EP0528741B1 - Separable freight train unit, particularly for the transport of road vehicles - Google Patents

Separable freight train unit, particularly for the transport of road vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0528741B1
EP0528741B1 EP92440097A EP92440097A EP0528741B1 EP 0528741 B1 EP0528741 B1 EP 0528741B1 EP 92440097 A EP92440097 A EP 92440097A EP 92440097 A EP92440097 A EP 92440097A EP 0528741 B1 EP0528741 B1 EP 0528741B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bogie
transport unit
unit according
load
loading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92440097A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0528741A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Lohr
Didier Ganter
Jean-Luc Andre
Bruno Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lohr Industrie SA
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Lohr Industrie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9110590A external-priority patent/FR2680492B1/en
Priority claimed from FR9202764A external-priority patent/FR2688179B1/en
Priority claimed from FR9202763A external-priority patent/FR2688180B1/en
Application filed by Lohr Industrie SA filed Critical Lohr Industrie SA
Publication of EP0528741A1 publication Critical patent/EP0528741A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0528741B1 publication Critical patent/EP0528741B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a unit of dissociable rail transport carrying a road loading consisting in particular of a unit road wholly or partially incorporated.
  • This rail transport unit includes a load-bearing structure called a wagon structure resting on removably by either or both of its ends on two axle blocks (x) or bogies through interfaces.
  • transverse receiving structures carry the undercarriage at the rear, while the pivot hitch is held in front by a support analog or constituting an equivalent of the support articulation classically called harness in articulated tractor-trailer combinations.
  • the loading plan is specially raised to come to the level of the platform.
  • the achievements according to this invention have the disadvantage of requiring a structure complex wagon, specially adapted for transhipment.
  • Another disadvantage is the height of the loading plan whose access is not necessarily compatible with the level of the platform car.
  • the object of the present invention is to alleviate the above disadvantages by proposing a structure carrier rail easy to manufacture, allowing fast loading / unloading operations and easy.
  • the rail transport unit comprises a supporting structure connecting two axle blocks (x) or bogie (s) for the transport of a load or type load road, in particular a road unit totally or partially incorporated, and is particular in that the supporting structure is mounted on each of the blocks axle (s) or bogie (s) via a composite interface transmitting the forces of traction and shock, and in that at least one end of the supporting structure is open for delimit an access passage, said supporting structure being mounted directly or indirectly separable as a whole the interface of at least one block axle (s) or bogie (s) in order to fully release the passage of the load or the road loading for its access to or in the supporting structure through the opening access.
  • axle block (s) or bogie (s) must be considered in the following as a rolling support any railroad, i.e. a set running on a railway track formed by at least one axle and a minimum load-bearing mechanical structure including the bearings. In the case of a two-axle unit, this structure includes the mechanical chassis connecting both axles.
  • bogie The concept of bogie must be understood in this which follows as a rail rolling unit plus complete. It consists of an axle block (x) and various intermediate mechanical means ensuring the connection between the chassis of the wagon and said block axle (x).
  • the intermediate mechanical means are called "interface”.
  • the rail transport unit consists of a supporting structure of link 1 having two longitudinal ends front 2 and rear 3, by which it is located directly or indirectly mounted on two railway axle blocks (s) respectively before 4 and back 5 through an interface composite adapted before 6 and rear 7.
  • the supporting structure 1 has at least two pieces of parallel sides 8 and 9 ending along the front 2 and rear longitudinal ends 3 separate or joined together.
  • the interface composite 6 or 7 is integral with the axle block (x) corresponding 4 or 5.
  • each axle block (x) 4 or 5 must be between each axle block (x) 4 or 5 and the corresponding ends of the supporting structure for connecting at least one articulation driving 10.
  • Composite end interfaces 6 or 7 individually or simultaneously, with one of their ends, pads such as 11 and a hook hitch 12 for shock absorption and transmission of tensile force to the block axle (s) or bogie (s).
  • the supporting structure 1 is free at least at one of its longitudinal ends, for example rear 3, according to a partial access opening 13 or total but sufficient for the passage of the load or of road loading in the case of loading by longitudinal or oblique penetration.
  • Such coupling-locking means can exist on the other front composite interface 7.
  • At least one of the composite interfaces of preferably the composite interface before 7, will present a loading / unloading pivot joint 14 allowing it to rotate in its together.
  • the two pivot joints, on the one hand of rolling 10, and on the other hand loading / unloading 14, are juxtaposed or combined, or distinct, but with axes confused.
  • the present invention covers two single joints than a double joint of pivoting along a common axis.
  • the load-bearing connecting structure can be separated from the two composite interfaces.
  • the loading-pivoting articulation 14, possibly confused with the rolling joint 10 from one end of the connecting support structure 1, is common or has a common axis 15 with the load-pivot joint at the end of the connecting support structure 1 immediately next.
  • the integrated lifting means 16 of one or on the other end, or both create sufficient vertical release movement to realize the dissociation of one or the other end, or both, of the adjacent axle block (s), or its associated composite interface structure.
  • Lateral displacement means for example of transverse running 17 on the ground, associated or not to the integrated lifting means 16, are intended to allow, in association with the lifting means, the dislocation of the load-bearing connecting structure by a vertical then lateral movement in order to decentralize the transverse access opening 13 and release it totally from the corresponding composite interface ( Figures 8 and 12).
  • the loading / unloading modes in oblique and online are facilitated by aforementioned characteristics, concerning the opening transverse access 13 present at one of ends, for example rear, pivoting overall, but also the presence of structures linear carriers which will be discussed below.
  • the supporting link structure 1 is intended to carry various loads, in particular road loads fully or partially incorporated.
  • an articulated road assembly 18 vehicle carriers carrying cars such as 19 or a semi-trailer 20, or even one or more two standardized containers or swap bodies 21 and 22 ISO, fixed on their road base or supported by different ways, for example in terms of their classic corner pieces.
  • the road load is carried by different means.
  • linear internal carriers 23 and 24 present on along the side pieces 8 and 9 which hold the loading support plan at a level said lowered, i.e. below the upper level axle block (s) or bogie (s).
  • these structures lower carriers are produced in the form of means of movement along paths 25 and 26 of bearing, sliding or guide, for wheels or additional rolling elements to the wheels (figure 10), or for mobile structures transverse movable carriers accommodating the wheels or the road load wheel trains at carry. It can be, for example, in this last case, trolleys or cradles movable along of the above paths (not shown).
  • the structure link carrier has a bottom 27, for example flat, in the form of a plate 28 bringing together the lower edges of each of the flank pieces 8 and 9, to form an access ramp and a supporting plane for the road load (figure 11).
  • the bottom 27 also constituting the access ramp is the plan load carrier and is located at a level said lowered.
  • the rail transport unit can be opened or covered, and in this last case, present a fixed or removable cover.
  • the two flank pieces 8 and 9 of the supporting structure of link 1 extend longitudinally beyond each of their ends by extensions arm-shaped parallels such as 33 and 34, by straight example, coming in support relation with the corresponding composite interface mounted on its axle block (s) or bogie (s) ( Figures 12 to 28).
  • the ends of the front and rear flank pieces are, for example, interconnected by a front link cross member and rear such as 35 and 36 ( Figures 12 to 28).
  • the side pieces 8 and 9 can be fitted each along their face internal of a raceway, sliding or guide, intended to serve as a movement support for wheels of a vehicle, to an extension of the hub or to a carriage carrying a support accommodating the wheels of the road unit to be transported.
  • the front end further comprises at the level rear ends of the flank pieces, the means integrated lifting gear 16 in the form of crutches extensible 37.38 with support sole ( Figures 8 and 12).
  • the rolling means consist of lower rollers 39 and 40 shown schematically in Figure 12.
  • the rail transport unit according to the invention can be mounted at each of its ends on a bogie 41 of the universal type, conventionally comprising a running gear, a carrying frame and a crapaudine 42 in which will come s' rotationally engaging a pivoting support 43 common to each of the connecting crosspieces 35 and 36 or two independent pivoting supports, crosspieces each carrying, at each of their ends, immobilization latch coupling means in two or three directions cooperating with suitable means.
  • These crosspieces, pivoting link are each provided to connect and support the ends of each of the arms bordering the front end as shown in Figures 13 to 28.
  • a single pivot can be used to on the one hand, the rolling pivoting and plus the swivel function of loading / unloading of the load-bearing structure immediately neighboring link in the case articulations with a common axis with that of the pivot of bogie.
  • the wagon structure is a load-bearing structure meeting railway standards. It is intended for come to mate in a dissociable way by one or the other of its ends on a bogie interface common to two successive adjacent structures and identical for all the bogies of the same convoy.
  • Bogie interface is the same for everyone the bogies of the same rail convoy.
  • the invention aims, but not limiting, the use of classic bogies and universal.
  • the bogie universal 41 traditionally consists of two axles 45 and 46 which, if applicable, have brake discs, e.g. 47, 48, 49 and 50.
  • This chassis supports at least one articulation patella conventionally called crapaudine 57.
  • This ball joint commonly receives pivoting the lower end structure of the supported car by the bogie.
  • This common bogie interface adaptable to all common railway rolling bases called bogies allows to articulate and connect simultaneously the front and rear ends of two successive wagon structures according to the invention on and by the same bogie.
  • This bogie interface is intended for serve as a common connecting piece for two structures successive wagons 60 and 61 of the same type in accordance with present invention ( Figures 36 to 38), for example removable and removable, comprising one end open rear 62 used for loading access autonomous, for example the road unit.
  • This end rear is bordered by two arms 63 and 64 similar to arms 33 and 34 each terminated by a joining means 65, 66.
  • the wagon structure also includes a front end 67 shaped like a "V" with two branches 68 and 69 converging along a point 70 which serves as pivot center 71.
  • the bogie interface in question is present in the form of an interface crosspiece pivoting 72 mounted on the bogie 41 comprising a articulated central unit 73 common to the two structures successive wagons 60 and 61.
  • This crosspiece 72 comprises at each of its ends a receiving support, for example centering pins 74 and 75 or erasable means or retractable, for example retractable fingers, it will be discussed later, for example of form conical, intended to receive in a dissociable way each of arms 63 and 64 of the open rear end 62 of one of the wagon structures supported by the bogie common.
  • These receiving supports are aligned with the center of the sleeper. Next to these pawns or associates or integrated into them are provided locks additional to ensure coupling safety (not shown).
  • reception supports constitute means of joining with complementary shapes provided at the ends 63 and 64 of the arms of the end open rear 62 of the wagon structure.
  • the interface crosspiece 72 presented by elsewhere, on the underside, symmetrically in part and on either side of its articulated central assembly 73, a support area for example in the form of inserts 76, 77 opposite each of the reader 58 and 59, these plates serving as surface support and contact at the crosspiece 72.
  • the interface cross member 72 can present on its upper side on either side of its central part two friction-bearing plates 78 and 79 for two pads opposite 80 and 81 mounted on springs 82 and 83 intended to make the contact support during roll movements and thereby even provide roll stability.
  • the interface cross member 72 rests on the bogie, on the one hand, in its center in an articulated way, and on the other hand, laterally by its support surfaces on each of the sideboards thus offering the deflections according to the three degrees of freedom required between a wagon structure and a bogie.
  • the articulated central assembly 73 turns out complex.
  • the articulated central assembly 73 comprises also an upper articulation 86 resting or mounted on a mechanical element or structure 87 secured to the interface cross member 72.
  • This upper articulation 86 is coaxial at the lower joint 84. These two joints therefore have the same geometric axis 88.
  • the upper articulation 86 receives so separable or not the pivot center 71 of the front end at point 70 of the wagon structure constituting with it a means of articulation.
  • the upper articulation 86 allows at least the pivoting movements in a horizontal plane referred to in the mode of loading / unloading using lateral offset in oblique.
  • this ball joint function additional to the swivel function, can be filled simultaneously at the joint upper 86 as in the upper joint mixed described below.
  • upper joint 86 is a spherical bearing 89 mounted on a pivot cylinder 90 secured to the central part of the cross member and coaxial with the axis vertical pivot of the basket.
  • This spherical bearing develops around the pivot cylinder 90 and inside a cage 91 cylindrical with conical outer side surface 92 integral with or detachable from the front end 67 in tip of the wagon structure.
  • the point 70 in "V" of the front end of the wagon structure is presented as a simple through bore, either cylindrical, either conical, coming to fit on the outer wall of the cage 91 of the spherical bearing.
  • the front end 67 of the wagon structure is mounted directly on the when the interface cross member 72 is articulated above on an extension, an axis crossing end 67 or in any other way.
  • Flank pieces 96 and 97 extend backward to a higher level by both arms parallel 63 and 64, like a stretcher delimiting with the adjacent edges flank pieces and the transverse end of the bottom the access opening 62 for the charge.
  • the general conformation of the extremity rear 62 visible in the figures is such that the opening plan 101 thereof is located largely in withdrawal from the ends of arms 63 and 64.
  • Flank pieces 96 and 97 extend forward by the two converging branches 68 and 69 arranged at approximately the same upper level as the arms 63 and 64 of the rear end 62. They have a general "V" shape whose tip is directed forward in a determined median zone by the general median vertical plane of the structure wagon and an upper horizontal plane which can be the one bounded by the two upper parallel edges flank pieces 96 and 97.
  • the point 70 constituting the union of the two converging branches 68 and 69 is shaped so as to present an opening for example a bore end 102 intended to allow it to come mount in a dissociable way or not, but preferably not dissociable, on the upper part of the double joint 73.
  • the rear end arms 63 and 64 62 are terminated by technical forms adapted to the end structures of the pivoting cross member bogie interface to form the joining means 65 and 66.
  • the wagon structure When the end cones are fitted and locked, the wagon structure has a connection rigid transverse mechanical end incorporated by the bogie interface cross member.
  • the 105,106 retractable fingers present at the two ends of the bogie interface are arranged in alignment with the central joint.
  • end cones 103 and 104 each preceded, according to this variant, by a inclined ramp 111 and 112 on two successive slopes of penetration at the entrance of an opening 113 and 114 for backward erasure and upward release during the longitudinal movements of engagement and clearance of the ends of the arms 63 and 64.
  • This coupling link can be blocked by additional end locks (not represented).
  • the wagon structure has so optional near its ends of the means individual lifting possibly with rolling integrated or not, preferably autonomous, for example a crutch 115,116 similar to crutches 37 and 38 to each of the ends of each flank piece 96 and 97 (figure 35) and this at one end of the wagon structure or at both ends at the same time.
  • a crutch 115,116 similar to crutches 37 and 38 to each of the ends of each flank piece 96 and 97 (figure 35) and this at one end of the wagon structure or at both ends at the same time.
  • crutches targeted is that of a retractable and extendable stand for example telescopic, manual or hydraulic.
  • each stand 115 and 116 of rolling means such as 117 and 118 with directional or fixed axis.
  • Means can also be provided for bearings separated from the stands.
  • means are provided for initial guidance over the side pieces 96 and 97, at the arms of the rear end.
  • rollers such as 119 and 120 with vertical axis intended to ensure the centering then guiding the load along its flanks, for example along the lower edges 121,122 of the body of a 123 semi-trailer ( Figure 39).
  • integrated means are provided load securing: semi-trailer, container, swap body etc ..., for example in the form of support on the upper or lateral arms or edges of flank pieces.
  • the fixing is done by means conventional, for example twistlocks standardized or not.
  • association and dissociation of successive wagon structures with the unique interface of bogie are carried out by nesting or dislocation of connecting means at the rear and possibly articulation means at the front.
  • tapered bores 103 and 104 that have the ends of arms 63 and 64 of the rear end 62 of the wagon structure come fit onto the end centering pins of the crosspiece 72 interface with lock closure additional or get rid of them by simple vertical movements or without requiring the slightest lifting in the case of retractable fingers.
  • the front end of the structure wagon carrying the spherical bearing is mounted on the pivot cylinder 90 or disengage from it in the case of a detachable variant according to which the conical central opening at the front end or bore can just as easily be mounted on the conical bearing head or extract from it by simple vertical movements.
  • This overall lifting allows to extract in its whole and with its loading the unit of rail transport of the convoy, drop it off somewhere else pending, or insert it with its load in a another rail convoy.
  • Figures 13 to 16 show the structure loaded by a semi-trailer separated from the convoy by lifting using a crane or gantry.
  • the second mode concerns loading / unloading in line or longitudinal ( Figures 17 to 22). The movements are indicated by arrows.
  • This loading / unloading mode requires a loading area called rails integrated in the ground.
  • the transport unit rail is joined or separated by a vertical lifting or traveling movement or two handsets from its open cross end, solidarity-decoupling movement brought by the integrated lifting means, for example the extendable crutches for support and / or by means exteriors.
  • the separation makes it possible to free the axle block (s) or bogie on whose interface the ends of the flank pieces were fitted.
  • the road unit is loaded or unloaded, either directly along the load-bearing linear structures of displacement integrated into the Wagon, either indirectly, through one or more structure (s) transverse carrier (s) mobile (s) along the wagon structure on which or on which rests the undercarriage of the road unit.
  • This road unit is coupled or secured or vice versa to a motor assembly 44, in view of its supply or evacuation in line on the quay, following the general direction of the convoy rail.
  • a rear end having a deep and remote opening allows the whole engine 44 to stay on the ground during supply maneuvers or recovery of the semi-trailer.
  • Loading / unloading takes place in bringing the front end oblique after detachment from the axle block (s) or bogie before by any means, for example by crutches, then offset obliquely by rolling on the quay loading, operation during which the structure carrier as a whole pivots around its rear end by pivoting support on the axle block (s) or rear bogie.
  • the running gear of the unit road to be loaded is carried by the structures linear internal carriers 23 and 24 or mounted on transverse load-bearing structures, cradles or carts. Moving along the flank pieces 8 and 9 or 96 and 97, to or from its position of transport, is provided by integrated motor means or preferably by the road motor vehicle.
  • the supporting structure is then moved laterally towards the axle block (x) or bogie by a overall pivoting movement in the same way as previously, but in reverse order.
  • Lifting means for example integrated in the form of crutches, raise the front ends flank pieces, and come to place them opposite securing-locking means provided on the interface of the axle block (x) or bogie.
  • the supporting structure After coupling and locking, the supporting structure is ready in the convoy with its re-loading for rail transport.
  • Means for lifting the rear end integrated into the wagon or exterior structure will allow, after opening additional locks, to separate the joining means and obtain the dissociation of the wagon structure from the interface of bogie.
  • a rotational movement around the end front will ensure the clearance of the rear end by an oblique offset.
  • Lifting means at both ends allow the removal of the wagon structure by transverse or longitudinal shift.
  • the means described above will provide the possibility to choose and carry out the loading / unloading best suited to the load (container, road unit or other) and at the configuration of the station handling area, train and constraints and peculiarities of the sorting operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The freight train unit carrying a road-going load has a load-bearing structure (1) comprising two longitudinal ends (2) and (3), each connected to an axle block or bogie block (4, 5) or bogies (41) by means of a composite interface (6, 7), and at least one of which is free along an access opening (13) for the passage of the load. According to one variant, the transport unit is mounted, articulated via each of its ends, on a bogie common to the neighbouring structure via an articulated pivoting assembly with an axis common to that of the bearing plate. This invention is of interest to the constructors of rail or road transport equipment. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à une unité de transport ferroviaire dissociable porteuse d'un chargement routier consistant notamment en une unité routière totalement ou partiellement constituée.The present invention relates to a unit of dissociable rail transport carrying a road loading consisting in particular of a unit road wholly or partially incorporated.

