EP3131753A1 - Verre feuilleté à vitre intérieure mince - Google Patents

Verre feuilleté à vitre intérieure mince

Info

Publication number
EP3131753A1
EP3131753A1 EP15709461.6A EP15709461A EP3131753A1 EP 3131753 A1 EP3131753 A1 EP 3131753A1 EP 15709461 A EP15709461 A EP 15709461A EP 3131753 A1 EP3131753 A1 EP 3131753A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pane
laminated glass
weight
inner pane
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15709461.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sandra SIENERTH
Stephan Kremers
Dorothea KETTNER
Stefan UEBELACKER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP3131753A1 publication Critical patent/EP3131753A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/007—Sunglare reduction by coatings, interposed foils in laminar windows, or permanent screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
    • B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated glass with a thin inner pane, a process for their preparation and their use.
  • Laminated glasses are well known as glazing in the vehicle sector. They usually consist of two glass sheets with a thickness of 2 mm to 3 mm, which are interconnected by means of a thermoplastic intermediate layer. Such laminated glasses are used in particular as windshields and roof windows, but increasingly also as side windows and rear windows.
  • US 2013/0295357 A1 discloses a laminated glass for vehicles with a thin inner pane.
  • the laminated glass consists of an outer pane with a thickness of 1, 5 mm to 3.0 mm, for example, 1, 6 mm, and a chemically toughened inner pane having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1, 5 mm, for example, 0.7 mm , Laminated glasses with thinner inner panes are apparently not regarded as sufficiently stable in order to ensure the safety requirements in the vehicle sector.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a laminated glass with further reduced thickness and thus further reduced weight, which nevertheless has a sufficient stability and breaking strength in order to be used in the vehicle sector.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a laminated glass according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention is preferably a laminated glass for vehicles (vehicle laminated glass).
  • the laminated glass is intended to separate the interior from the external environment in an opening, in particular a window opening of a vehicle.
  • the laminated glass (or composite pane) according to the invention comprises at least one inner pane, an outer pane and a thermoplastic intermediate layer which connects the inner pane with the outer pane.
  • the inner pane and the outer pane are preferably made of glass.
  • inner pane With inner pane, the interior (vehicle interior) facing the disc of the composite pane is referred to in the context of the invention.
  • outer pane With outer pane, the outer environment facing disc is called.
  • the outer pane preferably has a thickness of 1, 0 mm to 1, 8 mm.
  • the inner pane preferably has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm.
  • inner pane With inner pane, the interior (vehicle interior) facing the disc of the composite pane is referred to in the context of the invention. With outer pane, the outer environment facing disc is called.
  • a laminated glass having the inventive thicknesses for the outer pane and the inner pane has a surprisingly high stability and breaking strength, in particular scratch resistance and chip resistance.
  • the inner pane can therefore have a significantly smaller thickness than previously generally assumed.
  • the stability and breaking strength of the laminated glass is achieved by the inventive selection of the thickness of the outer pane and the pronounced asymmetry of the outer and the inner pane in terms of thickness.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention fulfills the high safety requirements in the vehicle sector. These requirements are typically checked by standardized fracture, impact and scratch tests, such as the ECE R43 ball drop test.
  • the thickness of the inner pane is preferably at most 25% of the thickness of the outer pane, particularly preferably at most 20%. Such a pronounced asymmetry is particularly advantageous in terms of the strength of the disc.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention is particularly preferably a windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the inner pane is a pre-bent pane, ie a pane which has been subjected to a thermal bending process prior to lamination to the laminated glass.
  • the inner pane can in principle also be a non-pre-bent pane, which, due to its small thickness during lamination, adapts to the shape of the outer pane.
  • the thicker outer pane is pre-bent according to the invention.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent in a congruent manner, that is to say they have the same pre-bend.
  • the inner pane may have, for example, a thickness of 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm or 0.4 mm.
  • the outer pane may, for example, a thickness of 1, 0 mm, 1, 1 mm, 1, 2 mm, 1, 3 mm, 1, 4 mm, 1, 5 mm, 1, 6 mm, 1, 7 mm or 1, 8 mm have.
  • the inner pane has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm, particularly preferably about 0.3 mm. This results in particularly good results in terms of a lower weight of the laminated glass with high stability and breaking strength.
  • the outer pane has a thickness of 1, 4 mm to 1, 8 mm, preferably from 1, 5 mm to 1, 7 mm, more preferably about 1, 6 mm. This is particularly advantageous on the one hand with regard to a low weight of the composite pane, the thickness on the other hand being large enough to ensure sufficient thickness asymmetry between outer pane and inner pane, which in turn causes a high stability.
  • the outer pane is a non-prestressed pane.
  • the outer pane can be subjected to loads such as falling rocks be. If a stone hits a glass pane, especially a small, pointed stone, it can penetrate its surface. In the case of a prestressed disc, the stone can thus penetrate into the tensile stress zone in the interior of the disc, which leads to a shattering of the disc.
