EP3368204A1 - Dispersion métallique à stabilité accrue - Google Patents

Dispersion métallique à stabilité accrue

Info

Publication number
EP3368204A1
EP3368204A1 EP16781113.2A EP16781113A EP3368204A1 EP 3368204 A1 EP3368204 A1 EP 3368204A1 EP 16781113 A EP16781113 A EP 16781113A EP 3368204 A1 EP3368204 A1 EP 3368204A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formula
metal
alkyl
corresponds
structural units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16781113.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Rösch
Carsten Schaefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clariant International Ltd
Original Assignee
Clariant International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clariant International Ltd filed Critical Clariant International Ltd
Publication of EP3368204A1 publication Critical patent/EP3368204A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/0004—Preparation of sols
    • B01J13/0034—Additives, e.g. in view of promoting stabilisation or peptisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/0004—Preparation of sols
    • B01J13/0043—Preparation of sols containing elemental metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
    • B22F1/0545—Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
    • B22F2301/255—Silver or gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of copolymers which contain metal particulate sols having a metal particle content of 50 to 80% by weight.
  • Nanoparticles within the meaning of the present invention include nanoparticles and submicroparticles.
  • Nanoparticles in the sense of the present invention are defined as particles that are smaller than 100 nm in at least one dimension.
  • Microparticles are particles that are between 1 pm and 1000 prn in all three dimensions.
  • Submicroparticles are defined as particles which are greater than 100 nm in all three dimensions and which are smaller than 1 ⁇ m in at least one dimension.
  • a sol or colloid is a dispersion of nano- or sub-microparticles in a liquid.
  • Nanoscale and submicroscale metal particles provide, inter alia, the average particle size, the particle size distribution, the colloid-chemical
  • the prior art discloses various methods for producing metallic nanoparticles.
  • a well-known principle is the direct chemical reduction of dissolved metal ions in the liquid phase.
  • the aim of many variants of this method is the production of colloid-chemically stable dispersions of metallic nanoparticles with narrow particle size distribution and defined surface properties.
  • colloidally chemically stable means that the properties of the colloidal dispersion or of the colloids hardly change even during the usual storage time before the first application or a break between two production cycles
  • dispersing additive used. This must be present in an amount sufficient to disperse the metal particles, but in a later application should minimize the function of the metals and therefore be present in low concentration as possible. Excessive occupancy of the surface can also lead to an unfavorable influence on the physico-chemical properties of the metal sols.
  • Metal dispersions are used primarily in microelectronic components as conductors, semiconductors or for shielding electromagnetic fields.
  • Metal particles must be applied finely dispersed without agglomeration first, and should form a continuous layer after a hardening process. It is particularly advantageous for this hardening process a) to spend as little energy as possible or b) to reduce the hardening time. This should make it possible to use temperature-sensitive substrates.
  • Hydroquinone and tannic acid are obtained as disinfectants.
  • Stabilization special gelatine products are chosen and in one
  • Silver brine for photographic applications As stabilizing agents are described polyethylene glycols or polypropylene glycols or glycerol in connection with polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl esters and acetals. Copolymers consisting of (meth) acrylic monomers are not used in the document. To reduce various silver salts in the examples toxic
  • the conductive composition comprises a particulate silver compound and a binder and optionally
  • Reducing agent and a binder Silver oxide, silver carbonate, silver acetate and the like are used as the particulate silver compound. Ethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol diacetate and other glycols are considered
  • thermosetting resin such as a polyvalent styrene resin or polyethylene terephthalate having a
  • the particulate silver compound is reduced to elemental silver at temperatures above 50 ° C in the binder, which together
  • EP-A-1493780 does not disclose how highly concentrated aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles produce a conductive layer at temperatures below 150 ° C.
  • US Pat. No. 8,227,022 describes the preparation of aqueous dispersions of metallic nanoparticles in a two-stage process. For this purpose, in a first substep, a dissolved metal salt is prereduced with a water-soluble polymer and completely reduced by a reducing agent. In a second partial step, the nanoparticles are concentrated and redispersed by a second dispersant.
  • the described preparation process was carried out in small, customary amounts in the laboratory and gives a silver dispersion with max. 18% Ag share. The proportion of dispersant relative to silver was found to be 5.7% at best. The values listed in Table 4 show that even at relatively low levels
  • the product is applied to a glass plate and sintered at a temperature of 210 ° C.
