EP3213068A1 - Bauelement auf basis eines strukturierbaren substrats mit dreidimensionaler, poren im nm-bereich aufweisender membranstruktur und halbleitertechnologisches verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Bauelement auf basis eines strukturierbaren substrats mit dreidimensionaler, poren im nm-bereich aufweisender membranstruktur und halbleitertechnologisches verfahren zu dessen herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3213068A1 EP3213068A1 EP15784646.0A EP15784646A EP3213068A1 EP 3213068 A1 EP3213068 A1 EP 3213068A1 EP 15784646 A EP15784646 A EP 15784646A EP 3213068 A1 EP3213068 A1 EP 3213068A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- substrate
- etching
- carrier
- pores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/48707—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material by electrical means
- G01N33/48721—Investigating individual macromolecules, e.g. by translocation through nanopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00023—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
- B81C1/00087—Holes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44756—Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G01N27/44791—Microapparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/02—Sensors
- B81B2201/0214—Biosensors; Chemical sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/05—Microfluidics
- B81B2201/051—Micromixers, microreactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0127—Diaphragms, i.e. structures separating two media that can control the passage from one medium to another; Membranes, i.e. diaphragms with filtering function
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/03—Static structures
- B81B2203/0353—Holes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device which is suitable for the investigation of biological species, in particular for the electrochemical measurement and characterization of
- Transmembrane proteins and for this purpose has a freestanding, three-dimensionally shaped, porous membrane structure with pores in the nanometer range, and a method for its preparation.
- fine-pored structures made of glass or Teflon are used for the measurements of
- Transmembrane proteins used.
- a lipid bilayer is stretched over the mostly singular pore with diameters of a few ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, into which the transmembrane proteins are subsequently introduced.
- these porous structures are difficult to manufacture and therefore expensive and, on the other hand, they have to be used several times, so they must be able to be cleaned.
- such pore structures are increasingly produced by means of semiconductor processes in silicon or other structurable materials, wherein the required electrodes can be integrated as microelectrode structures.
- Thin polymer membranes with periodically arranged pores can be prepared by self-assembling structures using the so-called Breath- Figures method, as described, for example, in J. Peng, "The influencing factors on the macroporous formation in polymer films by water droplet templating" , Y. Han, Y. Yang, B.Li, Polymer, 45 (2004) 447-452.
- the process is based on the ordered condensation of monodisperse water droplets on a thin polymer-solvent layer in a humid atmosphere. After evaporation of water and solvent remains a polymer film with a pore pattern, the "impressions" of the droplets accordingly.
- Two-dimensional arrays are used in their sedimentation from a dispersion or under the influence of capillary forces for the production of a porous membrane, for example described by K. Nagayama in “Two-dimensional self-assembly of colloids in thin liquid films", Colloids and Surfaces A , 109 (1996) 363-374. Originally developed for photonic crystals, the process was described in "Electrochemical deposition of macroporous platinum, palladium and cobalt films using polystyrene latex sphere templates" by P.N.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a membrane which has pores with diameters in the nanometer range and despite the extremely small thickness required for this purpose (usually about 100 nm to 2 ⁇ ) has a high stability, as an integral part of a device the production of the device should be designed so that it is easy to generate microelectrodes in close proximity to the membrane and thus the pores therein to allow very sensitive spatially resolved electrochemical measurements, and wherein the device without difficulty in larger components or Other larger structures or assemblies with other, possibly complex structures can be integrated so that a coupling to fluidic systems is readily possible.
- the present invention provides a freestanding, three-dimensionally shaped, porous membrane which can be fabricated by micromechanical techniques as an integral part of a device.
- the advantage compared to a planar membrane is on the one hand in the increased area and the higher rigidity, since the single 3D structure can be chosen comparatively small.
- the towers
- the porous membrane is preferably formed of an inorganic material, alternatively, in some embodiments, of a synthetic organic polymer (a plastic) or latex.
- the pores themselves are preferably produced without lithographic processes, either directly during membrane deposition or by means of a suitable aftertreatment. Multiple membranes / membrane structures can be in an array
- the membrane is part of a device as defined in claim 1.
- the device comprises a support of a suitable, structurable material having at least one through opening which is closed by the porous membrane
- the porous membrane protrudes from the surface of the component surrounding the through-opening, preferably by about 5 to 300 ⁇ m. It is favorable if the component has at least one electrode or a pair of electrodes in the vicinity of the opening on the side facing away from the membrane. This can be directly on the surface surrounding the opening of the device or on a thereon
- the component may have an array of a plurality of arbitrarily arranged openings, each of which is closed by a porous membrane as described above and optionally provided with electrodes (pairs).