Cette unité de transport ferroviaire comporte une structure porteuse dite structure wagon reposant de façon amovible par l'une et l'autre ou l'une ou l'autre de ses extrémités sur deux blocs d'essieu(x) ou bogies par l'intermédiaire d'interfaces.This rail transport unit includes a load-bearing structure called a wagon structure resting on removably by either or both of its ends on two axle blocks (x) or bogies through interfaces.

Elle permet le chargement rapide notamment d'une ou de plusieurs unités routières tractées, portées ou semi-portées, caisses mobiles, conteneurs ou autres.It allows fast loading in particular one or more towed road units, carried or semi-carried, swap bodies, containers or other.

On connaít le transport des conteneurs et des semi-remorques sur des structures porteuses ferroviaires reliant deux blocs d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s).We know the transport of containers and semi-trailers on load-bearing structures railway connecting two axle blocks (x) or bogie (s).

D'abord, en ce qui concerne les conteneurs, ils sont arrimés sur ces structures par l'intermédiaire de leurs pièces de coin normalisées ISO sur des supports latéraux saillants portant chacun un verrou tournant.First, with regard to containers, they are secured to these structures via of their ISO standard corner pieces on protruding side supports each carrying a lock turning.

Ces conteneurs sont chargés et déchargés à l'aide de pinces portées et mises en oeuvre par des grues, portiques, engins roulants tels qu'élévateurs ou autres moyens de manutention.These containers are loaded and unloaded at by means of pliers carried and implemented by cranes, gantries, rolling machines such as elevators or other means of handling.

Concernant les remorques et semi-remorques, des structures réceptrices transversales portent le train roulant à l'arrière, alors que le pivot d'attelage est maintenu à l'avant par un support analogue ou constituant un équivalent du support d'articulation appelé classiquement sellette dans les ensembles routiers articulés à semi-remorque.Regarding trailers and semi-trailers, transverse receiving structures carry the undercarriage at the rear, while the pivot hitch is held in front by a support analog or constituting an equivalent of the support articulation classically called harness in articulated tractor-trailer combinations.

Si le maintien de la charge est correctement assuré, la mise en oeuvre des opérations de chargement et de déchargement ne s'avère guère aisée en raison des moyens lourds utilisés et de la relative précision de coïncidence à observer pour l'arrimage.If the charge is maintained correctly assured, the implementation of loading operations and unloading is not very easy due to the heavy means used and the relative precision of coincidence to observe for stowage.

On a également réalisé les opérations de chargement/déchargement par translation latérale d'une plate-forme de wagon entre un quai de chargement et une structure ferroviaire réceptrice ou wagon.We also carried out the operations of loading / unloading by lateral translation of a wagon platform between a loading dock and a receiving railway structure or wagon.

On peut citer à titre illustratif la structure wagon décrite dans le brevet allemand n° DE 3139220 dont les deux extrémités de la plate-forme sont des coulisses latérales par rapport aux blocs d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s).We can cite by way of illustration the wagon structure described in German patent n ° DE 3139220 with both ends of the platform side slides in relation to the blocks axle (s) or bogie (s).

Pour amener cette structure wagon dans sa position de chargement ou de déchargement, il est nécessaire de l'arrêter le long d'un plan de chargement extérieur spécialement aménagé, puis de translater la plate-forme transversalement au châssis, et de la faire reposer sur le plan de chargement.To bring this wagon structure into its loading or unloading position it is necessary to stop it along a loading plan specially landscaped exterior, then translate the platform transversely to the chassis, and make it rest on the loading surface.

Selon cette invention, le plan de chargement est spécialement surélevé pour venir au niveau de la plate-forme.According to this invention, the loading plan is specially raised to come to the level of the platform.

Selon cette invention également, seule la plate-forme porteuse est déplacée, et non la totalité de la structure.According to this invention also, only the carrier platform is moved, not all of the structure.

Les réalisations conformes à cette invention présentent l'inconvénient de nécessiter une structure wagon complexe, spécialement adaptée au transbordement.The achievements according to this invention have the disadvantage of requiring a structure complex wagon, specially adapted for transhipment.

Ces moyens onéreux et non universels ne conviennent pas à tous les types de charges.These expensive and non-universal means do not not suitable for all types of loads.

Un autre inconvénient réside dans la hauteur du plan de chargement dont l'accès n'est pas nécessairement compatible avec le niveau de la plate-forme wagon.Another disadvantage is the height of the loading plan whose access is not necessarily compatible with the level of the platform car.

La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients ci-dessus en proposant une structure ferroviaire porteuse facile à fabriquer, permettant des opérations de chargement/déchargement rapides et aisées.The object of the present invention is to alleviate the above disadvantages by proposing a structure carrier rail easy to manufacture, allowing fast loading / unloading operations and easy.

De plus, en vue de faciliter le désaccouplement et la mise en place du chargement en position désalignée, on prévoit de l'équiper, au moins à l'une de ses extrémités, d'un moyen de levage associé à des moyens de roulement en vue d'un déplacement latéral par pivotement autour de l'extrémité opposée.In addition, in order to facilitate uncoupling and placing the load in position misaligned, we plan to equip it, at least in one of its ends, of a lifting means associated with rolling means for lateral movement by pivot around the opposite end.

