EP3269265B1 - Schneiden eines belagpapierstreifens der tabak verarbeitenden industrie - Google Patents

Schneiden eines belagpapierstreifens der tabak verarbeitenden industrie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3269265B1
EP3269265B1 EP17179266.6A EP17179266A EP3269265B1 EP 3269265 B1 EP3269265 B1 EP 3269265B1 EP 17179266 A EP17179266 A EP 17179266A EP 3269265 B1 EP3269265 B1 EP 3269265B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
roller
drive
suction
suction roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17179266.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3269265A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Kessler
Manfred Folger
Frank Grothaus
Nils Klaper
Peter Kalus
Stefan Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority to PL17179266T priority Critical patent/PL3269265T3/pl
Publication of EP3269265A1 publication Critical patent/EP3269265A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3269265B1 publication Critical patent/EP3269265B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/47—Attaching filters or mouthpieces to cigars or cigarettes, e.g. inserting filters into cigarettes or their mouthpieces
    • A24C5/471—Attaching filters or mouthpieces to cigars or cigarettes, e.g. inserting filters into cigarettes or their mouthpieces by means of a connecting band
    • A24C5/473—Cutting the connecting band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/34—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut
    • B26D1/40—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut and coacting with a rotary member
    • B26D1/405—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis parallel to the line of cut and coacting with a rotary member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/56—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter
    • B26D1/62—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is rotating about an axis parallel to the line of cut, e.g. mounted on a rotary cylinder
    • B26D1/626—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is rotating about an axis parallel to the line of cut, e.g. mounted on a rotary cylinder for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cutting a strip of material web from the tobacco processing industry, in particular a covering paper strip, into material web sections and a machine in the tobacco processing industry, in particular a filter attachment machine.
  • the invention also relates to a method for cutting a material web strip in the tobacco processing industry, in particular a covering paper strip, the material web strip being conveyed to a device for cutting the material web strip and being cut into material web strip sections by means of the device.
  • a filter piece or mouthpiece of double length is inserted between cut and axially spaced tobacco sticks, and a glued tipping paper sheet is then attached to the assembled cigarette-mouthpiece-cigarette group.
  • DE 39 18 137 A1 is for example a tipping paper apparatus of a filter attaching machine described.
  • the glued covering paper is fed in as an endless covering paper strip and cut into individual sheets or covering paper sheets by means of a cutting device.
  • the cutting device consists of a cutting roller with outwardly directed knives and a suction roller with recesses, the edge of which leading in the direction of rotation is designed as a cutting edge. Between the grooves, the suction roller has surfaces acted upon by suction air, on which the covering paper strip and the covering paper leaves are held or guided. The knives of the rotating cutting roller engage in the grooves of the tipping paper roll rotating in opposite directions, the tipping paper strip being cut between a knife of the cutting roller and a cutting edge of the suction roller.
  • a tipping apparatus for cutting a tipping paper strip into several tipping paper strip sections, the tipping paper strip being cut in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction.
  • the drums and rollers are driven by a drive system, for which purpose one or more electric motors, such as servo motors or stepper motors, can be provided.
  • a central control unit is provided for driving each component in order to control the speed and alignment of the drums.
  • a central drive motor can be used which is connected to the drums via toothed belts or gears or chain drives.
  • a non-torque-controlled or a (rotation) speed-controlled or position-controlled suction roller drive is provided for the suction roller with a high mass inertia and a directly driving torque-controlled cutting roller drive is provided for the cutting roller with a low mass inertia, it is possible to control the drive torques of the Cutting roller or the suction roller to vary the pressure of the cutting elements (cutting knife and groove flank) that work together for the scissor cut.
  • the knife Since the radius of the knife or the (radial) distance between the axis of rotation of the cutting roll and the point of intersection of the knife on the groove flank of the suction roll changes when the cutting roll rotates, the knife is slightly bent when the cutting knife plunges into a groove the point of contact between the knife and the groove flank moves. This makes a pulling one Cut reached or formed.
