EP3326885B1 - Wedge for re-railing a rail-guided vehicle and associated re-railing method - Google Patents

Wedge for re-railing a rail-guided vehicle and associated re-railing method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3326885B1
EP3326885B1 EP17198132.7A EP17198132A EP3326885B1 EP 3326885 B1 EP3326885 B1 EP 3326885B1 EP 17198132 A EP17198132 A EP 17198132A EP 3326885 B1 EP3326885 B1 EP 3326885B1
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module
wedge
ball
levage
modules
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3326885A1 (en
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Jean-Christophe LEMAY
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SAMS
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Sams
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61KAUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K5/00Apparatus for placing vehicles on the track; Derailers; Lifting or lowering rail vehicle axles or wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of guided vehicles on rails, such as trams and tram-trains.
  • It relates more particularly to the equipment provided in case of derailment of these vehicles to carry out their re-engraying, that is to say the complete delivery on rails of all modules or wagons of the same vehicle or train.
  • the invention aims to propose a new re-braking solution when at least a portion of the vehicle is completely out of the rails of the track, but without having tilted on one of its flanks.
  • Vehicle guided on rails means, here and in the context of the invention, means of public transport such as buses, trolleybuses, trams, subways, trains or train units, etc., for which the safety aspect is very important and for which guidance is provided in particular by rails.
  • the latter serve as a guide for a guide member of the guided vehicle, said guide member generally bearing on the rails and following its path during the movement of the guided vehicle.
  • the guide member allows for example a guide system to direct a steering axle of the guided vehicle along the path defined by the rails, the axle being attached to a bogie.
  • a conventional method is to use a crane lifting modules (wagons) vehicles for their re-braking.
  • this method can not be implemented in tunnels or narrow spaces because they do not allow the installation of a crane space, it has the disadvantage of a high intervention cost and a period immobilization of vehicles both long and costly in operation.
  • the lifting, bringing together and handing to the guide rails of said module can be implemented by relatively light handling means which consist of hydraulic assemblies set in place below said modules.
  • the front module A of the five-module tram (wagons) is completely out of its guide rails R, the second module B directly linked to the module A by the linkage X1 is partially out while the third module C linked to the module B by the articulation X2 as well as the last two modules D and E are still positioned on the rails R.
  • the tramway is then completely re-rifled ( figure 4 ).
  • the general object of the invention is to meet at least part of this need.
  • a particular goal is to propose a solution that is both simple and quick to implement and inexpensive.
  • the shim according to the invention is made with the coefficient of friction between the bearing part and the part of the vehicle module determined to be greater than that between the two patella portions itself greater than that between sliding pad and base.
  • patella portions according to the invention are substantially half-ball joints.
  • the invention essentially consists in defining a wedge that will allow, when a vehicle module is moved by shifting by means of a suitable hydraulic cylinder as in the state of the art to bring it closer to the rails of guiding, to slide the modules supported by said wedge also in the direction of the guide rails.
  • the ball joint connection of the wedge ensures pivoting of the module which is supported to maintain it substantially horizontally when sliding on the hold.
  • the derailed vehicle whose modules to the bogies planted in the ground are braced against each other by forming at least locally a zigzag, is allowed to spread again according to a straight rectilinear direction and therefore to bring all the modules simultaneously to the guide rails.
  • the shim according to the invention is easy to make and put in place under the lifting points provided modules of a vehicle. It is thus perfectly complementary to existing hydraulic lifting and shifting units.
  • the support piece and / or the two ball portions is (are) aluminum.
  • the sliding pad is made of nylon, possibly covered with grease.
  • the base can be steel.
  • the wedge may have a generally circular shape.
  • the sliding shoe is advantageously a massive piece of parallelepiped general shape.
  • the two ball portions are connected together by means of a central bolted axle.
  • the clearance between the axis of the bolt and the bores of the two ball portions in which it is mounted is advantageously determined to confer a swivel angle between 1.5 and 4 ° between the two half-portions of ball joints around the X axis.
  • the sliding shoe is linked in translation with the lower ball portion by means of a connecting piece fixed to the lower ball portion, in particular by means of a plurality of screws, and a portion of which forms a centering pin mounted in a bore of the pad.
  • the wedge 5 extending along a longitudinal axis X first comprises a support piece 6 adapted to directly or indirectly support a portion of one of the vehicle modules.
  • This support piece 6 is fixed to an upper half-ball joint 7 which forms with a lower semi-ball joint 8, a ball joint connection about the axis X.
  • the support piece 6 can be attached to the upper half-ball joint by means of screws 14.
  • the two half-ball joints 7, 8 can be connected together by means of a central bolted axle 9 mounted through with clearance in corresponding bores 70, 80 of the half-balls 7, 8.
  • the clearance between the axis 90 of the bolt 9 and the bores 70, 80 is determined to confer a swivel angle of between 1.5 and 4 ° between the two half-ball joints about the axis X.
  • the function of the ball joint is to rotate the support piece 6 about the vertical axis X and thus bring the module of the vehicle which is supported when the slide to bring it back to the guide rails R.
  • the support piece 6 and the half-ball joints 7, 8 may be metal, preferably aluminum.
  • a sliding pad 10 is integrally formed with or is bonded at least in translation orthogonal to the X axis to the bottom half-ball 8.
  • the shoe 10 can be linked in translation with the lower half-ball joint 8 by means of a connecting piece 12 fixed to the latter, in particular by means of a plurality of screws 13.
  • This connecting piece 12 may comprise a centering pin 120 mounted in a bore 100 of the pad 10, which allows a centering of the mounting of the ball joints 7, 8 with respect to the pad 10.
  • a base 11 in plane support with the sliding pad 10, adapted to be in contact directly or indirectly with the ground close to the rails on which the vehicle must be re-reaming,
  • the coefficient of friction between the support piece 6 and the part of the vehicle module is determined to be greater than that between the two half-ball joints 7, 8 itself greater than that between sliding pad 10 and base 11.
  • the sliding pad 10 may be made of nylon, if necessary coated with grease in order to allow a good sliding relative to the base 11 and thus a good sliding of a module supported by the shim 5 according to the invention with respect to on the ground.
  • the tram-train is then completely re-rifled.
  • the tramway is then completely re-rifled.
  • a shim 5 according to the invention makes it possible to solve any situation of the complete derailment of a tram-train or a tramway, it being understood that this applies preferentially to situations in which the modules remain relatively close to the rails. guidance.
  • Shims 5 will make it possible to perform translational and pivoting movements of at least a portion of the modules when at a given moment of the re-tramline of the tramway, it is necessary to push or to bring back the extreme modules (end cars).
  • the invention can equally well be applied in any situation of partial derailment of the modules of a vehicle guided on rails.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne le domaine des véhicules guidés sur rails, tels que les tramways et tram-trains.The present invention relates to the field of guided vehicles on rails, such as trams and tram-trains.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement les équipements prévus en cas de déraillement de ces véhicules pour procéder à leur ré-enraillement, c'est-à-dire la remise complète sur rails de tous les modules ou wagons d'un même véhicule ou rame.It relates more particularly to the equipment provided in case of derailment of these vehicles to carry out their re-engraying, that is to say the complete delivery on rails of all modules or wagons of the same vehicle or train.

Ainsi, l'invention vise à proposer une nouvelle solution de ré-enraillement lorsqu'au moins une partie du véhicule est complètement sortie des rails de la voie, mais sans avoir basculé sur l'un de ses flancs.Thus, the invention aims to propose a new re-braking solution when at least a portion of the vehicle is completely out of the rails of the track, but without having tilted on one of its flanks.