A cet effet, l'unité de transport ferroviaire selon l'invention comprend une structure porteuse reliant deux blocs d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s) pour le transport d'une charge ou d'un chargement de type routier, notamment une unité routière totalement ou partiellement constituée, et se particularise en ce que la structure porteuse est montée sur chacun des blocs d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s) par l'intermédiaire d'une interface composite transmettant les efforts de traction et les chocs, et en ce qu'au moins une extrémité de la structure porteuse est ouverte pour délimiter un passage d'accès, ladite structure porteuse étant montée directement ou indirectement dissociable dans son ensemble de l'interface d'au moins un bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s) en vue de dégager totalement le passage de la charge ou du chargement routier pour son accès sur ou dans la structure porteuse par l'ouverture d'accès.To this end, the rail transport unit according to the invention comprises a supporting structure connecting two axle blocks (x) or bogie (s) for the transport of a load or type load road, in particular a road unit totally or partially incorporated, and is particular in that the supporting structure is mounted on each of the blocks axle (s) or bogie (s) via a composite interface transmitting the forces of traction and shock, and in that at least one end of the supporting structure is open for delimit an access passage, said supporting structure being mounted directly or indirectly separable as a whole the interface of at least one block axle (s) or bogie (s) in order to fully release the passage of the load or the road loading for its access to or in the supporting structure through the opening access.

Les avantages de l'invention se montrent nombreux. On peut citer notamment :

  • possibilité de déchargement même sur des quais ne comportant pas d'installation de manutention ;
  • possibilité de chargement/déchargement quel que soit le niveau du quai ;
  • rapidité des opérations de mise en oeuvre et de chargement/déchargement ;
  • aptitude à recevoir tous types de chargement.
The advantages of the invention are numerous. We can cite in particular:
  • possibility of unloading even on quays without a handling facility;
  • possibility of loading / unloading whatever the level of the quay;
  • speed of implementation and loading / unloading operations;
  • ability to receive all types of cargo.

Par ailleurs, en raison du caractère dissociable de la structure porteuse selon l'invention, et en fonction du mode de réalisation particulier, à l'avant et à l'arrière, on peut envisager son enlèvement à l'état vide ou chargé, par le simple mouvement vertical d'un engin de levage extérieur, pour l'extraire d'un convoi ferroviaire, afin de l'insérer directement dans un autre convoi à proximité, ou de déposer la structure porteuse sur un quai en vue d'un chargement ou déchargement.Furthermore, due to the character separable from the supporting structure according to the invention, and depending on the particular embodiment, to front and rear, we can consider its removal in empty or loaded state, by simple vertical movement of an external lifting device, for extract it from a train convoy, in order to insert it directly in another convoy nearby, or deposit the supporting structure on a quay for a loading or unloading.

Les moyens spécifiques d'un mode de réalisation particulier lui permettent de viser deux autres façons de procéder aux opérations de chargement/déchargement : en ligne et en oblique. Cette dernière solution procure un gain de temps notable sur la durée totale de chargement d'un convoi ferroviaire.The specific means of a particular achievement allow him to target two other ways to do loading / unloading: online and oblique. This last solution saves significant time on the total loading time of a rail convoy.

On décrira ci-après plus en détail plusieurs modes de réalisation non limitatifs de la structure de wagon dissociable conforme à l'invention, en référence aux dessins accompagnants dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique de profil d'une succession composite de plusieurs unités de transport ferroviaire ;
  • les figures 2, 3 et 4 sont des vues schématiques de profil montrant trois types d'extrémités de l'unité routière selon l'invention, respectivement :
    • avec tampon et crochet d'attelage sur l'interface,
    • avec bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie commun à deux extrémités,
    • avec bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie commun, interface commune et axe de pivotement commun ;
  • les figures 5, 6 et 7 sont des vues de profil illustrant des exemples d'applications respectivement aux structures routières porte-voitures, à une remorque semi-portée et à des conteneurs ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale illustrant un des moyens de levage intégré sous la forme de béquilles avec représentation du gabarit en traits mixtes ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en coupe transversale montrant des structures de soutien d'un ou de plusieurs conteneurs avec représentation du gabarit en traits mixtes ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en coupe transversale illustrant les moyens de déplacement-soutien longitudinaux avec représentation du gabarit en traits mixtes ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue en coupe transversale illustrant un exemple de réalisation à fond plat ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue schématique en perspective de la structure porteuse vue d'une de ses extrémités dans sa version à fond plat ;
  • les figures 13 à 16 sont des vues successives de profil, puis en plan, montrant le chargement/déchargement par levage ;
  • les figures 17 à 22 sont des vues schématiques de profil illustrant une séquence de déchargement selon le mode en ligne ;
  • les figures 23 à 28 sont des vues de profil puis en plan montrant les différentes phases d'une séquence de chargement selon le mode en oblique.
  • la figure 29 est une vue générale en perspective de l'ensemble de la structure wagon selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 30 est une vue en perspective de l'extrémité avant et de l'interface de bogie sur laquelle elle est montée ;
  • la figure 31 est une vue en perspective de l'extrémité avant et de l'interface de bogie sur laquelle elle est destinée à être montée ;
  • les figures 32 et 33 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale de la traverse avant et après dissociation ;
  • la figure 34 est une vue en perspective de l'extrémité d'un des bras arrière coopérant avec un doigt rétractable ;
  • la figure 35 est une vue simplifiée en perspective de la structure wagon montrant des moyens de levage vertical et de roulage latéral intégrés ;
  • les figures 36, 37 et 38 sont des vues schématiques en plan illustrant un chargement en épi dans le cas d'une application à une unité routière du type semi-remorque ;
  • la figure 39 est une vue simplifiée en élévation de l'arrière de la structure wagon chargée par une semi-remorque.
Several non-limiting embodiments of the separable wagon structure according to the invention will be described below in more detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic profile view of a composite succession of several rail transport units;
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 are schematic side views showing three types of ends of the road unit according to the invention, respectively:
    • with buffer and towing hook on the interface,
    • with axle block (x) or bogie common at both ends,
    • with common axle block (s) or bogie, common interface and common pivot axis;
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 are side views illustrating examples of applications respectively to car transporter road structures, a semi-trailer and containers;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating one of the integrated lifting means in the form of crutches with representation of the template in phantom;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing support structures of one or more containers with representation of the template in phantom;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the longitudinal displacement-support means with representation of the template in phantom;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment with a flat bottom;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of the support structure seen from one of its ends in its flat bottom version;
  • Figures 13 to 16 are successive side views, then in plan, showing loading / unloading by lifting;
  • Figures 17 to 22 are schematic side views illustrating an unloading sequence according to the online mode;
  • Figures 23 to 28 are side views then in plan showing the different phases of a loading sequence according to the oblique mode.
  • Figure 29 is a general perspective view of the entire wagon structure according to the invention;
  • Figure 30 is a perspective view of the front end and the bogie interface on which it is mounted;
  • FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the front end and of the bogie interface on which it is intended to be mounted;
  • Figures 32 and 33 are views in longitudinal section of the cross member before and after dissociation;
  • Figure 34 is a perspective view of the end of one of the rear arms cooperating with a retractable finger;
  • FIG. 35 is a simplified perspective view of the wagon structure showing integrated vertical lifting and lateral rolling means;
  • Figures 36, 37 and 38 are schematic plan views illustrating a spike loading in the case of an application to a road unit of the semi-trailer type;
  • FIG. 39 is a simplified view in elevation of the rear of the wagon structure loaded by a semi-trailer.

Pour rendre la description plus claire et supprimer toute ambiguïté, nous précisons ci-après la définition du terme "bloc d'essieu(x)" par rapport au terme "bogie".To make the description clearer and remove any ambiguity, we specify below the definition of the term "axle block (s)" in relation to term "bogie".

Un bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s) doit être considéré dans ce qui suit comme un support roulant ferroviaire quelconque, c'est-à-dire un ensemble roulant sur une voie ferrée formé d'au moins un essieu et d'une structure mécanique porteuse minimale incluant les roulements. Dans le cas d'un bloc à deux essieux, cette structure comprend le châssis mécanique reliant les deux essieux.An axle block (s) or bogie (s) must be considered in the following as a rolling support any railroad, i.e. a set running on a railway track formed by at least one axle and a minimum load-bearing mechanical structure including the bearings. In the case of a two-axle unit, this structure includes the mechanical chassis connecting both axles.

La notion de bogie doit être comprise dans ce qui suit comme une unité roulante ferroviaire plus complète. Elle est formée d'un bloc d'essieu(x) et de divers moyens mécaniques intermédiaires assurant la liaison entre le châssis du wagon et ledit bloc d'essieu(x).The concept of bogie must be understood in this which follows as a rail rolling unit plus complete. It consists of an axle block (x) and various intermediate mechanical means ensuring the connection between the chassis of the wagon and said block axle (x).

Les moyens mécaniques intermédiaires sont appelés "interface".The intermediate mechanical means are called "interface".

On décrira tout d'abord l'unité ferroviaire selon l'invention dans ses moyens généraux.We will first describe the railway unit according to the invention in its general means.

L'unité de transport ferroviaire selon l'invention se compose d'une structure porteuse de liaison 1 présentant deux extrémités longitudinales avant 2 et arrière 3, par lesquelles elle se trouve montée directement ou indirectement articulée sur deux blocs d'essieu(x) ferroviaires respectivement avant 4 et arrière 5 par l'intermédiaire d'une interface composite adaptée avant 6 et arrière 7. The rail transport unit according to the invention consists of a supporting structure of link 1 having two longitudinal ends front 2 and rear 3, by which it is located directly or indirectly mounted on two railway axle blocks (s) respectively before 4 and back 5 through an interface composite adapted before 6 and rear 7.

La structure porteuse 1 présente au moins deux pièces de flancs parallèles 8 et 9 se terminant selon les extrémités longitudinales avant 2 et arrière 3 distinctes ou réunies entre elles.The supporting structure 1 has at least two pieces of parallel sides 8 and 9 ending along the front 2 and rear longitudinal ends 3 separate or joined together.

Selon une variante principale, l'interface composite 6 ou 7 est solidaire du bloc d'essieu(x) correspondant 4 ou 5.According to a main variant, the interface composite 6 or 7 is integral with the axle block (x) corresponding 4 or 5.

Pour remplir les conditions générales de roulage, il doit exister entre chaque bloc d'essieu(x) 4 ou 5 et les extrémités correspondantes de la structure porteuse de liaison au moins une articulation de roulage 10.To fulfill the general conditions of driving, there must be between each axle block (x) 4 or 5 and the corresponding ends of the supporting structure for connecting at least one articulation driving 10.

Les interfaces composites d'extrémité 6 ou 7 comportent isolément ou simultanément, à l'une de leurs extrémités, des tampons tels que 11 et un crochet d'attelage 12 pour l'amortissement des chocs et la transmission de l'effort de traction au bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s).Composite end interfaces 6 or 7 individually or simultaneously, with one of their ends, pads such as 11 and a hook hitch 12 for shock absorption and transmission of tensile force to the block axle (s) or bogie (s).

La structure porteuse 1 est libre au moins à l'une de ses extrémités longitudinales, par exemple arrière 3, selon une ouverture d'accès 13 partielle ou totale mais suffisante pour le passage de la charge ou du chargement routier dans le cas d'un chargement par pénétration longitudinale ou en oblique.The supporting structure 1 is free at least at one of its longitudinal ends, for example rear 3, according to a partial access opening 13 or total but sufficient for the passage of the load or of road loading in the case of loading by longitudinal or oblique penetration.

Pour ce faire, au moins l'extrémité longitudinale arrière 3 libre selon l'ouverture 13 est montée dissociable du bloc d'essieu(x) adjacent, au niveau de l'interface avant 6 par des moyens d'accouplement-verrouillage.To do this, at least the longitudinal end rear 3 free according to opening 13 east dissociable rise from the adjacent axle block (s), at front interface level 6 by means coupling-locking.

De tels moyens d'accouplement-verrouillage peuvent exister sur l'autre interface composite avant 7.Such coupling-locking means can exist on the other front composite interface 7.

D'autres moyens spécifiques d'accouplement-verrouillage peuvent également exister de façon alternative sur l'interface composite avant 7.Other specific means of coupling-locking can also exist in a way alternative on the front composite interface 7.

Pour réaliser le mode de chargement dit en oblique, au moins une des interfaces composites, de préférence l'interface composite avant 7, présentera une articulation de pivotement de chargement/déchargement 14 permettant de la faire pivoter dans son ensemble.To achieve the loading mode known as oblique, at least one of the composite interfaces, of preferably the composite interface before 7, will present a loading / unloading pivot joint 14 allowing it to rotate in its together.

Selon diverses variantes, les deux articulations de pivotement, d'une part de roulage 10, et d'autre part de chargement/déchargement 14, sont juxtaposées ou confondues, ou distinctes, mais à axes confondus.According to various variants, the two pivot joints, on the one hand of rolling 10, and on the other hand loading / unloading 14, are juxtaposed or combined, or distinct, but with axes confused.

