EP3281720B1 - Matrice de forgeage à chaud et procédé de forgeage à chaud - Google Patents

Matrice de forgeage à chaud et procédé de forgeage à chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3281720B1
EP3281720B1 EP16776475.2A EP16776475A EP3281720B1 EP 3281720 B1 EP3281720 B1 EP 3281720B1 EP 16776475 A EP16776475 A EP 16776475A EP 3281720 B1 EP3281720 B1 EP 3281720B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forging
hot
hot forging
die
forging material
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EP16776475.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3281720A1 (fr
EP3281720A4 (fr
Inventor
Hisashi MITSUNAGA
Tsuyoshi Fukui
Toshiya Teramae
Toshiaki Nonomura
Hideki Matsumoto
Eiji SHIMOHIRA
Satoshi KOHIKI
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Proterial Ltd
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Hitachi Metals Ltd
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Publication of EP3281720A4 publication Critical patent/EP3281720A4/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K3/00—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
    • B21K3/04—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hot forging die and a hot forging method.
  • a hot forging material having a round rod shape is swaged to a desired diameter, and a preform having a desired round rod shape in which the volume of a portion for forming a root portion or a wing portion of a turbine blade is secured is formed by closed die forging such that a turbine blade material having a near net shape is obtained.
  • Fig. 2 of JP-A-63-238942 shows a preform having a shape in which a portion for forming a root portion is thick (the volume is high) and is gradually tapered toward a tip of a wing portion.
  • a specific manufacturing method of the preform includes: radially forging a hot forging material having a round rod shape to obtain a long round bar material having a desired diameter; cutting the long round bar material in a predetermined dimension; and forging the cut round bar material into a desired preform shape using a separate open die forging machine.
  • a portion for forming a root portion or a wing portion, or a protrusion called a boss portion may be provided in a wing portion of the turbine blade.
  • a preform does not become sufficiently thicker in a die face during closed die forging. Therefore, there is a problem in that a part of a turbine blade material having a near net shape is deficient after closed die forging.
  • a material of a turbine blade is an expensive alloy such as a Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy or a Ti alloy. Therefore, in a case where a problem, such as deficiency of a part of a turbine blade material having a near net shape after closed die forging, occurs, the damage is significant.
  • a processing groove may be sequentially formed by necking in a material having a round rod shape using a special jig in a press machine.
  • JP 3 208818 B2 shows a hot forging die and method for hot-forging a rod shaped forging material by radial forging.
  • the pressing portion is formed smooth and is not suitable for forming a desired groove in a difficult-to-work material.
  • a groove formed by necking has a small width and is vertically deep.
  • an overlap defect occurs during hot forging in which the forging material is swaged to the length of a turbine blade.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hot forging die and a hot forging method, in which even a difficult-to-work material used for a turbine blade can be easily swaged using a radial forging machine.
  • the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances.
  • a hot forging die for hot-forging a rod shaped forging material by radial forging, according to claim 1.
  • the width of the halved pressing portion gradually increases in a direction from the rough processing portion to the finishing portion.
  • the width of the finishing portion is wider than the width of the rough processing portion by 10 mm or more.
  • finishing portion may include a concave portion that divides a pressing surface of the finishing portion into two or more areas.
  • the hot forging die is used for swaging the forging material.
  • a hot forging method for hot-forging a rod shaped forging material by radial forging according to claim 6.
  • the rod shaped forging material is formed of a Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy or a Ti alloy.
  • the hot forging method according to the present invention is suitable for manufacturing a preform for a turbine blade.
  • the greatest feature of the present invention is a hot forging die having a novel shape and a hot forging method using the hot forging die which are applicable to formation of a preform for a large turbine blade using a radial forging machine.
  • a hot forging die used in the present invention will be described.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view showing a hot forging die 1 according to the present invention, a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view D-D) showing a finishing portion of the hot forging die 1, a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view F-F) showing a rough processing portion of the hot forging die 1, and a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view E-E) showing a space between the finishing portion and the rough processing portion.