Par « véhicule guidé sur rails », il faut comprendre ici et dans le cadre de l'invention, un moyen de transport en commun tels que bus, trolleybus, tramways, métros, train ou unités de train, etc., pour lesquels l'aspect sécuritaire est très important et pour lesquels le guidage est assuré en particulier par des rails. Ces derniers servent de guide à un organe de guidage du véhicule guidé, ledit organe de guidage prenant généralement appui sur les rails et suivant sa trajectoire au cours du déplacement du véhicule guidé. L'organe de guidage permet par exemple à un système de guidage de diriger un essieu directeur du véhicule guidé selon la trajectoire définie par les rails, l'essieu étant fixé à un bogie."Vehicle guided on rails" means, here and in the context of the invention, means of public transport such as buses, trolleybuses, trams, subways, trains or train units, etc., for which the safety aspect is very important and for which guidance is provided in particular by rails. The latter serve as a guide for a guide member of the guided vehicle, said guide member generally bearing on the rails and following its path during the movement of the guided vehicle. The guide member allows for example a guide system to direct a steering axle of the guided vehicle along the path defined by the rails, the axle being attached to a bogie.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Le déraillement de véhicules hors de leurs rails de guidage n'est pas rare et peut se produire dans bon nombre de situations, en particuliers pour les trams ou les trams-trains. Le document DE 195 02 292 C1 décrit une cale pour le ré-enraillement d'un véhicule à plusieurs modules destinés à être guidés sur rails.The derailment of vehicles out of their guide rails is not uncommon and can occur in many situations, especially for trams or tram-trains. The document DE 195 02 292 C1 describes a shim for the re-railing of a vehicle with several modules intended to be guided on rails.

Actuellement, plusieurs techniques de ré-enraillement existent.Currently, several re-enrage techniques exist.

Une méthode classique consiste à utiliser une grue de levage des modules (wagons) des véhicules pour leur ré-enraillement. Outre le fait que cette méthode ne peut être mise en oeuvre dans des tunnels ou des espaces étroits car ils n'autorisent pas l'implantation d'une grue de l'espace, elle a comme inconvénient un coût d'intervention élevé et une période d'immobilisation des véhicules à la fois longue et coûteuse en exploitation.A conventional method is to use a crane lifting modules (wagons) vehicles for their re-braking. In addition to the fact that this method can not be implemented in tunnels or narrow spaces because they do not allow the installation of a crane space, it has the disadvantage of a high intervention cost and a period immobilization of vehicles both long and costly in operation.

Lorsque seul un ou deux modules (wagons) d'une rame ont déraillé, le levage, le rapprochement et la remise aux rails de guidage dudit module peuvent être mis en oeuvre par des moyens de manutention relativement légers qui sont constitués par des ensembles hydrauliques mis en place en dessous desdits modules.When only one or two modules (wagons) of a train have derailed, the lifting, bringing together and handing to the guide rails of said module can be implemented by relatively light handling means which consist of hydraulic assemblies set in place below said modules.

On a représenté aux figures 1 à 4, un ré-enraillement d'un tramway tel qu'il est mis actuellement mis en oeuvre par le déposant au moyen d'ensembles hydrauliques.Representatives Figures 1 to 4 , a re-enrairement of a tram as it is currently implemented by the applicant by means of hydraulic assemblies.

Comme montré en figures 1 et 2, le module avant A du tramway à cinq modules (wagons) est complètement sorti de ses rails de guidage R, le deuxième module B directement lié au module A par l'articulation X1 est en partie sorti tandis que le troisième module C lié au module B par l'articulation X2 ainsi que les deux derniers modules D et E sont encore positionnés sur les rails R.As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the front module A of the five-module tram (wagons) is completely out of its guide rails R, the second module B directly linked to the module A by the linkage X1 is partially out while the third module C linked to the module B by the articulation X2 as well as the last two modules D and E are still positioned on the rails R.

Le réenraillement est mis en oeuvre selon les étapes successives comme suit.

  • Etape a/ : On cale chaque côté de la roue, le boggie du module E et/ou C, par l'intermédiaire de cales roue 1, de manière à ce que le tramway ne puisse pas bouger (figure 3A). On peut également réaliser le calage en actionnant le système de frein du tramway0
  • Etape b/ : Une fois le calage effectué, on vient bloquer l'articulation X2 à l'aide d'une barre de blocage 2 (figure 3B).
  • Etape c/ : Une fois le blocage de l'articulation X2 effectif, on vient agencer un vérin hydraulique 3, dit de pré-levage, en dessous de chacun des points de levage A1 et A2 prévus à cet effet sur le dessous du module A (figure 3C).
  • Etape d/ : On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins 3 aux points A1 et A2 pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un premier levage, appelé pré-levage, du module A (figure 3D).
  • Etape e/ : Une fois le prélevage effectué, on vient positionner un ensemble hydraulique 4 en dessous de chacun des points de levage A3 et A4 du module A (figure 3E).
    Plus précisément, comme illustré en figure 3E, un ensemble hydraulique 4 comprend un châssis 40 sur roues 41 sur lequel est monté un chariot 42 supportant un premier vérin hydraulique 43, dit vérin de levage, adapté pour soulever à la verticale une partie du module A du tramway.
    Un vérin de levage 43 est ainsi agencé en dessous de chaque point de levage A3, A4.
    Le chariot 42 est monté mobile en translation sur le châssis 40 au moyen d'un deuxième vérin hydraulique 4, dit vérin de ripage 4. Ce vérin de ripage 44 est adapté pour permettre le ripage, c'est-à-dire le glissement du chariot et donc le déplacement en translation horizontale du module sans le soulever.
  • Etape f/ : On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage 43 aux points A3 et A4, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée afin de réaliser un levage complet du module A (figure 3F).
    Comme montré en figure 3F, dans cette position extrême déployée des vérins 43, le module A ne repose plus sur les vérins de prélevage 3.
  • Etape g/ : On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de ripage 44, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un ripage du chariot 42 et donc du module A, c'est-à-dire son déplacement en translation horizontale en direction des rails de guidage R (figures 3G et 3H).
    En parallèle, on procède au déplacement manuel des vérins de prélevage 3 de sorte à ce qu'ils soeint agencés en dessous des points de levage A1 et A2 en fin de course en translation du chariot 42.
  • Etape h/ : Une fois le chariot 42 en fin de course de translation, et donc le module A rapproché le plus possible des rails R sur le châssis, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage 43, pour les amener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser le module A.
    Dans cette position, les vérins de levage 43 n'ont plus de contact avec le module A qui repose en revanche, de nouveau sur les vérins de prélevage 3.
  • Etape i/ : On réitère alors les étapes c/ à h/ jusqu'à ce que les modules A et B soient alignés (figure 3I).
  • Etape j/ : Une fois l'alignement entre les modules A et B effectué, on vient retirer la barre de blocage 2 de l'articulation X2 pour l'insérer sur l'articulation X1 (flèche incurvée en figure 3J), afin de bloquer cette dernière.
  • Etape j/ : On réitère alors les étapes c/ à h/, éventuellement en plusieurs fois jusqu'à ce que le module A soit au dessus des rails de guidage R.
  • Etape k/ : On enlève alors les ensembles hydrauliques 4.
  • Etape l/ : On abaisser ensuite les vérins de pré-levage 3 pour déposer le bogie du module A dans les rails de guidage R.
  • Etape m/ : Une fois le bogie logé dans les rails R, on enlève respectivement les vérins de pré-levage 3, la barre d'articulation 2 et les cales de roue 1.
Re-grinding is carried out according to the successive steps as follows.
  • Step a /: We lock each side of the wheel, the bogie of the module E and / or C, by means of wedges wheel 1, so that the trolley can not move ( figure 3A ). It is also possible to make the setting by operating the brake system of the tramway0
  • Step b /: Once the setting is carried out, one comes to block the articulation X2 with the help of a blocking bar 2 ( figure 3B ).
  • Step c / : Once the locking of the articulation X2 is effective, it comes to arrange a hydraulic cylinder 3, called pre-lifting, below each of the lifting points A1 and A2 provided for this purpose on the underside of the module A ( figure 3C ).
  • Step d / : Then actuate each of the two jacks 3 at points A1 and A2 to bring them into their extended deployed position, in order to perform a first lift, called pre-lifting, of the module A ( 3D figure ).
  • Step e /: Once sampling is done, it is positioned a hydraulic assembly 4 below each of the lifting points A3 and A4 of module A ( figure 3E ).
    Specifically, as illustrated in figure 3E , a hydraulic assembly 4 comprises a frame 40 on wheels 41 on which is mounted a carriage 42 supporting a first hydraulic cylinder 43, said lifting cylinder, adapted to lift a portion of the module A of the tramway vertically.
    A lifting jack 43 is thus arranged below each lifting point A3, A4.
    The carriage 42 is mounted to move in translation on the chassis 40 by means of a second hydraulic cylinder 4, called the shifting cylinder 4. This shifting cylinder 44 is adapted to allow the shifting, that is to say the sliding of the carriage and therefore the displacement in horizontal translation of the module without lifting.
  • Step f /: Each of the two lifting jacks 43 is then actuated at points A3 and A4, to bring them into their extended deployed position in order to completely lift the module A ( figure 3F ).
    As shown in figure 3F in this extreme deployed position of the cylinders 43, the module A no longer rests on the sampling cylinders 3.
  • Step g /: We then actuate each of the two jacks 44, to bring them into their deployed extreme position, to achieve a shifting of the carriage 42 and therefore the module A, that is to say its displacement in horizontal translation towards the guide rails R ( 3G figures and 3H ).
    In parallel, the tapping cylinders 3 are manually moved so that they are arranged below the lifting points A1 and A2 at the end of travel in translation of the carriage 42.
  • Step h /: Once the carriage 42 at the end of the translational stroke, and therefore the module A as close as possible to the rails R on the frame, is actuated each of the two lifting cylinders 43, to bring them into their folded extreme position , in order to lower the A module.
    In this position, the lifting cylinders 43 no longer have contact with the module A, which rests on the other hand, again on the sampling cylinders 3.
  • Step i /: It then repeats the steps c / h / until the modules A and B are aligned ( figure 3I ).
  • Step j / : Once the alignment between the modules A and B is performed, we just remove the locking bar 2 of the articulation X2 to insert it on the articulation X1 (curved arrow in figure 3J ), in order to block the latter.
  • Step j / : It then repeats steps c / h /, possibly several times until the module A is above the guide rails R.
  • Step k / : Then remove the hydraulic assemblies 4.
  • Step l / : Then lower the pre-lifting cylinders 3 to remove the bogie module A in the guide rails R.
  • Step m / : Once the bogie housed in the rails R, the pre-lifting cylinders 3, the hinge bar 2 and the wheel chocks 1 are removed respectively.