La présente invention couvre aussi bien deux articulations simples qu'une articulation double de pivotement selon un axe commun.The present invention covers two single joints than a double joint of pivoting along a common axis.

Afin de permettre plusieurs modes de chargement/déchargement, notamment le chargement/déchargement par levage, la structure porteuse de liaison est désolidarisable des deux interfaces composites.In order to allow several modes of loading / unloading, in particular loading / unloading by lifting, the load-bearing connecting structure can be separated from the two composite interfaces.

Elle peut être désolidarisable de l'interface composite avant par l'articulation de chargement-pivotement 14.It can be separated from the interface composite front by load-pivot joint 14.

Selon une autre variante représentée sur la figure 4, l'articulation de chargement-pivotement 14, éventuellement confondue avec l'articulation de roulage 10 d'une extrémité de la structure porteuse de liaison 1, est commune ou présente un axe commun 15 avec l'articulation de chargement-pivotement de l'extrémité de la structure porteuse de liaison 1 immédiatement suivante.According to another variant represented on the FIG. 4, the loading-pivoting articulation 14, possibly confused with the rolling joint 10 from one end of the connecting support structure 1, is common or has a common axis 15 with the load-pivot joint at the end of the connecting support structure 1 immediately next.

Concernant le mode de chargement/déchargement par levage, il est prévu, au niveau de la structure porteuse de liaison 1, des éléments adaptés destinés à coopérer avec les moyens de levage classiques disponibles sur les aires de chargement/déchargement : gares de marchandises, zones portuaires...Regarding the loading / unloading mode by lifting, it is planned, at the level of the structure link carrier 1, adapted elements intended for cooperate with conventional lifting means available on loading / unloading areas: freight stations, port areas ...

Les moyens intégrés de levage 16 de l'une ou de l'autre extrémité, ou des deux, permettent de créer un mouvement vertical de dégagement suffisant pour réaliser la dissociation de l'une ou de l'autre extrémité, ou des deux, du bloc d'essieu(x) adjacent, ou de sa structure d'interface composite associée.The integrated lifting means 16 of one or on the other end, or both, create sufficient vertical release movement to realize the dissociation of one or the other end, or both, of the adjacent axle block (s), or its associated composite interface structure.

Des moyens de déplacement latéral, par exemple de roulage transversaux 17 sur le sol, associés ou non aux moyens intégrés de levage 16, ont pour but de permettre, en association avec les moyens de levage, le déboítement de la structure porteuse de liaison par un mouvement vertical puis latéral en vue de décentrer l'ouverture transversale d'accès 13 et de la dégager totalement de l'interface composite correspondante (figures 8 et 12).Lateral displacement means, for example of transverse running 17 on the ground, associated or not to the integrated lifting means 16, are intended to allow, in association with the lifting means, the dislocation of the load-bearing connecting structure by a vertical then lateral movement in order to decentralize the transverse access opening 13 and release it totally from the corresponding composite interface (Figures 8 and 12).

Les modes de chargement/déchargement en oblique et en ligne sont facilités grâce aux caractéristiques précitées, concernant l'ouverture transversale d'accès 13 présente à l'une des extrémités, par exemple arrière, le pivotement d'ensemble, mais aussi la présence de structures linéaires porteuses dont il sera question ci-après.The loading / unloading modes in oblique and online are facilitated by aforementioned characteristics, concerning the opening transverse access 13 present at one of ends, for example rear, pivoting overall, but also the presence of structures linear carriers which will be discussed below.

La structure porteuse de liaison 1 est destinée à porter diverses charges, notamment des charges routières entièrement ou partiellement constituées.The supporting link structure 1 is intended to carry various loads, in particular road loads fully or partially incorporated.

Il s'agit par exemple, comme représenté sur les figures 5, 6 et 7, d'un ensemble routier articulé 18 porte-véhicules transportant des voitures telles que 19 ou d'une semi-remorque 20, ou bien encore d'un ou de deux conteneurs ou caisses mobiles 21 et 22 normalisés ISO, fixés sur leur base routière ou soutenus de différentes façons, par exemple au niveau de leurs classiques pièces de coin.For example, as shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, of an articulated road assembly 18 vehicle carriers carrying cars such as 19 or a semi-trailer 20, or even one or more two standardized containers or swap bodies 21 and 22 ISO, fixed on their road base or supported by different ways, for example in terms of their classic corner pieces.

La charge routière est portée par différents moyens.The road load is carried by different means.

On décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, quelques moyens particuliers.We will describe below, by way of example not limiting, some specific means.

De façon générale, il s'agit de structures linéaires porteuses intérieures 23 et 24 présentes le long des pièces de flanc 8 et 9 qui maintiennent le plan de soutien du chargement à un niveau dit surbaissé, c'est-à-dire en dessous du niveau supérieur du bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s).Generally speaking, these are structures linear internal carriers 23 and 24 present on along the side pieces 8 and 9 which hold the loading support plan at a level said lowered, i.e. below the upper level axle block (s) or bogie (s).

Selon une première variante, ces structures porteuses inférieures sont réalisées sous la forme de moyens de déplacement selon des chemins 25 et 26 de roulement, de glissement ou de guidage, pour les roues ou des éléments de roulement additionnels aux roues (figure 10), ou pour des structures mobiles transversales porteuses mobiles accueillant les roues ou les trains de roues de la charge routière à transporter. Il peut s'agir, par exemple, dans ce dernier cas, de chariots ou de berceaux mobiles le long des chemins ci-dessus ( non représentés ).According to a first variant, these structures lower carriers are produced in the form of means of movement along paths 25 and 26 of bearing, sliding or guide, for wheels or additional rolling elements to the wheels (figure 10), or for mobile structures transverse movable carriers accommodating the wheels or the road load wheel trains at carry. It can be, for example, in this last case, trolleys or cradles movable along of the above paths (not shown).

Selon une autre variante, la structure porteuse de liaison présente un fond 27, par exemple plat, sous la forme d'une plaque 28 réunissant les bords inférieurs de chacune des pièces de flanc 8 et 9, afin de former une rampe d'accès et un plan porteur pour la charge routière (figure 11).According to another variant, the structure link carrier has a bottom 27, for example flat, in the form of a plate 28 bringing together the lower edges of each of the flank pieces 8 and 9, to form an access ramp and a supporting plane for the road load (figure 11).

Selon les caractéristiques ci-dessus, le fond 27 constituant également la rampe d'accès est le plan porteur du chargement et se trouve situé à un niveau dit surbaissé.According to the above characteristics, the bottom 27 also constituting the access ramp is the plan load carrier and is located at a level said lowered.

Par ailleurs, l'unité de transport ferroviaire peut être ouverte ou couverte, et dans ce dernier cas, présenter une couverture fixe ou amovible.In addition, the rail transport unit can be opened or covered, and in this last case, present a fixed or removable cover.

De plus, elle comportera des moyens de support, par exemple des consoles, fixes ou effaçables, supérieures 29,30 ou latérales 31,32 équipées de verrous tournants pour le soutien d'un ou de deux conteneurs ou caisses mobiles par leurs pièces de coin, ceux-ci étant susceptibles de chargement ou de déchargement par un mouvement vertical de pose ou d'enlèvement (figure 9).In addition, it will include means of support, for example consoles, fixed or erasable, upper 29.30 or lateral 31.32 fitted with twistlocks for supporting one or two containers or swap bodies by their corner pieces, these being susceptible of loading or unloading by a vertical laying movement or removal (Figure 9).

Selon une autre forme de réalisation, les deux pièces de flanc 8 et 9 de la structure porteuse de liaison 1 se prolongent longitudinalement au-delà de chacune de leurs extrémités par des extensions parallèles en forme de bras tels que 33 et 34, par exemple rectilignes, venant en relation d'appui avec l'interface composite correspondante montée sur son bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie(s) (figures 12 à 28).According to another embodiment, the two flank pieces 8 and 9 of the supporting structure of link 1 extend longitudinally beyond each of their ends by extensions arm-shaped parallels such as 33 and 34, by straight example, coming in support relation with the corresponding composite interface mounted on its axle block (s) or bogie (s) (Figures 12 to 28).

On distingue une extrémité arrière présentant l'ouverture transversale d'accès 13, conformée comme indiquée ci-dessus, par laquelle pénètre le chargement en mode longitudinal, et une extrémité avant montée de façon pivotante sur le bloc d'essieu(x) avant 4 par l'intermédiaire de l'interface composite correspondante.There is a rear end with the transverse access opening 13, shaped as indicated above, through which the load enters in longitudinal mode, and a front end mounted swivel on the front axle block (s) 4 by through the corresponding composite interface.

Selon une autre variante, les extrémités des pièces de flanc avant et arrière sont, par exemple, reliées entre elles par une traverse de liaison avant et arrière telles que 35 et 36 (figures 12 à 28).According to another variant, the ends of the front and rear flank pieces are, for example, interconnected by a front link cross member and rear such as 35 and 36 (Figures 12 to 28).

Comme déjà indiqué, elles peuvent également être réunies à leur partie inférieure par une plaque de fond formant le plancher, utilisable comme rampe d'accès et de soutien.As already indicated, they can also be joined at their bottom by a plate of bottom forming the floor, usable as a ramp access and support.

Comme déjà indiqué, les pièces de flanc 8 et 9 peuvent être équipées chacune le long de leur face interne d'un chemin de roulement, de glissement ou de guidage, destiné à servir de support de déplacement aux roues d'un véhicule, à une prolongation du moyeu ou à un chariot porteur d'un support accueillant les roues de l'unité routière à transporter.As already indicated, the side pieces 8 and 9 can be fitted each along their face internal of a raceway, sliding or guide, intended to serve as a movement support for wheels of a vehicle, to an extension of the hub or to a carriage carrying a support accommodating the wheels of the road unit to be transported.

L'extrémité avant comporte en outre au niveau des extrémités arrière des pièces de flanc, les moyens de levage intégrés 16 sous la forme de béquilles extensibles 37,38 à semelle d'appui (figures 8 et 12).The front end further comprises at the level rear ends of the flank pieces, the means integrated lifting gear 16 in the form of crutches extensible 37.38 with support sole (Figures 8 and 12).

Les moyens de roulement sont constitués par des rouleaux inférieurs 39 et 40 représentés schématiquement sur la figure 12.The rolling means consist of lower rollers 39 and 40 shown schematically in Figure 12.

Sous cette forme, l'unité de transport ferroviaire selon l'invention peut venir se monter par chacune de ses extrémités sur un bogie 41 de type universel, comprenant classiquement un train de roulage, un châssis porteur et une crapaudine 42 dans laquelle viendra s'engager à rotation un support pivotant 43 commun à chacune des traverses de liaison 35 et 36 ou deux supports pivotants indépendants, traverses portant chacune, à chacune de leurs extrémités, des moyens d'accouplement à verrou d'immobilisation dans deux ou trois directions coopérant avec des moyens adaptés. Ces traverses, pivotantes de liaison sont prévues chacune pour relier et supporter les extrémités de chacun des bras bordant
   l'extrémité avant comme représenté sur les figures de 13 à 28.In this form, the rail transport unit according to the invention can be mounted at each of its ends on a bogie 41 of the universal type, conventionally comprising a running gear, a carrying frame and a crapaudine 42 in which will come s' rotationally engaging a pivoting support 43 common to each of the connecting crosspieces 35 and 36 or two independent pivoting supports, crosspieces each carrying, at each of their ends, immobilization latch coupling means in two or three directions cooperating with suitable means. These crosspieces, pivoting link are each provided to connect and support the ends of each of the arms bordering
the front end as shown in Figures 13 to 28.

Un pivot unique peut être utilisé pour réaliser, d'une part le pivotement de roulage et en plus la fonction de pivotement de chargement/déchargement de la structure porteuse de liaison immédiatement voisine dans le cas d'articulations à axe commun avec celui du pivot de bogie.A single pivot can be used to on the one hand, the rolling pivoting and plus the swivel function of loading / unloading of the load-bearing structure immediately neighboring link in the case articulations with a common axis with that of the pivot of bogie.

On décrira maintenant plus en détail la variante ci-dessus à pivot unique en se référant aux figures 29 à 39.We will now describe in more detail the above variant with single pivot referring to Figures 29 to 39.

Cette variante est déjà représentée schématiquement sur la figure 4 montrant un bloc d'essieu(x) commun avec une interface commune et un axe de pivotement commun.This variant is already shown schematically in Figure 4 showing a block common axle (s) with a common interface and an axis joint pivot.

