Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
  • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
  • B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
  • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
  • B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
  • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
  • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of a strip-shaped metallic workpiece, wherein a melt is introduced into a casting region, the melt introduced into the casting region at least partially solidifies, and the at least partially solidified melt is conveyed out of the casting region. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for the continuous production of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece and such a workpiece.
• Band-shaped, metallic workpieces can be produced for example by means of strip casting. These methods allow a continuous, close to the final dimension production of the workpieces, whereby a low-cost production with increased throughput is possible.
• Such a method is known from DE 196 05 398 A1.
• a liquid, metallic melt is introduced into a casting area between two counter-rotating casting rolls.
• the melt solidifies on the surface of the casting rolls and forms two shells, which are pressed together in a gap between the casting rolls to form a workpiece and conveyed out of the casting area.
• the melt gain components such. As particles or fibers, added, which are incorporated into the workpiece, so that a composite material is formed.
• the object of the present invention is to reduce the weight of the workpieces produced.
• the object is achieved by a method for the continuous production of a strip-shaped, metallic workpiece, wherein a melt is introduced into a casting area, the melt introduced into the casting area at least partially solidifies, and the at least partially solidified melt is conveyed out of the casting area, wherein the melt introduced into the casting area is added to hollow bodies which are enclosed in the workpiece.
• the hollow bodies which are added to the melt, are included in the solidification of the melt.
• a workpiece can be obtained with cavities formed by the hollow body. Since the hollow bodies have a lower density compared to the material of the melt, the weight of the workpiece is reduced.
• Such workpieces are also referred to as syntactic foam, in particular syntactic metal foam, or as composite metal foam.
• the material of the hollow body in particular the material of the outer skin of the hollow body, a higher melting point than the material of the melt, so that a melting of the hollow body in the melt need not be feared.
• the melting point of the hollow body, in particular the outer skin of the hollow body may be greater than 1500 ° C, preferably greater than 1800 ° C, more preferably greater than 2000 ° C.
• the material of the melt is preferably a steel material.
• the material of the melt may contain aluminum, titanium, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel or magnesium.
• An advantageous embodiment provides that the hollow body are formed as hollow balls.
• the hollow spheres may have a diameter which is less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm, particularly preferably less than 2 mm.
• the hollow bodies have an inorganic, in particular ceramic material.
• the hollow bodies may be alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B 4 C), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), titanium boride (TiB 2 ) , tungsten carbide (WC). , Titanium carbide (TiC), silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) or a combination of these materials.
• the hollow bodies may comprise a metallic material, for example iron or an iron alloy.
• the hollow bodies preferably consist of an intermetallic compound.
• the hollow bodies may consist of a combination of the aforementioned ceramic materials with one or more metals.
• the hollow bodies are preheated prior to addition to the melt introduced into the casting area.
• preheating the hollow body can be brought to an elevated temperature at which the risk of undesirable solidification of the melt is reduced during initial contact with the hollow bodies.
• the hollow bodies can be preheated, for example, to a temperature which is greater than 0.6 times the liquidus temperature of the melt, preferably greater than 0.7 times the liquidus temperature of the melt, more preferably greater than 0.9 times that Liquidus temperature of the melt.
• the inventive method allows a high process speed with a high flow rate of the melt.
• the hollow bodies can be drawn in by the flow of the melt, so that a floating of the hollow body - despite its low density - can be counteracted.
• a preferred embodiment provides that the hollow bodies are fixed in a carrier element and then added together with the carrier element to the melt introduced into the casting area.
• the unwanted floating of the hollow body in the melt due to the lower density of the hollow body can be additionally counteracted.
• the hollow body can be brought to the melt.
• the carrier element is preheated together with the hollow bodies prior to addition to the melt introduced into the casting area, so that the risk of undesirable solidification of the melt upon first contact with the hollow bodies is reduced.
• the carrier element is melted in the melt, so that the fixed in the carrier element hollow body are released.
• the hollow body can move at least slightly within the melt. It is therefore possible to set a certain distribution of the hollow body within the workpiece.
• the material of the carrier element is preferably chosen such that it has a melting point which is at a lower temperature than the melting point of the hollow body. Furthermore, it is preferred if the melting point of the carrier element is at a lower or the same temperature as the melting point of the material of the melt, so that a heating of the carrier element beyond the temperature of the melt is not required.
• the material of the carrier element is identical to the material of the melt.