Le tramway est alors complètement réenraillé (figure 4).The tramway is then completely re-rifled ( figure 4 ).

Ce process s'avère très satisfaisant dans de très grand nombre de situations de déraillement rencontrées. Cependant, il existe des situations de déraillement où les moyens de manutention légers précités ne peuvent suffire car les wagons (modules) déraillés sont arc-boutés par leurs attelages. Typiquement, cela peut se rencontrer lorsque tous les modules ont complètement déraillé, c'est-à-dire sont tous en dehors des rails et avec, en quelque sorte, leurs bogies plantés dans le sol.This process is very satisfactory in a large number of derailment situations encountered. However, there are derailment situations where the light handling means mentioned above can not suffice because the derailed cars (modules) are buttressed by their hitches. Typically, this can happen when all the modules have completely derailed, that is, they are all off the rails and with, in a way, their bogies planted in the ground.

Aussi, le process détaillé ci-avant ne peut s'appliquer avec les mêmes moyens de manutention que ceux précédemment cités car de facto les mouvements entre modules sont limités et contraints selon des directions non favorables à leur remise sur les rails de guidage.Also, the process detailed above can not be applied with the same handling means as those mentioned above because de facto movements between modules are limited and constrained in directions not favorable to their delivery on the guide rails.

On pourrait augmenter le nombre de moyens de manutentions et en particulier le nombre d'équipements hydrauliques avec vérins de levage et ripage mais cela serait vite rédhibitoire aussi bien en termes de coût d'équipement qu'en temps d'installation et de manoeuvre.It could increase the number of handling means and in particular the number of hydraulic equipment with lifting jacks and shifting but this would quickly be unacceptable both in terms of equipment cost and time of installation and maneuvering.

Il existe donc un besoin d'améliorer les solutions de réenraillement de véhicules guidés sur rails, notamment dans des situations, typiquement de déraillement complet des modules (wagons) de véhicules, où ceux-ci sont arc-boités et leurs mouvements limités et contraints selon des directions non favorables à leur remise sur les rails de guidage.There is therefore a need to improve rail-guided vehicle re-rigging solutions, especially in situations, typically of complete derailment of the vehicle (wagon) modules, where these are arc-limed and their movements restricted and constrained according to directions not favorable to their delivery on the guide rails.

Le but général de l'invention est de répondre au moins en partie à ce besoin.The general object of the invention is to meet at least part of this need.

Un but particulier est de proposer une solution qui soit à la fois simple et rapide à mettre en oeuvre et peu coûteuse.A particular goal is to propose a solution that is both simple and quick to implement and inexpensive.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

Pour ce faire, l'invention a pour objet une cale pour le ré-enraillement d'un véhicule à plusieurs modules, destinés à être guidés sur rails, qui s'étend selon un axe longitudinal, la cale comprenant :

  • une pièce d'appui, adaptée pour supporter directement ou indirectement une partie d'un module du véhicule lorsque celui-ci est déraillé,
  • deux portions de rotule définissant entre elles une liaison rotule autour de l'axe X, la portion de rotule du dessus étant formée intégralement avec ou fixée à la pièce d'appui,
  • un patin de glissement formé intégralement avec ou lié à la portion de rotule du dessous, au moins en translation orthogonalement à l'axe X,
  • une embase en appui-plan avec le patin de glissement, adaptée pour être en contact directement ou indirectement avec le sol à proximité des rails sur lesquels le véhicule doit être ré-enrailler.
To do this, the object of the invention is a shim for re-braking a multi-module vehicle intended to be guided on rails, which extends along a longitudinal axis, the shim comprising:
  • a support piece adapted to directly or indirectly support a part of a module of the vehicle when it is derailed,
  • two patella portions defining between them a ball joint about the X axis, the upper ball portion being formed integrally with or fixed to the support piece,
  • a sliding shoe formed integrally with or bonded to the bottom ball portion, at least in translation orthogonal to the X axis,
  • a base in plane support with the sliding pad, adapted to be in contact directly or indirectly with the ground close to the rails on which the vehicle must be re-scraped.

La cale selon l'invention est réalisée avec le coefficient de frottement entre pièce d'appui et partie du module du véhicule déterminé pour être supérieur à celui entre les deux portions de rotule lui-même supérieur à celui entre patin de glissement et embase.The shim according to the invention is made with the coefficient of friction between the bearing part and the part of the vehicle module determined to be greater than that between the two patella portions itself greater than that between sliding pad and base.

Les portions de rotule selon l'invention sont sensiblement des demi-rotules.The patella portions according to the invention are substantially half-ball joints.

Ainsi, l'invention consiste essentiellement à définir une cale qui va permettre, lorsqu'un module du véhicule est déplacé par ripage au moyen d'un vérin hydraulique approprié comme selon l'état de l'art en vue de le rapprocher des rails de guidage, de faire glisser les modules supportés par ladite cale également en direction des rails de guidage. La liaison rotule de la cale permet de garantir un pivotement du module qui est supporté pour le maintenir sensiblement à l'horizontale lors du glissement sur la cale.Thus, the invention essentially consists in defining a wedge that will allow, when a vehicle module is moved by shifting by means of a suitable hydraulic cylinder as in the state of the art to bring it closer to the rails of guiding, to slide the modules supported by said wedge also in the direction of the guide rails. The ball joint connection of the wedge ensures pivoting of the module which is supported to maintain it substantially horizontally when sliding on the hold.