  • a radial forging machine that presses a forging material in two directions opposite to each other is used.
  • the width of a smooth surface of a pressing portion gradually increases from a width W1 of a position shown in the cross-sectional view F-F to a width W2 of a position shown in the cross-sectional view E-E.
  • a width W3 of the smooth surface of the pressing portion in a region from the width W2 of the position shown in the cross-sectional view E-E to a position (bottom) shown in the cross-sectional view D-D is substantially the same.
  • the finishing portion described in the present invention refers to a portion having the same width which includes the position (bottom) shown in the cross-sectional view D-D.
  • a portion that presses the forging material may have a smooth surface which is formed to be concave as shown in Fig. 1 , and a concave portion may be provided in a part of the portion that presses the forging material as described below.
  • Two hot forging dies 1 shown in Fig. 1 are set as a pair.
  • the two hot forging dies are facing each other such that a forging material 21 is interposed therebetween, and the pair of two hot forging dies 1 cooperate together for swaging.
  • the portion that swages the forging material includes halved pressing portions 2 between which the forging material (not shown in Fig. 1 ) is interposed.
  • the forging material is interposed between the halved pressing portions and pressed.
  • the forging material is held and intermittently rotated by a holding mechanism included in a radial forging machine.
  • each of the halved pressing portions 2 includes a plurality of continuous surfaces (a pressing surface as a working surface, and inclined side surfaces that are provided on opposite sides of the pressing surface), and that form a continuous convex shape so as to surround the forging material. Since the pressing portions has halved shape, the forging material can be interposed between the pressing portions of the two hot forging dies that cooperate together.
  • the shape which is continuous so as to surround the forging material refers to a shape in which the periphery of the forging material 21 is surrounded by the rough processing portions and the finishing portions as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the halved pressing portion 2 is formed such that a smooth surface has a concave shape, and the pressing portion has an arc shape when seen from the side (in the schematic side view of Fig. 1 ).
  • the halved pressing portion 2 includes a finishing portion 4 and rough processing portions 3.
  • the finishing portion 4 is formed around the concave (arc-shaped) bottom, and the rough processing portions 3 are formed on each of both sides (opposite end sides of the concave (arc-shaped) portion) of the finishing portion.
  • the distance between the rough processing portions increases in a direction from the bottom of the finishing portion 4 to the end portions of the opposite rough processing portions 3.
  • the convex rough processing portions formed in the hot forging die comes into contact with the forging material first such that the forging material can be sequentially formed in a predetermined dimension. Therefore, "the convex shape" described in the present invention refers to a shape when seen from the direction of the respective cross-sectional views. That is, the cross-section refers to a cross-section seen from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the forging material.
  • the pressing portion (working surface) that is formed to be convex and swages the forging material has a structure in which a smooth surface which is formed to be a concave shape. Therefore, in the present invention, the above-described pressing portion (working surface) will also be referred to as "smooth pressing portion".
  • each of the halved pressing portions 2 includes: rough processing portions 3; and a smooth finishing portion 4 in which a width of the pressing portion (width in the longitudinal direction of the forging material) is wider than that of the rough processing portion 3.
  • the reason for this is as follows. In the initial stage of swaging, the contact area is reduced for effective necking such that even a difficult-to-work forging material can be efficiently swaged when the forging of the forging material starts from the rough processing portions. Along with the progress of swaging, the forging material is sequentially pressed toward the finishing portion having a wide width of the pressing portion such that the shape of the forging material is adjusted to a final shape.
  • the pressing portion disclosed in the above-described PTLs 1 and 2 is formed to have the same width. However, it is advantageous to change the contact area particularly when a difficult-to-work material is swaged.
  • the forging material can be efficiently swaged by the rough processing portion 3 having a small contact area with the forging material.
