EP3222576A1 - Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane - Google Patents
Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3222576A1 EP3222576A1 EP17165275.3A EP17165275A EP3222576A1 EP 3222576 A1 EP3222576 A1 EP 3222576A1 EP 17165275 A EP17165275 A EP 17165275A EP 3222576 A1 EP3222576 A1 EP 3222576A1
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- Prior art keywords
- crane
- ballast
- ballastiervorrichtung
- base plate
- plates
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
- B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, in particular a crawler crane, with a base plate and a plurality of stackable ballast plates.
- the rear ballast or ballast in general is the reduction or compensation of the acting tilting moment.
- the rear ballast in the crane is usually located on the rotatable top and in the opposite direction to the load. In the caterpillar crane, the rear ballast is so far fixed to the rear of the superstructure.
- the forces and moments acting on the machine may change abruptly, for example by increasing or decreasing the load on the load.
- Stationary tail ballasts do not allow flexible adaptation to the changed operating conditions. Increases, for example, the effective tilting moment by increasing the working radius, so the stability of the Machine off because the balancing rear ballast torque remains constant due to the fixed position of the ballast to the superstructure. Remedy only a complex increase in the ballast weight by receiving more ballast plates.
- ballast devices are already known from the prior art.
- a solution for adjusting the rear ballast during crane operation is in the EP 2 281 771 A1 disclosed.
- the rear ballast is moved horizontally over a complex rail or telescopic mechanism, ie the ballast can either be approached closer to the crane superstructure or alternatively moved further away.
- the overall machine width is usually defined by the rear ballast.
- the rear ballast When passing through bottlenecks on the construction site, it may therefore be necessary to disassemble the rear ballast, which unnecessarily increases the resulting set-up time and thus reduces the operational readiness of the machine.
- a solution to this problem that makes the costly disassembly superfluous, is not known from the prior art.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to show a novel construction of a Ballastiervoriques for a rear ballast, which knows how to overcome the above problems.
- ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure according to the features of claim 1.
- Advantageous Embodiments of the ballast device are the subject of the dependent claims subsequent to the main claim.
- a ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure in particular a crawler crane
- a base plate on which one or more connection points, preferably Verbolzstellen, are provided for mounting on the rear of a crane superstructure.
- connection points preferably Verbolzstellen
- at least two support plates are hinged to the base plate pivotally about vertical axes.
- the support plates may be pivotably articulated about a common pivot axis, but are preferably offset from each other separate pivot axes of the support plates.
- the carrier plates serve to receive and stack individual ballast plates. It is a particularly simple construction of a movable rear ballast shown whose production and assembly compared to the known solutions from the prior art is less expensive and therefore less expensive. In addition, this device allows flexible adaptation of the total width of the ballast. In this case, it is preferable that the carrier plates are rearwardly, i. in assembly position, pivot behind the rear of the crane or behind the base plate.
- these can each be pivoted about 90 ° in the direction of travel behind the base plate.
- the width dimension of the ballast device can be significantly reduced temporarily and thus the track width can be reduced in certain crane models.
- a passage of bottlenecks on the construction site can be possible without dismantling the ballast. This saves set-up time and thus increases the operational readiness of the crane.
- the carrier plates are each pivotally connected via a support arm hinged to the base plate.
- the articulation of the support arm is preferably via a finger-fork connection with the base plate.
- the drive of the carrier plates or the carrier arms can be effected via a common actuator, in which case both carrier arms are actuated or pivotable synchronously with each other.
- separate actuators can be used to provide a separate actuation of the carrier plates can.
- the actuator is a rotary drive is used, for example, drives the pivot axis of the support arms directly.
- a linear drive preferably in the form of a lifting cylinder apply.
- gear means are necessary to convert the linear motion into the rotational movement.
- the actuator or drive can be electric or hydraulic.
- the lifting cylinder used is preferably equipped with a lowering brake.
- a rotary drive which can be equipped with adequate braking or fixing means.
- the one or more actuators and any mechanical coupling means are at least largely stored on the base plate.
- any connection points for the power supply of the actuators may be arranged freely accessible on the base plate to ensure easy installation of the ballast on the crane superstructure including the connection necessaryy power supply lines to power the one or more actuators from the upper or undercarriage.