Autrement dit, avec plusieurs cales selon l'invention, on permet au véhicule déraillé, dont les modules aux bogies plantés dans le sol sont arc-boutés les uns contre les autres en formant au moins localement un zigzag, de s'expandre à nouveau selon une direction rectiligne principale et donc de ramener tous les modules simultanément vers les rails de guidage.In other words, with several shims according to the invention, the derailed vehicle, whose modules to the bogies planted in the ground are braced against each other by forming at least locally a zigzag, is allowed to spread again according to a straight rectilinear direction and therefore to bring all the modules simultaneously to the guide rails.

La cale selon l'invention est aisée à réaliser et à mettre en place sous les points de levage prévus des modules d'un véhicule. Elle est ainsi parfaitement complémentaire aux ensembles hydrauliques de levage et ripage existants.The shim according to the invention is easy to make and put in place under the lifting points provided modules of a vehicle. It is thus perfectly complementary to existing hydraulic lifting and shifting units.

De préférence, la pièce d'appui et/ou les deux portions de rotule est(sont) en aluminium.Preferably, the support piece and / or the two ball portions is (are) aluminum.

De préférence encore, le patin de glissement est en nylon, le cas échéant recouvert de graisse.More preferably, the sliding pad is made of nylon, possibly covered with grease.

L'embase peut être en acier. La cale peut avoir une forme générale circulaire.The base can be steel. The wedge may have a generally circular shape.

Le patin de glissement est avantageusement une pièce massive de forme générale parallépipédique.The sliding shoe is advantageously a massive piece of parallelepiped general shape.

Selon une variante de construction avantageuse, les deux portions de rotule sont liées ensemble au moyen d'un axe boulonné central. Selon cette variante, le jeu entre l'axe du boulon et les alésages des deux portions de rotule dans lesquelles il est monté traversant est déterminé avantageusement pour conférer un angle de rotulage compris entre 1,5 et 4° entre les deux demi-portions de rotules autour de l'axe X.According to an advantageous construction variant, the two ball portions are connected together by means of a central bolted axle. According to this variant, the clearance between the axis of the bolt and the bores of the two ball portions in which it is mounted is advantageously determined to confer a swivel angle between 1.5 and 4 ° between the two half-portions of ball joints around the X axis.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation avantageuse, le patin de glissement est lié en translation avec la portion de rotule du dessous au moyen d'une pièce de liaison fixée à la portion de rotule du dessous, notamment au moyen d'une pluralité de vis, et dont une partie forme une goupille de centrage montée dans un alésage du patin.According to another advantageous embodiment, the sliding shoe is linked in translation with the lower ball portion by means of a connecting piece fixed to the lower ball portion, in particular by means of a plurality of screws, and a portion of which forms a centering pin mounted in a bore of the pad.

On peut également prévoir de fixer la pièce d'appui dans la portion de rotule du dessus au moyen d'une pluralité de vis.It is also possible to fix the support piece in the upper ball portion by means of a plurality of screws.

L'invention a également pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un procédé de ré-enraillement d'un véhicule (T) à plusieurs modules (A, B, C, D, E) destinés à être guidés sur rails (R), le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • un levage d'une partie d'au moins un module du véhicule, de sorte à avoir un bogie d'un module soulevé du sol;
  • mise en place de la cale telle que décrite précédemment, de sorte à maintenir le bogie du module à distance du sol par la pièce d'appui de la cale supportant ledit module;
  • levage et ripage transversalement à l'axe longitudinal d'au moins un module, dont le ou les bogies sont maintenus soulevés du sol par la ou les cales véhicule levée, de sorte à au moins rapprocher ledit module des rails.
Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a method of re-braking a vehicle (T) with several modules (A, B, C, D, E) intended to be guided on rails (R ), the method comprising the following steps:
  • lifting a portion of at least one module of the vehicle, so as to have a bogie of a module raised from the ground;
  • implementation of the shim as described above, so as to maintain the bogie of the module at a distance from the ground by the support piece of the wedge supporting said module;
  • lifting and shifting transversely to the longitudinal axis of at least one module, the or bogies are kept raised from the ground by the or the vehicle holds lifted, so at least closer to said module rails.

Description détailléedetailed description

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée, faite à titre illustratif en référence aux figures suivantes parmi lesquelles:

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un tramway à cinq modules (wagons) articulés entre eux, dans une configuration de déraillement partiel de ses modules avant,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique du dessus montrant la configuration de déraillement partiel du tramway selon la figure 1 ainsi que les points de levage et les articulations entre les modules avant du tramway hors de ses rails de guidage,
  • la figure 3A est une vue schématique en perspective montrant la mise en place de cales de roue de bogie d'un module non déraillé du tramway selon les figures 1 et 2,
  • la figure 3B est une vue schématique en perspective montrant la mise en place d'une barre de blocage de l'articulation entre deux modules du tramway selon les figures 1 et 2,
  • les figures 3C et 3D sont des vues schématiques de côté montrant l'agencement au niveau d'un point de levage, d'un vérin de pré-levage d'un module du tramway selon les figures 1 et 2, respectivement en position extrême repliée et en position extrême déployée correspondant à un soulèvement partiel du module,
  • les figures 3E et 3F sont des vues schématiques de côté montrant l'agencement au niveau d'un point de levage, d'un ensemble hydraulique avec un vérin de levage d'un module du tramway selon les figures 1 et 2, respectivement en position extrême repliée et en position extrême déployée correspondant à un soulèvement du module, le vérin de pré-levage ne supportant plus le module dans la position extrême déployée du vérin de levage,
  • la figure 3G est une vue schématique de côté montrant le ripage des modules avant du tramway déraillé selon les figures 1 et 2, en vue de les rapprocher des rails de guidage,
  • les figures 3H et 3I sont des vues schématiques respectivement de côté et en perspective montrant la position de fin de course de ripage du chariot mobile supportant le vérin de levage lui-même supportant le module déraillé du tramway,
  • les figures 3C et 3D sont des vues schématiques de côté montrant l'agencement au niveau d'un point de levage, un vérin de pré-levage d'un module du tramway selon les figures 1 et 2, respectivement en position extrême repliée et en position extrême déployée correspondant à un soulèvement partiel du module,
  • la figure 3J montre le tramway en vue en perspective une fois les deux modules avant réalignés, une barre de blocage étant insérée dans l'articulation entre ces deux modules,
  • la figure 4 montre le tramway réenraillé sur ses rails de guidage après réitération des différentes étapes des figures 2 à 3J,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale et en perspective d'un exemple de cale selon l'invention, prévue pour le réenraillement d'un tramway ou d'un tram-train en configuration déraillée de l'ensemble de ses modules (wagons),
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la cale selon la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique du dessus montrant la configuration de déraillement total d'un tram-train à trois modules articulés entre eux, avant son réenraillement dans ses rails de guidage au moyen notamment de plusieurs cales selon les figures 5 et 6,
  • la figure 8 est une vue schématique du dessus montrant la configuration de déraillement total d'un tramway à cinq modules articulés entre eux, avant son réenraillement dans ses rails de guidage au moyen notamment de plusieurs cales selon les figures 5 et 6.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly on reading the detailed description, given by way of illustration with reference to the following figures among which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tram with five modules (wagons) articulated with each other, in a configuration of partial derailment of its modules before,
  • the figure 2 is a schematic view from above showing the partial derailment configuration of the tramway according to the figure 1 as well as the lifting points and the joints between the front modules of the tramway out of its guide rails,
  • the figure 3A is a schematic perspective view showing the installation of bogie wheel chocks of a non derailed module of the tramway according to the Figures 1 and 2 ,
  • the figure 3B is a schematic perspective view showing the establishment of a locking bar of the articulation between two modules of the tramway according to the Figures 1 and 2 ,
  • the Figures 3C and 3D are schematic side views showing the arrangement at a lifting point of a pre-hoist cylinder of a tramway module according to the Figures 1 and 2 , respectively in the folded extreme position and in the deployed extreme position corresponding to a partial lifting of the module,
  • the Figures 3E and 3F are schematic side views showing the arrangement at a lifting point of a hydraulic assembly with a lifting cylinder of a tramway module according to the Figures 1 and 2 , respectively in the folded extreme position and in the deployed extreme position corresponding to a lifting of the module, the pre-lifting jack no longer supporting the module in the extended extended position of the lifting cylinder,
  • the figure 3G is a schematic side view showing the shifting of the modules ahead of the derailed tramway according to the Figures 1 and 2 , in order to bring them closer to the guide rails,
  • the Figures 3H and 3I are schematic side and perspective views, respectively, showing the end-of-travel position of the mobile carriage supporting the lifting cylinder itself supporting the derailed module of the tramway,
  • the Figures 3C and 3D are schematic side views showing the arrangement at a lifting point, a pre-lifting cylinder of a tramway module according to the Figures 1 and 2 , respectively in the folded extreme position and in the deployed extreme position corresponding to a partial lifting of the module,
  • the figure 3J shows the tramway in perspective view once both modules before realigned, a locking bar being inserted in the articulation between these two modules,
  • the figure 4 shows the tramway re-rifled on its guide rails after reiteration of the different stages of Figures 2 to 3J ,
  • the figure 5 is a view in longitudinal section and in perspective of an example of a shim according to the invention, provided for the re-tramline of a tram or a tram-train in a derailed configuration of all of its modules (wagons),
  • the figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hold according to the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 7 is a schematic view from above showing the total derailment configuration of a tram-train with three modules articulated between them, before its re-ignition in its guide rails by means in particular of several shims according to the Figures 5 and 6 ,
  • the figure 8 is a schematic view from above showing the total derailment configuration of a tramway with five modules articulated with each other, before it is re-engaged in its guide rails by means in particular of several shims according to the Figures 5 and 6 .

