EP3165849B1 - Wärmequellenvorrichtung und wärmequellensystem mit der wärmequellenvorrichtung - Google Patents

Wärmequellenvorrichtung und wärmequellensystem mit der wärmequellenvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3165849B1
EP3165849B1 EP14896571.8A EP14896571A EP3165849B1 EP 3165849 B1 EP3165849 B1 EP 3165849B1 EP 14896571 A EP14896571 A EP 14896571A EP 3165849 B1 EP3165849 B1 EP 3165849B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
heat
heat source
heat medium
pipe
source device
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EP14896571.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3165849A1 (de
EP3165849A4 (de
Inventor
Kazuyuki Ishida
Yasushi Okoshi
Takuya Ito
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
    • F24F1/28—Refrigerant piping for connecting several separate outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
    • F24F1/022—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing comprising a compressor cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
    • F24F1/30—Refrigerant piping for use inside the separate outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/36—Modules, e.g. for an easy mounting or transport

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat source systems having heat source devices that supply cooling and heating energy to a heat medium such as cool and hot water or brine.
  • cool and hot water supply systems have been commonly used in buildings such as office buildings, in which air-conditioning apparatuses are installed on each floor, and a heat medium such as cool water or hot water is supplied from a heat source device to the air-conditioning apparatuses to generate conditioned air and supply the generated conditioned air to rooms intended to be air-conditioned.
  • the heat source device refers to an apparatus that generates cool water or hot water by mainly using a heat pump refrigeration cycle.
  • cool water or hot water refers to a heat medium generated by heat exchange by an evaporator or a condenser of the refrigeration cycle (for example, see Patent Literature 1).
  • a heat source device when the amount of a heat medium to be heated or cooled is over the capacity of a single heat source device, a plurality of heat source devices are installed, the heat medium heat exchangers of the respective heat source devices are connected to a heat medium pipe, and the heat medium heated or cooled by the respective heat source devices is collected into the heat medium pipe.
  • a configuration has been proposed in which "the inlet and outlet pipe joints are installed on the right and left sides of the heat pump device 1.
  • a first heat pump device and a second heat pump device are provided, each including a heat exchanger near one side face of the right and left side surfaces which is adjacent to the side surface where an operating unit is installed, a compressor near the other side surface, and the inlet and outlet pipe joint installed on one side surface.
  • the compressor, the heat exchanger, the refrigeration circuit, and the inlet and outlet pipe joint that form the second heat pump device are disposed in a state rotated by substantially 180 degrees from those of the first heat pump device with respect to a normal which passes the center of the bottom of the first heat pump device, and at least one set of the first and second heat pump devices 1A and 1B are disposed with the side surfaces having the inlet and outlet pipe joints facing each other" (see Patent Literature 2).
  • an air conditioner is known which comprises a plurality of chillers which include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator and which supply cold water through water pipes connected to the evaporator in parallel (see Patent Literature 3).
  • each refrigeration cycle device is a thermal medium heat exchanger which enables a refrigerant and a thermal medium to exchange heat
  • each refrigeration cycle device has thermal medium inlet piping, whose midway part is connected with a thermal medium inlet of the evaporator, and a thermal medium outlet piping, whose midway part is connected with a thermal medium outlet of the evaporator (see Patent Literature 4).
  • the length of the heat medium pipe that connects the heat source devices can be reduced. Accordingly, an effect can be obtained to a certain extent on space saving for installation.
  • a connection port of the heat medium heat exchanger protrudes to the outside of the casing, and the connection port and the heat medium pipe are connected outside the casing. Since the heat medium pipe that connects the heat source devices is installed outside the heat source device, care should be taken for installation at a worksite especially in routing and layout of the cold and hot water pipe having a large opening diameter that supplies cold and hot water, and this may limit installation of the heat source devices.
  • the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and has an object of providing a heat source device that includes a heat source device designed to be compact, simplifies routing and layout of the cool and hot water pipes in installation of the heat source device on a roof or in a mechanical chamber to minimize the installation space, and reduces the labor at a worksite, and providing a heat source system having the heat source device.