Le but du développement descriptif supplémentaire ci-après est d'illustrer cette variante par un mode de réalisation mettant en oeuvre des moyens particuliers d'articulation et d'accouplement.The purpose of descriptive development to illustrate this variant below by an embodiment using means joint and coupling individuals.

La structure wagon est une structure porteuse répondant aux normes ferroviaires. Elle est destinée à venir s'accoupler de façon dissociable par l'une ou l'autre de ses extrémités sur une interface de bogie commune à deux structures adjacentes successives et identiques pour tous les bogies d'un même convoi.The wagon structure is a load-bearing structure meeting railway standards. It is intended for come to mate in a dissociable way by one or the other of its ends on a bogie interface common to two successive adjacent structures and identical for all the bogies of the same convoy.

L'interface de bogie est identique pour tous les bogies d'un même convoi ferroviaire.Bogie interface is the same for everyone the bogies of the same rail convoy.

L'invention vise, mais de façon non limitative, l'utilisation des bogies classiques et universels.The invention aims, but not limiting, the use of classic bogies and universal.

De façon non limitative et non restrictive dans l'application, on décrira tout d'abord ci-après pour des raisons de clarté et de suffisance de description un exemple du moyen d'interface de bogie susceptible de recevoir de façon dissociable par ses extrémités la structure wagon.Without limitation and without limitation in the application, we will first describe below for reasons of clarity and adequacy of description an example of the bogie interface means liable to be severed by its wagon structure ends.

En référence aux figures 30 et 31, le bogie universel 41 se compose de façon traditionnelle de deux essieux 45 et 46 qui portent, le cas échéant, des disques de frein, par exemple 47, 48, 49 et 50.With reference to Figures 30 and 31, the bogie universal 41 traditionally consists of two axles 45 and 46 which, if applicable, have brake discs, e.g. 47, 48, 49 and 50.

Les extrémités des essieux sont montées dans des boítes de roulement 51, 52, 53 et 54 supportant des blocs de jumelage 55 et 56 constituant avec divers autres éléments mécaniques un châssis non représenté en détail. Ce châssis supporte au moins une articulation à rotule appelée classiquement crapaudine 57.The ends of the axles are mounted in bearing boxes 51, 52, 53 and 54 supporting twinning blocks 55 and 56 constituting with various other mechanical elements a chassis not shown in detail. This chassis supports at least one articulation patella conventionally called crapaudine 57.

Cette rotule reçoit communément à pivotement la structure inférieure d'extrémité du wagon supporté par le bogie.This ball joint commonly receives pivoting the lower end structure of the supported car by the bogie.

Pour des raisons de stabilité et de débattement lors des inclinaisons en courbe, il existe à proximité des blocs de jumelage 55 et 56 entre les roues adjacentes des supports annexes appelés lisoirs 58 et 59 associés à une suspension à débattement vertical montée par exemple sur chacun des blocs de jumelage des essieux.For reasons of stability and travel during inclines in curves, there are near twinning blocks 55 and 56 between the adjacent wheels of the ancillary supports called sideboards 58 and 59 associated with a suspension suspension vertical mounted for example on each of the blocks of axle twinning.

Pour des raisons de clarté du dessin, il n'a été représenté que les structures principales du bogie. Ainsi, certains supports mécaniques de liaison existants sont invisibles.For reasons of clarity of the drawing, it has not been shown as the main structures of the bogie. Thus, certain mechanical connection supports existing are invisible.

Cette interface commune de bogie adaptable à toutes les bases roulantes ferroviaires courantes appelées bogies, permet d'articuler et de relier simultanément les extrémités avant et arrière de deux structures wagon successives conformes à l'invention sur et par un même bogie.This common bogie interface adaptable to all common railway rolling bases called bogies, allows to articulate and connect simultaneously the front and rear ends of two successive wagon structures according to the invention on and by the same bogie.

Ainsi, deux structures wagon successives, sont reliées par une interface commune à un même bogie.So, two successive wagon structures, are connected by a common interface to the same bogie.

Cette interface de bogie est prévue pour servir de pièce de liaison commune à deux structures wagon successives 60 et 61 de même type conformes à la présente invention (figures 36 à 38), par exemple amovibles et déboítables, comprenant une extrémité arrière ouverte 62 utilisée pour l'accès du chargement autonome, par exemple l'unité routière. Cette extrémité arrière est bordée de deux bras 63 et 64 analogues aux bras 33 et 34 terminés chacun par un moyen de jonction 65, 66. La structure wagon comporte également une extrémité avant 67 conformée en "V" à deux branches 68 et 69 convergeant selon une pointe 70 qui sert de centre de pivotement 71.This bogie interface is intended for serve as a common connecting piece for two structures successive wagons 60 and 61 of the same type in accordance with present invention (Figures 36 to 38), for example removable and removable, comprising one end open rear 62 used for loading access autonomous, for example the road unit. This end rear is bordered by two arms 63 and 64 similar to arms 33 and 34 each terminated by a joining means 65, 66. The wagon structure also includes a front end 67 shaped like a "V" with two branches 68 and 69 converging along a point 70 which serves as pivot center 71.

L'interface de bogie dont il s'agit, se présente sous la forme d'une traverse d'interface pivotante 72 montée sur le bogie 41 comportant un ensemble central articulé 73 commun aux deux structures wagon successives 60 et 61.The bogie interface in question is present in the form of an interface crosspiece pivoting 72 mounted on the bogie 41 comprising a articulated central unit 73 common to the two structures successive wagons 60 and 61.

Cette traverse 72 comporte à chacune de ses extrémités un support de réception, par exemple des pions de centrage 74 et 75 ou des moyens effaçables ou escamotables, par exemple des doigts rétractables dont il sera question plus loin, par exemple de forme conique, destinés à recevoir de façon dissociable chacun des bras 63 et 64 de l'extrémité arrière ouverte 62 de l'une des structures wagon supportée par le bogie commun. Ces supports de réception sont alignés avec le centre de la traverse. A côté de ces pions ou associés ou intégrés à ceux-ci sont prévus des verrous additionnels pour assurer la sécurité de l'accouplement (non représentés).This crosspiece 72 comprises at each of its ends a receiving support, for example centering pins 74 and 75 or erasable means or retractable, for example retractable fingers, it will be discussed later, for example of form conical, intended to receive in a dissociable way each of arms 63 and 64 of the open rear end 62 of one of the wagon structures supported by the bogie common. These receiving supports are aligned with the center of the sleeper. Next to these pawns or associates or integrated into them are provided locks additional to ensure coupling safety (not shown).

Ces supports de réception constituent des moyens de jonction avec des formes complémentaires prévues aux extrémités 63 et 64 des bras de l'extrémité arrière ouverte 62 de la structure wagon.These reception supports constitute means of joining with complementary shapes provided at the ends 63 and 64 of the arms of the end open rear 62 of the wagon structure.

La traverse 72 d'interface présente par ailleurs, en sous-face, symétriquement de part et d'autre de chaque côté de son ensemble central articulé 73, une plage d'appui par exemple sous la forme de platines rapportées 76, 77 en regard de chacun des lisoirs 58 et 59, ces platines servant de surface d'appui et de contact à la traverse 72.The interface crosspiece 72 presented by elsewhere, on the underside, symmetrically in part and on either side of its articulated central assembly 73, a support area for example in the form of inserts 76, 77 opposite each of the reader 58 and 59, these plates serving as surface support and contact at the crosspiece 72.

De plus, la traverse 72 d'interface peut présenter sur sa face supérieure de part et d'autre de sa partie centrale deux platines d'appui-frottement 78 et 79 pour deux patins en regard 80 et 81 montés sur des ressorts 82 et 83 destinés à rendre moins brutal le contact d'appui lors des mouvements de roulis et par là même assurer la stabilité en roulis.In addition, the interface cross member 72 can present on its upper side on either side of its central part two friction-bearing plates 78 and 79 for two pads opposite 80 and 81 mounted on springs 82 and 83 intended to make the contact support during roll movements and thereby even provide roll stability.

La traverse 72 d'interface repose sur le bogie, d'une part, en son centre de façon articulée, et d'autre part, latéralement par ses plages d'appui sur chacun des lisoirs offrant ainsi les débattements selon les trois degrés de liberté nécessaires entre une structure wagon et un bogie.The interface cross member 72 rests on the bogie, on the one hand, in its center in an articulated way, and on the other hand, laterally by its support surfaces on each of the sideboards thus offering the deflections according to the three degrees of freedom required between a wagon structure and a bogie.

L'ensemble central articulé 73 s'avère complexe.The articulated central assembly 73 turns out complex.

Il comporte une articulation inférieure 84, portant mécaniquement la traverse 72, articulation inférieure constituée par la crapaudine 57, c'est-à-dire une rotule s'emboítant dans le réceptacle d'un corps inférieur semi-sphérique 85 existant sur chaque bogie, rotule qui autorise des débattements dans toutes les directions, c'est-à-dire selon les trois degrés de liberté nécessaires entre une structure wagon et son bogie.It has a lower articulation 84, mechanically carrying the crosspiece 72, articulation lower formed by the tread 57, that is to say a ball joint fitting into the receptacle of a semi-spherical lower body 85 existing on each bogie, ball joint that allows travel in all the directions, that is to say according to the three degrees of necessary freedom between a wagon structure and its bogie.

L'ensemble central articulé 73 comporte également une articulation supérieure 86 s'appuyant ou montée sur un élément ou une structure mécanique 87 solidaire de la traverse 72 d'interface.The articulated central assembly 73 comprises also an upper articulation 86 resting or mounted on a mechanical element or structure 87 secured to the interface cross member 72.

Cette articulation supérieure 86 est coaxiale à l'articulation inférieure 84. Ces deux articulations présentent donc un même axe géométrique 88.This upper articulation 86 is coaxial at the lower joint 84. These two joints therefore have the same geometric axis 88.

L'articulation supérieure 86 reçoit de façon dissociable ou non le centre de pivotement 71 de l'extrémité avant en pointe 70 de la structure wagon constituant avec celui-ci un moyen d'articulation.The upper articulation 86 receives so separable or not the pivot center 71 of the front end at point 70 of the wagon structure constituting with it a means of articulation.

Il importe que l'articulation supérieure 86 permette au moins les mouvements de pivotement dans un plan horizontal visés dans le mode de chargement/déchargement utilisant le déport latéral en oblique.It is important that the upper articulation 86 allows at least the pivoting movements in a horizontal plane referred to in the mode of loading / unloading using lateral offset in oblique.

Ainsi, seule la fonction de pivotement est indispensable pour l'articulation supérieure.So only the swivel function is essential for the upper joint.

La compensation du faible débattement provoqué par les mouvements de roulis et de tangage peut être assurée soit par la légère déformation élastique des structures wagon en association avec les moyens additionnels de suspension : lisoirs et/ou autres, soit par une fonction rotule ou de déformation élastique au niveau des supports de réception ou doigts rétractables, soit encore par la conjonction des moyens ci-dessus.Compensation for low travel caused by roll and pitch movements can be ensured either by slight deformation elastic of wagon structures in association with additional means of suspension: reading tables and / or others, either by a patella or deformation function elastic at the receiving supports or fingers retractable, or again by the conjunction of the means above.

Bien entendu, cette fonction rotule additionnelle à la fonction de pivotement, peut être remplie simultanément au niveau de l'articulation supérieure 86 comme dans l'articulation supérieure mixte décrite ci-après.Of course, this ball joint function additional to the swivel function, can be filled simultaneously at the joint upper 86 as in the upper joint mixed described below.

On peut ainsi envisager différentes formes techniques pour cette articulation supérieure dont la fonction générale est celle d'un pivot avec éventuellement une fonction complémentaire de rotule autorisant des mouvements de pivotement autour de l'axe commun 88 avec celui de la crapaudine, et éventuellement de faibles débattements en inclinaison.We can thus consider different forms techniques for this upper joint including the general function is that of a pivot with possibly a complementary function of ball joint allowing pivoting movements around the axis common 88 with that of the toad, and possibly small deflections in inclination.

On décrira ci-après à titre d'exemple une forme de réalisation de ce type d'articulation mixte pivot-rotule, mais il peut en exister d'autres équivalentes.An example will be described below. embodiment of this type of mixed joint pivot-patella, but there may be others equivalent.

Selon une réalisation particulière, l'articulation supérieure 86 est un roulement à rotule 89 monté sur un cylindre-pivot 90 solidaire de la partie centrale de la traverse et coaxial à l'axe vertical de pivotement de la crapaudine.According to a particular realization, upper joint 86 is a spherical bearing 89 mounted on a pivot cylinder 90 secured to the central part of the cross member and coaxial with the axis vertical pivot of the basket.

