EP3339561B1 - Shading device with emergency opening function - Google Patents

Description

According to the preamble of claim 1, the invention relates to a shading device with an emergency opening function, the device having an electric drive motor, a winding shaft, a curtain that can be wound onto the winding shaft or an elevator element that can be wound up with the winding shaft, and a mechanical emergency drive, the drive motor having a freewheel , which is locked in the direction of the curtain, is coupled to the winding shaft

Such shading devices can be designed, for example, as roller shutters, external venetian blinds or blinds with slatted blinds, roller blinds, awnings or other systems for closing building openings. Electric drives are used for many of these systems in order to offer the user increased ease of use. The end positions are generally recorded internally in the motor, the revolutions of the motor shaft being determined and thus the revolutions of the winding shaft being determined. Emergency drive means drives that can replace the electric drive as an alternative, e.g. in emergencies, but also in other cases in which manual opening is preferred.

The weight of the curtain generally supports the extension movement so that the motor usually only has to overcome low frictional moments, such as those e.g. occur with a self-locking curtain, the self-locking is used in many embodiments of known curtains to hold the curtain in any position when the electric drive is stopped.

However, self-locking drives have the problem that the shading system cannot usually be opened easily in the event of a power failure.

From the DE 89 01 398 U1 For example, a device of the type mentioned at the outset is also known, in which the electric drive motor is connected to the winding shaft via a freewheel. Furthermore, a quick-opening device is provided which allows the system to be opened even in the event of a motor failure, the freewheel preventing the motor from having to be rotated, which would also not be possible with a self-locking drive. A disadvantage of this solution is that the emergency drive is always moved when the curtain is moved by means of the electric drive, which is why it must be of particularly large dimensions. There is a risk that the emergency drive will already be worn out if it has to be used after years, even though it has never been used.

From the DE 2 445 187 C3 a blind is also known in which a coupling section alternately connects a motor or a manually operated emergency shutdown gear with a head shaft for the blind adjustment.

The DE 79 36 599 U1 also shows a solution to avoid a freewheel, in which a special sliding anchor brake motor is used.

Finally, emergency opening devices are also known in which a separate drive, for example a prestressed spring-loaded mechanism or another electric drive motor, acts on the winding shaft for emergency gathering. These additional drives generally require a great deal of effort and are only used in special cases for prescribed escape routes. These systems are simply too expensive to use at every building opening to create additional escape routes.

The object of the present invention is to improve a shading device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a simple emergency opening device is provided in a shading system which, if necessary, enables an additional escape route to be opened.

Main features of the invention are set out in the characterizing part of claim 1. Refinements are the subject of claims 2 to 17.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a shading device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the emergency drive is connected to the winding shaft via a clutch, the clutch being switchable in a closed position by the actuation of the emergency drive in a load-controlled or motion-controlled manner and in a no-load emergency drive is in an open position. The clutch offers the advantage that the moving parts of the emergency drive are not set in motion by the electric drive motor during normal operation, so that they are not exposed to wear. They can therefore be constructed particularly simply and inexpensively. At the same time, however, there is the unrestricted possibility of being able to open the curtain of the system if necessary using the emergency drive, whereby the freewheel ensures that the electric drive does not have to be rotated, which would not be possible with a self-locking version anyway.

In a first embodiment of the invention, the clutch is designed as a friction clutch, the friction clutch preferably having a wrap spring which, under the load of the emergency drive, loops around a driver shaft which is connected to the winding shaft in a rotationally rigid manner, increasing the frictional torque. With a friction clutch of this type, there is only a small friction torque in the clutch during normal operation of the electric drive, which is not sufficient to set the parts of the emergency drive in motion. If, however, the emergency drive is actuated, the loop spring or another friction element builds up an increased frictional torque, which conversely enables the winding shaft to be taken along by the emergency drive.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a claw coupling is provided as a coupling, which has at least one axially or radially movable claw element for producing the positive connection in the closed position. A form-fitting claw coupling offers the advantage that, on the one hand, it is a form-fitting, secure under all circumstances Carrying of the winding shaft enables, while in normal operation a complete decoupling of the emergency drive is possible without additional frictional moments.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one claw element is mounted on a rotary part of the emergency drive, which is arranged rotatably relative to a control part, which moves the at least one claw element into the closed position of the clutch when the rotary part rotates relatively, the at least one claw element comes into positive engagement with a claw adapter that is rigidly connected to the winding shaft. The relative rotation to the control part, which is fixed, for example, with a slight frictional engagement, triggers a defined switching movement which enables the clutch to be securely engaged in the closed position.

