EP3150744A1 - Elektroplattierungsbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd-legierung, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung von dieser legierung, substrat mit dieser legierung und verwendung des substrats - Google Patents
Elektroplattierungsbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd-legierung, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung von dieser legierung, substrat mit dieser legierung und verwendung des substrats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3150744A1 EP3150744A1 EP15187511.9A EP15187511A EP3150744A1 EP 3150744 A1 EP3150744 A1 EP 3150744A1 EP 15187511 A EP15187511 A EP 15187511A EP 3150744 A1 EP3150744 A1 EP 3150744A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- palladium
- alloy
- substrate
- copper
- electroplating bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 100
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 tin(IV) compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RFLFDJSIZCCYIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);sulfate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RFLFDJSIZCCYIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical group Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-3-methylpyrazole Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=CN1C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1Br QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNSQPMMGUIWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCC(N)Cl GNSQPMMGUIWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BNZCDZDLTIHJAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumylethylazanium;sulfate Chemical compound NCC[NH3+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BNZCDZDLTIHJAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-6-nitroaniline Chemical compound NC1=C(Br)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001416177 Vicugna pacos Species 0.000 claims description 2
- CLHMLJLPKQQWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)(ON)[O-].[N+](=O)(ON)[O-] Chemical compound [N+](=O)(ON)[O-].[N+](=O)(ON)[O-] CLHMLJLPKQQWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AUJJPYKPIQVRDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony potassium Chemical compound [K].[Sb] AUJJPYKPIQVRDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- JRLDUDBQNVFTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);trinitrate Chemical class [Sb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JRLDUDBQNVFTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth chloride Chemical compound Cl[Bi](Cl)Cl JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- SBXFGBBTYRHJFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diamino sulfate Chemical compound NOS(=O)(=O)ON SBXFGBBTYRHJFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IOUCSUBTZWXKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O IOUCSUBTZWXKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- AEPKDRAICDFPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O AEPKDRAICDFPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Pd]Br INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VIDTVPHHDGRGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium sulfide Chemical compound [Se]=S VIDTVPHHDGRGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- LNBXMNQCXXEHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Se](Cl)(Cl)Cl LNBXMNQCXXEHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(4+) Chemical class [Sn+4] SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc cyanide Chemical compound [Zn+2].N#[C-].N#[C-] GTLDTDOJJJZVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 21
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910002855 Sn-Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 7
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910020462 K2SnO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000774 hypoallergenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002009 allergenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002528 Cu-Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PDYXSJSAMVACOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Zn].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn].[Sn] PDYXSJSAMVACOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001449 indium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/58—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/60—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
- C25D5/611—Smooth layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/627—Electroplating characterised by the visual appearance of the layers, e.g. colour, brightness or mat appearance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/005—Jewels; Clockworks; Coins
Definitions
- the invention provides an electroplating bath for electrochemical deposition of a novel Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy on a substrate.
- the novel alloy is characterized by exceptional corrosion resistance.
- the commonly used precious metal intermediate layer e.g. a Pd-layer
- the novel alloy can be provided free of toxic metals (e.g. free of nickel) which makes it hypoallergenic and not prone to cause skin irritation.
- the plating of the inventive alloy between a substrate and its finishing layer prevents discolouration or colour fading of the finishing layer over time. All these advantages render the novel alloy particularly suitable for plating it on items of the fashion industry.
- Nickel has been highlighted as an allergenic metal and its use in consumer products is strongly restricted. Prior to these restrictions, a decorative galvanic layer sequence comprised a nickel layer to reach the bright aspect of the final article, but also to optimize the corrosion resistance properties and to function as a copper diffusion barrier. A high robustness is required for the final object in order to resist the aggressive media created by environmental pollution. A specific nickel-phosphorus alloy was also proposed in order to protect articles produced for the Asian market, where the atmosphere tends to contain high nitrogen and sulphur oxide concentrations.
