EP3258168B1 - Waste heat boiler - Google Patents

Waste heat boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3258168B1
EP3258168B1 EP16748738.8A EP16748738A EP3258168B1 EP 3258168 B1 EP3258168 B1 EP 3258168B1 EP 16748738 A EP16748738 A EP 16748738A EP 3258168 B1 EP3258168 B1 EP 3258168B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammering
heating tubes
waste heat
fins
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16748738.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3258168A4 (en
EP3258168A2 (en
Inventor
Yukihiro Takenaka
Fengwa ZHAO
Chuanli KAO
Tatsuo Ino
Mihan ZHAO
Takuro NOZOE
Hao Zhang
Xiaobing Wang
Ning Wang
Jieyu Xiao
Wei Fang
Dazhu LIU
Jian Zhou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anhui Conch Kawasaki Energy Conservation Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Anhui Conch Kawasaki Engineering Co Ltd
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Anhui Conch Kawasaki Energy Conservation Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Anhui Conch Kawasaki Engineering Co Ltd
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201520104147.5U external-priority patent/CN204460245U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510076305.5A external-priority patent/CN104696937A/zh
Application filed by Anhui Conch Kawasaki Energy Conservation Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd, Anhui Conch Kawasaki Engineering Co Ltd, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, Kawasaki Jukogyo KK filed Critical Anhui Conch Kawasaki Energy Conservation Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2016/073724 external-priority patent/WO2016127937A2/zh
Publication of EP3258168A2 publication Critical patent/EP3258168A2/en
Publication of EP3258168A4 publication Critical patent/EP3258168A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3258168B1 publication Critical patent/EP3258168B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F22B37/204—Supporting arrangements for individual tubes, e.g. for securing tubes to a refractory wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0138—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by sleeves for finned tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/064—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle in combination with an industrial process, e.g. chemical, metallurgical

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to boiler equipment, and particularly, to a waste heat boiler capable of recovering waste heat in exhaust gas.
  • waste heat boiler is widely used to recover waste heat generated in the manufacturing industries such as carbon black production, glass fiber production, metallurgy steel production, petroleum production, acid and alkali production, cement production, etc.
  • waste heat boiler capable of recovering waste heat in exhaust gas of the cement production kiln in the cement industry is used as an example to describe the waste heat boiler.
  • the waste heat boiler matched with the cement production kiln mainly includes an AQC boiler (Air Quenching Cooler boiler), a PH boiler (Pre heater boiler), etc.
  • AQC boiler Air Quenching Cooler boiler
  • PH boiler Pre heater boiler
  • the heat transfer performance and energy consumption rate of the waste heat boiler mainly depend on the heating tube.
  • the heating tube includes the unfinned heating tube (bare tube) and the finned heating tube (finned tube).
  • the bare tube has a smooth outer surface and the heat transfer is quick, while the flow resistance to exhaust gas is small and the energy consumption is low, thus it is widely used in the PH boiler, etc.
  • the exhaust gas in the PH boiler has a temperature of 300°C to 400°C, and a high dust concentration of 100g/Nm3.
  • the dusts of such a concentration will not be melted within the temperature zone of 300°C to 400°C, while their particle size is very small (the dusts with the average particle size below 10 ⁇ m occupy 80%) and textures are soft, thus the bare tube is used. If the grid tube arrangement is employed, the dusts will block spaces between the heating tubes in the flow direction, and the heat transfer is degraded.
  • the PH boiler is usually provided with a hammering device or a soot blowing device to clean the dusts adhered to the surface of the heating tube.
  • rapping device hammers the lower portions of heating tubes arranged vertically, and another type of rapping device raps the accessories fixed to the lower portions of heating tubes arranged horizontally.
  • the heating tube and the mounting accessory are fixedly connected to each other, rather than movable to each other, thus the vibration is insufficient.
  • the mounting accessory for mounting the heating tube will bear an impact force from the hammering device, and the durability of the waste heat boiler is weakened.