- the individual openings usually have a diameter of only a few
- the porous membrane may have a structure which is in the manner of a bubble (approximately ovate or spherical) from the
- the diameter of the porous membrane in this case is greater than that of the opening.
- Cheap diameters for such membrane structures are in the range of about 5 ⁇ to about 200 ⁇ .
- the porous membrane may also be cylindrical, trichterer- or pyramid-shaped and thereby have rounded corners and / or edges.
- the shape of the opening corresponds to the layout of the membrane.
- the expansion of the porous membrane parallel to the surrounding surface may also be greater than the opening.
- FIG. 7 A schematic representation of this device (here with an oval shape of the membrane) is shown in FIG.
- the pores 7 of the membrane itself are in the nanometer size range, i. they have an average diameter between 1 and 1000 nm, preferably between 50 and 1000 and more preferably between 50 and 500 nm with a membrane thickness of usually about 0, 1 to 2 ⁇ .
- 1 denotes the substrate
- reference numeral 9 denotes the electrodes arranged on both sides of the openings.
- a structurable planar substrate such as a silicon wafer or a silicon chip. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 3a to g, 4 and 5a to c, which are vertical
- the material that will later serve as a support for the 3D membrane structure is deposited on the substrate using standard techniques.
- This can be, for example, an oxide / poly-Si / oxide stack.
- the substrate material should be able to be etched with high selectivity to the support material. In the case of an oxide / poly-Si / oxide stack, this is ensured by the oxide layers, while the poly-Si provides mechanical stability.
- the thickness of the poly-Si should therefore generally be between about 5 and 100 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 and 50 ⁇ m.
- Poly-Si layers of such thickness can be made by means of special CVD processes, for example in the epitaxy reactor at temperatures of 900-1000 ° C.
- the thickness of the oxide layers produced by means of conventional CVD processes, for example LPCVD (low pressure chemical vapor deposition), is preferably in the range between 0.2 and 1 ⁇ m.
- LPCVD low pressure chemical vapor deposition
- a nitride or oxynitride for example in the form of a nitride / poly-Si / nitride stack.
- the oxides, nitrides and oxynitrides may be those of silicon or metal oxides, nitrides or oxynitrides.
- FIG. 3a shows the product of these two steps; the silicon substrate 1 used there is on its upper side with a triple layer sequence (oxide / nitride 2, poly-Si 3, oxide / nitride 4, wherein the oxide or nitride is preferably a compound of silicon) and back also provided with a (silicon) oxide or nitride layer 2 ', which, however, need not be present at least at this time.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- a suitable process preferably a CVD
- a protective layer for example an oxide deposited in the blind hole, which completely lines the blind hole. This is achieved for example by a CVD method using TEOS (tetraethoxysilane), wherein silicon oxide is deposited.
- the protective layer is at least removed from the bottom of the blind hole again. If the protective layer is an oxide, this is possible, for example, by anisotropic etching with the aid of RIE, so that the protective layer is retained only on the (usually vertical) walls of the blind hole.
- the shape of the later membrane is set or prepared: it can correspond to the walls of the blind hole, or further etching steps can be carried out be removed with which further material from the substrate in the vicinity of the blind hole.
- This is usually an isotropic etching process, with which, for example, an undercut of the blind hole and rounded shapes can be achieved, which is favorable in view of the shape of the subsequent membrane.
- Suitable etching gas for this purpose are the customary etching gases for silicon in IC technology, for example one of the gases SF 6, CF 4 and CHF 3 and a mixture of two or more of these gases.
- the product of this step ie the formation of a deviating from the blind hole shape for the subsequent membrane is shown schematically in Fig. 3c.
- the blind hole (rounded in this embodiment) is designated by the reference numeral 5. After determining the shape of the blind hole this is in a first, significant
- Embodiment of the invention isotropically lined with a layer that represents a key position for further action: either this layer is later transferred into the porous membrane, or it serves as an auxiliary layer for the preparation of the porous membrane.
- this layer is a silicon oxide layer. If the blind hole has not been widened by etching and the silicon oxide protective layer 6 is still completely present, the layer 6 can be used for this purpose. In general, and in particular if the blind hole has only been given its final shape by the etching step mentioned above (the oxide, of course, remaining only in the unetched neck areas of the blind hole due to its use as etch masking), this oxide is removed, and a new one
- Oxide layer is conformally deposited in the possibly enlarged blind hole, which completely lines the etched cavity, preferably with a thickness of 0, 1 to 2 ⁇ .
