EP3155284A1 - Disque de frein pour véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Disque de frein pour véhicule automobile

Info

Publication number
EP3155284A1
EP3155284A1 EP15724523.4A EP15724523A EP3155284A1 EP 3155284 A1 EP3155284 A1 EP 3155284A1 EP 15724523 A EP15724523 A EP 15724523A EP 3155284 A1 EP3155284 A1 EP 3155284A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
cover layer
brake disc
substrate
nickel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15724523.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Lembach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Publication of EP3155284A1 publication Critical patent/EP3155284A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F16D65/127—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by properties of the disc surface; Discs lined with friction material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/44—Carburising
    • C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/48—Nitriding
    • C23C8/50—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F16D65/125—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by the material used for the disc body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
    • F16D2065/1304—Structure
    • F16D2065/132—Structure layered
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F16D2069/0425—Attachment methods or devices
    • F16D2069/0491—Tools, machines, processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
    • F16D2200/0008—Ferro
    • F16D2200/0013—Cast iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
    • F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
    • F16D2200/0047—Ceramic composite, e.g. C/C composite infiltrated with Si or B, or ceramic matrix infiltrated with metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0078—Materials; Production methods therefor laminated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
    • F16D2250/0046—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F16D2250/0061—Joining
    • F16D2250/0069—Adhesive bonding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake disk for a motor vehicle comprising a substrate, in particular a cast iron substrate, at least one friction surface formed on the substrate and at least one cover layer applied at least on the at least one friction surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a brake disc.
  • Brake discs have friction surfaces, which form a tribological system with the brake pads.
  • the friction surfaces of the brake discs heat up due to friction.
  • the braking effect depends on the condition and the surface condition of the friction surface.
  • the brake disc temperature which is increased as a result of the braking processes, possibly in conjunction with corrosive media such as water and road salt, leads to or accelerates corrosion occurring on the friction surfaces. For this reason, brake discs are often at the friction surfaces with a
  • Brake disc main body extend, or cover layer and body different electrochemical voltage potentials, it can lead to corrosion of the body under the cover layer (corrosive infiltration), which leads to a delamination of the coated body and thus to restrictions to the loss of braking effect.
  • Brake discs made of iron-based material provided with a corrosion protection layer by undergoing a nitrocarburizing surface treatment and subsequent oxidative aftertreatment.
  • Recesses such as holes (perforated brake disc) or slots to introduce into the friction surfaces.
  • Such recesses would be the top layer pierced, which can again come to the corrosion of the body.
  • Brake rotor on a connection layer and an underlying diffusion layer Is located at the surface of the compound layer has a Fe 3 0 4 containing oxide layer before, including, the connection layer primarily of ⁇ -iron nitride, Fe 3 N, and a minor proportion ⁇ '-iron nitride, Fe N.
  • the diffusion layer contains the iron-based material has a concentration diffused nitrogen which is lower than in the tie layer.
  • DE 10 201 1 053 253 A1 describes a brake disk made of carrier part and friction ring, which are connected to one another via connecting elements made of steel material.
  • the connecting elements at least at the end portions on a corrosion protection layer, which consists of a corresponding diffusion layer, an overlying Eisencarbonitride compound layer and an oxide layer lying thereon.
  • the nitrocarburization is carried out in a normal pressure gas process, wherein the compound layer of iron carbonitrides is formed, whereupon in a plasma-assisted vacuum method, the surface of the connecting layer is activated before by oxidation in the normal pressure gas process, a closed and uniform oxide layer is formed.
  • EP 2 394 072 B1 describes a method for producing a cast iron brake disk for a vehicle, the friction surfaces of which are produced by means of carburizing, carbonitriding, case hardening, gas nitriding, oxide nitriding, gas nitrocarburizing, plasma nitriding,
  • the friction surfaces can be provided with a coating of tungsten carbide, chromium carbide and nickel or of tungsten carbide, cobalt, chromium and nickel before the after-treatment.
  • DE 10 2004 016 092 A1 discloses a brake disk with a main body and a coating with at least one wear-resistant layer serving as a friction layer.
  • Layer thickness of the coating is a maximum of about 150 pm.
  • a method is known to provide a brake disk with a marking on the friction surfaces of the brake disk.
  • a chemical or physical treatment of the brake disc is performed by a template in the form of marking.
  • the brake disc has an area in the form of the marking, the other properties, such as a different hardness, than the rest of the
  • DE 10 201 1075 821 A1 discloses a brake disk with a base body and a wear layer applied thereto. To realize the bond between the wear layer and the base body, the contact surface of the base body is pretreated by laser radiation to modify the surface topography, DE 10 2010 013 343 A1 describes a friction disk with a wear protection layer and an integrated wear indicator. Between the
  • Wear protection layer and the friction disc is at least one
  • Indicating surface which occupies a part of the friction surface and differs by at least one of the features coloring and structure of the friction surface and the wear protection layer.