  • the conductivity is 2.3 E04 S / cm
  • the metal particles are dispersed in the aqueous phase by the addition of a dispersing aid.
  • a dispersing aid Through the use of the dispersing aid, the metal particulate sols and their oxidic precursors have a high colloid-chemical stability.
  • dispersing aids are selected from the group comprising alkoxylates, alkylolamides, esters,
  • Amine oxides alkylpolyglycosides, alkylphenols, arylalkylphenols, water-soluble homopolymers, random copolymers, block copolymers, graft polymers, polyethylene oxides, polyvinyl alcohols, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohols and polyvinyl acetates, polyvinylpyrrolidones, cellulose, starch, gelatin,
  • Polyacrylates polyethylene sulfonates, polystyrenesulfonates, polymethacrylates,
  • Naphthalenesulfonates ligninsulfonates, copolymers of acrylic monomers, polyethyleneimines, polyvinylamines, polyallylamines, poly (2-vinylpyridines) and / or polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride.
  • the document does not specify the stability and conductivity of the brine produced.
  • WO-2012/055758 discloses a method with a foreign element doped metal particles to represent the electrical conductivity at low To reach sintering temperatures.
  • an Ag sol was prepared which had a conductivity of 4.4 E + 06 S / m after one hour at 140 ° C.
  • a comparative sample without RuO2 doping gave a specific conductivity of 1 S / m after one hour at 140.
  • the application US-2006/044384 describes the use of random and terpolymer of methacrylic acid and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGMA).
  • PEGMA polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate
  • examples use hydroxyl-terminated PEGMA having a molecular weight of 256 g / mol or 360 g / mol. It is stated in paragraph [0009] that the non-ionic fraction should have a chain length below 1000 g / mol.
  • the reduction to elemental silver occurs with toxic hydrazine.
  • Ag sols having a concentration of up to 30% by weight are prepared. In order to ensure a sufficient stability of the particles are 10 - 100 wt .-%
  • Metal dispersions allows and ensures high colloid-chemical stability even when stored up to 60 ° C.
  • the dispersions thus prepared should after a coating process and a thermal or
  • photonic treatment become electrically conductive even at relatively low temperatures from 90 ° C and therefore for temperature-sensitive plastic substrates be applicable. Another goal is to generate better conductivity than the prior art at the same sintering temperatures and times.
  • copolymers based on mixed alkoxylated (meth) acrylic acid derivatives and acrylic monomers are very suitable as dispersants for the preparation of nanoscale
  • the aqueous nanoscale metal dispersions prepared with the copolymer according to the invention have a significantly better storage stability at room temperature, in particular up to 60 ° C. At elevated temperatures, however, surprisingly, a reversal of the stability can be determined, which means that the particles produced with the polymers according to the invention sinter already from a temperature of 90 ° C. So z. B.
  • metal dispersions according to the invention also allow it
  • the present invention solves the problem and therefore relates to metal dispersions containing as dispersants copolymers containing 1 - 99 wt .-%
  • R is hydrogen or O-Ce alkyl
  • B is C 2 -C 4 alkylene group, with the proviso that A is different from B and m, n independently of one another are an integer from 1 to 200, and from 1 to 99% by weight of structural units of the formula (2)
  • a and B represent C2-C4 alkylene groups with the proviso that A is not equal to B. That is, the structural units of formula (1) can be up to 200
  • C2-C4 alkoxy units may be alkoxylated, either being to a blockwise alkoxylation with at least two
  • Mischalkoxylierung with at least two of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide can act.
  • a and B are an ethylene or propylene group.
  • A is preferably a propylene group and B is an ethylene group.
  • the macromonomers based on structural units of the formula (1) are accessible by the polymerization of alkoxylated acrylic or methacrylic acid derivatives (hereinafter the term acrylic acid also refers to the methacrylic acid). These are by alkoxylation of acrylic acid or 2-alkylacrylic acid or
  • Butylene glycol (2-hydroxyethyl-2-alkyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl-2-alkyl acrylate or 2-hydroxybutyl-2-alkyl acrylate) available.
  • DMC-catalyzed alkoxylation of 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate or 2-hydroxypropyl-2-alkyl acrylate especially by DMC-catalyzed alkoxylation of 2-hydroxypropyl-2-methacrylate.
  • DMC catalysis allows a highly targeted synthesis of monomers with well-defined properties while avoiding
  • DE-102006049804 and US-6034208 teach the benefits of DMC catalysis.
  • Suitable structural units of the formula (2) are preferably those selected from styrenesulfonic acid, acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), vinylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, acrylic acid,
  • APMS acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid
  • vinylsulfonic acid vinylphosphonic acid
  • allylsulfonic acid vinylphosphonic acid
  • methallylsulfonic acid acrylic acid
  • Methacrylic acid and maleic acid or its anhydride, and the salts of the aforementioned acids with mono- and divalent counterions derived and 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, vinylimidazole, vinyl acetate,