- the above-mentioned LPCVD method can be used.
- the blind hole may be isotropic with such after removal of the oxide layer 6 in this step
- Material can be lined, which is selected as desired and taking into account the various methods that can be used for generating the pores.
- Layers and these can basically be used without restriction, of course, the respective conditions (eg the compatibility of the other components for the temperature at which the selected method must be at least performed) are taken into account.
- materials which are converted into a porous membrane or can serve as an auxiliary layer for this purpose in addition to silicon oxide CVD-deposited poly-Si or silicon nitride, by sputtering or galvanically from liquid phase or by ALD (atomic layer deposition) applied metals such as aluminum or Gold and organic polymers such as polystyrene or parylene.
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- a temporary support layer for stiffening the 3D structure before and / or during the formation of the porous membrane or a layer which is selected as an auxiliary layer for the subsequent generation of the pores in the membrane material, and / or an etch-resistant layer in the release of the 3D structure be required or favorable and follow the deposition of said layer.
- poly-Si deposited by means of LPCVD, or a metal deposited by sputtering, CVD or liquid phase, for example by electrodeposition may serve as the temporary support layer.
- various metal oxides can be used as the etching-protection layer, deposited by means of ALD, for example Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 .
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- poly-Si deposited by LPCVD or a metal layer deposited by sputtering may also be required.
- the deposition process ensures a complete and as far as possible conformal lining of the 3D cavity produced in the substrate.
- the temporary support layer and / or the other auxiliary layers are subsequently removed from the substrate surface using a conventional resist mask in a second lithography step by means of appropriate etching processes.
- a conventional resist mask in a second lithography step by means of appropriate etching processes.
- Embodiments of silicon oxide consists) only a temporary support layer 8 is shown.
- suitable on the support surface preferably in the vicinity of the blind hole opening
- Metal electrodes deposited and patterned for example, a metal such as Pt, Au, Ir
- the metal electrode (s) may be generated by, for example, a lift-off process.
- a resist mask is applied to the substrate (or the upper Si0 2 layer of the carrier material stack).
- the metal is deposited, for example by vapor deposition.
- the substrate is exposed to a solvent.
- the resist mask is dissolved and the metal thereon removed from the substrate. In areas where there was no paint, the metal remains on the surface. This step is called the "third lithography step".
- the deposition of the metal electrodes is preferably carried out after the formation of the layers described above and before the release of the 3D structure explained below; This step can also be before or after the
- the 3D structure is released.
- the material surrounding the 3D structure of the substrate ie silicon in the case of a silicon chip or wafer, must be removed. This is done on the back of the substrate, which usually already has one Oxide or nitride layer is covered, an etching opening defined (this step is referred to as fourth lithography step), or the entire substrate surface is exposed.
- Front side is passivated by a suitable protective layer, for example a photoresist.
- the material of the substrate is subsequently etched away by means of known methods at the desired locations. In the case of Si as a substrate, this can be done by means of DRIE (deep reactive ion etching) and / or in XeF 2 gas phase.
- DRIE deep reactive ion etching
- XeF 2 gas phase the exposed 3D structures remain anchored in the thick poly-Si layer (the carrier material) produced at the beginning of the process, see FIG. 3e.
- the originally present substrate can be completely etched away, or parts needed for specific purposes can be left standing
- the protective varnish from the front side is preferably removed in the 0 2 plasma.
- solvents are also possible.
- a polymer film 11 having an array of preferably monodisperse pores covering the entire back see FIG. 3f.
- the application of the polymer can be carried out, for example, from a solution, for example from a polystyrene solution in an organic solvent.
- the pores in the polymer film can be prepared by dry etching (Reactive Ion Etching, RIE) as described in the
- the front surface of the substrate may need to be passivated by a suitable protective layer, for example a photoresist, to avoid damaging the structures and layers thereon.
- an array of monodisperse particles can also be applied to the backside.
- the particles may for example consist of an organic material, such as polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or latex, or of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide.
- PS polystyrene
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- latex or of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide.
- the size of the particles should be chosen so that the distance between adjacent particles in the array of the desired
- Pore size approximately corresponds.
- dry etching Reactive Ion Etching, RIE
- the pore geometry of the particle array can be transferred into the material of the 3D structure.
- this material is preferably silica; but it may also be the materials mentioned in the previous paragraph.