Ce roulement à rotule se développe autour du cylindre-pivot 90 et à l'intérieur d'une cage 91 cylindrique à surface latérale extérieure conique 92 solidaire ou déboítable de l'extrémité avant 67 en pointe de la structure wagon.This spherical bearing develops around the pivot cylinder 90 and inside a cage 91 cylindrical with conical outer side surface 92 integral with or detachable from the front end 67 in tip of the wagon structure.

On ne vise pas particulièrement la désolidarisation de l'extrémité avant 67 en pointe de la structure wagon d'avec le bogie. Toutefois, on prévoit éventuellement de la dissocier avec ou sans la cage 91 du roulement à rotule.We are not particularly targeting decoupling from the front end 67 to the tip of the wagon structure with bogie. However, it is expected possibly to dissociate it with or without the cage 91 of the spherical bearing.

A cet effet, la pointe 70 en "V" de l'extrémité avant de la structure wagon se présente sous la forme d'un simple alésage traversant, soit cylindrique, soit conique, venant s'emboíter sur la paroi extérieure de la cage 91 du roulement à rotule.For this purpose, the point 70 in "V" of the front end of the wagon structure is presented as a simple through bore, either cylindrical, either conical, coming to fit on the outer wall of the cage 91 of the spherical bearing.

Pour remplir simultanément les fonctions de pivotement et de rotule, l'exemple de roulement dont il s'agit est un roulement du type à rotule 93 sur rouleaux étagés 94 et 95 disposés en tonneau lui conférant un profil biconique, comme représenté sur les figures 32 et 33.To simultaneously perform the functions of swivel and ball joint, the example of bearing this is a ball joint type 93 on stepped rollers 94 and 95 arranged in a barrel giving a biconical profile, as shown in the Figures 32 and 33.

D'autres formes équivalentes de cette articulation s'avèrent possibles.Other equivalent forms of this articulation is possible.

On peut également imaginer d'inverser les liaisons articulées.We can also imagine reversing the articulated links.

Dans cette configuration, l'extrémité avant 67 de la structure wagon est montée directement sur la crapaudine alors que la traverse 72 d'interface est articulée au-dessus sur une prolongation, un axe traversant l'extrémité 67 ou de toute autre façon.In this configuration, the front end 67 of the wagon structure is mounted directly on the when the interface cross member 72 is articulated above on an extension, an axis crossing end 67 or in any other way.

Bien entendu, conformément à l'esprit général inventif, les articulations restent superposées et coaxiales, c'est-à-dire que les axes de pivotement en position verticale sont confondus.Of course, in keeping with the general spirit inventive, the joints remain superimposed and coaxial, i.e. the pivot axes in vertical position are confused.

Par l'exposé ci-dessus, il faut comprendre que l'extrémité avant 67 de la structure wagon peut tout aussi bien être articulée au-dessus de la traverse 72 d'interface qu'en-dessous. Ainsi, une des variantes concerne la position des articulations par rapport à la traverse qui est inverse à celle représentée sur les figures.By the above statement, we must understand that the front end 67 of the wagon structure can just as well be hinged above the sleeper 72 interface only below. So, one of the variants concerns the position of the joints relative to the crosspiece which is opposite to that shown on the figures.

On décrira maintenant plus en détail la structure wagon déjà décrite de façon générale.We will now describe in more detail the wagon structure already described in general.

Elle se compose de deux pièces de flancs 96 et 97 analogues aux pièces de flancs 8 et 9 réunies entre elles au niveau de leur base par un fond surbaissé 98, de l'extrémité arrière 62 ouverte et libre assurant la liaison par les moyens de jonction 65 et 66 de la structure wagon avec un bogie aval 99 et de l'extrémité avant 67 accouplant par les moyens d'articulation en un seul endroit par la pointe 70 la structure wagon à un bogie amont 100 identique au premier.It consists of two pieces of sides 96 and 97 similar to the side pieces 8 and 9 together between them at the level of their base by a bottom low 98, rear end 62 open and free ensuring the connection by the junction means 65 and 66 of the wagon structure with a downstream bogie 99 and the front end 67 coupling by the means of articulation in only one place by the point 70 the wagon structure with an upstream bogie 100 identical to the first.

Les pièces de flanc 96 et 97 se prolongent vers l'arrière à un niveau supérieur par les deux bras parallèles 63 et 64, à la manière d'un brancard délimitant avec les bords adjacents des pièces de flanc et l'extrémité transversale du fond l'ouverture d'accès 62 pour la charge.Flank pieces 96 and 97 extend backward to a higher level by both arms parallel 63 and 64, like a stretcher delimiting with the adjacent edges flank pieces and the transverse end of the bottom the access opening 62 for the charge.

La conformation générale de l'extrémité arrière 62 visible sur les figures est telle que le plan d'ouverture 101 de celle-ci est situé largement en retrait par rapport aux extrémités des bras 63 et 64.The general conformation of the extremity rear 62 visible in the figures is such that the opening plan 101 thereof is located largely in withdrawal from the ends of arms 63 and 64.

Les pièces de flanc 96 et 97 se prolongent vers l'avant par les deux branches convergentes 68 et 69 disposées approximativement au même niveau supérieur que les bras 63 et 64 de l'extrémité arrière 62. Elles affectent une forme générale en "V" dont la pointe est dirigée vers l'avant dans une zone médiane déterminée par le plan vertical général médian de la structure wagon et un plan horizontal supérieur pouvant être celui délimité par les deux bords parallèles supérieurs des pièces de flanc 96 et 97.Flank pieces 96 and 97 extend forward by the two converging branches 68 and 69 arranged at approximately the same upper level as the arms 63 and 64 of the rear end 62. They have a general "V" shape whose tip is directed forward in a determined median zone by the general median vertical plane of the structure wagon and an upper horizontal plane which can be the one bounded by the two upper parallel edges flank pieces 96 and 97.

La pointe 70 constituant la réunion des deux branches convergentes 68 et 69 est conformée de façon à présenter une ouverture par exemple un alésage d'extrémité 102 destiné à lui permettre de venir se monter de façon dissociable ou non, mais de préférence non dissociable, sur la partie supérieure de l'articulation double 73.The point 70 constituting the union of the two converging branches 68 and 69 is shaped so as to present an opening for example a bore end 102 intended to allow it to come mount in a dissociable way or not, but preferably not dissociable, on the upper part of the double joint 73.

Les bras 63 et 64 d'extrémité arrière 62 sont terminés par des formes techniques venant s'adapter sur les structures d'extrémité de la traverse pivotante d'interface de bogie pour former les moyens de jonction 65 et 66.The rear end arms 63 and 64 62 are terminated by technical forms adapted to the end structures of the pivoting cross member bogie interface to form the joining means 65 and 66.

Il s'agit par exemple des cônes d'extrémité ou des alésages coniques 103 et 104 venant s'emboíter sur les pions de centrage que la traverse d'interface possède à chacune de ses extrémités.These are for example the end cones or tapered bores 103 and 104 which fit together on the centering pins that the interface crosspiece has at each of its ends.

Lorsque les cônes d'extrémité sont emboítés et verrouillés, la structure wagon présente une liaison mécanique rigide transversale d'extrémité constituée par la traverse d'interface de bogie.When the end cones are fitted and locked, the wagon structure has a connection rigid transverse mechanical end incorporated by the bogie interface cross member.

Il peut s'agir aussi de moyens de jonction à doigts rétractables tels que 105,106 montés chacun en rappel élastique par un ressort tel que 107,108 sur une base mécanique 109,110 comme représenté schématiquement sur la figure 34.It can also be means of connection to retractable fingers such as 105,106 each mounted in elastic return by a spring such as 107.108 on a mechanical base 109,110 as shown diagrammatically in Figure 34.

Les doigts rétractables 105,106 présents aux deux extrémités de l'interface de bogie sont disposés en alignement avec l'articulation centrale. The 105,106 retractable fingers present at the two ends of the bogie interface are arranged in alignment with the central joint.

Ils présentent une forme générale tronconique avec en partie supérieure des surfaces d'engagement en pans obliques pour permettre leur effacement progressif.They have a general frustoconical shape with upper engagement surfaces in oblique sections to allow their erasure progressive.

Ils coopèrent avec les cônes d'extrémités 103 et 104 précédés chacun, selon cette variante, d'une rampe inclinée 111 et 112 à deux pentes successives d'enfoncement à l'entrée d'une ouverture 113 et 114 pour l'effacement en retrait et la libération en montée lors des mouvements longitudinaux d'engagement et de dégagement des extrémités des bras 63 et 64.They cooperate with the end cones 103 and 104 each preceded, according to this variant, by a inclined ramp 111 and 112 on two successive slopes of penetration at the entrance of an opening 113 and 114 for backward erasure and upward release during the longitudinal movements of engagement and clearance of the ends of the arms 63 and 64.

Cette liaison d'accouplement peut être bloquée par des verrous additionnels d'extrémité (non représentés).This coupling link can be blocked by additional end locks (not represented).

Afin de permettre la dissociation autonome par levage par l'une ou l'autre extrémité ou les deux simultanément, la structure wagon comporte de façon optionnelle au voisinage de ses extrémités des moyens individuels de levage éventuellement avec roulage intégrés ou non, de préférence autonomes, par exemple une béquille 115,116 analogues aux béquilles 37 et 38 à chacune des extrémités de chaque pièce de flancs 96 et 97 (figure 35) et ceci à une seule extrémité de la structure wagon ou aux deux extrémités à la fois.In order to allow autonomous dissociation by lifting from either or both ends simultaneously, the wagon structure has so optional near its ends of the means individual lifting possibly with rolling integrated or not, preferably autonomous, for example a crutch 115,116 similar to crutches 37 and 38 to each of the ends of each flank piece 96 and 97 (figure 35) and this at one end of the wagon structure or at both ends at the same time.

Le type de béquilles visé est celui d'une béquille escamotable et extensible par exemple télescopique, manuelle ou hydraulique.The type of crutches targeted is that of a retractable and extendable stand for example telescopic, manual or hydraulic.

En vue de permettre de façon totalement autonome le débattement de la structure wagon du convoi par mouvement transversal en oblique, on équipe la base de chaque béquille 115 et 116 de moyens de roulement tels que 117 et 118 à axe directionnel ou fixe.In order to allow totally autonomous travel of the wagon structure of the convoy by transverse movement in oblique, we equip the base of each stand 115 and 116 of rolling means such as 117 and 118 with directional or fixed axis.

Dans le cas d'un axe fixe, la direction générale constante de celui-ci est radiale c'est-à-dire passant par le centre de pivotement 71.In the case of a fixed axis, the direction constant general of it is radial that is to say passing through the pivot center 71.

On peut également prévoir des moyens de roulement séparés des béquilles. Means can also be provided for bearings separated from the stands.

Afin de faciliter les opérations de chargement/déchargement, on prévoit des moyens de guidage initial au-dessus des pièces de flanc 96 et 97, au niveau des bras de l'extrémité arrière.In order to facilitate the operations of loading / unloading, means are provided for initial guidance over the side pieces 96 and 97, at the arms of the rear end.

Il s'agit par exemple de rouleaux tels que 119 et 120 à axe vertical destinés à assurer le centrage puis le guidage de la charge le long de ses flancs, par exemple le long des bordures inférieures 121,122 de caisse d'une semi-remorque 123 (figure 39).These are for example rollers such as 119 and 120 with vertical axis intended to ensure the centering then guiding the load along its flanks, for example along the lower edges 121,122 of the body of a 123 semi-trailer (Figure 39).

Dans le cas d'une semi-remorque, le centrage est amélioré par la forme particulière de coupe transversale du fond surbaissé, par exemple celle représentée sur la figure 39. Sur cette figure apparaít clairement le guidage des pneus 124 et 125 par la concavité puis la remontée des bords longitudinaux relevés 126 et 127 du fond surbaissé 98 délimitant un plan support central longitudinal 128 de largeur sensiblement égale à la largeur de voie de la semi-remorque.In the case of a semi-trailer, the centering is improved by the particular cut shape transverse of the lowered bottom, for example that shown in Figure 39. In this figure appears clearly guide the tires 124 and 125 by the concavity then the rise of the longitudinal edges statements 126 and 127 of the lowered bottom 98 delimiting a longitudinal central support plane 128 in width substantially equal to the track width of the semi-trailer.

Par ailleurs, on prévoit des moyens intégrés d'arrimage pour la charge : semi-remorque, conteneur, caisse mobile etc..., par exemple sous la forme d'appui sur les bras ou les chants supérieurs ou latéraux des pièces de flanc.In addition, integrated means are provided load securing: semi-trailer, container, swap body etc ..., for example in the form of support on the upper or lateral arms or edges of flank pieces.