  • the rapping effect cannot be sufficiently achieved, and the mounting accessory will be easily affected by the impact force of the rapping in the case of the whole tube bundle of all the heating tubes being rapped.
  • the cost rises when each heating tube is provided with a rapping device.
  • the soot blowing device is provided as dedusting means, the dusts in the exhaust gas of the PH tower among the exhaust gas of cement are of a large quantity and a high adhesiveness, which requires frequent operations and the economic feasibility is poor, thus the soot blowing device is not widely used.
  • the finned tube is adopted in the AQC boiler.
  • the heat exchange area is greatly increased, and under the condition of obtaining equivalent heat exchange performances, the number of the heating tubes is small, the volume of the boiler is largely decreased, and the cost is reduced in case of adopting finned tube.
  • the fins of the finned tube of the AQC boiler are usually spiral fins.
  • the AQC boiler uses the finned tube in the reason that the exhaust gas is filtered by a dust collector before it enters the AQC boiler, with a temperature of 300°C to 400°C, a dust concentration decreased to be not more than several g/Nm3, and mainly including relatively large and hard dusts with particle sizes not more than 200 ⁇ m, i.e., the dusts will not be easily adhered to the surface of the heating tube.
  • the dusts since the dusts have low adhesiveness, usually a staggered arrangement is adopted without the rapping device.
  • the comparison between the bare tube and the finned tube is as follows.
  • the bare tube achieves a quick heat transfer and a low energy consumption, the volume or number of the heating tube has to be increased if the heat transfer area needs to be expanded, thus the cost of the heating tube and even the whole boiler will be increased.
  • the finned tube can largely improve the heat transfer performance, the dusts will be easily adhered thereto because smoothness of the surface of the heating tube is damaged. And the adhered dusts can easily block the spaces between the fins and the boiler cannot run stably. Meanwhile, the exhaust gas has a large flow resistance and a high energy consumption.
  • the bare tubes are used in cooperation with dedusting devices such as the rapping device and the soot blowing device, and applied to the waste heat boilers for the exhaust gas in which the temperature is moderate, the dust concentration is high, and the dusts have small particle sizes and high adhesiveness; the finned tubes are applied to the waste heat boilers for the exhaust gas in which the temperature is high, the dust concentration is low, and the dusts have large particle sizes and low adhesiveness, and which does not need to provide dedusting devices such as the rapping device and the soot blowing device.
  • the various types of waste heat boilers existed at present cannot economically recover the exhaust gas in which the temperature is high, and the dusts have very small particle sizes and high adhesiveness, such as the exhaust gas of a ferrosilicon manufacturing electric furnace.
  • the exhaust gas of the ferrosilicon manufacturing electric furnace has a temperature of 400°C to 450°C, a dust concentration lower than 10g/Nm3, while the dusts have tiny particle sizes (60% of them are not more than 1 ⁇ m) and high adhesiveness.
  • the heat transfer area of the bare tube cannot be economically and sufficiently ensured if the recovery is made with a waste heat boiler provided with the bare tubes, and the exhaust gas still maintains a high temperature after being discharged from the waste heat boiler, thus the heat cannot be sufficiently recovered.
  • the dusts in the exhaust gas of the ferrosilicon manufacturing electric furnace have high adhesiveness, thus more dusts are accumulated between the heating tubes if the recovery is made with an AQC waste heat boiler provided with the finned tubes.
  • the rapping device is usually not provided, thus the heat transfer performance of the waste heat boiler will be continuously degraded with the incessant adhesion of the dusts.
  • waste heat boilers in the market including the PH boiler and the AQC boiler, cannot effectively recover waste heat of the exhaust gas in which the temperature is 300°C to 500°C, the dust concentration is 10g/Nm3 to 100g/Nm3, and the dusts have high adhesiveness.