  • Methacrylic acid glycidyl esters acrylonitrile, tetrafluoroethylene and DADMAC, deduce.
  • Further examples are N-vinylformamide, N-vinylmethylformamide,
  • the structural units of the formula (2) derive from N-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, acrylic acid and
  • the polymers to be used according to the invention contain, for example, from 99 to 70, preferably from 95 to 75, in particular from 90 to 80,% by weight of structural units of the formula (1).
  • the structural units of the formula (1) and the structural units of the formula (2) add up to 100%.
  • the preparation of the polymers to be used according to the invention is carried out by free radical polymerization of the monomers using a
  • suitable radical starter at temperatures between 50 and 150 ° C.
  • the molecular weight of these polymers can range from 6,000 to
  • Suitable alcoholic solvents are water-soluble mono- or
  • Dialcohols such as. As propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol and ethoxylated
  • Monoalcohols such as butylglycol, isobutylglycol and butyldiglycol. But it can also be used alone as a solvent water. They form after the
  • the dispersant solutions thus prepared may contain other substances, such as Biocides, UV stabilizers, anti-oxidants, metal deactivators,
  • the nanoscale metal particles are continuously produced in a microreaction system analogously to the document WO 2007/1 18669, Section [0027] to [0056].
  • the resulting metal particle sols were purified by membrane filtration and concentrated to a solids content of silver particles of 50-80 wt .-%, preferably 51-79 wt .-% and particularly preferably 52-78 wt .-%.
  • the particle size of the silver particles is preferably in at least one dimension between 5 and 100 nm.
  • the dispersant content is 1-9 wt .-%, preferably 2-8 wt .-% and particularly preferably 3-7 wt .-%.
  • Particle size distribution by volume is shown in Figures (1) and (2).
  • Methacrylic acid 8 2.9 3.9 3.9 8.0 4.0
  • the nanoscale metal particles were continuously produced in a microreaction system analogous to document EP-2010314, section [0027] to [0056].
  • the resulting metal particle sols were purified by membrane filtration and concentrated to a metal content of 50-80% by weight.
  • the dispersant content could be determined to be 1-9% by weight.
  • metal nanoparticles were prepared analogously to the specifications US-20060044382 (Lexmark, Example A [0019] and Example G [0023]), WO-2012/055758 (Bayer Technology Services / BTS, Example 1) and US-8227022, and US Pat Comparative Example 1, 2, 3 and 4 attached.
  • the obtained metal sols were applied by means of spin-coating to a 18 ⁇ 18 mm glass plate in a layer thickness of between 0.1 and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.5 and 5 ⁇ m.
  • the glass plate was then thermally sintered at a defined temperature for 60 minutes and the 4-point measuring method, the surface resistance in
  • thermosensitive substrates which can be used as printing material are thereby increased.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de l'invention concerne des dispersions métalliques contenant 50 à 80 % en poids de nanoparticules d'argent, 15 à 45 % en poids d'eau et un dispersant, le dispersant contenant des copolymères qui contiennent 1 - 99 % en poids de motifs structuraux de formule (1), dans laquelle R représente hydrogène ou alkyle en C1-C6, A représente un groupe alkylène en C2-C4 et B représente un groupe alkylène en C2-C4, sous réserve que A soit différent de B et m, n représentant indépendamment l'un de l'autre un nombre entier de 1 -200, ainsi que 1 - 99 % en poids de motifs structuraux de formule (2), dans lequel Xa représente un radical aromatique ou aliphatique comprenant 1 à 30 atomes de C, qui contient éventuellement un ou plusieurs hétéro-atomes N, O et S, par exemple 1, 2, ou 3 , Za représentant H ou C1-C4)-alkyle, Zb représentant H ou (C1-C4)-alkyle et Zc représentant H ou (C1-C4)-alkyle.
EP16781113.2A 2015-10-30 2016-10-12 Dispersion métallique à stabilité accrue Withdrawn EP3368204A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015221349 2015-10-30
PCT/EP2016/074424 WO2017071949A1 (fr) 2015-10-30 2016-10-12 Dispersion métallique à stabilité accrue

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3368204A1 true EP3368204A1 (fr) 2018-09-05

Family

ID=57130386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16781113.2A Withdrawn EP3368204A1 (fr) 2015-10-30 2016-10-12 Dispersion métallique à stabilité accrue

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20180340083A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3368204A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2018535321A (fr)
KR (1) KR20180077252A (fr)
CN (1) CN108348884A (fr)
CA (1) CA3003504A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL258734A (fr)
TW (1) TWI697355B (fr)
WO (1) WO2017071949A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

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US11400111B2 (en) * 2018-11-30 2022-08-02 Novis, Inc. Method for producing gum Arabic encapsulated metal nanoparticles
KR20240029065A (ko) * 2021-08-06 2024-03-05 카오카부시키가이샤 구리 미립자 분산체

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017071949A1 (fr) 2017-05-04
JP2018535321A (ja) 2018-11-29
US20180340083A1 (en) 2018-11-29
KR20180077252A (ko) 2018-07-06
TWI697355B (zh) 2020-07-01
CN108348884A (zh) 2018-07-31
IL258734A (en) 2018-06-28
TW201731587A (zh) 2017-09-16
CA3003504A1 (fr) 2017-05-04

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