At least two radially movable pawls are preferably provided as claw elements, which are pivotably mounted on the rotating part. Radially movable claw elements have the advantage that the coupling can be implemented constructively in the smallest of axial spaces. This is of great advantage in the case of shading devices because, as a rule, the space above the building opening extends over as large a range as possible of the width of the opening, i.e. should be available over the axial length of the winding shaft and other coaxial parts for the curtain

A preferred control movement of the pawls is achieved in that the pawls each have a control pin which is offset from the pivot axis and is guided in a groove contour of the control part, the pawls preferably being further biased in the direction of their position disengaged from the claw adapter by means of a spring element. The springs ensure that the pawls are also moved back into their rest position, in which the emergency drive is decoupled from the winding shaft when an emergency opening is completed and a reverse rotation takes place. The return to the release position can, however, also take place by a clever design of the contour, in particular in a simple manner if the maximum relative angle of rotation between the two parts is limited. After the relative movement has taken place and the switching process has been triggered, the control part can be taken along by the rotating part, for example by overcoming a frictional torque.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the rotating part is connected in a rotationally rigid manner to a roller or disk. These can preferably be arranged coaxially in order to save axial installation space.

A preferred variant provides that the roll or disk is designed as a winding roll or disk on which a flexible drive element can be wound. This results in a manual operation in the manner of a roller shutter, which the user can intuitively perceive for an emergency opening.

It is not necessary to wind up the elevator element on a belt reel outside the system, because a free end of the drive element can easily be fixed at a fixed point on the shading device or the building. It only has to be prevented that the free end can get into the system.

An embodiment of the invention is particularly preferred in which a drive spring for returning the drive member is provided, which preloads the winding roller in the direction of the wound state in the direction of rotation, the drive spring being able to be clamped, for example, between a fixed bearing and the rotating part. The mainspring, which works as a return spring, ensures that a belt or other winding element is repeatedly wound onto the winding reel or disc after an emergency operation. The claw coupling is designed in such a way that it changes to the open position under the action of the spring and the associated reverse rotation, which can easily be achieved with wrap springs or contour-controlled pawls.

The elevator element can be long enough to catch up even a fully extended curtain by a continuous unwinding process. However, it is also readily possible for the elevator member to be shorter than is required to completely open the curtain, so that the catching-up operation takes place by multiple actuation of the elevator member which has in the meantime been retrieved by the mainspring. The advantage here is that only a considerably shorter supply of the elevator element has to be wound onto the winding roller / disk, which benefits a compact installation space and a cost-effective implementation.

Instead of being a winding element, the roller or disk can also be designed as a deflection roller or disk, over which a rotating, loop-shaped flexible drive element is guided with frictional or form-fitting entrainment. For shading devices where the user such controls are used, such as ball chains or endless cords for blinds or blinds, the usual operation can be intuitively adopted for the emergency gathering.

An embodiment is preferred in which the freewheel in the downward direction decouples the drive motor from the winding shaft only above a limit torque. This has the advantage that the drive motor can also be used to support the extension movement, e.g. an obstacle then triggers the freewheel.

As already mentioned, it is expedient and preferred for many applications that the electric drive motor or a transmission located between the drive motor and the freewheel is designed to be self-locking. As a result, the curtain can be held securely in place in any intermediate position simply by stopping the electric drive.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

The figure shows a roller shutter drive 10 with a winding shaft 12 which is driven by an electric drive motor (not shown). The motor is coupled to the winding shaft 12 via a freewheel 14 and a driver element 16, a roller shutter curtain (not shown) consisting of a plurality of mutually attached slats being able to be wound onto this winding shaft 12.

The electric drive is self-locking, i.e. the dead weight cannot lower the curtain from an intermediate position if the motor does not rotate in the downward direction. The downward movement begins when the electric drive simply rotates or works in a supportive manner up to a defined support torque that is considerably smaller than the elevator torque required to catch up the curtain. In order to automatically switch off the drive at the two end positions of the curtain, the revolutions of the shaft are recorded inside the motor.