Par souci de clarté, les mêmes références désignant les mêmes éléments d'un véhicule (tramway, tram-train) selon l'état de l'art et selon l'invention sont utilisées pour toutes les figures 1 à 8.For the sake of clarity, the same references designating the same elements of a vehicle (tramway, tram-train) according to the state of the art and according to the invention are used for all Figures 1 to 8 .

On précise que les différents éléments selon l'invention sont représentés uniquement par souci de clarté et qu'ils ne sont pas à l'échelle.It is specified that the various elements according to the invention are represented solely for the sake of clarity and that they are not to scale.

Les termes «en dessous », « au-dessus », « bas », « haut », « inférieure » et « supérieure » sont à comprendre par référence à une configuration d'un véhicule par rapport au sol. Ainsi, un vérin de levage hydraulique 43 vient en dessous d'un point de levage d'un module du véhicule afin de le soulever vers le haut.The terms "below", "above", "down", "up", "below" and "above" are to be understood by reference to a configuration of a vehicle relative to the ground. Thus, a hydraulic lift cylinder 43 comes below a lifting point of a vehicle module to lift it upwards.

Les figures 1 à 4 ont déjà été commentées en détail en préambule. Elles ne sont donc pas décrites ci-après.The Figures 1 to 4 have already been commented in detail in the preamble. They are therefore not described below.

Pour permettre le ré-enraillement sur rails de guidage (R) d'un véhicule dont l'ensemble de ses modules a déraillé, l'inventeur a pensé à réaliser une cale 5 telle qu'illustrée en figures 5 et 6.To enable the re-railing on guide rails (R) of a vehicle whose assembly of its modules has derailed, the inventor has thought to make a shim 5 as illustrated in FIG. Figures 5 and 6 .

La cale 5 qui s'étend selon un axe longitudinal X comprend tout d'abord une pièce d'appui 6 adaptée pour supporter directement ou indirectement une partie d'un des modules du véhicule.The wedge 5 extending along a longitudinal axis X first comprises a support piece 6 adapted to directly or indirectly support a portion of one of the vehicle modules.

Cette pièce d'appui 6 est fixée à une demi-rotule supérieure 7 qui forme avec une demi-rotule inférieure 8, une liaison rotule autour de l'axe X. Tel que dans l'exemple illustré, la pièce d'appui 6 peut être fixée à la demi-rotule supérieure au moyen de vis 14.This support piece 6 is fixed to an upper half-ball joint 7 which forms with a lower semi-ball joint 8, a ball joint connection about the axis X. As in the example shown, the support piece 6 can be attached to the upper half-ball joint by means of screws 14.

Les deux demi-rotules 7, 8 peuvent être liées ensemble au moyen d'un axe boulonné central 9 monté traversant avec jeu dans des alésages correspondant 70, 80 des demi-rotules 7, 8.The two half-ball joints 7, 8 can be connected together by means of a central bolted axle 9 mounted through with clearance in corresponding bores 70, 80 of the half-balls 7, 8.

Typiquement, le jeu entre l'axe 90 du boulon 9 et les alésages 70, 80 est déterminé pour conférer un angle de rotulage compris entre 1,5 et 4° entre les deux demi-rotules autour de l'axe X.Typically, the clearance between the axis 90 of the bolt 9 and the bores 70, 80 is determined to confer a swivel angle of between 1.5 and 4 ° between the two half-ball joints about the axis X.

Comme explicité par la suite, la liaison rotule a pour fonction de faire pivoter la pièce d'appui 6 autour de l'axe X vertical et donc de ramener sensiblement à l'horizontal, le module du véhicule qui est supporté lorsqu'on va le faire glisser pour le ramener vers les rails de guidage R.As explained below, the function of the ball joint is to rotate the support piece 6 about the vertical axis X and thus bring the module of the vehicle which is supported when the slide to bring it back to the guide rails R.

La pièce d'appui 6 et les demi-rotules 7, 8 peuvent être en métal, avantageusement en aluminium.The support piece 6 and the half-ball joints 7, 8 may be metal, preferably aluminum.

Un patin de glissement 10 est formé intégralement avec ou est lié au moins en translation orthogonalement à l'axe X à la demi-rotule du dessous 8.A sliding pad 10 is integrally formed with or is bonded at least in translation orthogonal to the X axis to the bottom half-ball 8.

Tel qu'illustré en figures 5 et 6, le patin 10 peut être lié en translation avec la demi-rotule du dessous 8 au moyen d'une pièce de liaison 12 fixée à cette dernière, notamment au moyen d'une pluralité de vis 13. Cette pièce de liaison 12 peut comprendre une goupille de centrage 120 montée dans un alésage 100 du patin 10, qui permet un centrage au montage des rotules 7, 8 par rapport au patin 10.As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 the shoe 10 can be linked in translation with the lower half-ball joint 8 by means of a connecting piece 12 fixed to the latter, in particular by means of a plurality of screws 13. This connecting piece 12 may comprise a centering pin 120 mounted in a bore 100 of the pad 10, which allows a centering of the mounting of the ball joints 7, 8 with respect to the pad 10.

Enfin, il est prévu une embase 11 en appui-plan avec le patin de glissement 10, adaptée pour être en contact directement ou indirectement avec le sol à proximité des rails sur lesquels le véhicule doit être ré-enrailler,Finally, there is provided a base 11 in plane support with the sliding pad 10, adapted to be in contact directly or indirectly with the ground close to the rails on which the vehicle must be re-reaming,

Selon l'invention, le coefficient de frottement entre la pièce d'appui 6 et la partie du module du véhicule est déterminé pour être supérieur à celui entre les deux demi-rotules 7, 8 lui-même supérieur à celui entre patin de glissement 10 et embase 11.According to the invention, the coefficient of friction between the support piece 6 and the part of the vehicle module is determined to be greater than that between the two half-ball joints 7, 8 itself greater than that between sliding pad 10 and base 11.

