Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
  • B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
  • B01J19/242—Tubular reactors in series
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
  • C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
  • C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
  • C08G18/341—Dicarboxylic acids, esters of polycarboxylic acids containing two carboxylic acid groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
  • C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
  • C08G18/4238—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
  • C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
  • C08G18/4269—Lactones
  • C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
  • C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
  • C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
  • C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
  • C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
  • C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
  • C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
  • C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
  • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
  • C08G18/7678—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of stable prepolymers based on high-melting diisocyanates, in particular of 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, and their use for the production of polyurethane elastomers, in particular cast elastomers.
• Polyurethane cast elastomers are widely used in the art. They are mostly used for the production of cellular or solid moldings. They are usually prepared by reacting an isocyanate component with a component containing isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms. The latter component is usually polyhydric alcohols, amines and / or water.
• the prepolymer process has therefore been established in the art, in which first a long-chain diol component is reacted with excess diisocyanate to form a liquid NCO prepolymer, which is subsequently reacted with a short-chain diol, e.g. 1, 4-butanediol or amines such as methylene bis (o-chloro-aniline) (MOCA) or diethyl-toluenediamine (DETDA) and / or water is reacted.
• MOCA o-chloro-aniline
• DETDA diethyl-toluenediamine
• Polyethers polycarbonates and preferably polyesters, particularly preferably poly- ⁇ -caprolactone, are used as the long-chain diol component.
• Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) are used as isocyanate component as pure isomer or as mixture of isomers.
• Particularly high-grade cast elastomers are obtained with high-melting diisocyanates such as p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyl diisocyanate (TODI) and, in particular, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI).
• NDI casting elastomers based on polyesters, preferably poly- ⁇ - caprolactones and chain extenders are marketed eg under the trade name VULKOLLAN ® from Bayer MaterialScience.
• NDI elastomers are also prepared by the prepolymer process.
• the prepolymers homogeneously liquid in the reaction with the chain extenders must be, this is not without problems, since the usual NDI prepolymers with suitable NCO contents still contain several percent free NDI monomer, because of its high melting point of 127 ° C even at temperatures well above 100 ° C very quickly crystallized.
• the NDI prepolymers are usually always processed very quickly.
• EP-A-1 918 315 describes a process for the preparation of NCO prepolymers based on high-melting diisocyanates, in particular of NDI, according to which stable even at low temperatures, ie. H. homogeneous liquid prepolymers with NCO contents of 2.5 to 6.0% and monomer contents of 1, 0 to 5.0% can be obtained in the polyols such as polyester, poly- ⁇ -caprolactone, polycarbonate and Polyether diols having molecular weights of 1 .000 to 3,000 g / mol and viscosities of ⁇ 700 mPas / 75 ° C, if appropriate, in the presence of additives at temperatures of 80-240 ° C are reacted with the diisocyanate. It is essential that the reaction mixture is cooled rapidly immediately after the end of the reaction.
• NDI is also used as a synonym for other high-melting diisocyanates such as PPDI and TODI.
• NCO prepolymers based on TDI and MDI and polyols are usually prepared by initially introducing the entire liquid optionally molten isocyanate and the polyol metered in temperature-controlled. This ensures that an excess of NCO groups is present during the entire course of the reaction, whereby a pre-extension of the polyol with appropriate molecular weight and viscosity structure is largely avoided.
• this method can not be applied to prepolymers based on high-melting diisocyanates. For example, if NDI prepolymers were used, the reaction would have to be above the melting point of NDI, i. H.
• EP-A-1 918 315 therefore describes a batch process for the preparation of NDI prepolymers in which the polyol is introduced at 120 to 135 ° C. and the NDI in solid form is added in one portion. The NDI proceeds proportionately in solution or melts and reacts with the diol.
• a urethane layer is formed on the inner walls of the reactor. This layer becomes thicker and thicker with increasing number of approaches and the heat transfer, so that soon an exact temperature control, which is critical for this process, is impossible.
• the reactor must then undergo a complex purification.
• EP-A-1 918 315 also claims a continuous process for the preparation of NCO prepolymers based on high-melting diisocyanates, in particular NDI.
• a process using reaction extruders in which a mixture of the polyols already described for the batch process and solid aromatic diisocyanate, in particular NDI, in one of the first zones of the extruder is heated to at least 180 to 240 ° C and in subsequent Degassing of the extruder under degassing by applying a slight vacuum is rapidly cooled to temperatures ⁇ 100 ° C.
• the polyols used for this purpose are heated to higher temperatures before use.