  • the prior art there is no waste heat boiler which combines the fin structure of the heating tube with the dedusting device, so as to effectively recover various grades of exhaust gases in which the temperature is 300°C to 500°C, the dust concentration is 10g/Nm3 to 100g/Nm3, and the dusts have high adhesiveness, while the heat transfer performance is high and the cost is low.
  • Patent literature 1 JP2002-295989A ) provides a heat transfer pipe with fins and a support structure for it capable of preventing the generation of high temperature creep deformation of the fins even when the fins of a support are not removed.
  • a circular arc shaped heat transfer pipe receiving fitting is disposed in the lower edge of a through holes of a heat transfer pipe support plate.
  • three flat plate type fin connecting fittings are welded along the circumferential direction by a welding part to make the outer peripheral parts of the fins unitary. Thus, a mechanical strength when external force is exerted is improved.
  • Patent literature 2 JPS59-41797A improves performance of heat exchange, by a method wherein a heating surface area is made to enlarge so that meandering heat exchanger tube can be mounted easily on a boundary between supporting lattice frame units adjoining to each other.
  • a meandering heat exchanger tube is manufactured by connecting the tips of four straight pipes being arranged on a plane surface at regular intervals by bent pipes with each other.
  • Patent literature 3 ( WO2015/001666A1 ) provide a waste-heat boiler which comprises a vertical water-tube boiler capable of being used in a large-scale production plant which generates a high-temperature, high-pressure process gas.
  • a waste-heat boiler is configured as a double structure which uses: a vertically extending casing having a circular transverse cross-section; and a vertically extending heat-resistant wall disposed within the casing.
  • the waste-heat boiler is provided with an inlet duct which penetrates through the casing, is connected to the heat-resistant wall, and supplies a process gas to a space surrounded by the heat-resistant wall.
  • Heat-transfer tubes are arranged in the space surrounded by the heat-resistant wall.
  • Patent literature 4 ( US44420800B ) provides a single drum all-welded boiler system for a furnace having a combustion chamber and a convection pass connected to the combustion chamber in a transition area, the system comprising a superheater in the transition area, an economiser in the convection pass and a boiler between the superheater and the economiser.
  • the superheater includes a plurality of vertically extending tubes arranged in aligned rows, and the system includes rapping means for applying impacts to the superheater tubes, thereby freeing the tubes of undesirable combustion deposits.
  • patent literatures 1 to 4 do not note that vibration of heating tube is insufficient and that the mounting accessory for mounting the heating tube will bear an impact force from the hammering device, and the durability of the waste heat boiler is weakened.
  • One technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste heat boiler, a hammering device thereof, and a heating tube mounting structure, which can exert a sufficient hammering function and improve the dedusting effect; meanwhile, the hammering force causes a small impact on surrounding accessories, and the durability of the equipment is good.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste heat boiler, a hammering device thereof, and a heat conduction tube mounting structure, which have a high heat transfer performance and a good dedusting effect without increasing the cost, and can be used to recover various grades of exhaust gases.
  • the waste heat boiler and the hammering device thereof, and the heating tube mounting structure of the present invention can achieve sufficient rapping, and improve the dedusting effect.
  • the hammering force causes a small impact on surrounding fittings, and the durability of equipment is good.
  • a high heat transfer performance can be achieved without increasing the cost, and various grades of exhaust gases can be recovered.
  • the waste heat boiler is capable of recovering the exhaust gases in various industries and it is highly universal.
  • waste heat boiler a waste heat boiler, a hammering device and a heating tube mounting structure provided by the present invention
  • the hammering device and the heating tube mounting structure are components of the waste heat boiler; the examples of the hammering device and the heating tube mounting structure will be included in the examples of the waste heat boiler, and are not described separately.
  • the waste heat boiler of the present invention can be used to recover the exhaust gas for the industries such as cement production, carbon black production, glass fiber production, metallurgy steel production, petroleum production, acid and alkali production, etc.
  • the present invention provides a waste heat boiler, a hammering device thereof, and a heating tube mounting structure.