  • the forging material can be efficiently formed in a final shape by the finishing portion 4 having a wider width of the pressing portion than the rough processing portion 3. Therefore, it is preferable that the width of the pressing portion gradually increases from the width of the pressing portion of the rough processing portion 3 to the width of the pressing portion (finishing surface) of the finishing portion 4 having a wider width than the rough processing portion.
  • the actual pressing portion may be repaired, for example, by build-up welding, and then the shape may be manually machined. Therefore, the shape of the actual pressing portion is not necessarily a smooth shape having substantially no irregularity. Therefore, "the smooth shape" described in the present invention only has to be a smooth shape having no significantly irregularity which has a margin of error generated by build-up welding or machining. The shape may be determined from an approximate shape.
  • the hot forging die according to the present invention includes the halved pressing portions. Therefore, the working surface is curved so as to surround the forging material.
  • the width of the pressing portion of the finishing portion 4 according to the present invention (the width in the longitudinal direction of the forging material) is wider than the width of the pressing portion of the rough processing portion 3 by 10 mm or more.
  • the reason for this is as follows. By increasing a difference between the contact areas to increase the amount of processing in the initial stage of swaging, the forging material can be accurately finished into a predetermined shape in the final stage of swaging. In a case where a difference in width between the finishing portion and the rough processing portion is less than 10 mm, the effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, the difference is adjusted to be 10 mm or more. The difference is preferably 15 mm or more.
  • an inclination ⁇ of a flank formed in a continuous portion leading to the finishing portion 4 is preferably 15° to 35°.
  • the flank is a surface which is formed on a side where the forging material is supplied.
  • the flank is transferred to the forging material at a hot forging and the transferred portion (A portion in Fig. 6 ) is forged at the forging.
  • the flanks are formed on both sides of the finishing portion.
  • the forging material can be swaged while reciprocating the forging material.
  • the flank may be formed only one side where the forging material is supplied as shown in Fig. 6 .
  • the hot forging die 11 used for necking includes a necking portion 7 that forms a processing groove.
  • a pressing portion for necking provided in the necking portion 7 is formed such that includes a gradual change portion having an arc-shaped cross-section of the pressing portion in which the curvature radius of the arc-shaped cross-section of the pressing portion gradually increases from the rough processing portion (cross-sections C-C and G-G) to the finishing portion (cross-sections A-A, B-B, E-E, and F-F) as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 .
  • the necking portion 7 for necking includes a pair of halved pressing portions 12 between which the forging material is interposed, in which each of the halved pressing portions 12 has a convex portion having a substantially semicircular cross-section, the convex portion being continuous so as to surround the forging material, and each of the halved pressing portions 12 includes a rough processing portion 13 having a substantially semicircular cross-section and a finishing portion 14.
  • each of the halved pressing portions includes the rough processing portion and the convex finishing portion having a convex portion having a larger curvature radius than the rough processing portion.
  • the curvature radius of the cross-section of the halved pressing portion from a position shown in the B-B cross-section to a position shown in the A-A cross-section and the curvature radius of the cross-section of the halved pressing portion from a position shown in the F-F cross-section to a position shown in the E-E cross-section is identical.
  • the basic configuration is the same as that of the hot forging die suitable for swaging.
  • two hot forging dies 11 for necking are set as a pair.
  • the forging material is held and rotated by a holding mechanism included in a radial forging machine such that the pair of hot forging dies 11 for necking cooperate together to form a predetermined groove in the forging material (not shown).
  • a plurality of pressing portions 12 for necking may be formed in the longitudinal direction of the forging material.
  • the reason for this is as follows.
  • an alloy material used for a turbine blade is a difficult-to-work material. Therefore, it is preferable that forging is finished within the shortest possible time in a temperature range where hot forging is possible.
  • the simultaneous formation of a plurality of grooves by necking is effective in a portion for forming a boss portion which is provided in a wing portion of a turbine blade.