- At least one pinion per carrier plate which can be driven by the actuator or actuators is provided, which meshes directly or indirectly in an associated toothing of the carrier plate or of the carrier arm or drives it.
- the spur gear can be single or multi-stage, especially if an adjustment of the direction of rotation for the respective support arm is necessary.
- the at least two pinions are mechanically connected to one another via a coupling rod in order to transmit the rotational movement of a pinion to the coupled pinion.
- both pinions can be driven synchronously by a single actuator.
- At least one pinion comprises a firmly connected actuating lever for coupling to the piston rod of an actuator in the form of a lifting cylinder.
- the linear movement of the piston rod can be converted particularly easily into a rotational movement of the pinion.
- the lifting cylinder is also articulated movably on the base plate.
- a suitable sensor for measuring the ballast position can be constructed for example in the form of a sensor for measuring the angle of rotation of a rotary drive or for measuring the pivot angle of the carrier plates.
- a sensor for measuring the angle of rotation it makes sense to carry out this with a redundant cam limit, which serves to secure the angle measurement.
- the use of a sensor for detecting the stroke of an actuator in the form of a lifting cylinder offers.
- the present invention also relates to a crane, in particular a crawler crane, with an uppercarriage and at least one ballasting device arranged at the rear area according to the present invention.
- the crane thus has the same advantages and properties such as the ballast according to the invention, which is why at this point can be dispensed with a repetitive description.
- the crane comprises a crane control, which calculates the influence of the position of the carrier plates and the associated center of gravity displacement on the possible load capacity of the crane. This makes it possible to use this influence also for the load torque limit of the crane control, so that it can always be optimally adapted to the current ballast situation.
- FIGS. 1a, 1b This is suitable for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, so that the ballast 10 and the ballast 23 is arranged in the opposite direction to the load on the crane and counteracts the tilting moment acting through the load.
- the ballast 10 is thus a rear ballast.
- the device 10 comprises a base plate 20, on which two ballast towers 21, 22 are arranged pivotably.
- the ballast towers 21, 22 each comprise a plurality of ballast plates 23 stacked on one another.
- the base plate 20 can be the ballast 10 usually mounted on the crane superstructure, for example, bolt on suitable Verbolzstellen on the superstructure frame.
- FIG. 1a shows the ballast 10 in the regular starting position in which the ballast towers 21, 22 are pivoted to the side.
- the ballast 10 corresponds to a conventional rear ballast on crawler cranes with respect to the physical dimension, which is mounted at the rear of the superstructure.
- Figure 1 b is the core idea of the present invention, according to which both ballast towers 21, 22 are pivotable backwards. In this position, the distance between the superstructure and ballast plates 23 is maximum, so that the overall center of gravity of the ballast plates is changed relative to the crane.
- the concrete structure of the ballast 10 is now based on the Figures 2 . 3 be explained further.
- the pivoting rear ballast 10 is based on the base plate 20, on the via a finger-fork connection 27 support arms 24, 25th pivotable about the vertical axes A, A 'are hinged.
- At the free end of the support arms 24, 25 support plates 7, 8 are provided, on the surface of ballast plates 23 are stackable.
- the base area of the carrier plates 7, 8 essentially corresponds to the base area of the ballast plates 23.
- Both support arms 24, 25 are thus pivoted about laterally offset vertical axes A, A '.
- a lifting cylinder 9 The piston rod or the eye of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 9 is pivoted at the end to an actuating lever 11 of the first pinion 1 pivotally. As a result, the linear movement of the lifting cylinder 9 is converted into the necessary rotational work of the pinion 1.
- a coupling rod 6 is also rotatably mounted, which serves for transmitting power via the lifting cylinder 9 applied force to a second pinion 2.
- This pinion 2 also includes an actuating lever 26 which is pivotally connected to the coupling rod 6 at the end.
- the toothing of the pinion 2 engages in a further gear 4 that the toothing 5 of the left support arm 24 meshes.
- the pinion 1 meshes accordingly with a toothing 3 of the right support arm 25.
- the load torque limit of the crane control can be optimally utilized in each ballast position.
- either the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9 or the angle of rotation of the ballast towers 21, 22 can be measured.