  • the main invention principle of the present invention is to combine the fin structure of the finned heating tube with the hammering device to deal with the high temperature waste heat and the highly adhesive dusts in the industrial exhaust gas, thereby effectively recovering various grades of exhaust gases in which the temperature is 300°C to 500°C, the dust concentration is 10g/Nm3 to 100g/Nm3, and the dusts have high adhesiveness in a dry state.
  • the waste heat boiler also has the characteristics of high heat transfer performance, low cost, and effective cleaning of adhered dusts.
  • the waste heat boiler in the embodiment is a vertical structure, comprising a boiler 1, and an exhaust gas inlet 2 and an exhaust gas outlet 3 are provided at an upper portion and a lower portion of the boiler 1, respectively.
  • a plurality of heating tubes 4 with fins 23 are provided in the boiler 1.
  • the heating tubes 4 are arranged into a horizontal and grid tube arrangement, thus dusts that might by accumulated between the fins 23 can be blown off during the uniform flow of the exhaust gas from top to bottom as indicated by the arrow, thereby obviously increasing the amount of heat transferred from the exhaust gas to the heating tube 4, and improving the efficiency for the whole boiler to recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas.
  • the heat exchange area can be efficiently expanded, and the heat exchange performance can be increased, without increasing the cost. As illustrated in Figs.
  • the fin 23 is provided as being perpendicular to an outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4 and radially protruded outwards along the outer peripheral surface.
  • a plurality of fins 23 are provided at an interval along a length direction, i.e., an axial direction.
  • the fin 23 is provided on the whole outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4, i.e., the fin 23 is a closed annular piece. Since the fin 23 perpendicularly winds on the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4, the main heat exchange surface of the fin 23 is in the same direction as the dust gravity.
  • the closed annular fin 23 can maximize the heat exchange area, and the heat exchange area can be adjusted by varying the number, interval, height and thickness of the fins 23 provided in the length direction of the heating tube 4.
  • the closed annular fin 23 may be replaced by two or more discontinuous sector pieces. Although the heat exchange area for these fins 23 is reduced, the gap 24 between the sector pieces allows the exhaust gas to flow through, thereby increasing the amount of heat transferred from the exhaust gas to the heating tube 4 at certain extent.
  • the heating tube mounting structure related to the hammering device.
  • two or more support assemblies are arranged in an axial direction of the heating tube 4 at an interval.
  • One heating tube 4 passes through corresponding two or more support hole portions of the two or more support assemblies.
  • one support assembly may be provided at a central portion of the heating tube 4 in the axial direction, and two ends of the heating tube 4 are supported movably by other supports.
  • the support assembly for supporting the heating tube 4 includes a plurality of support rings 5 corresponding to each of heating tubes 4 and support beams 8 for fixing these support rings 5.
  • the hole of the support ring 5 constitutes the support hole portion.
  • the support rings 5 are also in a grid tube arrangement.
  • Two or more support assemblies are provided in the length direction of the heating tube 4 at an interval, and one heating tube 4 passes through corresponding support ring 5 of each support assembly.
  • the heating tube 4 is connected to the support ring 5 of the support assembly in an unfixed way, and a space between the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the support ring 5 allows the heating tube 4 and the support ring 5 to move relative to each other.
  • the heat conduction tube 4 is movably and freely mounted.
  • the heating tube 4 and the support ring 5 can move relative to each other, and a sufficient vibration can be achieved.
  • the hammering impact force will not bring any burden to the support assembly, and the durability of equipment is improved.
  • the support assembly comprises two or more support plates 51 provided in the length direction of the heating tube 4 at an interval; each support plate 51 is provided with a via-hole 52 corresponding to a respective heating tube 4; one heating tube 4 passes through corresponding open holes 52 of the plurality of support plates 51; the open holes 52 constitute the support hole portions; and the support plate 51 is consistent with the flow direction with the exhaust gas, thus the energy consumption is small.