• polyesters are stored at 100 to 140 ° C., polyethers at 80 to 120 ° C.
• Other continuous reactors are not mentioned.
• This Konti method has disadvantages. As with the disclosed Bach process, the dosage of solid NDI is complicated in terms of process technology and work hygiene. At temperatures above 180 ° C, it is to be feared that the above-described quality-critical side reactions already occur to a noticeable extent. Another disadvantage is the very high cost of purchase and maintenance of extruders and their high cleaning effort, whereby the efficiency of the process is impaired.
• NCO prepolymers based on high-melting diisocyanates in particular NDI
• NDI high-melting diisocyanates
• the present invention is a process for the preparation of NCO prepolymers based on diisocyanates having a melting point> 70 ° C, wherein the prepolymers NCO contents of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight and viscosities of 800 to 5,000 mPas / 100 ° C, characterized in that a) a liquid diisocyanate having a melting point> 70 ° C or mixtures of such diisocyanates
• polystyrene resin having average molecular weights of from 1,000 to 3,000 g / mol, viscosities of ⁇ 700 mPas / 75 ° C and a functionality of from 1.95 to 2.15, selected from the group consisting of polyether, polycarbonate and polyester, optionally in the presence of c) additives such as catalysts, emulsifiers and preferably stabilizers at temperatures of 80 to 175 ° C, optionally after prior mixing in a mixing device, is reacted continuously in a tubular reactor, the diisocyanate already before contact with the polyol (s) is in liquid form,
• the maximum reaction temperature is not higher than 60 K, above the melting temperature of the diisocyanate and the reaction mixture is then cooled in a time frame of up to 10 min to ⁇ 100 ° C.
• the present invention also provides the prepolymers obtainable by the process according to the invention.
• the present invention also relates to the use of the prepolymers according to the invention for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers, preferably cast elastomers, by known processes, e.g. by reaction with chain extenders.
• diisocyanates i. as diisocyanates having a melting point> 70 ° C
• diisocyanates having a melting point> 70 ° C for example p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyl diisocyanate (TODI), 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI) or mixtures of these diisocyanates are used .
• PPDI p-phenylene diisocyanate
• TODI 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenyl diisocyanate
• NDI 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate
• Polyols having 2 or more OH groups can be used in the process according to the invention. Preference is given to diols.
• the group of polyols to be used include polyethers, polycarbonates and polyesters, with polyesters being preferred.
• Suitable polyethers are hydroxyloxy-initiated polyoxyalkylene oxides, e.g. Polypropylene oxides.
• Preferred are linear polyoxytetramethylene glycols obtained by ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran.
• Suitable polycarbonates are linear carbonates with hydroxyl end groups containing on average at least 3 carbonate groups. They are e.g. prepared by condensation of diols with phosgene, dimethyl carbonate or diphenyl carbonate.
• Suitable polyesters are hydroxy-functional condensation products of dicarboxylic acids, preferably adipic acid or succinic acid, and excess polyfunctional alcohols, preferably ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol and 1, 6-butanediol. Preference is given to poly- ⁇ -caprolactones. These are prepared by ring-opening polymerization of ⁇ -caprolactone using difunctional starter molecules, preferably aliphatic diols, and / or water.
• polyesters preferably poly- ⁇ -caprolactones
• polyesters are used in b).
• polyesters are used as one or more polyols b) polyester, preferably poly-s-caprolactone.
• Suitable additives are catalysts, emulsifiers, UV and hydrolysis stabilizers, and preferably stabilizers, which are commonly used in polyurethane chemistry.
• An overview can be found e.g. in "Kunststoff Handbuch Bd. 7, ed. G. ⁇ rtel, 1983, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, Vienna".
• catalysts are trialkylamines, diazabicyclooctane, dibutyltin dilaurate, / V-alkylmorpholines, lead, zinc, calcium and magnesium octoate, and the corresponding naphthenates, p-nitrophenolates, etc.
• UV and hydrolysis protectants examples include 2,6-di-he / f-butyl-4-methylphenol and carbodiimides.
• Suitable stabilizers are Br ⁇ nsted and Lewis acids such as hydrochloric acid, benzoyl chloride, dibutyl phosphate, adipic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, racemic acid, citric acid, etc., furthermore alkyl and arylsulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and preferably dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.
• the stabilizers are generally added in an amount of from 5 to 2000 ppm by weight, preferably from 20 to 1000 ppm by weight, very particularly preferably from 50 to 500 ppm by weight, based on the amount of polyol used.