- bronze as a protective under-layer does not provide the provision of a corrosion resistance like the one previously achieved with nickel. These copper alloys are also less efficient as copper diffusion barriers.
- a nickel layer with a bronze layer most variants require the use of a precious metal under-layer like palladium which is commonly applied between the bronze layer and the final decorative finishing layer. This additional under-layer considerably increases the production costs and can lead to a lack of adhesion of the finishing layer due to palladium passivity.
- Tin and other tin alloys as barrier layers with high tin content have also been developed, but are not really efficient regarding the high brightness required by the fashion market or the high resistance necessary to pass pertinent corrosion tests.
- EP 1930 478 B1 presents a quaternary bronze alloy where the fourth metal is gallium, indium or thallium.
- Thallium was introduced into the decorative market as a grain refining agent to substitute lead previously present in typical cyanide bronze electrolytes.
- the use of thallium does not raise the bronzes corrosion resistance i.e. the alloy is still highly sensitive to acidity generated by nitrogen and sulphur oxides present ubiquitously in polluted atmospheres.
- thallium is highly toxic.
- Gallium and indium alloys have the disadvantage that they are poorly resistant to aggressive media such as synthetic sweat or saline humidity.
- EP 2 035 602 B1 proposes the introduction of a palladium, ruthenium, rhodium or cobalt layer between the copper-tin layer and the finishing layer. These metals raise considerably the production costs of the final article. Moreover, the passivity of these electroplated layers results in poor adhesion of the final layer and in poor performance regarding corrosion resistance.
- EP 2 757 180 A1 recommends the use of tin alloys with a precious metal, ruthenium in this particular case.
- the ruthenium content needs to be high and this does not allow reducing the production costs due to the high price of ruthenium.
- the process does not yield products with the bright aspect required by the decorative and fashion industries.
- CN 1175 287 A discloses the deposition of white ornamental surfaces built on a base material covered with copper with a thickness of 1 micron as an under-layer. Said layer is followed by a layer of a Sn-Cu-Pd alloy in a thickness of 0.2 microns or higher, comprising 10-20 wt.-% Sn, 10-80 wt.-% Cu and 10-50 wt.-% Pd as the essential components. Owing to the lack of zinc in this alloy, it does not give the required performance regarding the efficiency as a copper migration barrier.
- This ternary copper-tin-palladium alloy is not suitable as a nickel substitute since the deposit is not bright and shows only poor corrosion resistance.
- an electroplating bath for electrochemical deposition of a Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy (preferably a quaternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy) on a substrate is provided, the bath comprising or consisting of
- the inventive electroplating bath allows the provision of a substrate having an alloy layer which comprises the precious metal palladium.
- the novel alloy resists aggressive atmospheric and other environmental conditions and considerably increases the shelf and usage life of substrates (plated articles). Even without an intermediate precious metal under-layer (e.g. a palladium under-layer) between the substrate and the finishing layer, excellent corrosion protection is provided (pertinent standardized corrosion tests are successfully passed).
- the use of the inventive alloy allows a substantial reduction of the production costs compared to the use of a pure precious metal underlayer.
- the final article can be provided free of toxic metals (e.g. free of nickel) which renders it hypoallergenic and not prone to cause skin irritation.
- the new alloy provides a smooth coating to the article and prevents diffusion of metallic components from the lower layers to the finishing layer and vice versa. Thus, a colour fading or discolouration of the final aspect is prevented.
- the new bronze alloy layer has lower production costs, very high brightness, very high corrosion resistance and excellent ageing behaviour.
- the final colour (yellow or white bronze) may be adjusted.
- a concentration range of 1 to 20 % wt.-% zinc in the final alloy is sufficient.
- the palladium content of ⁇ 0.25 wt.-% in the alloy was found sufficient for providing the required corrosion resistance.
- Production costs can be minimized by keeping the palladium concentration ⁇ 5 wt.-% in the final alloy while corrosion protection performance is maintained. It was found that a palladium content higher than 5 wt.-% in the alloy considerably raises the production costs without significantly improving corrosion resistance.