  • the above two examples provide the structures for movably mounting the heating tubes 4 with the support rings 5 and the open holes 52. It is conceivable that in another illustrative example useful for understanding the invention, as illustrated in Fig. 7 , the heating tubes 4 can be movably supported by metal rod assemblies 54 having meshes 53, and the meshes 53 constitute the support hole portions, provided that the size of the mesh 53 is larger than that of the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4.
  • the support assembly capable of movably supporting the heating tube 4 is not limited to the structures in the above examples, and any structure that realizes a movable mounting of the heating tube 4 can be used. In extreme cases, the heating tubes may be suspended in the boiler using metal chains. Herein the details are no longer described.
  • the inventor carries out a test in which exhaust gas from a PH tower of a cement kiln flows in a test apparatus assumed as a PH boiler.
  • the heating tubes 4 with fins 23 have an outer diameter of 38 mm, a horizontal grid tube arrangement, an interval of 90 mm in a perpendicular direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, an interval of 90 mm in a flow direction of the exhaust gas, a fin 23 height of 21 mm, a fin 23 thickness of 1.2 mm, and are internally cooled with warm water.
  • no dedusting device is provided, so as to determine the dynamic condition of dust accumulation.
  • the pressure loss and dust accumulation situation of the heating tubes 4 are tested by varying the interval of the fins 23, so as to determine the heat transfer performance.
  • the test result shows that the dust accumulation situation (assessed with a ratio of a pressure loss in a stable state to a pressure loss in an initial stage) in the same degree as that of the existing PH boiler (the heating tubes are in a perpendicular staggered tube arrangement, wherein the outer diameter of the bare tube is 38 mm, the interval in the perpendicular direction of the exhaust gas is 90 mm, and the interval in the flow direction of the exhaust gas is 78 mm) can be obtained by setting the interval of the fins 23 to be more than 15 mm, such as 15 mm to 18 mm. It is also determined that the dust accumulation amount is saturate by optimizing the arrangement of the heating tubes 4 and the interval of the fins 23, and a stable running under the exhaust gas of a high dust concentration is achieved through a cooperation with the dedusting device.
  • the waste heat boiler of the present invention may be not provided with a hammering device, and the dedusting may be made through manual hammering or an additional-external hammering device.
  • the waste heat boiler of the present invention is provided with a hammering device.
  • the structure of the hammering device may be any hammering device in the prior art. Based on the heating tube mounting structure in the present invention and relative to the heating tube mounting structure in the prior art, an improved hammering effect can be achieved using any existing hammering device.
  • the heating tubes 4 are hammered in bundles using a hammering device specially designed in the present invention.
  • the heating tubes 4 are divided into bundles, and the specific manner of dividing into bundles is as follows.
  • a plurality of heating tubes 4 adjacent to each other in a same vertical plane constitute a heat transfer assembly 9.
  • the waste heat boiler includes a plurality of heat transfer assemblies 9 parallel to each other in the vertical direction.
  • a plurality of heating tubes 4 adjacent to each other in a same horizontal plane may also be selected to constitute a heat transfer assembly 9.
  • a plurality of heating tubes adjacent to each other in a certain inclined plane may constitute a heat transfer assembly and the waste heat boiler comprises a plurality of heat transfer assemblies parallel with each other in the inclined direction.
  • the hammering device of the present invention for hammering the heating tubes in bundles is described as follows.
  • the hammering device of the waste heat boiler of the present invention comprises a hammering rod 6 connected to the heat transfer assembly 9, and a hammering assembly 7 capable of rapping the hammering rod 6.
  • Each heat transfer assembly 9 is provided with a hammering rod 6.
  • the hammering assembly 7 comprises a horizontally arranged hammering shaft 10, a hammer 11 fixed to the hammer shaft 10, and a driving motor 12 connected to the hammer shaft 10 and capable of controlling the hammer shaft 10 for a reciprocation rotation at a preset speed.
  • Each hammer 11 is arranged at an upper portion or a lateral side of the hammering rod 6.