  • the simultaneous formation of a plurality of grooves by necking can be realized by using a radial forging machine in combination with the hot forging die according to the present invention in which the contact area of the pressing portion gradually increases from a small area to a large area.
  • the finishing portion is a portion (ranging from a position shown in the cross-sectional view F-F to a position shown in the cross-sectional view E-E and ranging from a position shown in the cross-sectional view B-B to a position shown in the cross-sectional view A-A) having an identical curvature radius which includes a position (bottom) shown in the cross-sectional view E-E and the cross-sectional view A-A.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a radial forging machine.
  • the hot forging die 11 shown in Fig. 2 or 3 is attached to the radial forging machine.
  • Each of the hot forging dies 11 are provided on each of opposite surfaces to the forging material such that the forging material 21 is interposed between the hot forging dies 11.
  • the forging material 21 is held in the radial forging machine.
  • the forging material is heated to a predetermined hot forging temperature in a heating furnace (not shown) and is attached to the radial forging machine.
  • the heating temperature varies depending on the material of the forging material. For example, in a case where the material of the forging material is a Ni-based heat-resistant superalloy, the heating temperature is 950°C to 1150°C. In a case where the material of the forging material is a Ti alloy, the heating temperature is 800°C to 1000°C. In addition, in a case where the material of the forging material is a precipitation hardening stainless steel, the heating temperature is 900°C to 1200°C.
  • the shape of the forging material is a rod shape. The rod shaped forging material only has to be adjusted to a predetermined shape using a forging machine or a press machine. In a case where the forging material has a round rod shape, it is preferable that the diameter of the forging material is the same as the distance of the rough processing portions of the hot forging die 11 for necking.
  • the forging material having a predetermined round rod shape is attached to the radial forging machine.
  • the forging material is necked by rotating the heated forging material 21 and concurrently pressing the forging material using each of the halved pressing portions of the pair of two hot forging dies 11 which are facing each other.
  • the shape of the hot forging die for necking is as shown in Fig. 2 or 3 .
  • hot forging starts from the rough processing portions 13 of the hot forging die 11.
  • the hot forging die according to the present invention has a shape in which the distance between the rough processing portions increases in a direction from the finishing portion 14 to the rough processing portions 13 and in which, when the two hot forging dies press the forging material, the forging material can be pressed in a continuous substantially semicircular convex shape.
  • the forging material rotates at the same position (does not move in the longitudinal direction of the forging material).
  • Examples of a necking method include two methods. As a first method, a method in which the shape after completion of necking is emphasized will be described first.
  • predetermined positions of the forging material start to be pressed by the rough processing portions 13 first.
  • Contact (forging) positions between the forging material 21 and the hot forging die during rough processing are indicated by arrows.
  • the forging material is hot-forged in the two directions opposite to each other and, in the initial stage of forging, starts to be pressed by the rough processing portions formed in the two hot forging dies that cooperate together to forge the forging material.
  • the number of positions where the forging material is pressed at the start of forging is four.
  • the contact area is small, and thus a groove can be efficiently formed.
  • the shape of the forging material is adjusted to a predetermined shape in the finishing portions that are formed in the pair of hot forging dies.
  • the number of positions where the forging material 21 is pressed during hot forging in the bottoms of the finishing portions is two. That is, in the initial stage of necking, the four positions are forged (necked) using the pair of hot forging dies. During the adjustment of a final shape, the two positions are forged using the pair of hot forging dies.
  • the shape of the forging material can be adjusted.
  • the forging material can be efficiently formed in a final shape in the convex finishing portions 14 having a larger curvature radius than the rough processing portions.
  • the final shape of the forging material can be adjusted to the bottom shape of the finishing portion indicated by an arrow. Therefore, this method is suitable in a case where the final finished shape is emphasized.
  • a second method is a method which is applicable to a case where the processing time is short.
  • predetermined positions of the forging material start to be pressed by the rough processing portions 13 first.