  • one end of the heat medium pipe is located inside the mechanical chamber, and the other end of the heat medium pipe is located inside the mechanical chamber. Accordingly, routing and layout of the heat medium pipes in installation of the heat source device on a roof or in a mechanical chamber can be simplified to minimize the installation space, and the labor at a worksite can be reduced.
  • embodiments 1 and 2 are no embodiments according to the invention, but helpful to understand certain aspects thereof.
  • a heat source device RS of the present invention functions as a heat source of a cool and hot water supply system.
  • the following description mainly provides a configuration that generates cool water by the heat source device RS.
  • Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a thermal circuit of a heat source device according to Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of a single heat source device according to Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a front sectional view of a single heat source device according to another example of Embodiment 1.
  • the heat source device RS according to Embodiment 1 includes a thermal circuit illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the thermal circuit includes a refrigeration cycle apparatus in which refrigerant sequentially circulates through a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an air-cooled condenser fan 3, an expansion valve 4, and an evaporator 5 that are connected by a refrigerant pipe.
  • the evaporator 5 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is connected to a cool water inlet pipe 6a and a cool water outlet pipe 6b of a cool water pipe 6.
  • the heat source device RS includes a mechanical chamber 10 formed in a substantially cuboid shape and disposed at a lower position to house the compressor 1, the evaporator 5, and the cool water pipe 6. Further, a heat exchange chamber 11 having a shape which expands upwardly in a side view is disposed at an upper position of the mechanical chamber 10. A pair of condensers 2 are disposed on the heat exchange chamber 11 so as to expand upwardly in a side view.
  • the heat exchange chamber 11 is closed at the top by a top plate 11a.
  • An air-cooled condenser fan 3 that exhausts air from the heat exchange chamber is provided on the top plate 11a.
  • the cool water pipe 6 connected to the evaporator 5 is disposed so as to penetrate the mechanical chamber 10 in a horizontal direction in a side view.
  • one end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a and one end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b are disposed to protrude from one of opposite side surfaces 10a of the mechanical chamber 10 to the outside of the mechanical chamber 10.
  • the other end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a and the other end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b are housed in the mechanical chamber 10 inside the other of the opposite side surfaces 10a.
  • the heat source device RS can be easily installed in a limited installation space on a roof or in a mechanical chamber.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a condenser of the heat source device according to Embodiment 1.
  • the condenser 2 is a fin and tube heat exchanger that is made up of flat tubes 2a having openings of a plurality of refrigerant flow paths 2b and heat transfer fins 2c formed in a flat plate shape and connected between the adjacent flat tubes 2a.
  • the flat tube 2a and the heat transfer fin 2c are made of a material such as copper or aluminum and are thermally connected to each other.
  • the flat tubes 2a can be arranged at a smaller pitch than that of circular tubes, the flat tubes 2a can be densely arranged in the fin and tube heat exchanger.
  • a contact heat exchange performance (Ac ⁇ c) between the heat transfer fin 2c and the flat tube 2a increases since they are brazed and have a high heat transfer coefficient ⁇ c.
  • the condenser 2 can be reduced in size compared with the heat exchanger of the same heat exchange capacity that uses a circular tube as a heat transfer tube. Further, since the amount of refrigerant filled in a refrigeration cycle is also reduced, a refrigerant container such as an accumulator can be reduced in size, and thus the heat source device RS can be reduced in size.
  • the heat source device RS can be easily installed in a limited installation space on a roof or in a mechanical chamber.
  • a distance between the air-cooled condenser fan 3 and the lower stage of the condenser 2 increases with increase in size of the condenser 2. Accordingly, the heat exchange air amount in the lower stage decreases, which lowers the performance.
  • distribution of the heat exchange air amount can be maintained within a predetermined range, thereby suppressing decrease in heat exchange performance.
  • a cool water pump 7 provided in the cool water pipe 6 that is connected to the heat source device RS is first actuated.
  • the compressor 1 compresses low pressure gas refrigerant into high pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the gas from the compressor 1 is fed to the condenser 2 via an oil separator (not shown in the figure).
  • the type of the compressor 1 is not specifically limited, and compressors such as a scroll compressor, a rotary compressor, and a screw compressor may be used as the compressor 1.