  • each hammer 11 is corresponding to one hammer rod 6, and a plurality of hammers 11 act consistently along with the rotation of the hammering shaft 10 to achieve effective rapping and dedusting for each heat transfer assembly 9, thereby ensuring the processing of the high-concentration dusts, and preventing the dusts from being accumulated in the heating tubes 4 and the fins 23.
  • the hammer 11 may not hammer the hammering rod 6, while being corresponding to the support assembly, i.e., hammering the support assembly such as the support plate 51, and a good hammering effect can also be achieved.
  • hammering the support plate also provides a choice for designing the hammering device.
  • the hammering rod 6 can be connected to any number of heating tubes 4 adjacent or not adjacent to each other, just by varying the specific shape of the hammering rod 6.
  • the hammering rod 6 can be connected to any number of heating tubes 4 adjacent or not adjacent to each other, just by varying the specific shape of the hammering rod 6.
  • four adjacent heating tubes 4 at the upper right are connected to a rectangular hammering rod 6 for hammering in bundles, which is omitted herein.
  • a better hammering effect can be obtained by rapping each tube bundle, i.e., the heat transfer assembly 9 as described in the present invention.
  • the hammering impact force caused by rapping in bundles will not bring any burden to the heating tubes 4 and the mounting accessories, and the durability is better.
  • the inventor carries out the durability test and the vibration measurement using a hammering device in the same size as the real object.
  • a test of rapping the hammering rod 6 connected to the heating tube 4 from the top and a test of transversely rapping the hammering rod 6 from the lateral side are performed using the interval of the fins 23 and the arrangement of the heating tubes 4 used in the test where exhaust gas from the PH tower of the cement kiln flows in a test apparatus assumed as the PH boiler.
  • the hammering rod 6 is rapped using three types of hammers (large, middle and small) of different hammering forces.
  • a soot blowing device may be provided for dedusting in substitution of the hammering device when necessary.
  • the soot blowing device may be any soot blowing device in the prior art.
  • the soot blowing device 13 comprises an air station 14, a connecting pipe 15, element pipe 16, a lance tube 18 and a control device 20.
  • the element pipe 16 is horizontally arranged and located above the heating tube 4.
  • the axis of the element pipe 16 forms a right angle with the axis of the heating tube 4.
  • the element pipe 16 is connected to the horizontally arranged lance tube 18.
  • One end of the lance tube 18 is connected to a control device 20 capable of driving the lance tube 18 to protrude forward or retract backward.
  • the plane under each element pipe 16 is provided with gas injection holes 17 at an interval. The angle of the element pipe 16 is adjustable.
  • a control component 20 comprises a motor 21 and a mating gear 22 connected to the motor 21.
  • One end of the lance tube 18 passes through a boiler wall 19, and extends out of the boiler wall 19.
  • the structure of that one end is a screw structure.
  • the mating gear 22 is meshed with the screw structure, and the rotation direction of the mating gear 22 is different with the rotation direction of the motor 21, thereby controlling the protrusion and retraction of the lance tube 18.
  • the structure is simple, the performance is stable and reliable when the lance tube 18 is operated to drive the element pipe 16 and the fault will not easily occur.
  • the soot blowing device 13 needs to work, the lance tube 18 is controlled to protrude forward or retract backward through the control component 20, driving the element pipe 16 to move forward and backward.
  • the gas injection holes 17 on the element pipe 16 jets high pressure gas from above downward for cleaning the dusts accumulated on the heating tube 4 and the fin 23.
  • a movable soot blowing device 13 is provided above the heating tube 4, so as to blow dusts downward from the space between the heating tubes 4.
  • the soot blowing device 13 of the present invention not only has a simple structure, but also effectively processes the adhesiveness dusts on the heating tube 4 with the fins 23 to avoid them being blocked, thereby ensuring that the heating tube has a high heat transfer performance, and improving the heat recovery efficiency of the boiler.
