EP3239611A1 - Dispositif, procédé et programme de commande de combustion et support d'enregistrement lisible par ordinateur - Google Patents

Dispositif, procédé et programme de commande de combustion et support d'enregistrement lisible par ordinateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3239611A1
EP3239611A1 EP15872951.7A EP15872951A EP3239611A1 EP 3239611 A1 EP3239611 A1 EP 3239611A1 EP 15872951 A EP15872951 A EP 15872951A EP 3239611 A1 EP3239611 A1 EP 3239611A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excess air
boiler
air ratio
heat loss
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15872951.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3239611B1 (fr
EP3239611A4 (fr
Inventor
Yasuo INAMURA
Shuji Ozawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Publication of EP3239611A1 publication Critical patent/EP3239611A1/fr
Publication of EP3239611A4 publication Critical patent/EP3239611A4/fr
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Publication of EP3239611B1 publication Critical patent/EP3239611B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/22—Measuring heat losses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05001—Measuring CO content in flue gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion control system which controls combustion of fuel in a boiler, a combustion control method, a combustion control program, and a computer readable recording medium.
  • the amount of theoretical combustion air is a minimum amount of air required for combustion per unit fuel.
  • the CO concentration is suppressed by increasing the excess air ratio to prevent generation of smoke such as black smoke.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph schematically illustrating a relationship among an excess air ratio, a heat loss and heat efficiency.
  • a straight line 101 indicates a heat loss caused by excess air
  • a curved line 102 indicates a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion.
  • the emission amount of excess air increases as the excess air ratio becomes larger than one according to the straight line 101, and thus, the heat loss increases and the fuel cost also increases.
  • the heat loss caused by generation of CO increases as incomplete combustion occurs when the excess air ratio is small according to the curved line 102, and smoke is generated when the excess air ratio exceeds a certain threshold.
  • a curved line 201 in the dotted line indicates heat efficiency of a boiler.
  • the heat efficiency becomes maximum in a zone D 1 including an excess air ratio at which the heat loss caused by the excess air and the heat loss caused by the incomplete combustion are at the same level, and the excess air ratio decreases as being spaced apart from the zone D 1 . Accordingly, theoretically, it is possible to cause the boiler to operate the most efficientl when the combustion control is performed in the zone D 1 .
  • the zone D 1 illustrated in FIG. 8 will be referred to as an ultra-low excess air combustion zone.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-21808 Summary
  • Patent Literature 1 sets the O 2 concentration as a main control target and performs control just for suppression of an increase in regard to the CO concentration. That is, the technique described in Patent Literature 1 basically performs the control in a zone D 2 (hereinafter, referred to as a normal optimum combustion zone D 2 ) where the excess air ratio is relatively small in a zone having the excess air ratio larger than that of the ultra-low excess air combustion zone D 1 illustrated in FIG. 8 , and jut performs the control in the vicinity of a boundary between the ultra-low excess air combustion zone D 1 and the normal optimum combustion zone D 2 when the CO concentration increases.
  • a zone D 2 hereinafter, referred to as a normal optimum combustion zone D 2
  • jut performs the control in the vicinity of a boundary between the ultra-low excess air combustion zone D 1 and the normal optimum combustion zone D 2 when the CO concentration increases.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a combustion control system, a combustion control method, a combustion control program, and a computer readable recording medium capable of simply suppressing a heat loss of an exhaust gas regardless of a type or a load of a boiler.
  • a combustion control system for controlling combustion of fuel in a boiler.
  • the combustion control system includes: an excess air ratio setting unit configured to set an excess air ratio which is a ratio of an amount of air to be input to the boiler relative to an amount of theoretical combustion air, based on a main steam flow rate from the boiler; an excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit configured to calculate a correction amount of the excess air ratio to make a heat loss caused by excess air and a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion be substantially equal to each other, based on oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in an exhaust gas from the boiler; and an oxygen control unit configured to generate an air setting correction signal for correcting a setting value of the air amount, based on an excess air ratio corrected using the correction amount and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • the excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit of the combustion control system is configured to calculate the correction amount of the excess air ratio using a first simplified heat loss calculation formula obtained by excluding calorie of the exhaust gas of the boiler from the first heat loss calculation formula and a second simplified heat loss calculation formula obtained by excluding an exhaust gas flow rate of the boiler from the second heat loss calculation formula.
  • the first heat loss calculation formula of the combustion control system according to the present invention includes an incomplete combustion factor which is a constant to prevent the carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas from exceeding a regulation value.
  • the excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit of the combustion control system is configured to calculate the correction amount of the excess air ratio further using a third heat loss calculation formula to calculate a heat loss as an upper limit of an amount of carbon monoxide emission based on a set regulation value of the amount of the carbon monoxide emission.
  • the excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit of the combustion control system is configured to calculate the correction amount of the excess air ratio further using a third simplified heat loss calculation formula obtained by excluding calorie of the exhaust gas of the boiler from the third heat loss calculation formula.
  • the combustion control system further includes an air-rich control unit configured to: perform control to increase a setting value of fuel to be supplied to the boiler after increasing a setting value of an amount of air to be supplied to the boiler first at time of increasing a load of the boiler; and perform control to decrease the setting value of the amount of air supplied to the boiler after decreasing the setting value of the fuel to be supplied to the boiler first at time of decreasing the load of the boiler.
  • an air-rich control unit configured to: perform control to increase a setting value of fuel to be supplied to the boiler after increasing a setting value of an amount of air to be supplied to the boiler first at time of increasing a load of the boiler; and perform control to decrease the setting value of the amount of air supplied to the boiler after decreasing the setting value of the fuel to be supplied to the boiler first at time of decreasing the load of the boiler.
  • a combustion control method is a combustion control method to control combustion of fuel in a boiler.