  • the indication surface element is set free by removing the wear protection layer.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a brake disc with optical markings, which is still protected against corrosion and wear.
  • the invention is based on the general idea, instead of recesses which penetrate the brake disc, to introduce optical markings in the cover layer. This preserves the anticorrosion effect of the cover layer.
  • the cover layer is harder and thinner than the substrate, color changes being incorporated in the cover layer. It is therefore essential that the substrate is still covered by the cover layer where the color changes are located.
  • the cover layer is preferably a wear protection layer or
  • Corrosion protection layer and the substrate a brake disc body made of gray cast iron. It can color changes are introduced to allow identification, for example, with a brand, type number or serial number, the brake disc.
  • the top layer has a microhardness of greater than 300 HV.03, more preferably greater than 500 HV.03 or most preferably greater than 800 HV.03. Due to the high hardness of the cover layer, the wear of the cover layer is reduced, so that the service life is increased.
  • a particularly favorable possibility provides that the cover layer ceramic,
  • C / SiC carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide
  • Al-SiC silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum alloy
  • Layer thickness below 1000 pm in particular has a layer thickness between 100 and 500 pm.
  • the cost of the cover layer can be reduced.
  • the nitride, carbide, and / or oxide-containing layers comprise, that are formed by nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing and / or oxidizing.
  • the cover layer consists of a cermet material of a metallic matrix and a ceramic component distributed therein, which constitutes 30 to 70% by weight of the cermet material.
  • Ceramic refers to very hard and wear-resistant composites of ceramic materials in a metallic matrix with high thermal shock and
  • Nitrocarburizing and / or oxidizing hardened surface layer formed as an electrochemical barrier gives the component significantly improved corrosion and crack resistance.
  • corrosive infiltration with the consequence of total failure of the layer system by delamination significantly delayed and thus the life and longevity of the layer system or the component - such as Brake disc in the vehicle - significantly extended.
  • the metallic matrix is a high-alloyed CrNiMo steel, which preferably has a composition comprising 28% by weight chromium, 16% by weight nickel, 4.5% by weight molybdenum, 1.5% by weight % Silicon, 1.75% carbon by weight, balance iron.
  • the metallic matrix is a NiCrMo alloy which preferably has a composition comprising 20 to 23% by weight of chromium, up to 5% by weight of iron, 8 to 10% by weight of molybdenum, 3 , 15 to 4.15 wt .-% of niobium and tantalum in sum, balance nickel, particularly preferably a composition comprising 21, 5 wt .-% chromium, 2.5 wt .-% iron, 9.0 wt .-% molybdenum , 3.7 wt .-% of niobium and tantalum in sum, balance nickel.
  • the ceramic component comprises oxide ceramics selected from Al 2 O 3 , Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 and MgAl 2 0 4 and combinations thereof.
  • the ceramic component Al 2 0 3 and at least one further oxide ceramic comprises, selected from the group comprising Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 , MgAI 2 0 4 , wherein Al 2 0 3, a proportion of 60 to 90 wt. -% of the total
  • the surface layer starting from the substrate has a diffusion layer, a nitride- and carbide-containing bonding layer and an oxide layer, wherein the diffusion layer has a layer thickness of 0.1 to 0.8 mm, the bonding layer has a layer thickness of 2 to 30 ⁇ and the oxide layer has a layer thickness of 1 to 5 pm.
  • the tie layer contains predominantly ⁇ -iron nitride, as well as other nitrides and carbides.
  • the oxide layer preferably contains predominantly iron oxide.
  • an intermediate layer which consists of a nickel-based alloy, preferably a nickel chromium alloy, or of the metallic matrix consisting of the nickel-based alloy or the intermediate layer
  • Matrix metal has a layer thickness of 30 to 120 pm.
  • Cover layer covered areas mechanically roughened or profiled, so that the cover layer interlocks with the substrate.
  • a favorable solution envisages nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing in a gas, plasma or salt bath process and / or oxidizing, preferably nitrocarburizing, plasma activating and oxidizing, the substrate, at least at the friction surfaces, thereby forming, by anodic or plasma oxidation of the
  • the application of the cermet material can be carried out by thermal spraying.
  • a particularly favorable solution provides before the nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing and / or oxidizing that the surfaces of the substrate, at least to the
  • Friction surfaces mechanically roughened or profiled.
  • Nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing and / or oxidizing the substrate surface, a nickel-based alloy or the pure matrix metal are applied to the surface layer and so an additional intermediate layer as wear protection and optionally be formed to assist the adhesion of the cover layer to the surface layer.