  • a non-preloaded outer disc has a wider compressive stress zone and lower tensile stress in the interior, making it less susceptible to the impact of a pointed body.
  • a non-prestressed outer pane is therefore altogether very advantageous with regard to the safety of the vehicle occupants.
  • the outer pane contains soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Lime-soda-glass is available at low cost and has proven itself for applications in the vehicle sector.
  • the inner pane is a chemically tempered disc. Due to the bias, the inner pane can be provided with a special resistance to breakage and scratch resistance.
  • the chemical tempering is better suited than the thermal tempering. Since thermal tempering is based on a temperature difference between a surface zone and a core zone, thermal tempering requires a minimum thickness of the glass sheet. Sufficient stresses can typically be achieved with commercially available thermal biasing devices at glass thicknesses above about 2.5 mm. With lower glass thicknesses, it is generally not possible to achieve the generally required values for the prestressing (compare, for example, ECE Regulation 43).
  • chemical tempering ion exchange changes the chemical composition of the glass at the surface, with ion exchange limited to a surface zone by diffusion. Chemical tempering is therefore particularly suitable for thin slices.
  • chemical annealing chemical hardening or chemical hardening are also commonly used.
  • the stability of the first disk can be improved by appropriate values and local distributions of the stresses produced by the incorporation of ions during chemical toughening.
  • the chemically prestressed inner pane preferably has a surface compressive stress of greater than 100 MPa, preferably greater than 250 MPa and particularly preferably greater than 350 MPa.
  • the compressive stress depth of the disc is in particular at least one tenth of its thickness, preferably at least one sixth of its thickness, for example about one fifth of the thickness of the inner pane. This is advantageous in terms of the breaking strength of the disc on the one hand and a little time-consuming tempering process on the other. With compressive stress depth is referred to in the sense of the invention, the depth measured from the surface of the disc, to which the disc compressive stresses is greater than 0 MPa.
  • the compressive stress depth of the inner pane is preferably greater than 30 ⁇ m, particularly preferably greater than 50 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably between 100 ⁇ m and 150 ⁇ m.
  • the inner pane may in principle have any chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the inner pane can contain, for example, soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass or consist of these glasses.
  • the inner pane should be suitable for being chemically tempered, and in particular have a suitable proportion of alkali elements, preferably sodium.
  • the inner pane can be, for example, from 40% by weight to 90% by weight of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), from 1% by weight to 20% by weight.
  • Sodium oxide (Na 2 O) from 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight of potassium oxide (K 2 O), from 0% by weight to 10% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO), from 0% by weight to 10% by weight.
  • the inner pane may also contain other ingredients and impurities.
  • compositions of the inner pane are particularly suitable for being subjected to chemical tempering. This manifests itself in a high speed of the diffusion process, which leads to an advantageously short time expenditure for the tempering process, and large pretension depths (compressive stress depths), which leads to stable and break-resistant glasses. These compositions are preferred for the purposes of the invention.
  • the inner pane contains a aluminosilicate glass in a preferred embodiment.
  • the inner pane preferably contains from 50% by weight to 85% by weight of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), of 3 % By weight to 10% by weight of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), from 8% by weight to 18% by weight of sodium oxide (Na 2 O), of from 5% by weight to 15% by weight of potassium oxide (K 2 O), from 4% by weight to 14% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO), from 0% by weight to 10% by weight of calcium oxide (CaO) and from 0% by weight to 15% by weight of boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ).
  • the inner pane may also contain other ingredients and impurities.
  • the inner pane particularly preferably contains at least from 55% by weight to 72% by weight (very particularly preferably from 57% by weight to 65% by weight) of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), from 5% by weight to 10% by weight (very particularly preferably from 7% to 9% by weight) of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), from 10% to 15% by weight (most preferably from 12% to 14% by weight) of sodium oxide (Na 2 O) ), from 7 wt% to 12 wt% (most preferably from 8.5 wt% to 10.5 wt%) of potassium oxide (K 2 O) and from 6 wt% to 1 wt% ( most preferably from 7.5% to 9.5% by weight) of magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • SiO 2 silicon oxide
  • Al 2 O 3 alumina
  • Na 2 O sodium oxide
  • K 2 O potassium oxide
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • Such preferred glass compositions have, in addition to the possibility of chemical tempering, another surprising advantage.
  • Such discs are suitable to be bent congruent together with discs of conventional soda-lime glass (also called normal glass).
  • soda-lime glass also called normal glass
  • similar thermal properties are responsible, so that the two types of glass are bendable in the same temperature range, namely from about 450 ° C to 700 ° C.
  • congruent curved disks are particularly suitable for being connected to a laminated glass.
  • An inner pane with the preferred chemical compositions is thus particularly suitable for use in a laminated glass with an outer pane of a different composition, in particular of soda-lime glass.