- the electroplating bath does not comprise a source of nickel ions, preferably no source of nickel and silver ions, optionally no source of nickel, silver and indium ions.
- the electroplating bath may further comprise
- the electroplating bath comprises a complexing agent and a surfactant, preferably a complexing agent, a surfactant and a brightening agent (inorganic and/or organic), more preferably a complexing agent, a surfactant, a brightening agent and a base.
- a complexing agent preferably a complexing agent, a surfactant and a brightening agent (inorganic and/or organic), more preferably a complexing agent, a surfactant, a brightening agent and a base.
- a method for the electrochemical deposition of a Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy on a substrate comprising the steps
- the method may be characterized in that a substrate is used that comprises or consists of a metal or an alloy selected from the group consisting of bronze, brass, Zamack, alpaca, copper alloy, tin alloy, steel and mixtures thereof and/or the substrate used is a metal-plated object of plastic and/or an alloy-plated object of plastic.
- a positive electrode may be used that comprises or consists of an insoluble anode material, preferably graphite, mixed metal oxides, platinated titanium and/or stainless steel.
- the applied voltage is adjusted to provide a current density of 0.05 to 5 A/dm 2 , preferably 0.2 to 3 A/dm 2 .
- the temperature of the electroplating bath may be kept at between 20 and 80 °C, preferably at between 40 to 70 °C. At temperatures below 20 °C, the coating is less bright, not homogeneous and not uniform in its colour. Above 80 °C, the electroplating results in too many break-down products which results in a quick build-up of potassium carbonate as well as a rapid ageing of the electrolyte. The optimum temperature range was discovered to be between 40 to 70°C.
- a substrate comprising an electrochemically deposited Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy layer
- the alloy layer comprising or consisting of
- the Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy layer electrochemically deposited on the inventive substrate is free of cracks, bright and provides the substrate with excellent corrosion resistance. Moreover, the inventive substrate is characterized by an excellent ageing behaviour i.e. it does not show discolouration or colour fading over time.
- the alloy comprises
- a concentration of zinc between 2 and 15% wt.-%.in the alloy was discovered to give the most effective copper diffusion barrier.
- the alloy layer is free of nickel, preferably free of nickel and silver, optionally free of nickel, silver and indium or free of nickel, silver, indium and mercury.
- the thickness of the electrochemically deposited Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy layer may be 1 nm to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 10 nm to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, even more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, most preferably 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- the electrochemically deposited layer comprising or consisting of acidic copper has a thickness of 1 nm to 1 mm, preferably 10 nm to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, even more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, most preferably 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m or even 10 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the electrochemically deposited finishing layer may optionally have a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 0.02 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, most preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m or even 0.2 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the substrate is producible with the inventive method.
- the inventive substrate as fashion item is suggested, preferably as an article selected from the group consisting of jewellery, fashion, leather article, watch, eyewear, trinket, lock and/or perfume packaging application.
- the inventive substrate fulfils all requirements of the fashion industry (especially the one for jewellery and leather goods articles), namely:
- the electroplating method for depositing an alloy on a substrate comprised the following plating sequence:
- Example 1 Electrodeposition of a quaternary white bronze Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd deposit
- the deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition was performed at 60 °C since this temperature turned out to be the best compromise for spreading the (white) brightness range to its maximum and obtaining a homogeneous alloy throughout the current density range.
- the copper plated substrate is introduced into the electrolyte after proper cleaning and activation, with a current density of 1 A/dm 2 applied for 20 minutes in order to raise the Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd bronze layer thickness to 5 microns.
- the final aspect of the ternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd bronze layer is bright and presents a white colour.
- Example 2 Electrodeposition of a quaternary yellow bronze Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd
- the deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition was performed at 50°C since this temperature turned out to be the best compromise for spreading the (yellow) brightness range at its maximum and obtain a homogeneous alloy through the current density range.