  • the nickel-based alloy or the matrix metal can also be applied by thermal spraying.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a brake disc according to the invention with several
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a section of the brake disc, in the region of a depression, along the line AA of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a section of the brake disc, in the region of a depression, with an alternative form of the depression, along the line AA of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view through a section of an inventive
  • Brake disc without recess with hardened surface layer another nickel-based intermediate layer and cover layer
  • 5 shows a cross-sectional view through a section of a brake disk according to the invention with the surface layer formed from diffusion layer, connecting layer and oxide layer, a further nickel-based intermediate layer and covering layer
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a section of a brake disk according to the invention with the surface layer formed from diffusion layer, connecting layer and oxide layer, a further nickel-based intermediate layer and covering layer
  • FIG. 6 is a microscopic micrograph of a portion of a brake disc according to the invention with profiled surface and hardened surface layer, another nickel-based
  • the invention relates to a brake disk 1 with a substrate 2, in particular with a cast iron substrate whose corrosion and wear properties are improved by a hardened surface layer 3 and a cover layer 4 applied thereon, optionally also further layers, wherein color changes 5 and optionally recesses 6, which do not penetrate the cover layer 4, are introduced into the cover layer 4.
  • the layers prevent or reduce z. As the spread of cracks that can occur during operation of the brake disc 1 on the surface. The fact that the crack propagation is avoided in the substrate 2, a corrosive infiltration of the layers is effectively prevented, so that it does not come or only much later for failure of the brake disc 1, for example by delamination.
  • the recesses 6 may be intended for example for cleaning the brake pads or be designed as a wear marker.
  • a brake disk 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a hub 7 and at least one, for example two, friction surfaces 8, which are arranged coaxially with the hub. Brake pads are applied to the friction surfaces during a braking process.
  • the friction surfaces 8 each have the surface layer 3 and the cover layer 4 applied thereto. In each cover layer several, for example four, recesses 6 are introduced.
  • the recesses 6 are introduced only in the cover layer 4, so the cover layer 4 does not penetrate.
  • the residual thickness of the cover layer 4 below the recesses 6 should be large enough to prevent white ⁇ terhin cracking in the top layer. 4
  • the depressions 6 can be introduced into the cover layer 4 with the aid of a pulsed laser. With the pulsed laser, the cover layer 4 can be processed without exerting large forces on the cover layer 4. As a result, damage to the cover layer 4 can be avoided even with small layer thicknesses of the cover layer 4.
  • the pulsed laser makes it possible to form the depressions 6 almost as desired. For example, steep edges or smooth transitions between the surface and the recess 6 are possible.
  • a color change 9 of the surface can also be made possible with the aid of the pulsed laser.
  • serial numbers For example, serial numbers,
  • Type numbers or trademarks are applied to the friction surfaces 8 of the brake disc 1. It is also possible to use a recess 6 for the identification of the brake disc 1.
  • a hardened surface layer 3 is formed by nitriding, carburizing, nitrocarburizing and / or oxidizing, to which a cover layer 4 is applied.
  • the cover layer 4 consists of a cermet material of a metallic matrix and a ceramic component distributed therein, which constitutes 30 to 70 wt .-% of the cermet material.
  • An alternative brake disk shown in FIG. 4 has, between the hardened surface layer 3 and the cover layer 4, an additional intermediate layer 10 of a nickel-based alloy, preferably a corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant nickel chromium alloy.
  • a brake disc according to the invention comprises on the substrate 2, which forms a cast brake disc blank 12, the hardened surface layer 3, preferably by nitrocarburizing, plasma activating and oxidizing by the IONIT OX TM method, but optionally also by other nitrating, carburizing, nitrocarburizing and / or oxidation processes is formed.
  • the surface of the substrate 2 may be previously be profiled chanically.
  • the surface layer 3 is composed of a diffusion layer 31, a connection layer 32 and an oxide layer 33.
  • the layer thickness is in a range of 2 to 30 ⁇ , predominantly ⁇ -iron nitride or carbonitride and to a lesser extent ⁇ '-iron nitride and Special nitrides are formed.
  • the diffusion layer 31 extends into the substrate 2, which has lower concentrations of diffused nitrogen and carbon than in the bonding layer 32, and the nitrogen is in "solution" in the substrate structure besides the special nitrides, carbides, and nitride precipitates 31 is in a range of 0.1 to 0.8 mm, depending on the treatment conditions and the substrate properties.
  • the surface of the connecting layer 32 is oxidized after plasma activation, so that a substantially closed oxide layer 33 of Fe 3 0 4 with a layer thickness in the range of 1 to 5 pm is formed on the connecting layer 32, which has a defined pore structure.
  • an intermediate layer 10 made of a nickel-based alloy or the matrix metal is applied to the oxide layer 33 before the cermet material is applied to form the cover layer 4.