  • the compressor 1 is configured to control the capacity thereof, for example, by combining control of the number of a plurality of compressors and control of rotational speed of a single compressor.
  • the condenser 2 exchanges heat between high pressure gas refrigerant received from the compressor 1 and external air to cool and thus condense and liquify the refrigerant.
  • the condenser 2 is an air-cooled heat exchanger which includes the air-cooled condenser fan 3.
  • the air-cooled condenser fan 3 When the air-cooled condenser fan 3 is actuated, external air passes through the condenser 2, is subjected to heat exchange, and flows into the heat exchange chamber 11. Then, the external air is exhausted upward by the air-cooled condenser fan 3 disposed on the top plate 11a of the heat exchange chamber 11.
  • the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 2 is fed to the expansion valve 4.
  • the expansion valve 4 is configured to perform a closing function, a flow control function by adjustment of opening degree in accordance with cooling load of the evaporator 5, and a decompressing and expansion function by a single valve.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 4 is controlled so that the degree of superheat of outlet refrigerant of the evaporator 5 becomes constant by a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) and a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) that detect a refrigerant temperature and a refrigerant pressure on a downstream side of the evaporator 5, and a controller that transmits a signal of those sensors.
  • the expansion valve 4 decreases the pressure of refrigerant by allowing the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 2 to pass through.
  • the evaporator 5 is a heat exchanger that takes heat from water (heat medium) on a secondary side by evaporation of refrigerant and generates cool water.
  • the evaporator 5 is an indirect heat exchanger that includes a refrigerant flow path and a water flow path and is configured to exchange heat between refrigerant and water in a non-contact manner.
  • the evaporator 5 of this embodiment is, for example, a plate type heat exchanger.
  • Refrigerant gasified by the evaporator 5 is fed back to the compressor 1 via an accumulator (not shown in the figure).
  • the thermal circuit of the heat source device RS of the present embodiment supplies cool water into the cool and hot water supply system.
  • cool water is obtained from the heat source device RS as a heat medium.
  • a four-way valve may be provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus to form a heat pump cycle by switching the four-way valve, and the condenser 2 functions as an evaporator and the evaporator 5 functions as a condenser to obtain hot water.
  • Fig. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating a thermal circuit in which a plurality of heat source devices according to Embodiment 1 are connected.
  • Fig. 6 is a side sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to Embodiment 1 are connected.
  • Fig. 7 is a front sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to another example of Embodiment 1 are connected.
  • a plurality of heat source devices RS according to Embodiment 1 can be used in a manner of connecting one onother.
  • a portion of the thermal circuit enclosed by the dotted line indicates a single unit of the heat source device RS.
  • the cool water pipe 6 is connected through the heat source devices RS to serve as a thermal circuit. That is, the evaporators 5 are connected to the cool water inlet pipe 6a in parallel so that cool water flows from the cool water inlet pipe 6a, branches into the respective evaporators 5, and is cooled therein. The cool water cooled in the evaporators 5 flows into the cool water outlet pipe 6b, merges together at each heat source device RS, and is discharged from the most downstream heat source device RS.
  • the cool water pipe 6 is disposed to penetrate the mechanical chamber 10 of the heat source device RS in a horizontal direction in a side view, one end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a and one end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b are disposed to protrude from one of opposite side surfaces 10a of the mechanical chamber 10 to the outside of the mechanical chamber 10, and the other end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a and the other end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b are housed in the mechanical chamber 10 inside the other of the opposite side surfaces 10a.
  • a connecting section 6c of the cool water pipe 6 is located in the mechanical chamber 10.
  • the connecting section 6c may be a generally available steel pipe joint that may be appropriately selected from, for example, a socket or a union threaded onto an external thread of a steel pipe, and a flange joint if the opening diameter of the cool water pipe 6 is large.
  • each end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a and the cool water outlet pipe 6b that is not connected to the external cool water pipe 6 is closed by a plug to prevent cool water, which is a heat medium, from flowing out, thereby providing a water sealing.
  • a flexible joint having flexibility may be disposed at the connecting section 6c.