  • Contact (forging) positions between the forging material 21 and the hot forging die during rough processing are indicated by arrows.
  • the forging material is hot-forged in the two directions opposite to each other and, in the initial stage of forging, starts to be pressed by the rough processing portions formed in the two hot forging dies that cooperate together to forge the forging material.
  • the number of positions where the forging material is pressed at the start of forging is four.
  • the contact area is small, and thus a groove can be efficiently formed.
  • the curvature radius is substantially the same. Therefore, finishing is not performed in the bottoms of the finishing portions and can be finished in a state where the number of positions where the hot forging material is pressed during finishing is four as shown in Fig. 8(B) . Even in this case, the forging material can be efficiently formed in a final shape in the convex finishing portion 14 having a larger curvature radius than the rough processing portion. In addition, since the number of positions where the hot forging material is pressed is four, necking can be finished within a short period of time. Thus, this method is suitable in a case where it is desired that the forging time is short.
  • the curvature radius (the curvature radius when seen from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the forging material shown in Fig. 8 ) of the bottom (position shown in the cross-sectional view A-A) of the finishing portion to be less than the curvature radius of the diameter after necking.
  • the bottom of the finishing portion is curved in order to avoid excessive stress concentration during hot forging.
  • the hot forging die 11 is replaced with the hot forging die 1 including a pressing portion for swaging.
  • the forging material is reheated to a predetermined forging temperature.
  • the replaced hot forging die 1 includes a swaging portion 5 including the pressing portion for swaging that swages the forging material.
  • the pressing portion for swaging has a shape shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the shape of the pressing portion is the same as that of the hot forging die 11 for necking shown in Fig. 7(A) . Therefore, in a case where hot forging starts from two directions opposite to each other, predetermined positions of the forging material start to be pressed by the rough processing portions 3 first. As a result, the forging material is hot-forged in the two directions opposite to each other and, in the initial stage of swaging (forging), starts to be pressed by the rough processing portions formed in the two (the pair of) hot forging dies that cooperate together to forge the forging material.
  • the number of positions where the forging material is pressed at the start of forging is four.
  • the contact area is small, and thus the forging material can be efficiently swaged.
  • the forging material is sequentially moved in the longitudinal direction of the forging material while being intermittently rotated by the radial forging machine, and then is sequentially hot-forged toward the finishing portions.
  • the shape of the forging material is adjusted to a predetermined shape in the finishing portions that are formed in the pair of hot forging dies. That is, in the final stage of finishing, as shown in Fig. 7(B) , the number of positions where the forging material is pressed during hot forging in the finishing portions 14 is two.
  • the method of adjusting the final shape to the bottom shape of the finishing portion is suitable in a case where the final finished shape is emphasized.
  • the number of positions where the hot forging material is pressed from the initial stage to the final stage of hot forging is adjusted to four as shown in Fig. 8 .
  • the forging material can be swaged within a short period of time.
  • the hot forging die including the pressing portion for swaging can be made to have a shape shown in Fig. 9 .
  • a concave portion 6 is formed in a region from the bottom in the width of the finishing portion 4 (the width in the longitudinal direction of the forging material) to the rough processing portion. Due to the concave portion 6, the pressing surface of the finishing portion is divided into two areas.
  • W3 of the finishing portion 4 By forming one or more concave portions in the width (W3) of the finishing portion 4 to divide the pressing surface of the finishing portion into two or more areas, the forging material can be more reliably prevented from being bent during swaging.
  • the final stage of forging is performed in the bottom of the finishing portion shown in the cross-sectional view A-A.
  • the forging material is pressed, there are two portions including: a pressed portion that is pressed by the finishing portion; and a portion that is not pressed by the finishing portion and is adjacent to the portion pressed by the finishing portion.
  • a part of the pressed portion flows to the non-pressed portion such that the cross-section of the forging material is slightly elliptical.
  • the elliptical forging material is likely to be bent during forging.