  • the bending of the cutting knife is also referred to as so-called overpressure.
  • suction roller drive is speed-controlled or rotational speed-controlled or position-controlled and the cutting roller drive is torque-controlled means that wear is reduced or even breaking of the cutting blade is prevented.
  • the use of the speed-controlled or position-controlled suction roll drive and the torque-controlled cutting roll drive mean that wider material webs, e.g. with a width greater than 74 mm, can be cut in a simple manner without the cutting knife being significantly overpressed.
  • it is achieved that a cutting contour that deviates from a straight line can also be implemented.
  • the drive of the suction roll is designed with a speed control device or position control device and the drive of the cutting roll is designed with a torque control device.
  • the individually driven suction roller which is also referred to as the counter roller
  • the suction roll drive and the cutting roll drive are e.g. connected to one another by means of a transmission, preferably with play.
  • the transmission is ineffective in the production operation of the device or the machine, ie in the production of cigarettes, since in this operating state of the device or the machine the suction roller drive drives the suction roller and the cutting roller drive drives the cutting roller directly and independently of one another.
  • non-production mode i.e. in manual mode or in the event of a power failure
  • the transmission is effective.
  • manual mode the cutting roller is rotated in the production direction via a handwheel
  • the suction roller is rotated via the then effective gear.
  • the gear mechanism is also effective, since when the suction roller and cutting roller rotate simultaneously by means of the gear mechanism, the suction roller and the cutting roller come to a standstill without being destroyed.
  • the suction roller and cutting roller are rotated simultaneously by means of the gear unit, so that it is possible to record and to determine the angular relationships between the positions of the suction roller and the cutting roller and also of the gear unit check.
  • the cutting roller drive is operated accordingly based on the angular positions of the cutting roller and the suction roller of the cutting roller drive recorded in the previous non-production mode, in order, for example, to avoid overpressing the cutting blades during the cutting process and / or to avoid wider material strips and theirs Cut edges exactly.
  • the cutting knife and the groove flank (as the cutting edge) only touch each other at a defined point during the cutting process, it is possible to specifically adjust the bending of the cutting knife via the cut by regulating the drive torque. It is possible to limit the tension on the rollers or to increase it in a targeted manner.
  • the tensioning of the rollers involved in the cutting process can be controlled by the suction roll drive with its speed control or position control and the cutting roll drive with its torque control, in particular in such a way that a targeted setting of a cut is achieved, whereby it is also possible that wider material web strips, for example with a width greater than 74 mm, are cut into material web strip sections.
  • the drive torque of the suction roll drive is regulated or can be regulated as a function of the speed of the suction roll drive when performing the scissor cut and / or that the drive torque of the cutting drum drive is controlled depending on the position of the cutting drum drive when executing the scissor cut or is adjustable.
  • the speed or the position positions of the suction roller drive and / or the drive torque of the cutting roller drive are regulated in such a way that an overpressure of a cutting knife when the scissor cut is formed does not exceed a predetermined maximum setpoint value for the overpressure and / or does not fall below a minimum setpoint.
  • the mutual pressure of the groove flank and the cutting knife interacting with it is varied during the cutting process in such a way that the overpressure of the cutting knife that is present or necessary during the scissor cut does not exceed a maximum, so that it is possible to cleanly cut the wider material webs and their edges.
  • This is achieved in particular in that the drive torque of the individually driven cutting roller is reduced at the time of the overpressure, which also reduces the wear on the knife.
  • the drive torque of the cutting roller drive is or is regulated in such a way that with a predetermined or optimally set overpressure, the edges of the material webs or the material web sections are also cut cleanly.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting knives can be used with a straight cutting contour.
  • cutting knives that have cutting edges with a cutting contour deviating from a straight line, e.g. bow-shaped knives.
  • an overpressure of a cutting knife when forming the scissor cut does not exceed a maximum setpoint value, the useful life of the cutting knife is extended due to less wear.
  • the drive torque of the cutting roller is reduced or can be reduced when the cutting knife is overpressed and when the maximum setpoint value for overpressing the cutting knife is reached.