  • the fins 23 may be provided on the heating tube 4, which effectively expands the heat transfer area, improves the heat transfer performance, and efficiently reduces the cost of the heating tube and the whole boiler, without increasing the volume or number of the heating tube.
  • the number of the heat transfer assemblies 9, i.e., the number of the heating tubes may be further increased, so as to expand the heat transfer area of the heating tubes in the boiler, and improve the entire heat recovery efficiency of the waste heat boiler.
  • the heating tube mounting structure of the present invention can be used.
  • the hammering effect can also be improved by rapping the whole bundles of all the heating tubes of the waste heat boiler using the existing hammering device.
  • the waste heat boiler of the present invention overcomes the technical prejudice that the fin structure of the heating tube is not combined with the hammering device to deal with the dusts in the prior art.
  • a waste heat boiler with a high heat transfer performance, a low cost and a stable operation is obtained, which can recover the high or ultra-high temperature dusts of various concentrations and high adhesiveness.
  • the horizontally arranged heating tubes with the fins are used and parallel to each other (grid tube arrangement).
  • the ends of a certain number of heating tubes are fixedly connected through the hammering rod of the hammering device, and then the uppermost portion or the lateral side of the hammering rod is rapped, so that dedusting by rapping for a plurality of heating tubes is achieved by arranging a hammering assembly.
  • a movable soot blowing device 13 is provided above the heating tube, so as to blow dusts downward from the space between the heating tubes.
  • the waste heat boiler of the present invention not only has a simple structure, but also effectively processes the adhesiveness dusts on the heating tube with the fins to avoid them being blocked, thereby ensuring that the heating tube has a high heat transfer performance, and improving the heat recovery efficiency of the boiler.
  • the principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1; the heating tube mounting structure, the hammering device and the soot blowing device have the same structures as those in Embodiment 1, and the bundling manner of heating tubes is also the same as that in Embodiment 1, which are omitted herein.
  • the differences lie in that the waste heat boiler is horizontal, the heating tubes 4 are in a vertical grid tube arrangement, and the lower end portion of the heating tube 4 can be placed on a certain support 50.
  • the left and right portions of the boiler 1 are provided with an exhaust gas inlet 2 and an exhaust gas outlet 3, respectively.
  • the heating tube 4 orderly passes through a plurality of open holes 52 (not illustrated) of the support plate 51 serving as the support hole portions arranged in the up and down direction.
  • the fins 23 on the heating tube 4 are perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4 and protruded in the axial direction of the heating tube. In a preferred example, the fins 23 are provided as being substantially consistent with the flow direction of the exhaust gas indicated by the arrow.
  • the fins 23 are provided at opposite two sides upstream and downstream the exhaust gas flow of the heating tube 4 and no fin 23 is provided at the two sides of the heating tube 4 perpendiculars to the exhaust gas flow, so as to avoid energy loss.
  • the fins 23 are discontinuous in the axial direction, i.e., a plurality of segments of fins 23 are provided in the length direction of the heating tube, such that the exhaust gas passes through the gap 24 between the fins 23, thereby increasing the amount of heat transfer between the exhaust gas and the heating tube.
  • the gap 24 between the fins 23 can be used as a place for cooperation with the support assembly.
  • continuous fins 23 in the axial direction can also be used.
  • the heating tubes 4 are vertically arranged, the surface of the heating tube 4 and the surface of the fin 23 are still in the same direction with the dust gravity, and the dusts will not be easily adhered.
  • the hammering device can rap the upper end of the heating tube 4 or the support assembly.
  • Embodiment 1 Based on this embodiment, the same effect as that of Embodiment 1 can be achieved and it is omitted herein.
  • the waste heat boiler of this embodiment uses the same heating tube mounting structure, rapping device and soot blowing device as those in Embodiments 1 and 2.
  • the differences lie in that the finned tubes in Embodiments 1 and 2 are replaced with the bare tubes.
  • this embodiment still can achieve excellent hammering effect.