- the hydraulically operated lifting cylinder 9 is equipped with a lowering brake.
- the rotary encoder is equipped with a redundant cam limit switch to safeguard the angle measurement.
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Abstract
Ballastiervorrichtung (10) zur Anbringung am Heck eines Kranoberwagens, insbesondere eines Raupenkrans, mit einer Grundplatte (20) und einer Vielzahl an stapelbaren Ballastplatten, wobei an der Grundplatte (20) wenigstens zwei Trägerplatten (7, 8) zur Aufnahme von gestapelten Ballastplatten um vertikale Schwenkachsen (A, A') schwenkbar angelenkt sind.Ballasting device (10) for attachment to the rear of a crane truck, in particular a crawler crane, with a base plate (20) and a plurality of stackable ballast plates, wherein on the base plate (20) at least two support plates (7, 8) for receiving stacked ballast plates to vertical Swivel axes (A, A ') are hinged pivotally.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ballastiervorrichtung zur Anbringung am Heck eines Kranoberwagens, insbesondere eines Raupenkrans, mit einer Grundplatte und einer Vielzahl stapelbarer Ballastplatten.The invention relates to a ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, in particular a crawler crane, with a base plate and a plurality of stackable ballast plates.
Für eine frei auf einem Untergrund stehende Maschine, wie z.B. ein Raupenkran, besteht grundsätzlich eine Kippgefahr, wenn das durch Einwirkung von Last und Eigengewicht hervorgerufene Kippmoment größer wird als das Standmoment der Maschine. Die Funktion des Heckballastes oder Ballastes im Allgemeinen liegt in der Reduktion bzw. im Ausgleich des wirkenden Kippmomentes. Der Heckballast beim Kran ist gewöhnlich am drehbaren Oberteil und in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur Traglast angeordnet. Beim Raupenkran wird der Heckballast bisher am Heck des Oberwagens ortsfest angeordnet.For a free-standing machine, e.g. A crawler crane, there is a risk of tipping, if the tipping moment caused by the action of load and own weight is greater than the stall torque of the machine. The function of the rear ballast or ballast in general is the reduction or compensation of the acting tilting moment. The rear ballast in the crane is usually located on the rotatable top and in the opposite direction to the load. In the caterpillar crane, the rear ballast is so far fixed to the rear of the superstructure.
Während des Kranbetriebes können sich die auf die Maschine wirkenden Kräfte und Momente schlagartig ändern, beispielsweise durch eine Erhöhung oder Verringerung der Ausladung der Last. Ortsfeste Heckballaste erlauben keine flexible Anpassung an die geänderten Betriebsbedingungen. Erhöht sich z.B. das wirkende Kippmoment durch Erhöhung des Arbeitsradius, so nimmt die Standsicherheit der Maschine ab, da das ausgleichende Heckballastmoment durch die ortsfeste Lage des Ballastes zum Oberwagen konstant bleibt. Abhilfe schafft nur eine aufwendige Erhöhung des Ballastgewichtes durch Aufnahme weiterer Ballastplatten.During crane operation, the forces and moments acting on the machine may change abruptly, for example by increasing or decreasing the load on the load. Stationary tail ballasts do not allow flexible adaptation to the changed operating conditions. Increases, for example, the effective tilting moment by increasing the working radius, so the stability of the Machine off because the balancing rear ballast torque remains constant due to the fixed position of the ballast to the superstructure. Remedy only a complex increase in the ballast weight by receiving more ballast plates.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist bereits der Einsatz beweglicher Ballastiervorrichtungen bekannt. Eine Lösung zur Einstellung des Heckballastes während des Kranbetriebes wird in der
Eine ähnliche Variante ist aus der
Beide Lösungen erfordern jedoch eine vergleichsweise komplexe Ballastbetätigungskonstruktion.Both solutions, however, require a comparatively complex ballast actuation design.