La fixation s'effectue par des moyens classiques, par exemple des verrous tournants normalisés ou non.The fixing is done by means conventional, for example twistlocks standardized or not.

L'association et la dissociation des structures wagon successives avec l'interface unique de bogie s'effectuent par emboítement ou déboítement des moyens de jonction à l'arrière et éventuellement des moyens d'articulation à l'avant.The association and dissociation of successive wagon structures with the unique interface of bogie are carried out by nesting or dislocation of connecting means at the rear and possibly articulation means at the front.

Il suffit de mouvements par exemple verticaux pour engager ou monter les éléments des moyens d'articulation à l'avant ou de jonction à l'arrière les uns dans les autres ou les uns sur les autres sur la même interface de bogie. Just vertical movements for example to engage or mount the elements of the means hinge at the front or at the rear within each other or over each other on the same bogie interface.

Ainsi, les alésages coniques 103 et 104 que présentent les extrémités des bras 63 et 64 de l'extrémité arrière 62 de la structure wagon viennent s'emboíter sur les pions de centrage d'extrémité de la traverse 72 d'interface avec fermeture des verrous additionnels ou se déboíter de ceux-ci par de simples mouvements verticaux ou sans nécessiter le moindre levage dans le cas de doigts rétractables.Thus, the tapered bores 103 and 104 that have the ends of arms 63 and 64 of the rear end 62 of the wagon structure come fit onto the end centering pins of the crosspiece 72 interface with lock closure additional or get rid of them by simple vertical movements or without requiring the slightest lifting in the case of retractable fingers.

De même, l'extrémité avant de la structure wagon portant le roulement à rotule vient se monter sur le cylindre-pivot 90 ou se dégager de celui-ci dans le cas d'une variante déboítable selon laquelle l'ouverture centrale conique d'extrémité avant ou alésage peut tout aussi bien venir se monter sur la tête conique de roulement ou s'extraire de celle-ci par de simples mouvements verticaux.Likewise, the front end of the structure wagon carrying the spherical bearing is mounted on the pivot cylinder 90 or disengage from it in the case of a detachable variant according to which the conical central opening at the front end or bore can just as easily be mounted on the conical bearing head or extract from it by simple vertical movements.

On expliquera maintenant le fonctionnement général en chargement/déchargement de l'unité de transport ferroviaire qui diffère peu d'une variante à l'autre.We will now explain how it works general loading / unloading of the unit rail transport which differs little from one variant to the other.

De façon générale, plusieurs façons de procéder aux opérations de chargement/déchargement s'avèrent possibles avec l'unité de transport ferroviaire selon l'invention.Generally speaking, several ways to load / unload operations are possible with the transport unit railroad according to the invention.

On distingue les modes de chargement/déchargement suivants.We distinguish the modes of subsequent loading / unloading.

Il s'agit tout d'abord du chargement/déchargement vertical par un moyen de manutention extérieur.First of all, vertical loading / unloading by means of exterior handling.

Il s'agit ensuite du chargement/déchargement en ligne ou longitudinal, selon lequel le train d'unités de transport ferroviaire est dissocié au niveau du bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie sur lequel est montée l'extrémité ouverte de la structure porteuse sans autre mouvement que celui de solidarisation et de désolidarisation d'avec le bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie.Then it's loading / unloading in line or longitudinal, depending on which train of rail transport units is unbundled at level of the axle block (x) or bogie on which is mounted the open end of the supporting structure with no other movement than that of solidarity and detachment from the axle block (x) or bogie.

Il s'agit finalement du chargement/déchargement en oblique, dit en épi, selon lequel les extrémités avant des structures ferroviaires porteuses sont dégagées du bloc d'essieu(x) correspondant par un mouvement composé de levage puis de rotation jusqu'à une position décalée en oblique permettant la pénétration longitudinale dans la structure porteuse par son ouverture arrière d'extrémité.It is ultimately the oblique loading / unloading, called on the cob, according to which the front ends of the railway structures carriers are released from the axle block (x) corresponding by a compound lifting movement then of rotation to a position offset obliquely allowing longitudinal penetration into the supporting structure through its rear opening end.

On décrira ci-après plus en détail les différents modes de chargement/déchargement, plus particulièrement en référence aux figures de 13 à 28.The following will be described in more detail. different loading / unloading modes, plus particularly with reference to Figures 13-28.

Le mode le plus simple et le plus classique concerne la désolidarisation verticale et le transport par un engin extérieur de levage (figures 13 à 16).The simplest and most classic mode concerns vertical decoupling and transport by an external lifting device (Figures 13 to 16).

Il suffit de libérer les éventuels blocages ou verrouillages de sécurité suivant la direction verticale, de lever l'ensemble par un engin de levage dont les éléments et organes de préhension prennent appui sur des formes techniques et structures spécialement prévues à cet effet.Just release any blockages or safety interlocks depending on the direction vertical, to lift the assembly by a lifting machine whose gripping elements and bodies take support on technical forms and structures specially provided for this purpose.

Ce levage d'ensemble permet d'extraire dans son ensemble et avec son chargement l'unité de transport ferroviaire du convoi, de la déposer ailleurs en attente, ou de l'insérer avec son chargement dans un autre convoi ferroviaire.This overall lifting allows to extract in its whole and with its loading the unit of rail transport of the convoy, drop it off somewhere else pending, or insert it with its load in a another rail convoy.

Les figures de 13 à 16 montrent la structure chargée par une semi-remorque dissociée du convoi par levage à l'aide d'une grue ou d'un portique.Figures 13 to 16 show the structure loaded by a semi-trailer separated from the convoy by lifting using a crane or gantry.

Ceci permet de changer aisément un chargement de destination, remplaçant avantageusement le triage.This allows you to easily change a load destination, advantageously replacing sorting.

Le deuxième mode concerne le chargement/déchargement en ligne ou longitudinal (figures 17 à 22). Les mouvements sont matérialisés par des flèches.The second mode concerns loading / unloading in line or longitudinal (Figures 17 to 22). The movements are indicated by arrows.

Ce mode de chargement/déchargement requiert une aire de chargement dite à rails intégrés dans le sol.This loading / unloading mode requires a loading area called rails integrated in the ground.

Conformément à ce mode, l'unité de transport ferroviaire est solidarisée ou désolidarisée par un mouvement vertical de levage ou de translation ou les deux combinés de son extrémité transversale ouverte, mouvement de solidarisation-désolidarisation apporté par le moyen intégré de levage, par exemple les béquilles extensibles de soutien et/ou par des moyens extérieurs. La désolidarisation permet de libérer le bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie sur l'interface duquel étaient montées les extrémités des pièces de flanc. L'unité routière est chargée ou déchargée, soit directement le long des structures linéaires porteuses de déplacement intégrées au Wagon, soit indirectement, par l'intermédiaire d'une ou de plusieurs structure(s) transversale(s) porteuse(s) mobile(s) le long de la structure wagon sur laquelle ou sur lesquelles repose le train roulant de l'unité routière.In accordance with this mode, the transport unit rail is joined or separated by a vertical lifting or traveling movement or two handsets from its open cross end, solidarity-decoupling movement brought by the integrated lifting means, for example the extendable crutches for support and / or by means exteriors. The separation makes it possible to free the axle block (s) or bogie on whose interface the ends of the flank pieces were fitted. The road unit is loaded or unloaded, either directly along the load-bearing linear structures of displacement integrated into the Wagon, either indirectly, through one or more structure (s) transverse carrier (s) mobile (s) along the wagon structure on which or on which rests the undercarriage of the road unit.

Cette unité routière est attelée ou solidarisée ou inversement à un ensemble moteur 44, en vue de son amenée ou de son évacuation en ligne sur le quai, suivant la direction générale du convoi ferroviaire.This road unit is coupled or secured or vice versa to a motor assembly 44, in view of its supply or evacuation in line on the quay, following the general direction of the convoy rail.

Une extrémité arrière présentant une ouverture profonde et reculée permet à l'ensemble moteur 44 de rester au sol lors des manoeuvres d'amenée ou de reprise de la semi-remorque.A rear end having a deep and remote opening allows the whole engine 44 to stay on the ground during supply maneuvers or recovery of the semi-trailer.

On examinera maintenant les opérations de chargement/déchargement en oblique dit en épi, permettant d'effectuer toutes ces opérations sans aucunement modifier le convoi ferroviaire, c'est-à-dire indépendamment des autres unités ferroviaires pouvant le constituer (figures 23 à 28). Les mouvements sont matérialisés par des flèches.We will now examine the operations of oblique loading / unloading said on the cob, allowing to carry out all these operations without in no way modify the rail convoy, i.e. independently of other railway units which may build it up (Figures 23 to 28). The movements are materialized by arrows.

Le chargement/déchargement s'effectue en amenant l'extrémité avant en oblique après désolidarisation d'avec le bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie avant par tous moyens, par exemple par les béquilles, puis décalage en oblique par roulement sur le quai de chargement, opération au cours de laquelle la structure porteuse pivote dans son ensemble autour de son extrémité arrière en prenant appui de pivotement sur le bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie arrière. On abaisse la structure wagon jusqu'à contact de l'extrémité de chargement avec le sol. Le train de roulage de l'unité routière à charger est porté par les structures linéaires porteuses intérieures 23 et 24 ou monté sur les structures transversales porteuses, berceaux ou chariots. Le déplacement le long des pièces de flanc 8 et 9 ou 96 et 97, vers ou depuis sa position de transport, est assuré par des moyens moteurs intégrés ou de préférence par le véhicule routier moteur.Loading / unloading takes place in bringing the front end oblique after detachment from the axle block (s) or bogie before by any means, for example by crutches, then offset obliquely by rolling on the quay loading, operation during which the structure carrier as a whole pivots around its rear end by pivoting support on the axle block (s) or rear bogie. We lower the wagon structure until contact with the end of loading with soil. The running gear of the unit road to be loaded is carried by the structures linear internal carriers 23 and 24 or mounted on transverse load-bearing structures, cradles or carts. Moving along the flank pieces 8 and 9 or 96 and 97, to or from its position of transport, is provided by integrated motor means or preferably by the road motor vehicle.

La structure porteuse est ensuite déplacée latéralement vers le bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie par un mouvement pivotant d'ensemble de la même façon que précédemment, mais en ordre inverse.The supporting structure is then moved laterally towards the axle block (x) or bogie by a overall pivoting movement in the same way as previously, but in reverse order.

Les moyens de levage, par exemple intégrés sous forme de béquilles, soulèvent les extrémités avant des pièces de flanc, et viennent les placer en regard des moyens de solidarisation-verrouillage prévus sur l'interface du bloc d'essieu(x) ou bogie.Lifting means, for example integrated in the form of crutches, raise the front ends flank pieces, and come to place them opposite securing-locking means provided on the interface of the axle block (x) or bogie.

Après accouplement et verrouillage, la structure porteuse est prête dans le convoi avec son nouveau chargement en vue de son transport ferroviaire.After coupling and locking, the supporting structure is ready in the convoy with its re-loading for rail transport.

Toutes les opérations de déchargement s'effectuent en ordre inverse des opérations de chargement.All unloading operations are carried out in reverse order of the operations of loading.

Des moyens de levage de l'extrémité arrière intégrés à la structure wagon ou extérieurs permettront, après ouverture des verrous additionnels, de désolidariser les moyens de jonction et d'obtenir la dissociation de la structure wagon de l'interface de bogie. Un mouvement de rotation autour de l'extrémité avant assurera le dégagement de l'extrémité arrière par un décalage en oblique.Means for lifting the rear end integrated into the wagon or exterior structure will allow, after opening additional locks, to separate the joining means and obtain the dissociation of the wagon structure from the interface of bogie. A rotational movement around the end front will ensure the clearance of the rear end by an oblique offset.

Des moyens de levage des deux extrémités permettront la dépose de la structure wagon par décalage transversal ou longitudinal.Lifting means at both ends allow the removal of the wagon structure by transverse or longitudinal shift.