The winding shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on a bearing cap 20 via a ball bearing 18. The bearing cap 20 is fastened to a pin 22 by means of a screw 24, the pin 22 being formed on a bearing disk 26 fastened to a side part 25 of the roller shutter. The pin 22 projects over a bearing ring 28 on the bearing disk 26, on which a housing 30 is rotatably mounted as a rotating part of a dog clutch 32. The rotating part or housing 30 is Relative to a contour disk 34 as a control part rotatably arranged over a certain range of rotation angles, in which guide contours 36 are formed for two control pins 38, which are molded onto pawls 40 as radially switchable claw elements of the clutch 32. The contour disk 34 is shown rotated from the perspective into the plane of the illustration in order to better illustrate the guide contours 36. The pawls 40 are pivotally mounted on the rotating part, the pivot axes being arranged offset from the control pins 38 by a certain distance, whereby a pivoting movement of the pawls 40 into a radially spread closed position of the coupling can be achieved by rotating the rotating part relative to the control part. Optional spring elements (not shown) can preload the pawls 40 in the direction of their radially pivoted-in position, in which the claw coupling 32 is opened, which is particularly useful if there is no limitation on the relative rotatability between the contour disk 34 and the housing 30. The pawls 40 can then get out of the contours 36 and are pushed back into them by the springs. In the case of a limitation, on the other hand, a forced return can be achieved safely by counter-rotating, relative rotation. For this purpose, the contour disk 34 is seated on the bearing ring 28 with a slight frictional torque, so that it is carried along by the control pins 38 when they reach one end of the guide contours 36.

The pawls 40 act as movable claw elements of the claw coupling 32 with a claw adapter 42, between the claws of which they are engaged in their radially widened pivot position, so that a torsionally rigid connection between the housing / rotating part 30 and the winding shaft 12 can be established, into which the Claw adapter 42 is positively inserted.

The housing / rotating part 30 is part of an emergency drive 44, with the aid of which the closed blind can be opened in the event of a power failure or failure of the electric drive. In the embodiment shown, a belt pulley 46 is provided for this purpose, which is connected to the housing 30 in a coaxially rigid manner. For this purpose, axial ribs 50 are provided on an outer peripheral surface 48 of the housing 30, which engage in axial grooves 52 in an inner peripheral surface 54 of the belt pulley 46. A roller shutter belt 56 can be wound onto the belt pulley 46, the free end of which is fixed at a fixed point (not recognizable).

Between the housing 30 and the bearing disk 26 or the side part 24 of the roller shutter, a spiral-shaped drive spring 58 acting in the torsion direction is clamped with pretension. which tends to turn the housing 30 and the belt pulley 46 back in a direction in which the roller shutter belt 56 is wound on the belt pulley 46.

As already mentioned, the freewheel 14 ensures that the curtain can be raised using the emergency drive 44 if the self-locking electric drive fails or cannot be used as a result of a power failure. In normal operation, the pawls 40 of the claw coupling 32 are in their radially retracted position, in which the claw adapter 42 can rotate freely without taking parts of the emergency drive 44 with them. This is therefore not subject to wear in normal operation.

If the emergency drive 44 is now actuated when the main electric drive is blocked, by pulling on the roller shutter belt 56, the housing 30, which is rigidly connected to the belt pulley 46, rotates relative to the standing contour pulley 34. The control pins 38 thereby move in a related manner along the guide contours 36 on the axis of rotation radially further outward position so that the pawls 40 are set up and come into positive engagement with the claws of the claw adapter 42. The contour disk 34 is initially seated frictionally on the bearing ring 28 and is carried by the housing 30 in the direction of rotation as soon as the pins 38 have reached the end of the respective guide contour. When the roller shutter belt 56 is actuated further, the winding shaft is rotated accordingly in the catching-up direction, whereby the curtain can be caught. The mainspring 58 is further biased during the catch-up movement.

As soon as the roller shutter belt 56 is released, the drive spring 58 winds the roller shutter belt 56 back onto the belt pulley 46, the pins 38 again reaching the opposite ends of the guide contours 36 due to the relative rotation of the housing 30 to the contour pulley 34 which is frictionally arranged on the bearing ring 28 arrive, ie the pawls are pivoted back into their folded position, in which they are disengaged from the claws. Correspondingly, the winding shaft 12 remains in the position when the roller shutter belt 56 is released.