Typiquement, le patin de glissement 10 peut être en nylon le cas échéant recouvert de graisse afin de permettre un bon glissement par rapport à l'embase 11 et donc un bon glissement d'un module supporté par la cale 5 selon l'invention par rapport au sol.Typically, the sliding pad 10 may be made of nylon, if necessary coated with grease in order to allow a good sliding relative to the base 11 and thus a good sliding of a module supported by the shim 5 according to the invention with respect to on the ground.

On décrit maintenant en référence à la figure 7, une première configuration de ré-enraillement à réaliser au moyen de cales 5 selon l'invention qui vient d'être décrite.We now describe with reference to the figure 7 , a first re-braking configuration to be realized by means of wedges 5 according to the invention which has just been described.

Tous les trois modules A, B, C du tram-train sont complètement sortis de ses rails de guidage R.All three modules A, B, C of the tram-train are completely out of its guide rails R.

Dans cette configuration, pour réenrailler le tram-train, il est nécessaire de faire translater l'articulation entre les modules A et B vers les rails R, ce qui implique donc à la fois la translation et le pivotement de chacun de ces modules.In this configuration, to re-ream the tram-train, it is necessary to translate the articulation between the modules A and B to the rails R, which implies both the translation and the pivoting of each of these modules.

Le soulèvement des bogies des modules au dessus du sol et la mise en appui des modules dans cette position, sur des cales 5 selon l'invention vont permettre d'effectuer les mouvements recherchés.The lifting of the bogies modules above the ground and the support of the modules in this position on wedges 5 according to the invention will allow to perform the desired movements.

Ainsi, le réenraillement du tram-train est mis en oeuvre selon les étapes successives comme suit.

  • Etape a'/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage C5 et C6, un vérin hydraulique de levage.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage aux points C5 et C6, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée ou dans un position intermédiaire déployée, afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module C et du module B du tram et donc dégager un espace en dessous.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie BA du module B est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape b'/ : On met en place une cale 5 en dessous de chaque point de levage B3 et B4.
  • Etape c'/ : Une fois les cales 5 mises en place, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage, pour les ramener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser les modules B et C.
    Les cales 5 aux points B3 et B4 viennent alors maintenir soulevé le module B.
    La hauteur et le positionnement des cales 5 permettent le maintien du bogie BA soulevé à distance du sol.
  • Etape d'/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage A1 et A2, un vérin hydraulique de levage.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage aux points A1 et A2, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module A du tram-train et donc dégager un espace en dessous.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie AA du module A est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape e'/ : On met en place une cale 5 en dessous de chaque point de levage A3 et A4. On peut aussi inverser le positionnement des cales 5 et des vérins de levage, c'est-à-dire positionner des cales 5 aux points A1 et A2 et des vérins de levage aux points A3 et A4.
  • Etape f'/ : Une fois les cales 5 mises en place, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage, pour les ramener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser le module A.
    Les cales 5 aux points A3 et A4 viennent alors maintenir soulevé le module A.
    La hauteur et le positionnement des cales 5 permettent le maintien du bogie AA soulevé à distance du sol.
  • Etape g'/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage C1 et C2, un vérin hydraulique de levage.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage aux points C1 et C2, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module C du tram-train et donc dégager un espace en dessous.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie CA du module B est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape h'/ : On met en place une cale 5 en dessous de chaque point de levage C3 et C4.
  • Etape i'/ : Une fois les cales 5 mises en place, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage, pour les ramener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser le module C.
    Les cales 5 aux points C3 et C4 viennent alors maintenir soulevé le module C.
    La hauteur et le positionnement des cales 5 permettent le maintien du bogie CA soulevé à distance du sol.
  • Etape j'/ : Si nécessaire, on vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage A5 et A6, un vérin hydraulique de prélevage, tel que le vérin de rélevage 3 représenté aux figures 1 à 4 selon l'état de l'art. Cette étape j'/ doit être réalisée uniquement si il n'y a pas assez d'espace entre le sol et le module A pour laisser passer un ensemble hydraulique de levage et de ripage tel que l'ensemble 4 représenté aux figures 1 à 4 selon l'état de l'art.
  • Etape k'/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage B1 et B2, un vérin hydraulique de levage 43 monté sur un ensemble hydraulique et de ripage 4.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage 43 aux points B1 et B2, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée ou dans une position intermédiaire déployée, afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module B du tram.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie BB du module B est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape l'/ : On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de ripage 44, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un ripage du chariot 42 et donc du module B, c'est-à-dire son déplacement en translation horizontale en direction des rails de guidage R.
    Pendant cette étape l'/, du fait de leur appui avec glissement sur les cales 5 selon l'invention, les modules A et C peuvent également translater et pivoter afin d'obtenir une expansion du véhicule complet et ainsi de réaliser le passage du module B entre les modules A et C.,
  • Etape m'/ : On réitère alors les étapes a'/ à l'/, éventuellement en plusieurs fois jusqu'à ce que tous les trois modules A , B et C soient au dessus des rails de guidage R. Il va de soi, qu'à un instant donné du réenraillement du tramway, il est nécessaire de pousser les modules extrêmes A et C lorsqu'on ramène le module B vers les rails R, ce qui implique donc à la fois la translation et le pivotement d'au moins une partie des modules A et C. Le soulèvement des bogies des modules au dessus du sol et la mise en appui des modules dans cette position, sur des cales 5 selon l'invention vont permettre d'effectuer les mouvements recherchés.
  • Etape n'/ : Une fois tous les bogies AA, BA, BB et CA logés dans les rails R, on enlève les ensembles hydrauliques 4 et les cales 5 selon l'invention
Thus, the re-tramching of the tram-train is implemented according to the successive steps as follows.
  • Step a '/ : It is positioned below each lifting point C5 and C6, a hydraulic lift cylinder.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders is then actuated at points C5 and C6, to bring them into their deployed extreme position or into an intermediate deployed position, in order to vertically lift a portion of the module C and the module B of the tram and therefore clear a space below.
    The lifting is such that the bogie BA of the module B is raised from the ground.
  • Step b '/ : We set up a shim 5 below each lifting point B3 and B4.
  • Step c '/ : Once the shims 5 put in place, it actuates each of the two lifting cylinders, to bring them back to their extreme folded position, to lower the modules B and C.
    The shims 5 at points B3 and B4 then come to keep the module B raised.
    The height and positioning of the wedges 5 allow the maintenance of the raised bogie BA away from the ground.
  • Step d / : It is positioned below each lifting point A1 and A2, a hydraulic lift cylinder.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders is then actuated at points A1 and A2, to bring them into their deployed extreme position in order to vertically lift a portion of the module A of the tram train and thus clear a space below.
    The lifting is such that the bogie AA of module A is raised from the ground.
  • Step e '/ : We set up a shim 5 below each lifting point A3 and A4. It is also possible to invert the positioning of shims 5 and lifting cylinders, that is to say position shims 5 at points A1 and A2 and lifting cylinders at points A3 and A4.
  • Step f '/ : Once the shims 5 put in place, it actuates each of the two lifting cylinders, to bring them back to their extreme folded position, to lower the module A.
    The shims 5 at points A3 and A4 then come hold up module A.
    The height and positioning of the wedges 5 allow the maintenance of the raised bogie AA away from the ground.
  • Step g '/ : It is positioned below each lifting point C1 and C2, a hydraulic lift cylinder.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders is then actuated at points C1 and C2, to bring them into their extended deployed position in order to vertically lift a portion of the module C of the tram-train and thus to clear a space below.
    The lifting is such that the AC module boggie is lifted off the ground.
  • Step h '/ : A shim 5 is placed below each lifting point C3 and C4.
  • Step i '/ : Once the shims 5 put in place, it actuates each of the two lifting cylinders, to bring them back to their extreme folded position, in order to lower the module C.
    The shims 5 at points C3 and C4 then come to raise the module C.
    The height and positioning of the wedges 5 allow the maintenance of the truck CA lifted away from the ground.
  • Step j '/ : If necessary, it is positioned below each lifting point A5 and A6, a hydraulic sampling cylinder, such as the lifting cylinder 3 shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 according to the state of the art. This step j '/ must be carried out only if there is not enough space between the ground and the module A to let through a hydraulic lifting and shifting assembly such as the assembly 4 shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 according to the state of the art.
  • Step k '/ : It is positioned below each lifting point B1 and B2, a hydraulic lifting cylinder 43 mounted on a hydraulic assembly and shifting 4.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders 43 is then actuated at points B1 and B2, to bring them into their deployed extreme position or into an extended intermediate position, in order to vertically lift a portion of the module B of the tram.
    The lifting is such that the BB bogie of module B is raised from the ground.
  • Step 1 / : One then actuates each of the two jacks 44, to bring them into their deployed extreme position, in order to achieve a shifting of the carriage 42 and thus the module B, that is to say its displacement in translation horizontal towards R. guide rails
    During this step 1 /, because of their sliding support on the shims 5 according to the invention, the modules A and C can also translate and rotate to obtain an expansion of the complete vehicle and thus to achieve the passage of the module B between modules A and C.
  • Step m '/ : It then repeats the steps a' / to /, possibly several times until all three modules A, B and C are above the guide rails R. It goes without saying, that at a given instant of the re-tramline, it is necessary to push the extreme modules A and C when bringing the module B to the rails R, which implies both the translation and the pivoting of at least a part of the modules A and C. The lifting of the bogies of the modules above the ground and the support of the modules in this position on shims 5 according to the invention will allow to perform the desired movements.
  • Step n '/ : Once all the bogies AA, BA, BB and CA housed in the rails R, the hydraulic assemblies 4 and the wedges 5 are removed according to the invention.