Bei kleindimensionierten Maschinen wird die gesamte Maschinenbreite üblicherweise durch den Heckballast definiert. Beim Passieren von Engstellen auf der Baustelle kann es daher notwendig sein, den Heckballast zu demontieren, was die resultierende Rüstzeit unnötig erhöht und somit die Einsatzbereitschaft der Maschine reduziert. Eine Lösung dieses Problems, dass die aufwendige Demontage überflüssig macht, ist aus dem Stand der Technik bisher nicht bekannt.For small sized machines, the overall machine width is usually defined by the rear ballast. When passing through bottlenecks on the construction site, it may therefore be necessary to disassemble the rear ballast, which unnecessarily increases the resulting set-up time and thus reduces the operational readiness of the machine. A solution to this problem that makes the costly disassembly superfluous, is not known from the prior art.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, eine neuartige Konstruktion einer Ballastiervorrichtung für einen Heckballast aufzuzeigen, die die obengenannte Problematik zu überwinden weiß.The object of the present invention is therefore to show a novel construction of a Ballastiervorrichtung for a rear ballast, which knows how to overcome the above problems.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Ballastiervorrichtung zur Anbringung am Heck eines Kranoberwagens gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Ballastiervorrichtung sind Gegenstand der sich an den Hauptanspruch anschließenden abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous Embodiments of the ballast device are the subject of the dependent claims subsequent to the main claim.
Gemäß Anspruch 1 wird eine Ballastiervorrichtung zur Anbringung am Heck eines Kranoberwagens, insbesondere eines Raupenkrans, vorgeschlagen, die eine Grundplatte umfasst, an der ein oder mehrere Anschlussstellen, vorzugsweise Verbolzstellen, zur Montage am Heck eines Kranoberwagens vorgesehen sind. Erfindungsgemäß sind an der Grundplatte wenigstens zwei Trägerplatten schwenkbar um Vertikalachsen angelenkt. Die Trägerplatten können um eine gemeinsame Schwenkachse schwenkbar angelenkt sein, bevorzugt sind jedoch zueinander versetzt liegende separate Schwenkachsen der Trägerplatten.According to claim 1, a ballast device for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, in particular a crawler crane is proposed, which comprises a base plate on which one or more connection points, preferably Verbolzstellen, are provided for mounting on the rear of a crane superstructure. According to the invention, at least two support plates are hinged to the base plate pivotally about vertical axes. The support plates may be pivotably articulated about a common pivot axis, but are preferably offset from each other separate pivot axes of the support plates.
Die Trägerplatten dienen zur Aufnahme und Stapelung einzelner Ballastplatten. Es wird eine besonders einfache Konstruktion eines beweglichen Heckballastes aufgezeigt, deren Produktion und Montage gegenüber den bekannten Lösungen aus dem Stand der Technik weniger aufwändig und daher kostengünstiger ist. Zudem erlaubt diese Vorrichtung eine flexible Anpassung der Gesamtbreite der Ballastiervorrichtung. In diesem Fall ist es bevorzugt, dass sich die Trägerplatten nach hinten, d.h. in Montageposition hinter das Kranheck bzw. hinter die Grundplatte verschwenken lassen.The carrier plates serve to receive and stack individual ballast plates. It is a particularly simple construction of a movable rear ballast shown whose production and assembly compared to the known solutions from the prior art is less expensive and therefore less expensive. In addition, this device allows flexible adaptation of the total width of the ballast. In this case, it is preferable that the carrier plates are rearwardly, i. in assembly position, pivot behind the rear of the crane or behind the base plate.
Idealerweise lassen sich diese jeweils um circa 90° in Fahrtrichtung gesehen hinter die Grundplatte verschwenken. Dadurch kann die Breitenabmessung der Ballastvorrichtung temporär deutlich verringert und somit bei bestimmten Kranmodellen die Spurbreite reduziert werden. Ein Passieren von Engstellen auf der Baustelle kann ohne Demontage der Ballastiervorrichtung möglich sein. Dies spart Rüstzeit und erhöht somit die Einsatzbereitschaft des Krans.Ideally, these can each be pivoted about 90 ° in the direction of travel behind the base plate. As a result, the width dimension of the ballast device can be significantly reduced temporarily and thus the track width can be reduced in certain crane models. A passage of bottlenecks on the construction site can be possible without dismantling the ballast. This saves set-up time and thus increases the operational readiness of the crane.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Trägerplatten jeweils über einen Trägerarm schwenkbar an der Grundplatte angelenkt. Die Anlenkung des Trägerarms erfolgt vorzugsweise über eine Finger-Gabel-Verbindung mit der Grundplatte.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the carrier plates are each pivotally connected via a support arm hinged to the base plate. The articulation of the support arm is preferably via a finger-fork connection with the base plate.