  • the pressing surface (finishing portion) is divided by the concave portion. Therefore, the forging material is intermittently rotated by radial forging in the initial pressing portion and is finished in the next pressing surface. At this time, four portions in total are pressed in the structure shown in Fig. 9 . Therefore, as described above, an elliptical shape and a bent shape can be corrected in the pressing surface.
  • the concave portion By forming the concave portion at positions including the bottom of the finishing portion (the position in contact with the straight line A-A in Fig. 9 ), the effect of preventing bending can be exhibited as much as possible.
  • the forging material can be continuously hot-forged into a predetermined preform shape by using the same radial forging machine not only for necking but also for swaging. Therefore, unlike the related art, it is not necessary to perform swaging using a separate forging machine after using a jig for necking. That is, a troublesome process can be reduced. Thus, although the number of times of reheating is reduced, a preform for a high-accuracy turbine blade can be manufactured.
  • the present invention even a difficult-to-work material used for a turbine blade can be easily swaged using a radial forging machine.
  • the novel hot forging method using a radial forging machine the number of times of reheating a forging material can be significantly reduced, the productivity can be improved, and this method is extremely effective in power saving.
  • the hot forging die 11 shown in Fig. 3 was prepared.
  • the necking portion 7 of the prepared hot forging die 11 for necking includes a pair of halved pressing portions 12 between which the forging material is interposed, in which each of the halved pressing portions 12 has a convex portion having a substantially semicircular cross-section which is continuous so as to surround the forging material 21, and each of the halved pressing portions 12 includes a rough processing portion 13 and a finishing portion 14 having a convex portion having a larger curvature radius than the rough processing portion.
  • the curvature radius of the necking portion 7 gradually changes, in which the curvature radius of the substantially semicircular convex portion of the rough processing portion 13 is 30 mm, and the curvature radius of the substantially semicircular convex portion of the finishing portion 14 is 50 mm.
  • the pressing portion for swaging includes a pair of halved pressing portions 2 between which the forging material is interposed, in which each of the halved pressing portions 2 has a substantially semicircular convex shape which is continuous so as to surround the forging material 21, and each of the halved pressing portions 2 includes a substantially flat rough processing portion 3 and a finishing portion 4.
  • the width of the pressing portion for swaging gradually changes, in which the width of the rough processing portion 3 is 50 mm, and the width of the finishing portion 4 is 100 mm.
  • the inclination ⁇ of the flank is 18°.
  • the hot forging die has a shape in which a final shape is emphasized.
  • the above-described two hot forging dies were set as a pair, and the pair of hot forging dies were attached to a radial forging machine.
  • a forging material for a 50-inch turbine blade was heated in a heating furnace heated to 950°C.
  • the forging material was formed of a titanium alloy, in which the diameter was ⁇ 200 mm and the length was 1100 mm.
  • the forging material was extracted from the heating furnace and started to be hot-forged in the radial forging machine.
  • the forging material was held by a manipulator.
  • the forging material was necked by rotating the heated forging material 21 and concurrently pressing the forging material using each of the halved pressing portions of the pair of two hot forging dies 1 which were facing each other.
  • the forging material was hot-forged into a predetermined shape while rotating the forging material at the same position (not moving in the longitudinal direction of the forging material).
  • a plurality of halved pressing portions 12 for necking were formed in one die, and two portions were necked at the same time using this die.
  • the hot forging die was replaced with the hot forging die 1 of Fig. 1 including the pressing portion for swaging.
  • the forging material was extracted from the radial forging machine and was reheated to a predetermined forging temperature.
  • the forging material was attached to the radial forging machine again and was hot-forged using the pressing portion for swaging.
  • the forging material was intermittently rotated by the radial forging machine and was sequentially moved in the longitudinal direction such that the shape thereof was adjusted to a predetermined shape.
  • the forging material was hot-forged into a preform shape.