  • the drive torque of the cutting roller is increased or can be increased if the pressure of the cutting blade is too low and a minimum setpoint value for the pressure of the cutting blade is reached.
  • the suction roll drive is preferably designed as a servomotor and / or the cutting roll drive is designed as a servomotor.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting knives have a non-rectilinear cutting contour.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting knives have a straight cutting contour.
  • the cutting roller drive and the suction roller drive are connected to one another, in particular using a gear, more preferably a gear drive.
  • the gear mechanism is preferably designed as a gear mechanism with backlash, that is to say not without play.
  • the suction roller has a greater inertia than the cutting roller.
  • the suction roll is designed with a high mass inertia and the cutting roll with a small mass inertia in order to make the suction roll as independent as possible or essentially independent of vibrations and possible positional deviations from the normal position.
  • the moment of inertia of the suction roller preferably by at least a factor of 5, is greater than the moment of inertia of the cutting roller.
  • the moment of inertia of the suction roller is greater by at least a factor of 8 or 10 or 12 or 15 or 20 or greater than 20 than the moment of inertia of the cutting roller.
  • the object is also achieved by a machine of the tobacco processing industry, in particular a filter attachment machine, which is designed with a device described above for cutting a strip of material web of the tobacco processing industry, in particular a tipping paper strip, into material strip sections.
  • a machine of the tobacco processing industry in particular a filter attachment machine, which is designed with a device described above for cutting a strip of material web of the tobacco processing industry, in particular a tipping paper strip, into material strip sections.
  • the object is achieved by a method for cutting a material web strip of the tobacco processing industry, in particular a covering paper strip, wherein the material web strip is conveyed to a device for cutting the material web strip and is cut into material web strip sections by means of the device, the device for cutting the material web strip a Cutting roller and a suction roller interacting with the cutting roller, the material web strip being guided between the cutting roller and the suction roller, and the cutting roller having cutting blades in the circumferential direction, the suction roller having grooves in the circumferential direction for receiving cutting blades of the cutting roller with simultaneous counter-rotating rotation of the cutting roller and the suction roller, the cutting blades of the cutting roller each dipping into a groove of the suction roller and being brought into contact with a groove flank of the groove to form a scissor cut, the suction roller using only one, preferably the suction roller directly driving and position-regulated or speed-regulated, suction roll drive is set in rotation and the cutting roller is set in rotation by means of exclusively one, preferably the cutting roller
  • the drive torque of the cutting roller drive is regulated as a function of the position of the cutting roller when the scissors cut is carried out.
  • the speed or the positions of the suction roller drive and / or the drive torque of the cutting roller drive is regulated in such a way that an overpressure of the cutting knife does not exceed a maximum setpoint value and / or does not fall below a minimum setpoint value when the scissor cut is formed.
  • the drive torque of the cutting roller is reduced, or the drive torque of the cutting roller is increased when the minimum setpoint value for the cutting knife is overpressed.
  • the suction roll drive is expediently designed as a servo motor and / or the cutting roll drive is designed as a servo motor.
  • an embodiment of the method is characterized in that, before the device for cutting the strip of material web is put into operation, at least one position or several, preferably all, positions of the suction roll and at least one position or several, preferably all positions of the cutting roller when introducing a cutting knife or when introducing the cutting knife into the respective groove interacting with the cutting knife, preferably individually.
  • the number of grooves in the suction roller corresponds to the number of cutting blades on the cutting roller, so that in each case a cutting blade is always introduced into the same groove that corresponds to it.
  • the suction roll drive and the cutting roll drive are e.g. Connected to one another via a transmission, in particular a gear transmission, with a predetermined transmission ratio in particular remaining constant.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method is characterized in that the position or positions of the suction roller are recorded and the position or positions of the cutting roller are recorded automatically.
  • the corresponding position pairings of the cutting knife and groove flanks are measured via the rotary encoders of the individual drives of the cutting roller and the suction roller. Due to the tolerances of the components, such as cutting blades, cutting rollers, suction rollers and groove flanks (as counter-blades), there are different position angles for the Cutting start and for the cutting end.