Der Antrieb der Trägerplatten bzw. der Trägerarme kann über einen gemeinsamen Aktuator erfolgen, wobei in diesem Fall beide Trägerarme synchron zueinander betätigt bzw. verschwenkbar sind. Alternativ lassen sich separate Aktuatoren einsetzen, um eine getrennte Betätigung der Trägerplatten bereitstellen zu können.The drive of the carrier plates or the carrier arms can be effected via a common actuator, in which case both carrier arms are actuated or pivotable synchronously with each other. Alternatively, separate actuators can be used to provide a separate actuation of the carrier plates can.
Als Aktuator kommt ein Rotationsantrieb zum Einsatz, der beispielsweise die Schwenkachse der Trägerarme unmittelbar antreibt. Alternativ kann ein Linearantrieb, vorzugsweise in Form eines Hubzylinders Anwendung finden. In diesem Fall sind Getriebemittel notwendig, um die Linearbewegung in die Rotations- bzw. Schwenkbewegung umzuwandeln. Der Aktuator bzw. Antrieb kann elektrisch oder hydraulisch sein.The actuator is a rotary drive is used, for example, drives the pivot axis of the support arms directly. Alternatively, a linear drive, preferably in the form of a lifting cylinder apply. In this case, gear means are necessary to convert the linear motion into the rotational movement. The actuator or drive can be electric or hydraulic.
Um die Position der Trägerplatten in sicherer Position zu halten, ist der verwendete Hubzylinder vorzugsweise mit einer Senkbremse bestückt. Gleiches gilt selbstverständlich für den Einsatz eines Rotationsantriebs, der mit adäquaten Brems- bzw. Fixierungsmitteln ausgestattet sein kann.In order to keep the position of the carrier plates in a secure position, the lifting cylinder used is preferably equipped with a lowering brake. Of course, the same applies to the use of a rotary drive, which can be equipped with adequate braking or fixing means.
Der oder die Aktuatoren sowie etwaige mechanische Kopplungsmittel sind zumindest großteils auf der Grundplatte gelagert. Zudem können etwaige Anschlussstellen für die Energieversorgung der Aktuatoren frei zugänglich an der Grundplatte angeordnet sein, um eine einfache Montage der Ballastiervorrichtung am Kranoberwagen inklusive der Verbindung notweniger Energieversorgungsleitungen zur Energieversorgung der ein oder mehreren Aktuatoren aus dem Ober- bzw. Unterwagen zu gewährleisten.The one or more actuators and any mechanical coupling means are at least largely stored on the base plate. In addition, any connection points for the power supply of the actuators may be arranged freely accessible on the base plate to ensure easy installation of the ballast on the crane superstructure including the connection necesary power supply lines to power the one or more actuators from the upper or undercarriage.
Bei der Verwendung eines einzelnen Aktuators für wenigstens zwei Trägerplatten ist es notwendig, dass mechanische Koppelmittel vorgesehen sind, die den Aktuator mit beiden Trägerplatten bzw. Trägerarmen mechanisch koppeln. Hierbei ist der Einsatz von einem Gestänge und/oder einer Stirnradübersetzung denkbar.When using a single actuator for at least two carrier plates, it is necessary that mechanical coupling means are provided which mechanically couple the actuator to both carrier plates or carrier arms. Here, the use of a linkage and / or a spur gear is conceivable.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist wenigstens ein durch den oder die Aktuatoren antreibbares Ritzel pro Trägerplatte vorgesehen, dass mittelbar oder unmittelbar in einer zugeordneten Verzahnung der Trägerplatte bzw. des Trägerarms kämmt bzw. diese antreibt. Die Stirnradübersetzung kann ein- bzw. mehrstufig sein, insbesondere dann, wenn eine Anpassung der Drehrichtung für den jeweiligen Trägerarm notwendig ist.In a preferred embodiment, at least one pinion per carrier plate which can be driven by the actuator or actuators is provided, which meshes directly or indirectly in an associated toothing of the carrier plate or of the carrier arm or drives it. The spur gear can be single or multi-stage, especially if an adjustment of the direction of rotation for the respective support arm is necessary.