Le tram-train est alors complètement réenraillé.The tram-train is then completely re-rifled.

On décrit maintenant en référence à la figure 8, une deuxième configuration de ré-enraillement à réaliser au moyen de cales 5 selon l'invention qui vient d'être décrite.We now describe with reference to the figure 8 , a second re-braking configuration to be realized by means of shims 5 according to the invention which has just been described.

Tous les cinq modules A, B, C, D et E du tramway sont complètement sortis de ses rails de guidage R.All five modules A, B, C, D and E of the tramway are completely out of its guide rails R.

Dans cette configuration, à un instant donné du réenraillement du tramway, il est nécessaire de pousser les modules extrêmes A et E lorsqu'on ramène le module B vers les rails R, ce qui implique donc à la fois la translation et le pivotement d'au moins une partie des modules A et E. Le soulèvement des bogies des modules au dessus du sol et la mise en appui des modules dans cette position, sur des cales 5 selon l'invention vont permettre d'effectuer les mouvements recherchés.In this configuration, at a given instant of the re-tramline, it is necessary to push the extreme modules A and E when bringing the module B to the rails R, which implies both the translation and the pivoting of at least one part of the modules A and E. The lifting of the bogies of the modules above the ground and the support of the modules in this position on shims 5 according to the invention will allow to perform the desired movements.

Ainsi, le réenraillement du tramway est mis en oeuvre selon les étapes successives comme suit.

  • Etape a"/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage E1 et E2, un vérin hydraulique de levage.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage aux points E1 et E2, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module E du tram et donc dégager un espace en dessous.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie EE du module E est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape b"/ : On met en place une cale 5 en dessous de chaque point de levage E1 et E2.
  • Etape c"/ : Une fois les cales 5 mises en place, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage, pour les ramener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser le module E.
    Les cales 5 aux points E1 et E2 viennent alors maintenir soulevé le module E.
    La hauteur et le positionnement des cales 5 permettent le maintien du bogie EE soulevé à distance du sol.
    En lieu et place des points de levage E1 et E2, on peut réaliser les mêmes étapes a"/ à c"/ aux points de levage E3 et E4.
  • Etape d"/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage A1 et a2, un vérin hydraulique de levage.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage aux points A1 et A2, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module A du tram et donc dégager un espace en dessous.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie AA du module A est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape e"/ : On met en place une cale 5 en dessous de chaque point de levage A1 et A2.
  • Etape f"/ : Une fois les cales 5 mises en place, on actionne chacun des deux vérins de levage, pour les ramener dans leur position extrême repliée, afin d'abaisser le module A.
    Les cales 5 aux points A1 et A2 viennent alors maintenir soulevé le module A.
    La hauteur et le positionnement des cales 5 permettent le maintien du bogie AA soulevé à distance du sol.
    En lieu et place des points de levage A1 et A2, on peut réaliser les mêmes étapes d"/ à d"/ aux points de levage A3 et A4.
  • Etape g"/ : Si nécessaire, on vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage C2 et C3 ou C1 et C4, un vérin hydraulique de prélevage, tel que le vérin de rélevage 3 représenté aux figures 1 à 4 selon l'état de l'art. Cette étape g"/ doit être réalisée uniquement si il n'y a pas assez d'espace entre le sol et le module C pour laisser passer un ensemble hydraulique de levage et de ripage tel que l'ensemble 4 représenté aux figures 1 à 4 selon l'état de l'art.
  • Etape h"/ : On vient positionner en dessous de chaque point de levage C2 et C3 ou respectivement C1 et C, un vérin hydraulique de levage 43 monté sur un ensemble hydraulique et de ripage 4.
    On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de levage 43 aux points C2 et C3 ou C1 et C4 pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée afin de réaliser un levage à la verticale d'une partie du module C du tram.
    Le levage est tel que le boggie CC du module C est soulevé du sol.
  • Etape i"/ : On actionne alors chacun des deux vérins de ripage 44, pour les amener dans leur position extrême déployée, afin de réaliser un ripage du chariot 42 et donc du module C, c'est-à-dire son déplacement en translation horizontale en direction des rails de guidage R.
    Pendant cette étape i"/, les modules A et E peuvent également translater et pivoter en direction des rails de guidage R du fait de leur appui avec glissement sur les cales 5 selon l'invention.
    Autrement dit, le tramway a tendance à s'expanser par alignement des modules A à E.
  • Etape k"/ : On fait translater les modules A et et E en répétant les étapes du procédé selon les figures 2 à 4, jusqu'à obtenir la configuration de la figure 8. Alors, on réitère alors les étapes a"/ à i"/. Puis on réitère l'ensembl des opérations éventuellement en plusieurs fois jusqu'à ce que tous les cinq modules A, B, C, D et E soient au dessus des rails de guidage R.
  • Etape l"/ : Une fois tous les bogies AA, CC et EE logés dans les rails R, on enlève les ensembles hydrauliques 4 et les cales 5 selon l'invention
Thus, the re-tramway tramway is implemented according to the successive steps as follows.
  • Step a "/ : It is positioned below each lifting point E1 and E2, a hydraulic lift cylinder.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders is then actuated at the points E1 and E2, to bring them into their extended deployed position, in order to vertically lift a portion of the module E of the tram and thus to clear a space below.
    The lifting is such that the boggie EE of the module E is raised from the ground.
  • Step b "/ : We set up a shim 5 below each lifting point E1 and E2.
  • Step c "/ : Once the shims 5 put in place, it actuates each of the two lifting cylinders, to bring them back to their extreme folded position, to lower the module E.
    The wedges 5 at the points E1 and E2 then come hold up the module E.
    The height and positioning of the wedges 5 allow the maintenance of the raised bogie EE away from the ground.
    In place of the lifting points E1 and E2, the same steps a "/ c" / at the lifting points E3 and E4 can be carried out.
  • Step d '/ : It is positioned below each lifting point A1 and A2, a hydraulic lift cylinder.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders is then actuated at points A1 and A2, to bring them into their deployed extreme position, in order to vertically lift a portion of the module A of the tram and thus clear a space below.
    The lifting is such that the bogie AA of module A is raised from the ground.
  • Step e "/ : We set up a shim 5 below each lifting point A1 and A2.
  • Step f "/ : Once the shims 5 put in place, it actuates each of the two lifting cylinders, to bring them to their extreme folded position, to lower the module A.
    The shims 5 at points A1 and A2 then come hold up module A.
    The height and positioning of the wedges 5 allow the maintenance of the raised bogie AA away from the ground.
    Instead of the lifting points A1 and A2, the same steps d / to d "/ at the lifting points A3 and A4 can be carried out.
  • Step g "/ : If necessary, it is positioned below each lifting point C2 and C3 or C1 and C4, a hydraulic cylinder for sampling, such as the lifting cylinder 3 shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 according to the state of the art. This step g "/ must be carried out only if there is not enough space between the ground and the module C to pass a hydraulic lifting and shifting assembly such as the assembly 4 shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 according to the state of the art.
  • Step h "/ : It is positioned below each lifting point C2 and C3 or C1 and C respectively, a hydraulic lifting cylinder 43 mounted on a hydraulic assembly and shifting 4.
    Each of the two lifting cylinders 43 is then actuated at points C2 and C3 or C1 and C4 to bring them into their extended deployed position in order to vertically lift a portion of the module C of the tram.
    The lifting is such that the DC bogie of module C is lifted off the ground.
  • Step i "/ : We then actuate each of the two jacks 44, to bring them into their deployed extreme position, to achieve a shifting of the carriage 42 and thus the module C, that is to say its displacement in translation horizontal towards R. guide rails
    During this step i "/, the modules A and E can also translate and pivot towards the guide rails R because of their support with sliding on the wedges 5 according to the invention.
    In other words, the tramway tends to expand by aligning modules A to E.
  • Step k "/ : The modules A and and E are translated by repeating the steps of the method according to the Figures 2 to 4 , until you get the configuration of the figure 8 . Then, the steps a "/ to i" / are repeated. The whole of the operations is then repeated in several times until all the five modules A, B, C, D and E are above the guide rails R.
  • Step l "/ : Once all the bogies AA, CC and EE housed in the rails R, we remove the hydraulic assemblies 4 and shims 5 according to the invention