  • the intermediate layer 10 can have a layer thickness in the range from 30 to 120 ⁇ m and the cover layer 4 can have a layer thickness in the range from 100 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • a mixing zone 1 in which the iron oxide of the oxide layer 33 with the nickel-based alloy or the matrix metal of the intermediate layer 10 (or mixed with the matrix metal of the cover layer 4). If the intermediate layer 10 consists of a nickel-based alloy, which differs from the matrix metal, then there is also a mixing zone 11 between the cover layer 4 and the intermediate layer 10. The thickness of the mixing zone 11 may vary depending on the type of application and application parameters.
  • Both the application of the nickel-based alloy or the matrix metal to form the intermediate layer 10 and the application of the cermet material to form the cover layer 4 can be carried out by thermal spraying.
  • the hardened surface layer 3 is on the surface of the substrate 2 with a layer thickness of about 30 ⁇ connecting layer 32 and 3 ⁇ oxide layer 33 before and is indicated by the dashed line .
  • a nickel-based intermediate layer 10 is applied in this embodiment, with a layer thickness of about 100 pm average.
  • the layer thickness of the intermediate layer 10 varies due to the profiled surface of the substrate 2.
  • the cover layer 4 made of cermet has an average thickness of about 350 ⁇ . Variations in the layer thickness also result from the profiled surface of the substrate 2, which, however, advantageously provides a better bond between the cover layer 4 and the substrate 2 coated with the intermediate layer 10 due to this toothing effect.
  • the cover layer 4 and the underlying layers 3, 10 may be limited to tribologically stressed surfaces, that is, to the friction surfaces of the brake disk.
  • the matrix metal may be a high alloy CrNiMo steel or a NiCrMo alloy.
  • a suitable for forming the metallic matrix of the cover layer 4 CrNiMo steel has the composition Fe 28Cr 16 Ni 4.5 Mo 1, 5 Si 1, 75 C.
  • Suitable NiCrMo alloys include Ni 20-23Cr ⁇ 5Fe 8-1 OMo 3.15-4.15Nb (+ Ta) compositions (Inconel TM 625, Special Metals Corporation, Huntington, West Virginia, USA), most preferably Ni 21 , 5Cr 2.5Fe 9.0Mo 3.7 (Nb + Ta).
  • NiCr alloys As a material for forming the intermediate layer 10, other nickel-based alloys, in particular NiCr alloys can also be used.
  • the ceramic component of the cover layer 4 comprises oxide ceramics such as Al 2 O 3 , Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 and MgAl 2 0 4 (spinel). These can be selected individually or in combinations as a reinforcing ceramic component of the cermet.
  • the ceramic component may have at least one further oxide ceramic as a minor component, which is selected from the group comprising TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , MgAl 2 O 4 .
  • the proportion of Al 2 0 3 of the total ceramic component, the proportion in the cermet material in the range of 30 to 70 wt .-% of the cermet material can account for 60 to 90 wt .-%.
  • the further oxide ceramic Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 and / or MgAl 2 0 4 is then present in a proportion of 10 to 40 wt .-% of the total ceramic component.
  • the proportion of Al 2 0 3 of the total ceramic component in the range of 75 to 85 wt .-%, preferably 80 wt .-%.
  • the covering layer 4 of the cermet material for example applied by thermal spraying, has a porosity of less than 5% and a microhardness of between 300 HV.03 and 1000 HV.03.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un disque de frein (1) destiné à un véhicule automobile, comprenant un substrat (2), en particulier un substrat en fonte grise, au moins une surface de friction (8) formée sur le substrat (2) et au moins une couche de recouvrement appliquée au moins sur la surface de friction (8), la couche de recouvrement étant plus dure et plus mince que le substrat (2), et un changement de couleur étant introduit dans la couche de recouvrement au moyen d'impulsions laser (9) dans le but de permettre l'identification.
EP15724523.4A 2014-06-14 2015-05-23 Disque de frein pour véhicule automobile Withdrawn EP3155284A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014008844.8A DE102014008844A1 (de) 2014-06-14 2014-06-14 Bremsscheibe für ein Kraftfahrzeug
PCT/EP2015/001064 WO2015188918A1 (fr) 2014-06-14 2015-05-23 Disque de frein pour véhicule automobile

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EP3155284A1 true EP3155284A1 (fr) 2017-04-19

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EP (1) EP3155284A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2017523353A (fr)
CN (1) CN106415048A (fr)
DE (1) DE102014008844A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015188918A1 (fr)

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CN106415048A (zh) 2017-02-15
DE102014008844A1 (de) 2015-12-17
US20170122392A1 (en) 2017-05-04
JP2017523353A (ja) 2017-08-17

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