Denkbar ist es, dass die wenigstens zwei Ritzel über eine Koppelstange mechanisch miteinander verbunden sind, um die Drehbewegung eines Ritzels auf das gekoppelte Ritzel zu übertragen. In diesem Fall lassen sich beide Ritzel synchron durch einen einzigen Aktuator antreiben.It is conceivable that the at least two pinions are mechanically connected to one another via a coupling rod in order to transmit the rotational movement of a pinion to the coupled pinion. In this case, both pinions can be driven synchronously by a single actuator.
Möglich ist es, dass wenigstens ein Ritzel einen festverbundenen Betätigungshebel zur Kopplung mit der Kolbenstange eines Aktuators in Form eines Hubzylinders umfasst. Dadurch kann die Linearbewegung der Kolbenstange besonders einfach in eine Rotationsbewegung des Ritzels gewandelt werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist es sinnvoll, wenn der Hubzylinder ebenfalls beweglich auf der Grundplatte angelenkt ist.It is possible that at least one pinion comprises a firmly connected actuating lever for coupling to the piston rod of an actuator in the form of a lifting cylinder. As a result, the linear movement of the piston rod can be converted particularly easily into a rotational movement of the pinion. For this purpose, it makes sense if the lifting cylinder is also articulated movably on the base plate.
Zur Überwachung der Ballastposition bzw. einer entsprechenden Steuerung ist es zweckmäßig, eine geeignete Sensorik zur Messung der Ballastposition vorzusehen. Diese kann beispielsweise in Form einer Sensorik zur Messung des Drehwinkels eines Drehantriebes bzw. zur Messung des Schwenkwinkels der Trägerplatten konstruiert sein. Bei Verwendung einer Sensorik zur Messung des Drehwinkels ist es sinnvoll, diese mit einem redundanten Nockenendschalter auszuführen, der zur Absicherung der Winkelmessung dient. Alternativ bietet sich der Einsatz einer Sensorik zur Erfassung des Hubes eines Aktuators in Form eines Hubzylinders an.To monitor the ballast position or a corresponding control, it is expedient to provide a suitable sensor for measuring the ballast position. This can be constructed for example in the form of a sensor for measuring the angle of rotation of a rotary drive or for measuring the pivot angle of the carrier plates. When using a sensor for measuring the angle of rotation, it makes sense to carry out this with a redundant cam limit, which serves to secure the angle measurement. Alternatively, the use of a sensor for detecting the stroke of an actuator in the form of a lifting cylinder offers.
Neben der erfindungsgemäßen Ballastiervorrichtung betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung zudem einen Kran, insbesondere Raupenkran, mit einem Oberwagen und wenigstens einer am Heckbereich angeordneten Ballastiervorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung. Der Kran zeichnet sich folglich durch dieselben Vorteile und Eigenschaften wie die erfindungsgemäße Ballastiervorrichtung aus, weshalb an dieser Stelle auf eine wiederholende Beschreibung verzichtet werden kann.In addition to the ballasting device according to the invention, the present invention also relates to a crane, in particular a crawler crane, with an uppercarriage and at least one ballasting device arranged at the rear area according to the present invention. The crane thus has the same advantages and properties such as the ballast according to the invention, which is why at this point can be dispensed with a repetitive description.
Weiterhin umfasst der Kran eine Kransteuerung, die den Einfluss der Position der Trägerplatten und der damit verbundenen Schwerpunktverlagerung auf die mögliche Traglast des Krans berechnet. Dadurch besteht die Möglichkeit, diesen Einfluss ebenfalls für die Lastmomentbegrenzung der Kransteuerung heranzuziehen, sodass diese stets optimal auf die aktuelle Ballastiersituation angepasst werden kann.Furthermore, the crane comprises a crane control, which calculates the influence of the position of the carrier plates and the associated center of gravity displacement on the possible load capacity of the crane. This makes it possible to use this influence also for the load torque limit of the crane control, so that it can always be optimally adapted to the current ballast situation.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung sollen im Folgenden anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- perspektivische Darstellungen der erfindungsgemäßen Ballastiervorrichtung mit unterschiedlichen Schwenkpositionen,
- Figur 2a:
- zwei Draufsichten auf die Ballastiervorrichtung gemäß
Figur 1 und - Figur 3:
- eine Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Ballastiervorrichtung inklusive zwei Detaildarstellungen der mechanischen Kopplungsmittel zwischen den schwenkbar angelenkten Trägerplatten.