• the carrier element and the melt may consist of a steel material.
• the support element is flexible, in particular as a network, as a hose or as a film, is formed.
• the flexible carrier element can be stored in a simplified manner, for example rolled up on a dispenser roll.
• the carrier element is preferably a metallic net, a metallic tube or a metallic foil, in particular a steel net, a steel tube or a steel foil.
• pockets may be provided in which the hollow bodies are arranged.
• hollow bodies may be enclosed between two surfaces of the film.
• the carrier element is strip-like and the melt is added continuously.
• the addition of the hollow body to the melt of the continuous casting process can likewise be effected continuously via the ribbon-like carrier element.
• an opening of an adding device in particular a lance, is arranged below the surface of the melt introduced into the casting area and the hollow bodies are added to the melt via the mouth of the adding device.
• the addition of the hollow body can be loose or by means of Carrier element done.
• the hollow body can be added directly into the melt.
• the adding device may be connected to a collecting container in which the hollow bodies are stored loosely or received in the carrier element.
• the adding device in particular the mouth of the adding device, is heated in order to preheat the hollow body.
• openings of a plurality of adding devices are arranged below the surface of the melt introduced into the casting area and the hollow bodies are added to the melt via the mouths of the adding devices.
• Various types of hollow bodies can be added to the melt simultaneously or at different times via a plurality of adding devices. For example, it is possible to supply hollow bodies of different sizes or with different material composition via different adding devices.
• the hollow bodies can be supplied via a plurality of addition devices at a plurality of locations of the casting area, so that the hollow bodies are arranged in the produced workpiece in a plurality of areas.
• the casting region in which the melt is introduced, arranged between two counter-rotating casting rolls, wherein the casting rolls are cooled, so that solidifies the melt on the roll surfaces of the casting rolls into shells and the shells in a formed between the casting rolls Gap be compressed.
• a two-roll method for strip casting is provided.
• the introduction of the melt can take place in a substantially vertical direction (vertical two-roll method).
• the addition of the hollow bodies can take place in a vertical direction or in a diagonal direction oblique with respect to the vertical direction.
• the hollow bodies are introduced into a section of the casting area, which encloses the geometric center between the two rollers, so that the workpiece produced in its interior region has an increased concentration of hollow bodies compared to the surface-near edge areas.
• This can be advantageous, for example, if the surfaces of the workpiece are to be processed in a subsequent processing step. If material is removed from the surface as part of the subsequent processing, then the material is cleaner Cuttings on, which can be disposed of or reused with less effort than a blend which in addition to the material of the melt additionally also hollow body.
• the hollow bodies are introduced into a section of the casting area which encloses the geometric center between the two rolls, it is possible to achieve a closed workpiece surface.
• the addition of the hollow body is interrupted to the melt to form hollow body-free areas in the workpiece.
• the melt can be introduced into a casting area, which is arranged on a conveyor belt.
• the conveyor belt can preferably be moved in the horizontal direction.
• the conveyor belt and / or walls laterally delimiting the conveyor belt may be cooled so that the melt solidifies and encloses the hollow bodies.
• To solve the object mentioned above also contributes to an apparatus for the continuous production of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece, which has a casting area in which a melt can be introduced and in which the introduced melt can at least partially solidify, with a conveyor, in particular a casting roll or a belt for conveying the at least partially solidified melt out of the casting area, and an adding device for adding hollow bodies to the melt introduced into the casting area.
• a conveyor in particular a casting roll or a belt for conveying the at least partially solidified melt out of the casting area
• an adding device for adding hollow bodies to the melt introduced into the casting area.
• the device preferably has a casting region, which is arranged between two counter-rotating casting rolls.
• the casting rolls can be cooled so that the melt on the roll surfaces of the casting rolls can solidify into shells and the shells can be compressed in a gap formed between the casting rolls.
• the device may have an inlet for introducing the melt in the vertical direction.
• the adding device is designed such that the access Be the hollow body can be made obliquely to a vertical direction.
• the device is preferably designed as a strip casting device for a vertical two-roll method.
• the device can also use the advantageous features described in connection with the method alone or in combination.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus according to the invention in a schematic side view.
• FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus according to the invention in a schematic side view.
• FIG 3 shows a first embodiment of a workpiece produced by the method according to the invention in a perspective sectional view.
• FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of a workpiece produced by the method according to the invention, in a schematic sectional view.
• FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of a workpiece produced by the method according to the invention in a schematic sectional view.
• FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of a workpiece produced by the method according to the invention in a schematic sectional view.
• the device is designed as a manufacturing device according to the vertical two-roller method. It has a first casting roll 6 and a second casting roll 7, which are driven by motor rotation in opposite directions. The directions of rotation of the two casting rolls 6, 7 are indicated by the arrows A, B. Between the casting rolls 6, 7, a gap 21 is provided, which preferably has a gap width in the range of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably of 3 mm.
• a container 2 which is filled with liquid, metallic melt 5.
• the material of the melt 5 may contain, for example, steel, aluminum, titanium, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel, magnesium or a combination of these substances.
• the container 2 has an inlet 3 arranged on its underside, via which the liquid melt 5 is fed to a casting area 4 of the device 1, which is also referred to as a melt pool. The inlet 3 dips below the surface 20 of the introduced into the casting area 4 liquid melt 5 a.
• the casting rolls 6, 7, in particular the rolling surfaces of the casting rolls 6, 7 which come into contact with the melt 5 introduced into the casting area 4, are cooled by means of cooling units not shown in the drawings.
• the melt 5 solidifies at the roller surfaces at least partially, so that form on the roller surfaces so-called band shells of partially solidified melt 1 1.
• the band shells adhere to the casting rolls 6, 7 and are conveyed in the direction of the gap 21 by the rotational movement of the casting rolls 6, 7.
• the two band shells, which have formed on the first casting roll 6 and the second casting roll 7, are pressed together and welded together.
• the at least partially solidified melt 1 1 is conveyed out of the casting area 4.
• the manufacturing apparatus 1 has a starting belt 9, which is unwound from a reel 8.
• the hollow bodies 12 are incorporated into the solidifying melt 5 and / or between the band shells formed from already partially solidified melt 1 1, so that they are enclosed in the work piece 15 produced.
• the material of the hollow body 12, in particular the material of the outer skin of the hollow body 12, has a higher melting point than the material of the melt 5, so that a melting of the hollow body 12 in the melt 5 need not be feared.
• the hollow bodies 12 form defined cavities within the workpiece 12, which reduce the density of the workpiece 15 and thus contribute to a weight reduction. In this respect, a band-shaped workpiece is obtained, which is designed in the manner of a syntactic foam.
• the hollow body 12 are preferably designed as hollow spheres, wherein the diameter of the hollow spheres in a range smaller than
• hollow body 12 are used made of a ceramic material, whereby the rigidity and / or the wear behavior of the workpiece 15 can be improved.
• the hollow bodies 12 alumina (Al 2 0 3 ), zirconia (Zr0 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B 4 C), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), titanium boride (TiB 2 ) , tungsten carbide (WC ), Titanium carbide (TiC) or silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ).
• the hollow bodies 12 may comprise a metallic material, for example iron.
• the hollow bodies 12 preferably consist of an intermetallic compound.
• the hollow bodies 12 may consist of a combination of the aforementioned ceramic materials with one or more metals.
• the manufacturing apparatus 1 has an adding device 22, which is arranged above the casting area 4.
• the adding device has a carrier element 13.
• the hollow bodies 12 are fixed in the carrier element 13 so that they can be added together with the carrier element 13 to the melt 5 introduced into the casting area 4, without having to fear that the hollow body 12 will float in the melt 5.
• the carrier element 13 is designed as a flexible, belt-like carrier element 13, for example as a net, hose or as a film.
• the adding device 22 further comprises a dispenser roll 14 on which the carrier element 14 equipped with hollow bodies 12 is present in rolled-up form.
• the material of the support member 14 has a melting point which is at a lower temperature than the melting point of the hollow body is and is at a lower or the same temperature as the melting point of the material of the melt 5, so that the support member 14 is melted in the melt 5 and the fixed in the support member 15 hollow body 12 are released into the melt 5. Hollow bodies 12 are thus continuously fed to the casting area 4 via the carrier element 15.
• the production device 1 further comprises a preheating device, not shown in the drawings, via which the carrier element 13 and the hollow body 12 are preheated, so that the risk of solidification of the melt 5 during introduction of carrier element 13 and hollow bodies 12 is reduced in the melt 5.
• the preheating is carried out to a temperature which is greater than 0.6 times the liquidus temperature of the melt 5, preferably greater than 0.7 times the liquidus temperature of the melt 5, more preferably greater than 0.9 times the liquidus temperature of Melt 5.