  • the flexible joint may be of a known type, such as a bellows type made of a rubber or a braided type made of a stainless steel.
  • the connecting section 6c of the cool water pipe 6 since a space is provided in the mechanical chamber 10 to house the connecting section 6c of the cool water pipe 6, the connecting section 6c having a large opening diameter is not exposed outside the heat source device RS, and accordingly, pipes are orderly laid out around the heat source device RS. Moreover, on-site installation of the cool water pipe 6 around the heat source device RS is eliminated, which contributes to minimization of installation space.
  • the connecting sections 6c of the cool water pipe 6 are designed to be positioned at predetermined positions. Accordingly, positioning of the heat source devices RS can be easy and air for heat exchange can flow as designed, ensuring a rated capacity of the heat source devices RS. Further, since the cool water pipe 6 protrudes from one of surfaces of the mechanical chamber 10, an installation direction of the heat source device RS can be easily recognized during installation work.
  • the heat source device RS according to Embodiment 2 has the same basic configuration as that of the heat source device RS according to Embodiment 1 except the position of the end of the cool water pipe 6 with respect to the mechanical chamber 10.
  • Fig. 8 is a side sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to Embodiment 2 are connected.
  • Fig. 9 is a front sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to another example of Embodiment 2 are connected.
  • Fig. 8 one end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a protrudes from a left side surface of the mechanical chamber 10 in the drawing, and the other end of the cool water inlet pipe 6a is located in the mechanical chamber 10.
  • one end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b is located in the mechanical chamber 10 in the drawing, while the other end of the cool water outlet pipe 6b protrudes from a right side surface of the mechanical chamber 10.
  • the cool water inlet pipe 6a and the cool water outlet pipe 6b protrude from the mechanical chamber 10 in different directions.
  • the cool water inlet pipe 6a of the heat source device RS on the most upstream side is disposed to penetrate from the mechanical chamber 10
  • only the cool water outlet pipe 6b of the heat source device RS on the most downstream side protrudes from the mechanical chamber 10. Accordingly, the cool water inlet pipe 6a and the cool water outlet pipe 6b can be connected to the cool water pipe 6 of an inlet side and the cool water pipe 6 of an outlet side, respectively, from the outside of the mechanical chamber 10.
  • the heat source device RS according to the invention has the same basic configuration as that of the heat source device RS according to Embodiment 1 except the position of the end of the cool water pipe 6 with respect to the mechanical chamber 10.
  • Fig. 10 is a side sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to the invention are connected.
  • Fig. 11 is a front sectional view in which a plurality of heat source devices according to another example of the invention are connected.
  • both ends of the cool water inlet pipe 6a are located in the mechanical chamber 10 in the drawing.
  • both ends of the cool water outlet pipe 6b are also located in the mechanical chamber 10 in the drawing.
  • the adjacent connecting sections 6c are connected to each other with a short pipe 6d interposed therebetween.
  • a flexible joint having flexibility is used instead of the short pipe 6d.
  • the flexible joint may be of a known type, such as a bellows type made of a rubber or a braided type made of a stainless steel.
  • the ends of the cool water pipes 6 are located at different positions with respect to the mechanical chamber 10.
  • the heat source system may also be provided in which the heat source devices RS of Embodiments 1 to 3 are combined as appropriate and connected.