- FIG. 1:
- perspective views of the ballasting device according to the invention with different pivot positions,
- FIG. 2a:
- two plan views of the ballast according to
FIG. 1 and - FIG. 3:
- a plan view of the ballast according to the invention including two detailed representations of the mechanical coupling means between the pivotally hinged support plates.
Die
Die Vorrichtung 10 umfasst eine Grundplatte 20, an dieser schwenkbar zwei Ballasttürme 21, 22 angeordnet sind. Die Ballasttürme 21, 22 umfassen jeweils eine Vielzahl von aufeinander gestapelten Ballastplatten 23. Mithilfe der Grundplatte 20 lässt sich die Ballastiervorrichtung 10 in üblicherweise am Kranoberwagen montieren, beispielsweise über geeignete Verbolzstellen am Oberwagenrahmen anbolzen.The
Die Darstellung der
Die Möglichkeit zur flexiblen Verlagerung des Schwerpunkts erhöht die Standsicherheit der Maschine und verringert bzw. verteilt in weiterer Folge den wirkenden Bodendruck gleichmäßiger auf die Aufstandfläche. Umgekehrt können bei gleichbleibender Standsicherheit größere Kippmomente übertragen werden. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil liegt auch darin, dass die Grundballastierung bei gleicher Standsicherheit reduziert werden kann. Das verringert das Eigengewicht der Maschine und damit den Bodendruck insgesamt.The possibility of flexibly shifting the center of gravity increases the stability of the machine and subsequently reduces or distributes the effective ground pressure evenly over the contact area. Conversely, with constant stability greater tilting moments can be transmitted. Another significant advantage lies in the fact that the basic ballast can be reduced with the same stability. This reduces the weight of the machine and thus the ground pressure overall.
Als wichtige Nebenfunktion ist die signifikant reduzierte Maschinenbreite bei ausgeschwenkten Ballasttürmen 21, 22 anzuführen (
Der konkrete Aufbau der Ballastiervorrichtung 10 soll nunmehr anhand der
Beide Trägerarme 24, 25 sind somit um seitlich zueinander versetzte Vertikalachsen A, A' schwenkbar angelenkt. Zur Betätigung der Ballasttürme 21, 22 dient im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Am Betätigungshebel 11 ist ebenfalls eine Koppelstange 6 drehbar gelagert, die zur Kraftübertragung der über den Hubzylinder 9 aufgebrachten Kraft auf ein zweites Ritzel 2 dient. Dieses Ritzel 2 umfasst ebenfalls einen Betätigungshebel 26, der endseitig schwenkbar mit der Koppelstange 6 verbunden ist. Die Verzahnung des Ritzels 2 greift in ein weiteres Zahnrad 4 ein, dass die Verzahnung 5 des linken Trägerarms 24 kämmt. Das Ritzel 1 kämmt dementsprechend mit einer Verzahnung 3 des rechten Trägerarms 25. Durch die Ausfahrbewegung der Kolbenstange des Zylinders 9 werden die Ballasttürme 21, 22 hinter die Grundplatte 20 verschwenkt, während die Einfahrbewegung der Kolbenstange zu der Position der Ballasttürme gemäß
Alternativ zu der dargestellten Variante könnten anstand des Hubzylinders 9 auch Rotationsantriebe vorgesehen sein, die entsprechende Ritzel 1, 2, 4 unmittelbar antreiben. Dabei ist entweder für jedes Ritzel 1, 2, 4 ein eigenes Drehwerk vorgesehen, oder die Ritzel 1, 2, 4 werden wie dargestellt über ein Gestänge 6 mechanisch gekoppelt, so dass ein gemeinsamer Drehantrieb ausreichend ist.As an alternative to the illustrated variant, it would also be possible to provide rotational drives to the
Die Auswirkungen auf die Krantraglasten durch die stufenlose Schwerpunktverschiebung des Ballasts werden über die Kransoftware online berechnet und ausgewiesen. Damit kann die Lastmomentbegrenzung der Kransteuerung in jeder Ballaststellung optimal ausgenutzt werden. Für die Berechnung der Lage der Ballasttürme 21, 22 kann entweder der Hub des Hydraulikzylinders 9 oder der Drehwinkel der Ballasttürme 21, 22 gemessen werden. Um die beliebige stufenlose Lage der Ballasttürme 21, 22 in sicherer Position zu halten, wird der hydraulisch betätigte Hubzylinder 9 mit einer Senkbremse bestückt. Der Drehwinkelgeber wird zur Absicherung der Winkelmessung mit einem redundanten Nockenendschalter ausgerüstet.The effects on the crane loads due to the infinite center of gravity of the ballast are calculated and reported online via the crane software. Thus, the load torque limit of the crane control can be optimally utilized in each ballast position. For the calculation of the position of the ballast towers 21, 22, either the stroke of the