  • the combustion control method includes: an excess air ratio setting step of setting an excess air ratio which is a ratio of an amount of air to be input to the boiler relative to an amount of theoretical combustion air, based on a main steam flow rate from the boiler; an excess air ratio correction amount calculation step of calculating a correction amount of the excess air ratio to make a heat loss caused by excess air and a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion be substantially equal to each other, based on oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in an exhaust gas from the boiler; and an oxygen control step of generating an air setting correction signal for correcting a setting value of the air amount based on an excess air ratio corrected using the correction amount and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • a combustion control program is a combustion control program that causes a combustion control system, which controls combustion of fuel in a boiler, to execute: an excess air ratio setting step of setting an excess air ratio which is a ratio of an amount of air to be input to the boiler relative to an amount of theoretical combustion air, based on a main steam flow rate from the boiler; an excess air ratio correction amount calculation step of calculating a correction amount of the excess air ratio to make a heat loss caused by excess air and a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion be substantially equal to each other, based on oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in an exhaust gas from the boiler; and an oxygen control step of generating an air setting correction signal for correcting a setting value of the air amount based on an excess air ratio corrected using the correction amount and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • a non-transitory computer readable recording medium in which an executable program is recorded is a non-transitory computer readable recording medium in which an executable program is recorded, the program instructing a processor to execute: setting an excess air ratio which is a ratio of an amount of air to be input to the boiler relative to an amount of theoretical combustion air, based on a main steam flow rate from the boiler; calculating a correction amount of the excess air ratio to make a heat loss caused by excess air and a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion be substantially equal to each other, based on oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in an exhaust gas from the boiler; and generating an air setting correction signal for correcting a setting value of the air amount based on an excess air ratio corrected using the correction amount and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • the present invention it is possible to simply suppress the heat loss of the exhaust gas regardless of the type and the load of the boiler by calculating a correction amount of an excess air ratio to make a heat loss caused by excess air and a heat loss caused by incomplete combustion be substantially equal to each other, based on oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas from the boiler.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a combustion system which includes a combustion control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a combustion system 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is provided with a boiler 2 which burns a fuel to generate steam and discharge an exhaust gas (combustion gas) caused by the combustion of fuel via a discharge path such as a chimney and a combustion control system 3 which comprehensively controls an operation of the combustion system 1.
  • the combustion system 1 has various instruments to measure or set each of a fuel flow rate and an air flow rate that flow into the boiler 2, the main steam flow rate and the main steam pressure at a steam outlet of the boiler 2, temperature of an exhaust gas, O 2 concentration, and CO concentration at an exhaust gas outlet of the boiler 2, the ambient temperature of the boiler 2.
  • the air flow rate input into the boiler 2 is adjusted by an inverter or an air damper based on the control of the combustion control system 3.
  • a type of the boiler 2 is not particularly limited in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the combustion control system 3 according to the first embodiment.
  • the combustion control system 3 illustrated in FIG. 2 is provided with a boiler master control unit 4, a fuel control unit 5, an air control unit 6, an air-rich control unit 7, an excess air ratio characteristic storage unit 8, an excess air ratio setting unit 9, an excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit 10, an O 2 control unit (oxygen control unit) 11, an excess air ratio lower limit control unit 12, adders 13 and 14, and a high selector 15.
  • the boiler master control unit 4 generates a boiler master signal to set an operation of the boiler 2, that is, an increase or a decrease of output of the boiler 2 based on measured values of the main steam flow rate and the main steam pressure, and outputs the generated signal to the air-rich control unit 7.
  • the boiler master signal is a signal to control the boiler 2 such that the main steam pressure is constant and includes each setting signal of the air flow rate and the fuel flow rate.
  • the fuel control unit 5 performs control of the fuel flow rate using the setting signal of the fuel flow rate (hereinafter, referred to as a fuel setting signal), which is set based on the boiler master signal, as a target.
  • the fuel control unit 5 is configured using, for example, a PID controller and outputs a signal to adjust an opening position of a fuel valve that inputs the fuel into the boiler 2.
  • the air control unit 6 performs control of the air flow rate using the setting signal of the air flow rate (hereinafter, referred to as an air setting signal), which is set based on the boiler master signal and an O 2 concentration correction signal of the O 2 control unit 11 to be described later, as a target.
  • the air control unit 6 outputs a control signal to control the inverter or the air damper according to the air setting signal.
  • the control signal for air is output to the high selector 15.
  • the air control unit 6 is configured using, for example, a PID controller.
  • the air-rich control unit 7 performs air-rich control to form excess air by increasing increase the O 2 concentration and setting the CO concentration to substantially zero, for example, at the time of changing the boiler load of the boiler 2.
  • the air-rich control unit 7 performs control using a difference in responsiveness between fuel and air.
  • the air-rich control unit 7 performs control at the time of increasing the boiler load such that a setting value of the fuel to be supplied to the boiler 2 is increased after a setting value of the amount of air to be supplied to the boiler 2 is increased first.
  • the air-rich control unit 7 performs control at the time of decreasing the boiler load such that the setting value of the amount of air to be supplied to the boiler 2 is decreased after the setting value of the fuel to be supplied to the boiler 2 is decreased first.
  • the air-rich control unit 7 outputs the air setting signal and the fuel setting signal included in the boiler master signal when the boiler load does not change.
  • the excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit 10 calculates an amount corresponding to the heat loss caused by the excess air using a measured value of the O 2 concentration and an amount corresponding to the heat loss caused by the incomplete combustion using a measured value of the CO concentration, and calculates the correction amount of the excess air ratio by comparing the two amounts.
  • the heat loss caused by the excess air and the heat loss caused by the incomplete combustion will be described, and then, a relationship among these heat losses and the amount actually calculated by the excess air ratio correction amount calculation unit 10 will be described.
  • a heat loss L CO caused by incomplete combustion is given by the following Formula (2) (example of a second heat loss calculation formula).
  • L CO G ⁇ D CO out ⁇ H CO