  • a preform 22 after hot forging had a shape shown in Fig. 5 which was suitable for forming a root portion, a wing portion, or a boss portion. In the preform after hot forging, a preform such as an overlap defect did not occur.
  • a difficult-to-work material used for a turbine blade or the like can be easily swaged using a radial forging machine.
  • a forging material can be hot-forged and necked into a predetermined preform shape using a radial forging machine. Therefore, unlike the related art, a troublesome process such as use of a jig for necking can be reduced. Thus, although the number of times of reheating is reduced, a preform for a high-accuracy turbine blade can be manufactured.
  • Example 2 the effect of the hot forging die shown in Fig. 9 was verified.
  • the width of the pressing portion for swaging gradually changes, in which the width of the pressing portion for swaging 5 in the rough processing portion 3 is mm, and the width of the pressing portion for swaging 5 in the finishing portion 4 is 120 mm.
  • a concave portion having a width of 50 mm was formed at the center of the finishing portion, and the number of pressing surfaces in the finishing portion was 2.
  • the width of each of the two divided pressing surfaces was 35 mm.
  • the same hot forging die for necking as in Example 1 was used.
  • a forging material for a 50-inch turbine blade was heated in a heating furnace heated to 950°C.
  • the forging material was formed of a titanium alloy, in which the diameter was ⁇ 200 mm and the length was 1100 mm.
  • the forging material was extracted from the heating furnace and started to be hot-forged in the radial forging machine.
  • the forging material was held by a manipulator.
  • the forging material was necked by rotating the heated forging material 21 and concurrently pressing the forging material using each of the halved pressing portions of the pair of two hot forging dies 11 which were facing each other.
  • the forging material was hot-forged in a predetermined shape while rotating the forging material at the same position (not moving in the longitudinal direction of the forging material).
  • a plurality of halved pressing portions 12 for necking were formed in one die, and two portions were necked at the same time using this die.
  • the hot forging die was replaced with the hot forging die 1 of Fig. 9 including the pressing portion for swaging.
  • the forging material was extracted from the radial forging machine and was reheated to a predetermined forging temperature.
  • the forging material was attached to the radial forging machine again and was hot-forged using the pressing portion for swaging.
  • the forging material was intermittently rotated by the radial forging machine and was sequentially moved in the longitudinal direction such that the shape thereof was adjusted to a predetermined shape. As a result, the forging material was hot-forged into a preform shape.
  • a preform 22 after hot forging had a shape shown in Fig. 5 which was suitable for forming a root portion, a wing portion, or a boss portion. In the preform after hot forging, a preform such as an overlap defect did not occur. Regarding the bending of the preform having a total length of about 1500 mm, it was verified that bending of about 5 mm was suppressed by comparing the preform obtained in Example 2 to the preform obtained in Example 1.
  • a difficult-to-work material used for a turbine blade or the like can be easily swaged using a radial forging machine.
  • a forging material can be hot-forged and necked into a predetermined preform shape using a radial forging machine. Therefore, unlike the related art, a troublesome process such as formation of a mark at a necking position can be reduced. Thus, although the number of times of reheating is reduced, a preform for a high-accuracy turbine blade can be manufactured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) pour le forgeage à chaud d'un matériau de forgeage en forme de barre par forgeage radial, la matrice de forgeage à chaud comprenant une paire de parties de pressage en moitiés (2) pour interposer le matériau de forgeage entre la paire de parties de pressage en moitié (2), chacune des parties de pressage en moitiés (2) ayant une surface lisse ayant une forme concave configurée pour entourer le matériau de forgeage,
    dans laquelle la partie de pressage en moitié comporte des parties de traitement rugueuses (3) et une partie de finition (4), et
    une largeur de la partie de finition dans une direction longitudinale du matériau de forgeage est plus large qu'une largeur des parties de traitement rugueuses,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie de finition (4) est formée autour d'un fond de la forme concave, et
    des parties de traitement rugueuses (3) sont formées sur chacun des deux côtés de la partie de finition (4), sur des côtés d'extrémité opposés de la forme concave.
