présente sur un côté opposé à la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion un raccord d'air amené (58, 58.1) et une évacuation de gaz de combustion (56, 56.1),
    caractérisé par un guidage de gaz de combustion, qui guide le gaz de combustion de la chambre de combustion (44, 44.1) vers le bas avant une admission dans la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion.
  2. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le raccord d'air amené (58, 58.1) enferme concentriquement l'évacuation de gaz de combustion (56, 56.1) .
  3. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le raccord d'air amené (58, 58.1) et l'évacuation de gaz de combustion (56, 56.1) sont configurés pour être raccordés directement vers le haut à une cheminée à double paroi avec air amené intégré.
  4. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46, 46.1) est équipée d'un couvercle d'inspection (54), qui permet un accès de nettoyage à la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46, 46.1) .
  5. Four à biomasse (10, 40) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre un guidage d'air amené (62, 62.1), qui conduit l'air amené du raccord d'air amené (58, 58.1) dans la chambre de combustion (44, 44.1).
  6. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 5, comprenant en outre un revêtement extérieur (42, 42.1), dans lequel le guidage d'air amené (62, 62.1) est caché par le revêtement extérieur.
  7. Four à biomasse selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel le guidage d'air amené (62, 62.1) est réalisé en tant que tube flexible ou tube fixe à l'intérieur du four à biomasse.
  8. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46) est agencée au-dessus de la chambre de combustion (44), et le guidage de gaz de combustion guide le gaz de combustion guidé vers le bas depuis la chambre de combustion (44) ensuite vers le haut dans la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46).
  9. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le chapeau de cheminée (50) est raccordé directement à la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46, 46.1).
  10. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et 9, dans lequel la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion est agencée sur le côté ou au moins en partie en dessous de la chambre de combustion.
  11. Four à biomasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la zone de collecte de gaz de combustion (46, 46.1) est réalisée en tant que séparateur de suie.
EP18161164.1A 2017-03-13 2018-03-12 Four à biomasse Active EP3376113B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202017001363.0U DE202017001363U1 (de) 2017-03-13 2017-03-13 Biomasseofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3376113A1 EP3376113A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
EP3376113B1 true EP3376113B1 (fr) 2020-10-21

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Family Applications (1)

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EP18161164.1A Active EP3376113B1 (fr) 2017-03-13 2018-03-12 Four à biomasse

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EP (1) EP3376113B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202017001363U1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011117950A1 (de) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-08 Heribert Posch Heizvorrichtung für feste Brennstoffe

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3533969A1 (de) * 1985-09-24 1987-04-02 Horst F Langner Kaminaufsatz
FR2675886A1 (fr) * 1991-04-26 1992-10-30 Damon Raymond Dispositif de desenfumage de la vitre dans les cheminees a foyer ferme.
US6209535B1 (en) * 1998-03-18 2001-04-03 Thermic Investments Heating apparatus
DE20011996U1 (de) * 2000-07-11 2001-11-15 Ruhland Manfred Abgaskamin mit Ringkanal und Niederschlagssperre
US7066170B1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2006-06-27 Travis Industries, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for balancing combustion air and exhaust gas for use with a direct-vent heater appliance
DE202012010090U1 (de) * 2012-10-23 2012-11-28 Peter May Rauchabzugsvorrichtung für Zimmerofen
DE102013110499A1 (de) * 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Schiedel Gmbh Anschlussfuß für ein Kaminrohr und Justierverfahren

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011117950A1 (de) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-08 Heribert Posch Heizvorrichtung für feste Brennstoffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202017001363U1 (de) 2017-03-29
EP3376113A1 (fr) 2018-09-19

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