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP15872951.7A 2014-12-25 2015-12-18 Dispositif, procédé et programme de commande de combustion et support d'enregistrement lisible par ordinateur Active EP3239611B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014262911 2014-12-25
JP2015065745 2015-06-01
PCT/JP2015/085575 WO2016104383A1 (fr) 2014-12-25 2015-12-18 Dispositif, procédé et programme de commande de combustion et support d'enregistrement lisible par ordinateur

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EP3239611A1 true EP3239611A1 (fr) 2017-11-01
EP3239611A4 EP3239611A4 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3239611B1 EP3239611B1 (fr) 2021-03-24

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EP (1) EP3239611B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6135831B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN106796029A (fr)
TW (1) TWI677649B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016104383A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108763651A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-11-06 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 一种从锅炉运行数据中提取燃烧器配风挡板过流特性的方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109899829A (zh) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-18 伍育毅 一种节能燃烧控制系统
CN110851968B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2023-06-06 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 干排渣钢带电机频率控制方法及装置
KR102293265B1 (ko) * 2019-12-20 2021-08-24 주식회사 포스코 배가스 처리 장치
CN111666530B (zh) * 2020-04-23 2023-09-01 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 基于成分修正的燃气燃烧计算方法
CN113915601A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2022-01-11 中国五环工程有限公司 燃油燃气锅炉空燃比自动控制系统及控制方法

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JPS62166219A (ja) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-22 Yokogawa Electric Corp 燃焼プロセスの低過剰空気率運転制御装置
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108763651A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-11-06 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 一种从锅炉运行数据中提取燃烧器配风挡板过流特性的方法
CN108763651B (zh) * 2018-04-28 2022-04-12 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 一种从锅炉运行数据中提取燃烧器配风挡板过流特性的方法

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JP6135831B2 (ja) 2017-05-31
JPWO2016104383A1 (ja) 2017-04-27
EP3239611B1 (fr) 2021-03-24
CN106796029A (zh) 2017-05-31
WO2016104383A1 (fr) 2016-06-30
TWI677649B (zh) 2019-11-21
TW201638528A (zh) 2016-11-01
EP3239611A4 (fr) 2018-08-15

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