- the further (n) existing layers, ie the temporary support layer 8 and / or the auxiliary and / or the etching protection layer (s), are selectively removed from the inside of the 3D structure, so that only the porous membrane remains, as shown in FIG. 3g.
- the etching processes required for this purpose must have a high selectivity relative to the membrane material.
- the support layer consists of poly-Si
- this can be removed by time-controlled etching in an XeF 2 gas phase.
- XeF 2 etches only a few metals, such as Mo and W, and slightly silicon nitride.
- the porous polymer film is preferably removed from the outside of the 3D structure as well. This can be done by means of 0 2 plasma.
- the transfer of the pore structure of the polymer film in Fig. 3f should preferably be carried out from the gas phase or by means of a plasma.
- the porous 3D structure may also be formed by an organic polymer film as such. In this case, for example, using the breath-figure method, a polymer film 11 having an array of preferably monodisperse pores can be formed.
- both the temporary support layer 8 and the (in this case, preferably used) silicon oxide 7 are removed by etching in the gas phase, so that only the porous polymer film 1 1 remains.
- the silicon oxide 7 serves in this embodiment as an auxiliary layer for the formation of the later membrane.
- the size of the pores in the free-standing 3D structure, their mechanical stability and physical-chemical properties can be optimized by depositing additional layers.
- the layer deposition takes place on the back of the substrate, from which protrude the porous 3D structures. Since the freestanding 3D structures are sensitive, processes are preferred which are characterized by a conformal coating from the
- Distinguish gas phase at the lowest possible process temperatures are the deposition of parylene by means of CVD or the deposition of metal oxides or nitrides by means of atomic layer deposition.
- the free-standing 3 D structure is coated at least on the outer surface and in the pore openings, so that the diameter of the pores reduces uniformly. However, the 3D structure is preferably coated on all sides with a layer 12, see FIG. 4.
- the free-standing 3D structure is made of metal, which is produced only after the 3D structure has been removed from the silicon dioxide layer, or such a metal is used for pore formation.
- a metal for example, an array of monodisperse particles, as already described, can be used as a mold for a galvanic deposition.
- a plating start-up layer for example of gold, must be applied to the cut-out 3D structure according to FIG. 3e, for example by sputtering.
- the particle array is then produced on the electroplating start layer, analogously to the polymer film as described for FIG. 3f.
- the particles are removed in a suitable solvent. Afterwards, the electroplating start layer has to leave the pores
- etching reactive Ion Etching, RIE
- RIE reactive Ion Etching
- the oxide can be, for example, in HF gas phase with high selectivity to many others
- the porous membrane is produced not only after the release of the 3D structure from the rear, but as part of the layer sequence which lines the recess in the substrate according to FIG. 3d. That has that
- silicon oxide is preferably first deposited in the process sequence according to FIG. 3d as a temporary support layer 13 and then the actual membrane material 14 in a suitable thickness, preferably in a thickness of 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m, which is illustrated in FIG. 5a.
- it is already intrinsically porous. Intrinsically porous are, for example, thin poly-Si layers, which in the
- Epitaxy reactor at temperatures of 900-1000 ° C were deposited. Many dielectrics as well as metal layers are nanoporous when deposited at low temperatures (up to 250 ° C). By etching, the nanopores can be widened. In aluminum, pores can be produced by anodic oxidation. For the anodization, a conductive auxiliary layer is required below the aluminum, for example made of gold.
- Fig. 5b shows the device after exemption of the 3D structure analogous to Fig. 3e.
- the porous membrane 14 is still covered on the outside by the silicon oxide layer 13, the first material with which the blind hole predetermining the shape of the 3D structure was lined in the substrate.
- the auxiliary layer required in this case can then be removed by wet-chemical etching in a suitable solvent.
- the pores may also be transferred to the auxiliary layer, eg by a dry etching process.
- the finished device after removal of the silicon oxide is shown in Fig. 5c.
- the oxide 13 can be removed, for example, in an HF gas phase.
- Substrate material are required, this can also be completely removed or thinned by mechanical means.
- the substrate is thinned to the required thickness by grinding and polishing before generating the masking (fourth lithography step) on the backside of Figs. 3e and 5b. It can also be completely removed by further grinding / polishing and final full-area etching. In this case, the masking is omitted.
- a carrier substrate 15 is conveniently applied or mounted on the front side of the carrier, for example, by bonding with an adhesive layer before the silicon substrate is partially or completely removed.