  • the inner pane can also be a non-prestressed pane. Especially with very thin glass panes, the voltage levels that can be achieved by chemical tempering and thus the stabilizing effect are decreasing. If the inner pane is not prestressed, then in a preferred embodiment it contains borosilicate glass. It has been shown that a particularly pronounced stability and breaking strength can be achieved.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic film and is formed in an advantageous embodiment by a single thermoplastic film. This is advantageous in terms of a simple structure and a low total thickness of the laminated glass.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer or the thermoplastic film preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or blends or copolymers or derivatives thereof which have proven useful in laminated glasses.
  • the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 1, 0 mm. For example, thermoplastic film of the standard thickness of 0.76 mm can be used.
  • the laminated glass has no further slices or polymer layers, ie it consists only of the outer pane, the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.
  • the total transmission through the laminated glass in a preferred embodiment is greater than 70%, especially when the laminated glass is a windshield.
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure defined by ECE-R 43, Annex 3, ⁇ 9.1 for testing the light transmission of vehicle windows.
  • the laminated glass is preferably bent in one or more directions of the space, as is conventional for automotive windows, with typical radii of curvature ranging from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the laminated glass can also be flat, for example, if it is intended as a disc for buses, trains or tractors.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention may have a functional coating, for example an IR-reflecting or absorbing coating, a UV-reflecting or absorbing coating, a coloring coating, a low-emissivity coating, a heatable coating, an antenna-function coating, a splinter-bonding coating or a coating for shielding electromagnetic radiation.
  • the functional coating is preferably arranged on the outer pane.
  • the thicker outer pane which is preferably made of normal glass, can be technically easier and less costly coat, for example, by physical vapor deposition (such as sputtering) as the very thin inner pane. In particular, it is very difficult to combine a coating and a chemical pretension technically.
  • a coating applied before tempering disturbs the ion diffusion process in the chemical Toughening. Coating after chemical tempering changes the stress distribution in the disk due to the typical high temperatures.
  • the functional coating is preferably arranged on the surface of the outer pane facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer, where it is protected against corrosion and damage.
  • the laminated glass can also be provided with an additional function in that, in addition to or as an alternative to the functional coating, the intermediate layer has functional inclusions, for example inclusions with IR-absorbing, UV-absorbing, coloring or acoustic properties.
  • the inclusions are, for example, organic or inorganic ions, compounds, aggregates, molecules, crystals, pigments or dyes.
  • the invention is further solved by a method for producing a laminated glass according to the invention, wherein
  • the laminated glass is to be bent, then at least the outer pane is subjected to a bending process before the lamination.
  • the inner pane is not pre-bent. Due to its very small thickness, the inner pane has a foil-like flexibility and can thus be adapted to the pre-bent outer pane, without having to be pre-bent. The production of the laminated glass is thus simplified.
  • the inner pane is also subjected to a bending process. This is particularly advantageous for strong bends in several directions of space (so-called three-dimensional bends).
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can be bent individually.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are congruently bent together (ie at the same time and by the same tool), because thereby the shape of the panes for later lamination are optimally matched to each other.
  • Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are for example 500 ° C to 700 ° C.
  • the inner pane is provided with a chemical bias.
  • the inner pane is slowly cooled after bending. Too rapid cooling produces thermal stresses in the disc which can lead to changes in shape during later chemical annealing.
  • the cooling rate is preferably until cooling to a temperature of 400 ° C, preferably from 0.05 ° C / sec to 0.5 ° C / sec, more preferably from 0.1 ° C / sec to 0.3 ° C / sec , By such a slow cooling, thermal stresses in the glass can be avoided, which in particular lead to optical defects and to a negative impact on the subsequent chemical bias. It can then be further cooled, even with higher cooling rates, because below 400 ° C the risk of generating thermal stresses is low.
  • the chemical toughening is preferably carried out at a temperature of 300 ° C to 600 ° C, more preferably from 400 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • the inner pane is treated with a molten salt, for example, immersed in the molten salt.
  • a molten salt for example, immersed in the molten salt.
  • the molten salt is preferably the melt of a potassium salt, more preferably potassium nitrate (KN0 3 ) or potassium sulfate (KS0 4 ), most preferably potassium nitrate (KN0 3 ).
  • the ion exchange is determined by the diffusion of the alkali ions.
  • the desired values for the surface compressive stresses and compressive stress depths can therefore be adjusted in particular by the temperature and the duration of the tempering process. Usual times for the duration are from 2 hours to 48 hours.
  • the disc After treatment with the molten salt, the disc is cooled to room temperature. Subsequently, the disc is cleaned, preferably with sulfuric acid (H 2 S0 4 ).