It is therefore also possible to interrupt the catching process of the curtain by releasing it in the meantime and then rewinding the belt without the curtain position changing in the meantime. This means that the roller shutter belt 56 can also be made considerably shorter than would be necessary for catching up in one train. The belt length can thereby be reduced considerably, so that in the area of the emergency drive 44 only a little more radial Space to wind up the roller shutter belt is needed if this should matter.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways. So emergency drives with the same effect can also be used in other shading systems as roller shutters that have a winding shaft, such as systems with cloth curtains or slat curtains that can be adjusted in their extension length with windable elevator belts. Instead of the actuating belt described in connection with the roller shutter, actuating cords, revolving ball chains or endless cords can also be used, with endless actuators not being combined with a mainspring. An operating crank can also be used for manual actuation of the emergency drive with a corresponding reversing gear.

Reference list

10th

Roller shutter drive

12th

Winding shaft

14

Freewheel

16

Driver element

18th

ball-bearing

20

Bearing cap

22

Bearing journal

24th

screw

25th

Side panel

26

Bearing washer

28

Bearing ring

30th

Housing / turned part

32

Claw clutch

34

Contour disk / control section

36

Guide contour

38

Control pin

40

Pawl / claw element

42

Claw adapter

44

Emergency drive

46

Belt pulley

48

Outer peripheral surface

50

Axial ribs

52

Axial grooves

54

Inner circumferential surface

56

Roller shutter belt

58

Driving force

Claims (17)

1. Shading device with an emergency opening function, wherein the device has an electric drive motor, a winding shaft (12), a hanging which can be wound onto the winding shaft (12) or a lifting member which can be wound with the winding shaft and a mechanical emergency drive (44), wherein the drive motor is coupled to the winding shaft (12) via a freewheel (14), which is blocked in the raising direction of the hanging, characterised in that the emergency drive (44) is connected to the winding shaft (12) via a coupling (32), wherein the coupling (12) can be switched into a closed position by the actuation of the emergency drive (44) in a load-controlled or movement-controlled manner and is in an open position when the emergency drive (44) is unloaded.
2. Shading device according to claim 1, characterised in that the coupling is formed as a friction coupling.
3. Shading device according to claim 2, characterised in that the friction coupling has a wrap spring, which, when the emergency drive is loaded, wraps around a carrier shaft connected in a rotationally rigid manner to the winding shaft, with an increase in the friction torque.
4. Shading device according to claim 1, characterised in that a claw coupling (32) is provided as the coupling, which has at least one axially or radially movable claw element (40) for producing the positive locking in the closed position.
5. Shading device according to claim 4, characterised in that the at least one claw element is mounted on a rotary part (30) of the emergency drive (44) which is arranged rotatably relative to a control part (34), which moves the at least one claw element (40) into the closed position of the coupling (32) with a relative rotation of the rotary part (30), wherein the at least one claw element (40) positively engages with a claw adapter (42) connected in a rotationally rigid manner to the winding shaft (12).
6. Shading device according to claim 5, characterised in that at least one radially movable pawl (40) is provided as claw elements, which are mounted pivotably on the rotary part (30).
7. Shading device according to claim 6, characterised in that the pawls (40) each have one control pin (38) arranged offset from the pivot axis, the control pin being guided in a guide contour (36) of the control part (34).
8. Shading device according to claim 7, characterised in that the pawls (40) are biased by means of a spring element in the direction of their position disengaged from the claw adapter (42) and/or the relative rotational path is bounded between the rotary part (30) and the control part (34).
9. Shading device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rotary part (30) is connected to a roller or a disc in a rotationally rigid manner.
10. Shading device according to claim 9, characterised in that the roller or the disc is configured as a winding roller or winding disc (46), onto which a flexible drive member (56) can be wound.
11. Shading device according to claim 10, characterised in that a free end of the drive member is fixed on a fixing point.
12. Shading device according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that a mainspring (58) is provided for pulling back the drive member (56), and biases the winding roller or winding disc (46) in the direction of the wound state in the rotation direction.
13. Shading device according to claim 12, characterised in that the mainspring (58) is clamped between a stationary bearing and the rotary part (30).
14. Shading device according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the lifting member (56) is shorter than is required to completely lift the hanging, such that the pulling-up process is effected by multiple actuation of the lifting member (56) drawn back in the interim by the mainspring (58).
15. Shading device according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the roller or disc is configured as a deflection roller or deflection disc, via which a circumferential, loop-shaped flexible drive member is guided by being frictionally or positively transported.
16. Shading device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the freewheel (14) decouples the drive motor from the winding shaft (12) in the driving direction only above a limit torque.
17. Shading device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electric drive motor or a gear located between the drive motor and the freewheel (14) is configured in a self-locking manner.

Images