- the copper plated substrate is introduced into the electrolyte after proper cleaning and activation with a current density at 1.5 A/dm 2 applied for 15 minutes in order to raise the Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd bronze layer thickness to 5 microns.
- the final aspect of the quaternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd bronze layer is bright and presents a pale yellow colour.
- Reference example 1 Electrodeposition of a ternary white bronze Cu-Sn-Zn deposit
- a deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition is performed using the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the final aspect of the ternary Cu-Sn-Zn bronze layer is bright and presents a white colour.
- Reference example 2 Electrodeposition of a ternary white bronze Cu-Sn-Pd deposit
- the deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition is performed using same conditions as in Example 1.
- the final aspect of the ternary Cu-Sn-Pd bronze layer is hazy and presents a grey colour.
- the aspect of the deposit is not homogeneous.
- the deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition is performed using the same conditions as in Example 2.
- the final aspect of the ternary Cu-Sn-Zn bronze layer is bright and presents a pale yellow colour.
- the deposit was obtained using the following electrolyte solution:
- the electrodeposition is performed using the same conditions as in Example 2.
- the final aspect of the ternary Cu-Sn-Pd bronze layer is bright and presents a yellow colour.
- This nickel layer sequence is used as a reference to highlight the comparable behaviour of the new quaternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy regarding corrosion resistance of final articles.
- Reference Example 6 Electrodeposition of a white ternary Cu-Sn-Zn alloy and a precious metal underlayer sequence
- the layer of ternary bronze and palladium as underlayer sequence is used as a reference to highlight the advantages of the nickel-free quaternary Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy regarding corrosion resistance and the savings in production costs in comparison of the actual hypoallergenic solution.
- Example 1 Copper content Tin content Zinc content Palladium content
- Example 1 White Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 49% 42% 7% 2%
- Example 2 Yellow Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 79% 16% 4.5% 0.5% Ref.
- Example 1 White Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 44% 46% 9% - Ref.
- Example 2 White Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 48% 49% - 3% Ref.
- Example 3 Yellow Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 78% 18% 4% - Ref.
- Example 4 Yellow Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 80% 19% - 1%
- the electroplated products obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to corrosion resistance tests. Salt spray tests were performed according to the ISO 9227 standard. Synthetic sweat resistance tests were conducted following NFS 80722 requirements, and leather interaction resistance was evaluated in accordance with ISO 4611 testing conditions. The resistance to a SO 2 /NO x atmosphere was tested in a close container with high SO 2 and NO x gas concentrations. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 1 No oxidation at 96h No alteration after 48h (upper than required) Similar aspect after 96h (upper than required) No pitting WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m
- Example 2 Oxidation visible at 72h Slight oxidation at 24h No oxidation at 48h Slight oxidation at 96h No pitting YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Ref.
- Example 1 WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Oxidation visible after 48h Corrosion product after 12h Slight alteration Slight alteration Slight alteration after 48h Pitting Ref.
- Example 2 WHITE Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Corrosion products visible after 24h Oxidation visible after 6h Alteration starts at 24h Strong pitting Ref.
- Example 3 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Oxidation visible after 24h Corrosion product after 6h Alteration after 48h Pitting Ref.
- Example 4 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Oxidation visible after 48h Corrosion product after 12h Alteration after 48h Slight pitting Ref.
- Example 5 Nickel + Nickel Phosphorus (15 microns in total) Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m No oxidation at 96h No alteration after 48h (upper than required) Similar aspect after 96h (upper than required) No pitting Ref.
- Example 6 WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Palladium alloy 0.3 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Oxidation visible at 72h Slight oxidation at 24h No oxidation at 48h Slight oxidation at 96h Slight pitting
- Example 1 Bright Without alteration Bright Without alteration WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m
- Example 2 Bright Without alteration Bright Without alteration YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Ref.
- Example 1 WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Bright Without alteration Gold and white bronze layer mixed (white aspect) Ref.