• the device 1 shows a second embodiment of a device 1 for the continuous production of a band-shaped metallic workpiece 15, which differs from the device 1 according to the first embodiment only with regard to the addition of the hollow body 12 to the melt 5.
• the device 1 according to the second embodiment comprises an adding device 18 for adding the hollow body 12, which is designed in the manner of a lance.
• An orifice 19 of the adding device 18 is arranged below the surface 20 of the melt 5 received in the casting area 4.
• the addition of the hollow body 12 can be done loose.
• the adding device 18 is for this purpose connected to a collecting container 25, in which the hollow body 12 are stored.
• the collecting container 25 may optionally be equipped with a heating device for preheating the hollow body 12.
• the adding device 18, in particular the mouth 19 of the adding device 18, is heated.
• the melt 5 is added via the adding device 18 to hollow bodies 12 which are fixed in a carrier element 15.
• the carrier element 15 is unwound for example from a donor roll and introduced by adding device 18, in particular its mouth 19, below the surface 20 of the melt 5 in the casting area 4.
• the production device 1 has a plurality of adding devices 18, in particular a plurality of lances.
• the mouths 19 of these adding devices 18 can be different sections be aligned with the casting area 4, so that hollow bodies are included in the workpiece 15 at different locations.
• FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece 15 which can be obtained with the device 1 or the method according to the invention.
• the band-shaped workpiece 15 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional area.
• the surfaces 26 of the workpiece 15 are smooth.
• a lower concentration of hollow bodies 15 is present in the edge region 16 directly adjoining the outer contour of the workpiece than in the inner region 17 located in the interior of the workpiece 15.
• the edge region 16 is hollow-body-free, while the inner region 17 forms a dense packing of hollow bodies 12 having.
• a workpiece 15 is formed in the manner of a sheet, which has a porous core and smooth surfaces 26.
• Such a workpiece 15 combines the advantages of weight reduction by the porous core with the good formability, the good mechanical properties, such as high ductility, and / or availability of the smooth and essentially consisting of the material of the melt surfaces.
• the workpiece 15 can be supplied as subsequent near-net shape semi-finished processing steps.
• FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece 15 in a schematic sectional view.
• the addition of the hollow body 12 to the melt 5 was temporarily interrupted to alternately form sections 24 with high hollow body concentration and hollow body, in particular hollow body-free, portions 23 in the workpiece 15.
• the workpiece 15 can be formed and / or joined in a subsequent processing step.
• the high hollow body concentration portions 24 and the hollow body short portions 23 extend in the workpiece 15 in the width direction and the thickness direction of the workpiece 15.
• FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece 15 is shown.
• the hollow bodies 12 were introduced simultaneously in several areas, so that several areas with increased hollow body concentration were formed. The regions of increased hollow body concentration are spaced apart in the width direction and / or the thickness direction of the workpiece 15.
• FIG. 6 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece 15.
• the hollow bodies 12 were introduced simultaneously into a plurality of regions, so that a plurality of regions with increased hollow body concentration were formed.
• the regions of increased hollow body concentration are spaced apart in the width direction and / or the thickness direction of the workpiece 15.
• the addition of the hollow body 12 to the melt 5 was temporarily interrupted to form alternating high-concen tration portions 24 and hollow body-free, in particular hollow body-free, portions 23 in the workpiece 15.
• the devices 1 described above implement a method for the continuous production of a band-shaped, metallic workpiece 15, wherein a melt 5 is introduced into a casting area 4, the melt 5 introduced into the casting area 4 at least partially solidifies, and the at least partially solidified melt 11 is conveyed out of the casting area 4, wherein the introduced into the casting area 4 melt 5 hollow body 12 are added, which are enclosed in the workpiece 15.
• a reduction of the weight of the workpiece 15 can be achieved.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Continuous Casting (AREA)
• Golf Clubs (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56943549

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (27)

• 2015
  • 2015-09-29 DE DE102015116517.1A patent/DE102015116517A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2016
  • 2016-09-20 WO PCT/EP2016/072241 patent/WO2017055132A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-09-20 US US15/763,215 patent/US10780492B2/en active Active
  • 2016-09-20 EP EP16766984.5A patent/EP3356065A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-09-20 KR KR1020187011701A patent/KR20180063166A/ko unknown
  • 2016-09-20 CN CN201680056930.6A patent/CN108136491B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events