• NCO prepolymers based on diisocyanates having a melting point> 70 ° C wherein the prepolymers NCO contents of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight and viscosities of 800 to 5,000 mPas / 100 ° C, a) a liquid diisocyanate having a melting point> 70 ° C or mixtures of such diisocyanates with b) one or more polyols having average molecular weights of 1,000 to
• additives such as catalysts or emulsifiers
• the diisocyanate is already in liquid form before contact with the polyol / polyols, and wherein the maximum reaction temperature is not higher than 60 K, preferably not higher than 30 K, above the melting temperature of the diisocyanate and the reaction mixture is then cooled in a time frame of up to 10 min to ⁇ 100 ° C.
• the adjuvants which are optionally to be used can be added, either dissolved in one or both of the educt streams, or as a separate stream, dissolved in one of the two starting components. Preference is given to the concomitant use of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, which is added either dissolved in the isocyanate or preferably dissolved in the polyol component.
• Suitable dynamic mixers such. Spiked mixers, or preferably static mixers, e.g. Smooth jet nozzles or particularly preferred static mixer.
• Suitable tube rectors are heatable, d. H. controlled heating or cooling tubular reactors, which may contain internals for good mixing of the reactant streams and better heat dissipation.
• tubular reactors of the mixer-heat exchanger type which, in addition to the mixing elements in the flow tube, contain a tube bundle through which a temperature control medium flows.
• These produce at a given Edukteteintrag even with laminar flow profile so good mixing that they can be regarded as quasi-turbulent over the entire pipe section.
• cross-mixing and surface renewal are controlled in terms of flow and the backmixing is effectively reduced to a minimum, which would lead to an undesirably broad molecular weight distribution.
• the continuous reaction in the tubular reactor takes place in a preferred embodiment in the pressure range ⁇ 30 bar, preferably ⁇ 10 bar, particularly preferably in the range ⁇ 4 bar.
• the tube reactor is heated so that the temperature of the reaction mixture in the reactor at 80 to 175 ° C, but not higher than 60 K, preferably 30 K, is above the melting temperature of the diisocyanate. It may be advantageous to use a reactor with different temperature zones or preferably several differently tempered reactors. This allows lowering the reaction temperature as the reaction progresses to temperatures below the melting point of the isocyanate, with the initial residence time above the melting temperature of the diisocyanate being such that crystallization of unreacted diisocyanate is prevented. As a result, the extent of the side reactions described above can be minimized.
• the initial reaction temperature from 130 to 150 ° C to 100 to 120 ° C after a residence time of 3 to 15 minutes, preferably e to 10 minutes.
• the reaction time, ie the residence time in the reactor or the total residence time in the reactors should be chosen so that the OH groups are largely reacted, ie a Umsetzumgsgrad of at least 99%, preferably 99.5% is achieved, or the NCO- Content of the NCO prepolymer in a range of + 0.3% of the calculated theoretical NCO content of the prepolymer.
• reaction mixture in a time frame of up to 10 minutes, preferably from 2 to 5 minutes to temperatures ⁇ 100 ° C, preferably ⁇ 80 ° C, cooled.
• Suitable apparatus for the cooling step are, for example, heat exchangers or preferably temperature-controllable static mixers.
• the cooling is carried out continuously.
• the course of the reaction is advantageously followed by various measuring devices.
• Particularly suitable for this purpose are devices for measuring the temperature, the viscosity, the refractive index and / or the thermal conductivity in flowing media and / or for measuring infrared and / or near-infrared spectra.
• the NCO prepolymers prepared by the process according to the invention are reacted at higher temperatures with one or more chain extenders.
• the production of cast elastomers is well known to the person skilled in the art and is described in detail, for example, in "Kunststoff Handbuch Bd. 7, ed. G. ⁇ rtel, 1983, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, Vienna".
• chain extenders Preference is given to linear ⁇ , ⁇ -diols having 2 to 12 C atoms, such as 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol, aromatic diamines, such as e.g.
• MOCA o-chloroaniline
• DETDA diethyl toluenediamine
• the NCO prepolymers prepared by the process according to the invention have NCO contents of 2.5 to 6.0% by weight, preferably 3.0 to 5.0% by weight, and viscosities of 800 to 5000 mPas / 100 ° C., preferably 1, 000 to 2,500 mPas / 100 ° C and can be used advantageously for the production of solid as well as cellular elastomers.
• the NCO content of the prepolymers described in the Examples and Comparative Examples was determined by titration in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1 909.