Claims (14)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Sensorik zur Messung des Drehwinkels eines Drehantriebes bzw. des Schwenkwinkels der Trägerplatten (7, 8) und/oder eine Sensorik zur Erfassung des Hubes eines Hubzylinders vorgesehen ist.Ballasting device (10) for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, in particular a crawler crane, with a base plate (20) having corresponding connection points for attachment to the rear of a crane superstructure, wherein on the base plate (20) at least two support plates (7, 8) for receiving of stacked ballast plates (23) are pivotably articulated about vertical pivot axes (A, A '),
characterized,
that a sensor for measuring the angle of rotation of a rotary drive and the pivot angle of the support plates (7, 8) and / or a sensor is provided for detecting the stroke of a lifting cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015001080.8A DE102015001080A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | Ballastiervorrichtung and crane, especially crawler crane |
EP15195577.0A EP3050837B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15195577.0A Division EP3050837B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
EP15195577.0A Division-Into EP3050837B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3222576A1 true EP3222576A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
Family
ID=54697468
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15195577.0A Active EP3050837B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
EP17165275.3A Withdrawn EP3222576A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15195577.0A Active EP3050837B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-20 | Ballast device and crane, in particular caterpillar crane |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10124994B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3050837B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2016137998A (en) |
CN (1) | CN105819355A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015001080A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO2694425T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2652303C2 (en) |
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EP3150545B1 (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2019-10-09 | Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. | Combined counterweight hooking apparatus and method, and counterweight mounting structure |
DE102015006439B4 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2023-08-31 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | mobile crane |
DE102016008822B4 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2021-05-20 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Mobile crane with adjustable ballast take-up device |
CN107337112A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-10 | 中山市翔实机械设备有限公司 | One kind is moved easily crane |
CN109279521A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-01-29 | 三汽车起重机械有限公司 | Counterweight mobile device and crane |
IT201900023631A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | Manitou Italia Srl | ROTATING TOWER WITH BALLAST. |
JP7052941B2 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2022-04-12 | 株式会社タダノ | crane |
DE202020106372U1 (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-02-11 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Mobile crane with height-adjustable superstructure ballast |
DE102022118694A1 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Mobile crane with adjustable counterweight device, counterweight device and method for assembling the same |
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- 2015-01-28 DE DE102015001080.8A patent/DE102015001080A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-11-20 EP EP15195577.0A patent/EP3050837B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-20 EP EP17165275.3A patent/EP3222576A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-12-25 JP JP2015253825A patent/JP2016137998A/en active Pending
-
2016
- 2016-01-20 RU RU2016101608A patent/RU2652303C2/en active
- 2016-01-27 US US15/007,910 patent/US10124994B2/en active Active
- 2016-01-28 CN CN201610066217.1A patent/CN105819355A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO2694425T3 (en) | 2018-04-28 |
DE102015001080A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
US10124994B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
RU2652303C2 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
US20160221804A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
EP3050837B1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
RU2016101608A (en) | 2017-07-24 |
EP3050837A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
CN105819355A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
JP2016137998A (en) | 2016-08-04 |
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