  • the condenser 2 described in Embodiments 1 to 3 corresponds to a heat source heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • the evaporator 5 corresponds to a heat medium heat exchanger
  • the cool water pipe 6 corresponds to a heat medium pipe
  • the side surface 10a corresponds to a side wall section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Wärmequellensystem, in dem eine Vielzahl von Wärmequelleneinrichtungen (RS) verbunden sind, wobei die Vielzahl von Wärmequelleneinrichtungen (RS) einen Kältekreislauf haben, in dem ein Verdichter (1), ein Wärmequellen-Wärmetauscher (2), ein Expansionsventil (4) und ein Wärmemedium-Wärmetauscher (5) verbunden sind,
    wobei die Wärmequelleneinrichtung (RS) eine Wärmeaustauschkammer (11) umfasst, in der zumindest der Wärmequellen-Wärmetauscher (2) untergebracht ist,
    wobei der Wärmemedium-Wärmetauscher (5) mit einer Wärmemediumleitung (6) verbunden ist,
    wobei jede der Vielzahl von Wärmequelleneinrichtungen (RS) ferner eine mechanische Kammer (10) umfasst, in der zumindest der Verdichter (1) und der Wärmemedium-Wärmetauscher (5) untergebracht sind,
    wobei ein Ende der Wärmemediumleitung (6) im Inneren der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist, und das andere Ende der Wärmemediumleitung (6) im Inneren der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist,
    wobei jedes Ende der Wärmemediumleitung (6) einen Verbindungsabschnitt (6c) aufweist, der innerhalb der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Verbindungsabschnitt (6c) einer Wärmemediumleitung (6) in einer Wärmequelleneinrichtung (RS) und die benachbarten Verbindungsabschnitte (6c) einer Wärmemediumleitung (6) in einer benachbarten Wärmequelleneinrichtung (RS) durch ein flexibles Gelenk mit dazwischenliegender Flexibilität miteinander verbunden sind.
  2. Wärmequellensystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Wärmemediumleitung (6) eine erste Wärmemediumleitung (6a) und eine zweite Wärmemediumleitung (6b) umfasst,
    die mechanische Kammer (10) eine erste Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) und eine zweite Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) aufweist, die einander gegenüberliegen,
    ein Ende der ersten Wärmemediumleitung (6a) innerhalb der ersten Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist,
    das andere Ende des ersten Wärmemediumleitung (6a) innerhalb der zweiten Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist,
    ein Ende der zweiten Wärmemediumleitung (6b) innerhalb der ersten Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist, und
    das andere Ende der zweiten Wärmemediumleitung (6b) innerhalb der zweiten Seitenwandoberfläche (10a) der mechanischen Kammer (10) angeordnet ist.
  3. Wärmequellensystem nach Anspruch 2, wobei
    die erste Wärmemediumleitung (6a) eine Wärmemedium-Einlassleitung (6a) ist, die eingerichtet ist, dem Wärmemedium-Wärmetauscher (5) ein Wärmemedium zuzuführen, und
    die zweite Wärmemediumleitung (6b) eine Wärmemedium-Auslassleitung (6b) ist, die eingerichtet ist, das Wärmemedium nach Wärmeaustausch aus dem Wärmemedium-Wärmetauscher (5) abzugeben.
  4. Wärmequellensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Wärmequellen-Wärmetauscher (2) ein Rippenrohr-Wärmetauscher ist, der ein Flachrohr als ein Wärmeübertragungsrohr nutzt.
  5. Wärmequellensystem nach Anspruch 2, wobei
    das eine Ende einer ersten Wärmemediumleitung (6a) mit dem anderen Ende einer ersten Wärmemediumleitung (6a) benachbart zu dem einen Ende an einem ersten Verbindungsabschnitt (6c) in der mechanischen Kammer (10) verbunden ist, und
    das eine Ende einer zweiten Wärmemediumleitung (6b) mit dem anderen Ende einer zweiten Wärmemediumleitung (6b) benachbart zu dem einen Ende an einem zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt (6c) in der mechanischen Kammer (10) verbunden ist.
EP14896571.8A 2014-07-02 2014-07-02 Wärmequellenvorrichtung und wärmequellensystem mit der wärmequellenvorrichtung Active EP3165849B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2014/067620 WO2016002023A1 (ja) 2014-07-02 2014-07-02 熱源装置及びその熱源装置を備えた熱源システム

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JP2019007642A (ja) * 2017-06-21 2019-01-17 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 冷凍装置
JPWO2020035945A1 (ja) * 2018-08-17 2021-04-30 三菱電機株式会社 フリークーリングユニット

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JP6310077B2 (ja) 2018-04-11
EP3165849A1 (de) 2017-05-10
CN106461276A (zh) 2017-02-22
WO2016002023A1 (ja) 2016-01-07
EP3165849A4 (de) 2018-02-21
JPWO2016002023A1 (ja) 2017-04-27

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