• the dynamic viscosities were determined at the respective temperature with the viscometer VT 550 from Haake. Measurements at different shear rates ensured that the flow behavior of the described NCO prepolymers according to the invention corresponds to the ideal Newtonian liquids. The specification of the shear rate can therefore be omitted.
• Terethane TM 2000 Polytetramethylene ether glycol from Invista with a molecular weight of 2000 Da and an OH functionality of 2.
• Desmophen TM 2001 KS Ethylene glycol 1, 4-butanediol adipate from Bayer MaterialScience with a molecular weight of 2000 Da and an OH functionality of 2.
• CAPA TM 2161A Poly- ⁇ -caprolactone from Perstorp with a molecular weight of 1600 Da and an OH functionality of 2.
• Desmodur TM 15 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate from Bayer MaterialScience.
• Desmodur TM 15S37 prepolymer from Bayer MaterialScience based on CAPA TM 2161A and Desmodur TM 15, prepared in a batch process as described in EP-A-1 918 315.
• Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Fa. Aldrich.
• a miniplant is used (see Fig. 1), which consists of heated educt templates for isocyanate (stream 1) and polyol (stream 2), two pumps for the reactants, a mixer, one or two tubular reactors of the mixer-heat exchanger type, a product cooler and a product template.
• the isocyanate template is heated to 150 ° C, the polyol initial charge to 80 ° C, the polyol template 250 ppm by weight (based on the amount of polyol used) Dodecylbenzolsulfonkla.
• the isocyanate line to the feed pump and from there to the mixer is heated to 150 ° C, while the analogous polyol lines and the Mixer be tempered to 130 ° C.
• a microcascade mixer from Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik BTS (Wendelsheim, Germany) is used.
• a reactor (DN20) with a volume of 1 18 mL is used, which is heated to 130 ° C.
• the first reactor (DN20) has a volume of 58 mL and is heated to 130 ° C
• the second reactor (DN20) has a volume of 1 18 mL and is heated to 1 10 ° C.
• a double-walled tube is used, which is heated to 80
• first stream 2 is switched to TCB while maintaining the flow rate, and 2 min later also stream 1 is switched to TCB.
• the system is rinsed with solvent for a further time.
• the educts are first passed into a mixer, premixed there and then reacted in one or two successive reactors to the prepolymer. Subsequently, the prepolymer is cooled in a subsequent cooler to ⁇ 80 ° C and then collected.
• 600 g of the prepolymers listed are degassed by stirring for 15 minutes in vacuo at about 20 mbar and 90 ° C and treated at this temperature with 21, 6 g of 1, 4-butanediol.
• the mixture is then blended in a Speedmixer for 30 s at 1800 rpm. homogenized and poured into a pre-heated to 1 10 ° C folding mold with 12 mm layer thickness.
• the casting and solidification times are determined on a table top at 1 10 ° C.
• the filled molds are first tempered for 24 h at 110 ° C. After demolding, the test specimens are stored for a further 4 weeks at room temperature and subsequently characterized.
• Test climate 23 ° C, 52% r.F. Measurement duration: 3 sec.
• Tester TM000653
• Test climate 23 ° C, 52% r.F.
• Load cell TM000536, Transducer: TM000669, Test speed: 500 mm / min.
• Test climate 23 ° C, 52% r.F. Testing machine: TM000671
• DVR Compression set
• Specimen Type B 13 mm cross-section, room temperature: 23 ° C, conditioning> 3 h, recovery phase 30 min.
• Thickness measuring probe upper measuring surface 4.0mm, test system: TM900004
• Table 2 Properties of the elastomers cast from the prepolymers.
• a comparison of the mechanical data of the elastomers shows that the prepolymers of the invention give at least equivalent, sometimes even better, elastomers than the commercial prepolymer Desmodur TM 15 S37, which is prepared in a batch process.
• the yield strength at 82 kN / m compared with 64 kN / m in the commercial product is improved by 28% due to the lower content of higher-functionality allophanates due to the process.
• the batch data of some Desmodur TM 15 S37 lots show, significant quality variations in the batch process are unavoidable.
• the quality of the prepolymers prepared by the continuous process according to the invention is significantly more constant for each defined setting.
• these have Prepolymers always lower levels of higher functional allophanates than comparable prepolymers from batch production or Konti-production in an extruder, as described for example in EP-A-1 918 315.

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• 2015
  • 2015-06-03 AU AU2015270465A patent/AU2015270465A1/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 2015-06-03 US US15/316,257 patent/US20170152342A1/en not_active Abandoned
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