- One or more fluidic channels may be integrated into this carrier substrate, or such channels 16 may be formed between the front side of the coated polysilicon stack and the carrier substrate. It should be understood that any membrane structure on the wafer or chip, such as shown in FIG. 1, may be provided with such a carrier substrate. Furthermore, the electrodes 9 can also be located in the channels 16 of the carrier substrate 15 instead of on the front side of the carrier.
- structures formed on whole wafers or larger chips carrying a plurality or a plurality of porous membrane structures may be singulated, for example, by sawing the wafer.
- the isolated or individual finished component can also be present only one or more porous membrane structures. This allows either single measurements or simultaneous multi-parameter measurements or simultaneous measurements of various
- the porous membrane-equipped devices of the present invention are useful for electrochemical measurements and characterizations of transmembrane proteins incorporated into nanoporous 3-D structures.
- a pore chip can directly into a Reactor for, for example, cell-free protein synthesis can be installed because it is small, inexpensive to manufacture and designed as a disposable article.
- the synthesized proteins are incorporated directly into the lipid-bearing nanopores and measured. Since the microstructured electrodes are directly adjacent to the pores, the device according to the invention can be used to measure highly sensitively; Due to the low production costs and the simple design, each component can be discarded after use and replaced by a new component.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014115884 | 2014-10-31 | ||
| DE102015101425.4A DE102015101425B4 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-30 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelements auf Basis eines strukturierbaren Substrats mit dreidimensionaler, Poren im nm-Bereich aufweisender Membranstruktur |
| PCT/EP2015/074416 WO2016066505A1 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2015-10-21 | Bauelement auf basis eines strukturierbaren substrats mit dreidimensionaler, poren im nm-bereich aufweisender membranstruktur und halbleitertechnologisches verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3213068A1 true EP3213068A1 (de) | 2017-09-06 |
Family
ID=55753971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15784646.0A Withdrawn EP3213068A1 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2015-10-21 | Bauelement auf basis eines strukturierbaren substrats mit dreidimensionaler, poren im nm-bereich aufweisender membranstruktur und halbleitertechnologisches verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180038841A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3213068A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2018504579A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN107001029A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102015101425B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016066505A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10199333B2 (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-02-05 | Omnivision Technologies, Inc. | Delamination-resistant semiconductor device and associated method |
| DE102017213070A1 (de) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer MEMS Spiegelanordnung und MEMS Spiegelanordnung |
| CN109553673B (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2023-04-25 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 一种生物蛋白积木及其制备方法 |
| CN110282599A (zh) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-27 | 湖南大学 | 一种镶嵌功能材料微纳孔结构及其制备方法和使用方法 |
| CN112058097B (zh) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-09-14 | 山东水发环境科技有限公司 | 一种正渗透膜材料的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6613241B1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-09-02 | California Insitute Of Technology | MEMS elements with integrated porous membranes and method of making the same |
| DE10353894B4 (de) * | 2003-07-11 | 2007-02-15 | Nft Nanofiltertechnik Gmbh | Filterelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| US20070224235A1 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-27 | Barron Tenney | Medical devices having nanoporous coatings for controlled therapeutic agent delivery |
| US9403126B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2016-08-02 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Ultrafiltration membrane, device, bioartificial organ, and related methods |
| WO2008134909A1 (de) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | Baumer Electric Ag | Akustischer wandler |
| DE102007029445A1 (de) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-24 | Werner A. Goedel | Verfahren zur Darstellung hierarchisch strukturierter Filme mittels Inkjet-Druck |
| ES2352581T3 (es) * | 2008-06-02 | 2011-02-21 | Boehringer Ingelheim Microparts Gmbh | Estructura de lámina microfluídica para dosificar líquidos. |
| DE102011120394B4 (de) * | 2011-12-06 | 2015-06-25 | Universitätsklinikum Freiburg | Verfahren und Mikrostrukturvorrichtung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung biologischer Zellen |
-
2015
- 2015-01-30 DE DE102015101425.4A patent/DE102015101425B4/de active Active
- 2015-10-21 US US15/523,594 patent/US20180038841A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-10-21 CN CN201580059305.2A patent/CN107001029A/zh active Pending
- 2015-10-21 JP JP2017523412A patent/JP2018504579A/ja active Pending
- 2015-10-21 EP EP15784646.0A patent/EP3213068A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-10-21 WO PCT/EP2015/074416 patent/WO2016066505A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016066505A1 (de) | 2016-05-06 |
| US20180038841A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
| JP2018504579A (ja) | 2018-02-15 |
| DE102015101425A1 (de) | 2016-05-04 |
| DE102015101425B4 (de) | 2018-02-01 |
| CN107001029A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
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