  • the cutting roller drive it is possible for the cutting roller drive to set or approach a corrected angle for the cutting start of each pairing (cutting knife and groove flank) based on the recorded measured values or the recorded positions.
  • the automatic calibration is characterized in that an angular relationship of the positions between the suction roll and the cutting roll and, if necessary, the gearbox and other components is checked.
  • Embodiments according to the invention can fulfill individual features or a combination of several features.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a device 1 for feeding a tipping paper strip 2 in a schematically designated filter attachment machine F.
  • a filter attachment machine from HAUNI Maschinenbau AG, Hamburg, is known under the name MAX.
  • the device 1 is described below with reference to the path of the covering paper strip 2.
  • the tipping paper strip 2 is drawn off by means of a pair of draw-off rollers 6 and 8 from a supply roll 4 rotating about an axis 5 in the direction of the arrow.
  • One of the two take-off rollers, here the take-off roller 6, is driven by a drive 11 via a toothed belt 7.
  • the crusher 14 breaks the paper of the tipping paper strip 2 so that it can later be more easily wrapped around assembled filter-cigarette groups.
  • a gluing device 22 for applying glue patterns to the covering paper strip 2 Downstream of the take-off rollers 6 and 8, a gluing device 22 for applying glue patterns to the covering paper strip 2 is provided.
  • the gluing device 22 has a glue nozzle 24. With the aid of the glue nozzle 24, glue patterns are applied to the covering paper strip 2.
  • the covering paper strip 2 passes via deflection rollers 26, 28 and 29 to a covering cutting device 30 for periodically separating covering paper sections from the covering paper strip 2.
  • the covering cutting device 30 is a fixed path length in the direction of movement 20 of the covering paper strip 2 behind the glue nozzle 24 arranged. If the length of the covering paper strip 2 between the glue nozzle 24 and the covering cutting device 30 is always the same, the glue pattern produced is aligned with the position of the cut during the cut by activating the glue nozzle 24.
  • an oscillator 44 in contact with the covering paper strip 2 is arranged and synchronized with the rollers 32 and 36 in order to hold the covering paper strip 2 back slightly against the direction of movement 20 relative to the roller surface after each cut by one of the cutting knives 34, see above that a distance is created between the individual cut sections or covering paper sheets 39 of the covering paper strip 2.
  • the oscillator 44 thus converts the uniform feed of the tipping paper strip 2 to the gluing device 22 into a non-uniform feed to the covering cutting device 30.
  • the lining cutting device 30 has a cutting roller 32 with knives 34 arranged on its circumference and slightly angled with respect to the radial, and a suction roller 36 which rotates in opposite directions and which receives the lining paper strip 2 and is designed as a lining paper roller.
  • the suction roller 36 has groove-like recesses 38 or grooves 38 into which the cutting knives 34 dip due to the spacing of the rollers 32 and 36 from one another while the two rollers 32 and 36 rotate, in order to separate the tipping paper strip 2 sitting on the circumference of the suction roller 36.
  • the suction roll 36 has suction bores 42 connected to a suction device for holding the covering paper strip 2 and the separated covering paper sheets 39 on the suction roll 36.
  • the Fig. 2 shows schematically the covering cutting device 30 in an enlarged detail.
  • the covering paper strip 2 is conveyed to the suction roller 36.
  • the peripheral surface of the suction roll 36 is in Usually subjected to suction air, which is supplied via suction air bores 42 and 43 and holds and guides the covering paper strip 2 on the surface of the suction roller 36.
  • the suction roller 36 has in its circumferential surface axially parallel to the axis of rotation grooves or recesses 38, the front groove flank 47 of which in the running direction is provided as a cutting edge for the separating cut or scissor cut separating the covering paper sheets 39 from the covering paper strip 2.
  • a speed-regulated servo motor 56 is provided to drive the suction roll 36, which is designed as a suction roll, so that the suction roll 36 is driven directly by the servo motor 56.