  • the existing PH waste heat boiler can be improved to recover the exhaust gas with a high temperature of 300°C to 500°C, a dust concentration of 10g/Nm3 to 100g/Nm3, and high adhesiveness.
  • the waste heat boiler of this embodiment uses the same heating tube mounting structure as that in Embodiments 1 and 2.
  • the difference lies in that the heating tubes with fins in Embodiments 1 and 2 are replaced with the spiral fin heating tubes in the prior art, i.e., the AQC waste heat boiler with the spiral fin heating tubes is improved with the heating tube mounting structure of the present invention.
  • the heating tube mounting structure of the present invention Based on the heating tube mounting structure of the present invention, an excellent hammering effect can be achieved.
  • the exhaust gas with a high temperature of 300°C to 500°C, a dust concentration of 10g/Nm3 to 100g/Nm3, and high adhesiveness can also be effectively recovered.
  • the existing AQC waste heat boiler since it usually does not include the hammering device, in one example, only the heating tube mounting structure of the AQC waste heat boiler is replaced with the mounting structure of the present invention, and a hammering device is additionally provided.
  • the fins 23 perpendicularly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4 and protruded along the outer peripheral surface, as illustrated in Figs. 2 to 4 in Embodiment 1, can also be applied to the vertically arranged heating tubes.
  • the fins 23 perpendicularly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 4 and protruded along the axial direction of the heating tube 4, as illustrated in Figs. 9 to 10 can also be applied to the horizontally arranged heating tubes.
  • the spiral fins can be applied to the vertically or horizontally arranged heating tubes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP16748738.8A 2015-02-12 2016-02-06 Waste heat boiler Active EP3258168B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520104147.5U CN204460245U (zh) 2015-02-12 2015-02-12 一种用于热量回收锅炉的吹气装置
CN201510076305.5A CN104696937A (zh) 2015-02-12 2015-02-12 一种对废气进行热量回收的锅炉
PCT/CN2016/073724 WO2016127937A2 (zh) 2015-02-12 2016-02-06 余热锅炉

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3258168A2 EP3258168A2 (en) 2017-12-20
EP3258168A4 EP3258168A4 (en) 2019-02-20
EP3258168B1 true EP3258168B1 (en) 2023-07-12

Family

ID=60293669

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16748738.8A Active EP3258168B1 (en) 2015-02-12 2016-02-06 Waste heat boiler

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3258168B1 (ja)
JP (2) JP6491360B2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2955103T3 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111256099B (zh) 2018-11-30 2021-11-30 川崎重工业株式会社 废热回收锅炉
CN116067215B (zh) * 2023-04-06 2023-06-02 厦门铭光能源科技有限公司 一种抗积灰烟气余热回收装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1138794B (de) * 1960-02-19 1962-10-31 Walther & Cie Ag Heissdampf-Oberflaechenkuehler
JPS5219258Y2 (ja) * 1973-07-13 1977-05-02
US3885530A (en) * 1974-07-03 1975-05-27 Exxon Research Engineering Co Shield tube supports
JPS6130077Y2 (ja) * 1980-12-25 1986-09-03
US4442800A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-04-17 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Single drum all-welded boiler
JPS5941797A (ja) * 1982-05-14 1984-03-08 Toshiba Corp 熱交換器の組立方法
JPS62252817A (ja) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ス−ツブロワ装置
JP2001012896A (ja) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-19 Babcock Hitachi Kk 伝熱管への煤塵又は水滴の付着防止装置
JP2002295989A (ja) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-09 Babcock Hitachi Kk フィン付伝熱管およびその支持構造
WO2015001666A1 (ja) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 川崎重工業株式会社 廃熱ボイラ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019023559A (ja) 2019-02-14
ES2955103T3 (es) 2023-11-28
EP3258168A4 (en) 2019-02-20
JP6491360B2 (ja) 2019-03-27
JP2018508739A (ja) 2018-03-29
EP3258168A2 (en) 2017-12-20

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