- Example 2 WHITE Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Hazy Without alteration Under-plated copper is migrating to the top of the final articles Ref.
- Example 3 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Bright Without alteration Spots due to copper migration Ref.
- Example 4 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Bright Without alteration Under-plated copper is migrating to the top of the final articles Ref.
- Example 5 Nickel + Nickel Phosphorus (15 microns in total) Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Bright Without alteration Bright Without alteration Ref.
- Example 6 WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Palladium alloy 0.3 ⁇ m Gold finishing 0.5 ⁇ m Bright Without alteration Bright Without alteration
- Nitric acid resistance Example 1 Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd is not altered by nitric acid WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m
- Example 2 Nitric acid dissolves 25% of the alloy YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Ref.
- Example 1 WHITE Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Cu-Sn-Zn alloy is dissolved Ref.
- Example 3 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Zn alloy 5 ⁇ m Cu-Sn-Zn alloy is dissolved Ref.
- Example 4 YELLOW Cu-Sn-Pd alloy 5 ⁇ m Cu-Sn-Pd alloy is dissolved Ref.
- Example 5 Nickel + Nickel Phosphorus (15 microns in total) Nickel phosphorus is not altered by nitric acid
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT151875119T PT3150744T (pt) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Banho de galvanoplastia para deposição eletroquímica de uma camada de liga de cu-sn-zn-pd, método para a deposição eletroquímica da referida camada de liga, substrato que compreende a referida camada de liga e utilizações do substrato revestido |
ES15187511T ES2790583T3 (es) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Baño de galvanoplastia para el depósito electroquímica de una aleación de Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd, procedimiento para el depósito electroquímica de dicha aleación, sustrato que comprende dicha aleación y usos del sustrato |
EP15187511.9A EP3150744B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd legierungsschicht, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung der legierungsschicht, substrat mit der legierungsschicht und verwendungen des beschichteten substrats |
ES16778284T ES2791197T3 (es) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Baño de galvanoplastia para la deposición electroquímica de una aleación de Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd, procedimiento para la deposición electroquímica de dicha aleación, sustrato que comprende dicha aleación y usos del sustrato |
CN201680056531.XA CN108138346B (zh) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | 用于电化学沉积Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd合金的电镀浴、所述合金的电化学沉积方法、包含所述合金的基材和基材的用途 |
PT167782846T PT3356579T (pt) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Banho de galvanoplastia para deposição eletroquímica de uma camada de liga de cu-sn-zn-pd, método para a deposição eletroquímica da referida camada de liga, substrato que compreende a referida camada de liga e utilizações do substrato revestido |
EP16778284.6A EP3356579B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd-legierung, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung von dieser legierung, substrat mit dieser legierung und verwendung des substrats |
PCT/EP2016/073427 WO2017055553A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Electroplating bath for electrochemical deposition of a cu-sn-zn-pd alloy, method for electrochemical deposition of said alloy, substrate comprising said alloy and uses of the substrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15187511.9A EP3150744B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd legierungsschicht, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung der legierungsschicht, substrat mit der legierungsschicht und verwendungen des beschichteten substrats |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3150744A1 true EP3150744A1 (de) | 2017-04-05 |
EP3150744B1 EP3150744B1 (de) | 2020-02-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (2)
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EP15187511.9A Revoked EP3150744B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd legierungsschicht, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung der legierungsschicht, substrat mit der legierungsschicht und verwendungen des beschichteten substrats |
EP16778284.6A Revoked EP3356579B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd-legierung, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung von dieser legierung, substrat mit dieser legierung und verwendung des substrats |
Family Applications After (1)