  • the cutting roller 32 cooperating with the suction roller 36 is driven individually by means of a separate torque-controlled servomotor 52.
  • the cutting roller 32 designed as a cutting roller, carries on its circumference cutting blades 34 running transversely to the direction of rotation, which dip one after the other into the grooves 38 of the suction roller 36 as they rotate.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting knives 34 are e.g. on a conical surface in alignment or preferably at an angle to the axis of the cutting roller 32, the cut beginning with the dipping of the cutting edge into the corresponding groove or recess 38 of the suction roller 36 with a scissor cut and after the cutting edge has dipped in with the severing of the covering paper strip ends.
  • the suction roller 36 has support bodies 50 which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the suction roller 36 and which have corresponding support surfaces 40 on the outside for the covering paper sheets 39 or the covering paper strips 2.
  • the recesses 38 are formed as an interruption between the support bodies 50.
  • a cutting knife 34 dips into the associated recess 38 of the suction roller 36, which is designed as a groove, without touching the groove flank 47 acting as a cutting edge. Then the scissors cut begins with the contact of the cutting edge of the cutting knife 34 with the cutting edge of the groove flank 47, whereby when the cutting roller 32 and the suction roller 36 rotate in opposite directions, the point of contact between the cutting edge of the groove flank 47 and the cutting knife 34 along the cutting edge of the cutting knife 34 to the other end of the cutting edge migrates.
  • a straight cut is made in cooperation with a straight groove flank 47.
  • the cutting knife 34 then detaches itself from the groove flank 47 of the suction roller 36, which forms the second cutting edge, and emerges again from the recess 38. As a result, a pulling severing cut or a scissors cut to sever the covering paper sheet 39 from the covering paper strip 2 is carried out.
  • the suction roller 36 is driven individually by means of the servo motor 56 and the cutting roller 32 by means of the servo motor 52 at the same time, it is possible for the drive torques of the suction roller 36 and the cutting roller 32 to be regulated individually so that the respective regulation of the drive torques the suction roller 36 and the cutting roller 32, the mutual pressure of the interacting cutting elements (knife 34 and groove flank 47) can be varied, in particular such that the overpressure of the cutting knife 34 required for the scissor cut does not exceed a maximum or a target value.
  • overpressure of the cutting blades 34 when performing the scissor cut is reduced, whereby the wear of the cutting blades 34 is also reduced.
  • cutting blades 34 with a straight cutting contour of the cutting edge are used. It is also possible within the scope of the invention that the cutting edges of the cutting knives 34 have a cutting contour that deviates from a straight line, for example an arcuate cut contour.
  • the cutting contour of the cutting knife can be designed, for example, concave or convex, with the contours of the groove flanks 47 interacting with the knives 34 being designed to be functionally complementary.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
EP17179266.6A 2016-07-12 2017-07-03 Schneiden eines belagpapierstreifens der tabak verarbeitenden industrie Active EP3269265B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17179266T PL3269265T3 (pl) 2016-07-12 2017-07-03 Cięcie pasa papieru owijkowego w przemyśle tytoniowym

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016112724.8A DE102016112724B4 (de) 2016-07-12 2016-07-12 Schneiden eines Belagpapierstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3269265A1 EP3269265A1 (de) 2018-01-17
EP3269265B1 true EP3269265B1 (de) 2020-09-30

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EP (1) EP3269265B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107599033B (zh)
DE (1) DE102016112724B4 (zh)
PL (1) PL3269265T3 (zh)

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CN109156892B (zh) * 2018-11-13 2021-05-18 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种无胶拼接的卷烟机
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DE102019100755A1 (de) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-16 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Auftrennen einer Flachbahn sowie Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Strangs
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Publication number Publication date
PL3269265T3 (pl) 2021-03-08
CN107599033B (zh) 2021-03-23
CN107599033A (zh) 2018-01-19
DE102016112724B4 (de) 2018-02-08
EP3269265A1 (de) 2018-01-17
DE102016112724A1 (de) 2018-01-18

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