  2. Matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la largeur de la partie de pressage en moitié (2) augmente progressivement dans une direction de la surface de traitement rugueuse à la surface de finition.
  3. Matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la largeur de la partie de finition (4) est plus large que la largeur de la partie de traitement rugueuse (3) de 10 mm ou plus.
  4. Matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la partie de finition (4) comporte une partie concave (6) qui divise une surface de pressage de la partie de finition (4) en au moins deux zones.
  5. Matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, la matrice de forgeage à chaud étant une matrice de forgeage à chaud destinée à la rétreinte du matériau de forgeage.
  6. Procédé de forgeage à chaud pour le forgeage à chaud d'un matériau de forgeage en forme de barre par forgeage radial à l'aide de la matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    le procédé de forgeage à chaud comprenant :
    une étape de chauffage de matériau de forgeage consistant à chauffer le matériau de forgeage jusqu'à une température de forgeage à chaud ; et
    une étape de forgeage à chaud consistant en une rétreinte du matériau de forgeage par rotation du matériau de forgeage chauffé et pressage simultané du matériau de forgeage avec la matrice de forgeage à chaud (1) au niveau de la paire de parties de pressage en moitiés (2) face à face.
  7. Procédé de forgeage à chaud selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le matériau de forgeage en forme de barre est formé d'un superalliage résistant à la chaleur à base de Ni ou d'un alliage de Ti.
  8. Procédé de forgeage à chaud selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel le matériau de forgeage est une préforme pour une aube de turbine.
EP16776475.2A 2015-04-06 2016-03-31 Matrice de forgeage à chaud et procédé de forgeage à chaud Active EP3281720B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015077338 2015-04-06
PCT/JP2016/060733 WO2016163308A1 (fr) 2015-04-06 2016-03-31 Matrice de forgeage à chaud et procédé de forgeage à chaud

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EP3281720A1 EP3281720A1 (fr) 2018-02-14
EP3281720A4 EP3281720A4 (fr) 2018-12-19
EP3281720B1 true EP3281720B1 (fr) 2020-09-02

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JP (1) JP6108259B2 (fr)
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KR101946300B1 (ko) * 2018-05-17 2019-02-11 주식회사 대동 자동차 현가장치용 스테인레스 볼스터드 제조방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US611574A (en) * 1898-09-27 Die fob and method of swaging metallic balls
AT320383B (de) * 1973-05-17 1975-02-10 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Werkzeug für Durchlaufschmiedemaschinen
JPS5854900B2 (ja) * 1976-07-05 1983-12-07 株式会社神戸製鋼所 フランジ付軸材の成形方法及び成形装置
JPS561236A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-01-08 Nippon Steel Corp Production of rough shape billet by forging
JPS55136535A (en) * 1979-04-10 1980-10-24 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Roughening method in die forging
JPS60250843A (ja) * 1984-05-28 1985-12-11 Daido Steel Co Ltd 背切り加工用の刃
JP3208818B2 (ja) * 1992-02-28 2001-09-17 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 プレス用金型およびプレス方法
JPH07185725A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Daido Steel Co Ltd ロールとその製造方法
RU2220020C1 (ru) * 2002-04-04 2003-12-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Чепецкий механический завод" Способ изготовления поковок преимущественно из металлов и сплавов подгруппы титана и ковочный комплекс для его осуществления
EP2149411B1 (fr) * 2008-07-29 2011-10-19 Magna Powertrain AG & Co. KG Marteau pour une machine à rétreindre rotative

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2016163308A1 (ja) 2017-05-25
WO2016163308A1 (fr) 2016-10-13
EP3281720A1 (fr) 2018-02-14
JP6108259B2 (ja) 2017-04-05
EP3281720A4 (fr) 2018-12-19
ES2832499T3 (es) 2021-06-10

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