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably provided as a film.
  • the laminated glass is produced by lamination by conventional methods known per se to the person skilled in the art, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, calendering methods, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.
  • the connection between outer pane and inner pane is usually carried out under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure.
  • the invention further comprises the use of a composite pane according to the invention in a vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle, particularly preferably a passenger car, in particular as a windshield, side window, rear window or roof pane.
  • a vehicle preferably a motor vehicle, particularly preferably a passenger car, in particular as a windshield, side window, rear window or roof pane.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the laminated glass is provided as a windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the laminated glass is, as usual for motor vehicle windshields, three-dimensionally curved. This means that the disc has a curvature in several directions of the space, in particular in the horizontal and vertical directions. For the sake of simplicity, however, the laminated glass in the figure is shown schematically flat.
  • a projectile with a diamond tip was dropped from an increasing height onto the laminated glass according to the invention (example) to simulate the impact of a sharp stone. The height was measured at which the laminated glass broke. When hitting the outer pane 2 1400 mm glass breakage was observed at a height.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention with the very small glass thicknesses surprisingly had a higher stone chip resistance than the conventional comparative example (glass breakage at a height of 1100 mm).
  • the tests were performed on a 30cm x 30cm sample.
  • a steel ball weighing 227 g was dropped onto the outer pane 2 from a height of 8.5 m.
  • This test simulates the impact of a stone on the outside of the laminated glass.
  • the test was considered passed if the ball was stopped by the laminated glass and this was not penetrated and if the amount of splinters on the side facing away from the impact falls below a certain (thickness-dependent) amount.
  • the comparative example with a proven for windshield glass combination passed the test as expected. But even the laminated glass according to the invention after example with the small glass thicknesses passed the test surprisingly. From the inner pane 1 even fewer splinters broke up on impact of the ball, which is to be considered advantageous for the safety of the vehicle occupants.
  • the laminated glass according to the invention has a very low weight due to the very low glass thicknesses.
  • the laminated glass is nevertheless characterized by a high resistance to breakage and stone chip resistance.
  • the laminated glass meets in particular the high safety requirements for laminated glass in the vehicle area, so that it can be used for example as a windshield.
  • the inner pane for example, consist of non-biased borosilicate glass.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a laminated glass according to the invention.
  • An inner pane 1 and an outer pane 2 are provided in a flat initial state.
  • the inner pane 1 and the outer pane 2 are subjected to a bending process together and congruently bent into their final three-dimensional shape.
  • the inner pane 1 is chemically prestressed after bending.
  • the inner pane 1 is slowly cooled after bending in order to avoid thermal stresses.
  • a suitable cooling rate is for example 0.1 ° C / sec.
  • the inner pane 1 is then for a period of a few hours, for example 4 hours, at a temperature of 460 ° C with a melt Potassium nitrate treated while chemically biased.
  • the treatment effects a diffusion-driven exchange of sodium ions with larger potassium ions across the surfaces of the glass. As a result, surface compressive stresses are generated.
  • the inner pane 1 is then cooled and then washed with sulfuric acid to remove residues of potassium nitrate.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 between the inner pane 1 and outer pane 2 is arranged.
  • the stack of inner pane 1, intermediate layer 3 and outer pane 2 is connected in a conventional manner by lamination, for example by a vacuum bag method.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un verre feuilleté de véhicule, destiné à séparer l'habitacle d'un véhicule d'un environnement extérieur, comprenant au moins : une vitre intérieure (1) en verre d'une épaisseur de 0,1 mm à 0,4 mm, une vitre extérieure (2) en verre d'une épaisseur de 1,0 mm à 1,8 mm, et une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (3) qui relie la vitre intérieure (1) à la vitre extérieure (2).
EP15709461.6A 2014-04-15 2015-03-09 Verre feuilleté à vitre intérieure mince Withdrawn EP3131753A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP14164731 2014-04-15
PCT/EP2015/054810 WO2015158464A1 (fr) 2014-04-15 2015-03-09 Verre feuilleté à vitre intérieure mince

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EP3131753A1 true EP3131753A1 (fr) 2017-02-22

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US (1) US20170113520A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3131753A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2017518246A (fr)
KR (1) KR20160135280A (fr)
CN (1) CN106458743A (fr)
BR (1) BR112016022689A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2944082A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA201692058A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2016013450A (fr)
WO (1) WO2015158464A1 (fr)

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US20170113520A1 (en) 2017-04-27
JP2017518246A (ja) 2017-07-06
MX2016013450A (es) 2017-01-18
WO2015158464A1 (fr) 2015-10-22
BR112016022689A2 (pt) 2017-08-15
KR20160135280A (ko) 2016-11-25
CN106458743A (zh) 2017-02-22
EA201692058A1 (ru) 2017-02-28
CA2944082A1 (fr) 2015-10-22

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