Le tramway est alors complètement réenraillé.The tramway is then completely re-rifled.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrits ; on peut notamment combiner entre elles des caractéristiques des exemples illustrés au sein de variantes non illustrées.The invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described; it is possible in particular to combine with one another characteristics of the illustrated examples within non-illustrated variants.

D'autres variantes et améliorations peuvent être prévues sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.Other variants and improvements may be provided without departing from the scope of the invention.

Une cale 5 selon l'invention permet de résoudre n'importe quelle situation du déraillement complet d'un tram-train ou d'un tramway, étant entendu que cela s'applique préférentiellement à des situations dans lesquelles les modules restent relativement proches des rails de guidage.A shim 5 according to the invention makes it possible to solve any situation of the complete derailment of a tram-train or a tramway, it being understood that this applies preferentially to situations in which the modules remain relatively close to the rails. guidance.

Des cales 5 selon l'invention vont permettre d'effectuer des mouvements de translation et de pivotement d'au moins une partie des modules lorsqu'à un instant donné du ré-enraillement du tramway, il est nécessaire de pousser ou ramener les modules extrêmes (wagons d'extrémité).Shims 5 according to the invention will make it possible to perform translational and pivoting movements of at least a portion of the modules when at a given moment of the re-tramline of the tramway, it is necessary to push or to bring back the extreme modules (end cars).

Bien que décrite en référence à une situation de déraillement complet de l'ensemble des modules (wagons) constituant un véhicule, l'invention peut tout aussi bien s'appliquer dans toute situation de déraillement partielle des modules d'un véhicule guidé sur rails.Although described with reference to a situation of complete derailment of all the modules (wagons) constituting a vehicle, the invention can equally well be applied in any situation of partial derailment of the modules of a vehicle guided on rails.

Claims (11)

  1. Wedge (5) for re-railing a vehicle (T) having several modules (A, B, C, D, E) that are intended to be guided on rails (R), which extends along a longitudinal axis (X), characterized in that it comprises:
    - a bearer (6), designed to directly or indirectly support part of a module of the vehicle when this module is derailed,
    - two ball-joint portions (7, 8) between them defining a ball-joint connection about the axis X, the top ball-joint portion (7) being formed as an integral part of, or fixed to, the bearer,
    - a sliding shoe (10) formed as an integral part of, or connected to, the bottom ball-joint portion (8) at least in terms of translation orthogonal to the axis X,
    - a base (11), bearing flat against the sliding shoe (10), designed to be in direct or indirect contact with the ground near the rails onto which the vehicle is to be re-railed,
    in which wedge the coefficient of friction between the bearer and the part of the module of the vehicle is designed to be higher than that between the two ball-joint portions which is itself higher than that between the sliding shoe and the base.
  2. Wedge (5) according to Claim 1, the bearer and/or the two ball-joint portions being made of aluminium.
  3. Wedge (5) according to Claim 1 or 2, the sliding shoe being made of nylon, coated with grease if appropriate.
  4. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, the base being made of steel.
  5. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, having a circular overall shape.
  6. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, the sliding shoe being a solid component of parallelepipedal overall shape.
  7. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, the two ball-joint portions (7, 8) being connected to one another by means of a bolted central shank (9) .
  8. Wedge (5) according to Claim 7, the clearance between the shank (90) of the bolt (9) and the bores (70, 80) of the two ball-joint portions (7, 8) through which it is fitted being determined in order to give the two ball-joint portions between 1.5 and 4° of mutual swivel angle about the axis X.
  9. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, the sliding shoe (10) being translationally connected with the bottom ball-joint portion (8) by means of a connecting piece (12) fixed to the bottom ball-joint portion, notably by means of a plurality of screws (13) and part of which forms a centring pin (120) mounted in a bore (100) in the shoe.
  10. Wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims, the bearer (6) being fixed in the top ball-joint portion (7) by means of plurality of screws (14).
  11. Method for rerailing a vehicle (T) having several modules (A, B, C, D, E) that are intended to be guided on rails (R), the method comprising the following steps:
    - lifting part of at least one module of the vehicle so as to have one bogey of one module raised off the ground;
    - positioning the wedge (5) according to one of the preceding claims in such a way as to hold the bogey of the module some distance off the ground via the bearer of the wedge supporting the said module;
    - lifting and jacking over, transversely to the longitudinal axis, at least one module of which the bogey or bogies are kept raised off the ground by the raised vehicle wedge or wedges, so as to at least bring the said module closer to the rails.
EP17198132.7A 2016-11-28 2017-10-24 Wedge for re-railing a rail-guided vehicle and associated re-railing method Active EP3326885B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1661551A FR3059291B1 (en) 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 VEHICLE REINFORCEMENT BELL GUIDE ON RAILS AND ASSOCIATED RE-ENERALING METHOD

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3326885A1 EP3326885A1 (en) 2018-05-30
EP3326885B1 true EP3326885B1 (en) 2019-07-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17198132.7A Active EP3326885B1 (en) 2016-11-28 2017-10-24 Wedge for re-railing a rail-guided vehicle and associated re-railing method

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3326885B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2751137T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3059291B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4556200A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-12-03 National Mine Service Company Re-railing jack
DE19502292C1 (en) * 1995-01-26 1996-07-04 Lukas Hydraulik Gmbh Sliding device for moving heavy loads horizontally
JP2001199689A (en) * 2000-01-17 2001-07-24 Suzuki Shoji:Kk Jack for placing iron wheel or the like of track land vehicle
KR100809040B1 (en) * 2007-07-18 2008-03-03 주식회사 이건 A self rerailing device of railway motor car
US8590457B2 (en) * 2011-08-16 2013-11-26 Pennsy Corporation Lightweight rerailer
CN104773187A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-07-15 金鹰重型工程机械有限公司 Vehicle-mounted hydraulic rerailing device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3059291B1 (en) 2018-12-07
FR3059291A1 (en) 2018-06-01
EP3326885A1 (en) 2018-05-30
ES2751137T3 (en) 2020-03-30

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