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EP16778284.6A Revoked EP3356579B1 (de) | 2015-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Galvanikbad zur elektrochemischen abscheidung einer cu-sn-zn-pd-legierung, verfahren zur elektrochemischen abscheidung von dieser legierung, substrat mit dieser legierung und verwendung des substrats |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (2) | EP3150744B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108138346B (de) |
ES (2) | ES2790583T3 (de) |
PT (2) | PT3150744T (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017055553A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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IT201800004235A1 (it) * | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-05 | Lega di bronzo bianco, bagno galvanico e procedimento al fine di produrre la lega di bronzo bianco tramite deposizione elettrogalvanica | |
IT202000011203A1 (it) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-15 | Bluclad S P A | Lega di bronzo inossidabile e suo impiego in prodotti galvanizzati |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ES2790583T3 (es) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-10-28 | Coventya S P A | Baño de galvanoplastia para el depósito electroquímica de una aleación de Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd, procedimiento para el depósito electroquímica de dicha aleación, sustrato que comprende dicha aleación y usos del sustrato |
EP3540097A1 (de) | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-18 | COVENTYA S.p.A. | Elektroplattierte produkte und elektroplattierungsbad zur bereitstellung solcher produkte |
CN108864200B (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-12-11 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | 电镀用硫酸乙二胺钯的一步制备方法 |
FR3118067B1 (fr) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-05-26 | Linxens Holding | Procédé de dépôt d’un alliage de bronze sur un circuit imprimé et circuit imprimé obtenu par ce procédé |
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EP2035602B1 (de) | 2006-06-26 | 2012-03-21 | Byd Company Limited | Galvanisiertes produkt und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
EP1930478B1 (de) | 2006-12-06 | 2013-06-19 | Enthone, Inc. | Zusammensetzung eines Elektrolyten und Verfahren zur Beschichtung von quaternären Kupferlegierungen |
EP2757180A1 (de) | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-23 | Valmet S.p.A. | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Abscheidung einer zinn- und rutheniumbasierten Legierung, Elektrolyt zur Ermöglichung der Abscheidung der besagten Legierung sowie die mittels des besagten Verfahrens erhaltene Legierung |
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ITUB20152876A1 (it) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-05 | Bluclad S R L | Leghe stagno/rame contenenti palladio, metodo per la loro preparazione e loro uso. |
ES2790583T3 (es) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-10-28 | Coventya S P A | Baño de galvanoplastia para el depósito electroquímica de una aleación de Cu-Sn-Zn-Pd, procedimiento para el depósito electroquímica de dicha aleación, sustrato que comprende dicha aleación y usos del sustrato |
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2015
- 2015-09-30 ES ES15187511T patent/ES2790583T3/es active Active
- 2015-09-30 EP EP15187511.9A patent/EP3150744B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2015-09-30 PT PT151875119T patent/PT3150744T/pt unknown
-
2016
- 2016-09-30 EP EP16778284.6A patent/EP3356579B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2016-09-30 ES ES16778284T patent/ES2791197T3/es active Active
- 2016-09-30 PT PT167782846T patent/PT3356579T/pt unknown
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201680056531.XA patent/CN108138346B/zh active Active
- 2016-09-30 WO PCT/EP2016/073427 patent/WO2017055553A1/en unknown
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT201800004235A1 (it) * | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-05 | Lega di bronzo bianco, bagno galvanico e procedimento al fine di produrre la lega di bronzo bianco tramite deposizione elettrogalvanica | |
IT202000011203A1 (it) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-15 | Bluclad S P A | Lega di bronzo inossidabile e suo impiego in prodotti galvanizzati |
WO2021229481A1 (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | Bluclad S.R.L. | Stainless bronze alloy and its use in galvanized products |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3356579B1 (de) | 2020-03-11 |
WO2017055553A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
PT3150744T (pt) | 2020-05-12 |
EP3356579A1 (de) | 2018-08-08 |
ES2790583T3 (es) | 2020-10-28 |
CN108138346B (zh) | 2021-03-05 |
CN108138346A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
EP3150744B1 (de) | 2020-02-12 |
PT3356579T (pt) | 2020-06-16 |
ES2791197T3 (es) | 2020-11-03 |
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