Les trois modes de chargement/déchargement suivants pourront être pratiqués sans aucune difficulté pour la variante à plots de centrage :

  • mode en oblique dit "en épi" par déverrouillage puis désaccouplement de l'extrémité arrière et pivotement en oblique autour de l'extrémité avant ;
  • mode vertical par déverrouillage puis mouvements verticaux de désaccouplement simultané des deux extrémités à l'aide d'un engin de levage extérieur ou intégré et dépose par levage d'ensemble ;
  • mode horizontal par déverrouillage puis désaccouplement de l'une ou l'autre des deux extrémités avant et arrière, et l'une ou l'autre des phases de décalage suivantes :
    • décalage latéral par les deux extrémités et avec des moyens extérieurs,
    • décalage longitudinal par dissociation de l'extrémité arrière et avec l'aide de moyens intégrés.
The following three modes of loading / unloading can be practiced without any difficulty for the variant with centering studs:
  • oblique mode called "spike" by unlocking then uncoupling of the rear end and pivoting obliquely around the front end;
  • vertical mode by unlocking then vertical movements of simultaneous uncoupling of the two ends using an external or integrated lifting device and removal by overall lifting;
  • horizontal mode by unlocking then uncoupling one or other of the two front and rear ends, and one or other of the following shift phases:
    • lateral offset by the two ends and with external means,
    • longitudinal shift by dissociation of the rear end and with the help of integrated means.

Bien que la dernière variante décrite soit plus particulièrement orientée vers le chargement/déchargement en ligne ou en oblique, on peut envisager dans le cas d'une désolidarisation verticale possible de l'extrémité avant un chargement/déchargement en mode vertical.Although the last variant described is more particularly oriented towards loading / unloading online or oblique, we can consider in the case of a possible vertical separation from the end before loading / unloading in mode vertical.

Les moyens décrits ci-dessus offriront la possibilité de choisir et de réaliser le mode de chargement/déchargement le mieux adapté à la charge (conteneur, unité routière ou autre) et à la configuration de l'aire de manutention de la gare, du train et des contraintes et particularités de l'opération de triage.The means described above will provide the possibility to choose and carry out the loading / unloading best suited to the load (container, road unit or other) and at the configuration of the station handling area, train and constraints and peculiarities of the sorting operation.

Claims (40)

  1. Railway transport unit, connecting two axle blocks or two bogie(s) comprising a wagon structure open at one of its ends, formed of two side pieces and a low bottom, the side pieces terminating at one of their ends in the manner of a stretcher and delimiting with the bottom a set back access opening for the load or a road haulage type loading, especially a complete or partial road haulage unit, characterized in that the wagon structure is mounted on each of the axle blocks or bogie(s) by way of a composite interface transmitting the traction forces and the shocks, by means of the end of the side pieces being coupled to the bogie composite interface, and in that the said load-bearing structure is mounted separably from the composite interface of at least one axle block or of a corresponding bogie by at least its end including the access opening in order to completely disengage the passage for the load or the road haulage loading for its access onto or into the load-bearing structure through the access opening and its exit therefrom, and in that it can be deposited straight onto the ground by at least the access end for direct access of the load from the ground.
  2. Transport unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the composite interface is formed integral with the axle block or bogie(s).
  3. Transport unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two side pieces terminating on one side in two separate ends terminate on the opposite side in two merging ends.
  4. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each composite interface comprises at least one running pivoting means, means for coupling/locking to the ends of the wagon structure, means for transmission of the traction force and shock-absorbing means.
  5. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for transmission of the traction force is the mechanical structure of the interface.
  6. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one interface includes buffers and a tow-hook.
  7. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has, facing along each inner face of each side piece, displacement/support means used for supporting, positioning or discharging the road haulage loading.
  8. Transport unit according to Claim 7, characterized in that the road haulage displacement means are paths for the rolling, sliding or guiding of the wheels, or running elements additional to the wheels, or load-bearing transverse structures for the wheels, or sets of wheels of the road haulage unit to be transported, transverse structures movable longitudinally along the side pieces.
  9. Transport unit according to Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the loading support plane formed by the displacement/support means is lowered.
  10. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the composite interfaces comprises a double pivot linkage formed of a running linkage and a loading/unloading linkage.
  11. Transport unit according to Claims 1 and 10, characterized in that the double pivot linkage is common to two successive wagon structures on the same axle block or bogie.
  12. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end of the wagon structure connected to the composite interface having the double pivot linkage is separable from the said composite interface.
  13. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wagon structure has, at its opposite end from the open end, means for pivoting with respect to the interface making it possible to pivot it as a whole for the purpose of the loading/unloading operations.
  14. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wagon structure has means allowing it to be grasped vertically.
  15. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wagon structure has, on each of its side pieces, means for supporting at least one movable case or a container or a road haulage body.
  16. Transport unit according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wagon structure is separable from the composite interface of the axle block or bogie(s) adjacent to the open rear end by pivoting or by raising then pivoting of its corresponding end for the purpose of the lateral pulling out relative to oblique loading/unloading.
  17. Transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wagon structure includes, in the vicinity of its open rear end, integrated lifting means and/or means for running on the ground for its overall pivoting movement for the purpose of the lateral pulling out during oblique loading/unloading.
  18. Transport unit according to Claim 1 or 11, characterized in that the bottom is used as a ramp for access from the ground.
  19. Transport unit including a connecting wagon structure resting on two axle blocks or bogie(s) for the loading/unloading and the transport by rail of a load or of a partial or complete road haulage unit, characterized in that the two longitudinal side pieces are extended in their upper part on the one hand at the rear of the wagon structure by two limbs joined to each other at the end by a support/pivot joint on an axle block or bogie load-bearing structure, and on the other hand at the front by two parallel arms, the ends of which are separate and bear separably on the ends of an axle block or bogie load-bearing transverse support, and in that the said side pieces are joined in their lower part by a load-bearing transverse structure carrying the running gear of a road haulage assembly, in that vertical lifting means mounted on transverse running means equip at least the front end for the purpose of lowering the access opening to the ground then lifting it up again, and in that the side pieces include along each of their opposed faces supports for supporting a road haulage transport container or a road haulage body.
  20. Transport unit according to Claim 19, characterized in that the two parallel side pieces extended longitudinally by the parallel arms delimit downwardly an open bottom, and at the end a completely open front end extended longitudinally by a front extension formed by the two parallel arms and a rear end extended longitudinally by a rear support/pivot extension, each extension being mounted so as to be detachable from a pivoting load-bearing support possessed by each axle block or bogie(s).
  21. Transport unit according to Claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the lifting means are extensible props each equipping the base of the front end of each of the side pieces.
  22. Transport unit according to Claim 21, characterized in that the props are coupled in pairs by a detachable access ramp.
  23. Transport unit according to Claim 18 or 20, characterized in that the running means are rollers equipping each of the lower bases of the front ends of the side pieces.
  24. Transport unit according to Claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the pivoting axle block or bogie(s) load-bearing cross member carries the linkage pivot for the rear extension.
  25. Transport unit according to Claim 24, characterized in that the pivoting cross member is a single pivoting part common to two successive structures.
  26. Transport unit according to Claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the pivoting of the axle block or bogie(s) support with respect to the axle block or bogie(s) is independent of the pivoting of the wagon structure with respect to the axle block or bogie(s).
  27. Transport unit according to Claim 24, characterized in that the pivoting cross member mounted on each axle block or bogie(s) is a stud and bolt assembly.
  28. Transport unit according to Claim 23 or 25, characterized in that the pivoting cross member of the axle block or of the bogie is symmetrical on either side of a central pivot point.
  29. Transport unit according to Claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the pivoting support of each axle block or bogie(s) is a pivoting cross member mounted on the step bearing of the axle block or bogie(s).
  30. Transport unit according to Claim 29, characterized in that the interface pivoting cross member and the point of the front end of a wagon structure are connected to the step bearing of the bogie by a common articulated pivot assembly and in that the point of the V-shaped front end of the wagon structure is separable from the common articulated assembly by vertical movements, and the opposed end of the following wagon structure is separable from the ends of the pivoting cross member by vertical and/or horizontal movements.
  31. Method for loading/unloading and constituting a section of a railway train by means of the railway transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims for the purpose of the transport by rail of loads, partial or complete road haulage units, or of road trains which are themselves loaded, according to which the load-bearing structure is separated by one of its ends and it is pivoted by this end in order to move it away transversely from the alignment of the railway train, characterized in that the railway transport unit according to any one of the preceding claims is used, mounted, that it is separated by one or other of its ends from one or other of the two axle blocks or bogie(s), that this load-bearing structure is lowered by the said end used for effecting the pivoting until in contact with the ground, while the other end remains attached to the opposed axle block or bogie(s) after having pivoted on the latter, that the vehicle is brought into the inner space between the side pieces through the access opening, that the road haulage unit is mounted by means of its running gear on the linear load-bearing displacement structures or on the load-bearing transverse structures, in that the lorry connected to the road haulage unit leaves the unit carried and/or hauled, removable body, semi-trailer or other, in that the railway unit is reconstituted by lifting or raising up again the free end, then, that by pivoting it, it is brought close to the axle block or bogie(s) in order to replace it on, and then connect it to, the interface of the axle block or bogie(s).
  32. Method for loading/unloading and constituting a railway train according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the wheels of the road haulage unit to be transported are introduced into load-bearing transverse structures movable by pushing or pulling, along linear load-bearing displacement structures into the transport position.
  33. Method for loading/unloading and constituting a railway unit by means of the transport unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 30, for the purpose of the transport by rail of vehicles or of road trains which are themselves loaded, characterized in that the railway structure is used, separably mounted, in that the railway structure is lifted or raised or translated by its open end until it is separated from the axle block or bogie(s), in that the wagon structure is lowered to the ground, in that the road haulage unit is displaced in order to allow it to be brought through the open end and placed with its running gear on the load-bearing transverse structures for its final positioning on the load-bearing structure, in that the lorry leaves the unit carried and/or hauled, removable body, semi-trailer or other, in that the railway unit is reconstituted by lifting up or raising again or translating the free end in the opposite direction, then that it is replaced on, and connected to, the axle block or bogie (s).
  34. Method for loading/unloading and constituting a railway transport unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the wagon structure is lifted as a whole, is simultaneously separated from both of the axle blocks or bogie(s), is displaced laterally as a whole in order to be placed on the ground or on a loading quay by a lifting device, then is loaded or unloaded and replaced in reverse order of the operations.
  35. Method for loading/unloading according to Claim 34, characterized in that the wagon structure is lifted as a whole, is simultaneously separated from both of the axle blocks or bogie(s), and is displaced as a whole in order to be inserted into another railway train.
  36. Method for loading/unloading and constituting a railway transport unit by means of the transport unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 35, characterized in that the load-bearing structure is connected on a composite interface of an axle block or bogie(s) common to two successive load-bearing structures, allowing them to be respectively coupled/uncoupled independently.
  37. Method for loading/unloading according to Claims 34 to 36, characterized in that the interface of the same axle block or bogie(s) is fitted to a single load-bearing structure and carries buffers.
  38. Method for loading/unloading according to any one of Claims 34 to 47, characterized in that the road haulage load is supported by the wagon structure and moves along the latter on linear structures in the form of running or sliding paths integral with the load-bearing structure.
  39. Method for loading/unloading according to Claim 38, characterized in that the road haulage load is supported by the wagon structure and moves along the latter on detachable load-bearing transverse structures along the wagon structure.
  40. Application of the method for loading/unloading and constituting a railway transport unit according to any one of Claims 1 to 39, for the purpose of the transport by rail of vehicles and of road trains which are themselves loaded.
EP92440097A 1991-08-21 1992-08-21 Separable freight train unit, particularly for the transport of road vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0528741B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9110590A FR2680492B1 (en) 1991-08-21 1991-08-21 RAIL TRANSPORT UNIT CARRYING A ROAD LOAD.
FR9110590 1991-08-21
FR9202764 1992-03-04
FR9202764A FR2688179B1 (en) 1992-03-04 1992-03-04 DEPOSITABLE WAGON STRUCTURE ARTICULATED TO A COMMON BOGIE INTERFACE WITH TWO ADJACENT STRUCTURES.
FR9202763A FR2688180B1 (en) 1992-03-04 1992-03-04 UNIQUE PIVOTING INTERFACE BETWEEN A COMMON BOGIE AND TWO ADJACENT WAGON STRUCTURES.
FR9202763 1992-03-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0528741A1 EP0528741A1 (en) 1993-02-24
EP0528741B1 true EP0528741B1 (en) 1998-07-08

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EP (1) EP0528741B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE168083T1 (en)
AU (1) AU670756B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2116006A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69226138T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1993003945A1 (en)

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AU670756B2 (en) 1996-08-01
DE69226138D1 (en) 1998-08-13
CA2116006A1 (en) 1993-03-04
DE69226138T2 (en) 1999-02-18
ATE168083T1 (en) 1998-07-15
EP0528741A1 (en) 1993-02-24
US6095055A (en) 2000-08-01
AU2504392A (en) 1993-03-16
WO1993003945A1 (en) 1993-03-04

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