WO2024089129A1 - Vitre feuilletée présentant une contrainte de compression de surface accrue par endroits et véhicule équipé de cette vitre feuilletée - Google Patents

Vitre feuilletée présentant une contrainte de compression de surface accrue par endroits et véhicule équipé de cette vitre feuilletée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024089129A1
WO2024089129A1 PCT/EP2023/079829 EP2023079829W WO2024089129A1 WO 2024089129 A1 WO2024089129 A1 WO 2024089129A1 EP 2023079829 W EP2023079829 W EP 2023079829W WO 2024089129 A1 WO2024089129 A1 WO 2024089129A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
region
prestressing
compressive stress
composite
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/079829
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Emmanuel WALCH
Malte LINN
Martin LAKSHMANAN
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Publication of WO2024089129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024089129A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
    • B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10366—Reinforcements of the laminated safety glass or glazing against impact or intrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10889—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor shaping the sheets, e.g. by using a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10981—Pre-treatment of the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/142—Variation across the area of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/147—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces by treatment of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
    • C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C03C21/008—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in solid phase, e.g. using pastes, powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite pane with a partially increased surface compressive stress, a method for its production and its use. Furthermore, the invention extends to a vehicle with the composite pane according to the invention.
  • Modern motor vehicles are fitted with a large number of airbags as standard as an important part of their safety equipment. These are designed to protect the vehicle occupants in the event of an external force acting on the vehicle, for example caused by a vehicle collision.
  • An airbag is an impact cushion that is inflated within milliseconds by a nylon bag being explosively filled with gas from a gas generator. When deployed, airbags can prevent vehicle occupants from colliding with parts of the vehicle interior.
  • the gas filling of airbags is triggered by strong negative accelerations of the vehicle, which are far greater than those that occur when the vehicle brakes hard.
  • the vehicle has corresponding acceleration sensors, which are typically linked to a central control unit for the airbags.
  • the use of pressure sensors, particularly in the side area of the vehicle is also known, through which airbags can be triggered early in the event of a side collision.
  • a key task is played by the front airbags, which are installed in the area of the steering wheel (driver) or dashboard (passenger).
  • the front airbags are deployed in particular in the event of a frontal collision between the driver and passenger and the front of the vehicle and support the head and chest area of the driver and passenger, thereby preventing the driver and passenger from hitting their heads on the steering wheel or dashboard.
  • front airbags When deployed, front airbags come into contact with the windshield, with the windshield serving as a counter surface or abutment when the front airbags deploy.
  • the windshield therefore provides a counterforce that enables the front airbags to deploy correctly.
  • the size and position of the contact surface depend on the design of the front airbag and the vehicle's concept. For example, the contact surface is located at about the height of the driver and front passenger's heads.
  • the automotive industry is currently trying to reduce the weight of motor vehicles, which goes hand in hand with reduced fuel consumption. A significant contribution to this can be made by reducing the weight of the glazing, which can be achieved in particular by reducing the thickness of the panes. Such thin panes are particularly thicker than 2 mm. Despite the reduced pane thickness, however, the requirements for stability and break resistance of the panes must be guaranteed.
  • Glass panes can be tempered to increase their stability. In most cases, panes in vehicles are thermally tempered, with the tempering being created by cooling the panes appropriately. However, thermal tempering of thin panes results in lower tempering for physical reasons. Chemically tempered panes are also known in the vehicle sector, for example from DE 1946358 A1. The chemical composition of the glass in the area of the surface is usually changed by ion exchange. As explained in GB 1339980 A, for example, higher tempering and thus better stability can be achieved here than with thermal tempering. Since the ion exchange is limited to a surface zone by diffusion, chemical tempering is particularly suitable for thin panes. Laminated glass with chemically tempered, thin panes is also known from WO 2012/051038 A1.
  • WO 2020/020937 A1 discloses a composite pane for vehicles that can also be used as a windshield.
  • the inner pane of the composite pane can be chemically toughened on one or both surfaces, whereby in the design with only one chemically toughened surface, the interior-side surface (side IV) of the inner pane is chemically toughened.
  • WO 2019/245819 A1 discloses a windshield in which both surfaces are chemically tempered, with predetermined breaking points being provided for individual non-chemically tempered areas.
  • the explosive inflation of a front airbag causes the composite pane to bend outwards at the contact surface where the front airbag comes into contact with the composite pane when it is deployed, which locally subjects the composite pane to a combined tensile and compressive load.
  • a compressive load occurs on the interior surfaces of the composite pane and a tensile load occurs on the surfaces facing outwards.
  • the pressure load on the interior surfaces of the laminated pane is not particularly critical, but the tensile load on the surfaces facing the outside, especially on the outside surface of the inner pane, can cause microcracks that are always present in the pane to expand into macroscopic cracks and ultimately cause the pane to break.
  • the windshield is then no longer sufficiently stiff or stable to provide the appropriate counterforce for the correct deployment of the front airbag. It can therefore no longer be ensured that the front airbag will deploy in the desired manner and its proper function is no longer guaranteed. This is very detrimental to the safety of the vehicle occupants in the front area of the vehicle, particularly in the event of a frontal collision, where front airbags are particularly important.
  • the invention addresses the above problem.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an improved composite pane with which the aforementioned disadvantage can be avoided.
  • the composite pane has sufficient rigidity or stability to be able to serve as an abutment for an inflating front airbag.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a composite pane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are evident from the subclaims.
  • the invention relates to a composite pane for a motor vehicle that has one or more airbags that come into contact with the composite pane when deployed.
  • the invention relates to a composite pane in the form of a windshield for a motor vehicle that has one or more front airbags that come into contact with the windshield when deployed.
  • the composite pane is intended to separate the interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a motor vehicle.
  • the inner pane refers to the pane of the composite pane that faces the vehicle interior (when installed).
  • the outer pane refers to the pane that faces the outside environment (when installed).
  • the composite pane according to the invention preferably a windshield, comprises an outer pane and an inner pane, which are firmly connected to one another by at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer arranged between the outer and inner panes.
  • the outer and inner panes are typically made of glass.
  • the composite pane can therefore also be referred to as laminated glass.
  • the composite pane has in particular an upper edge and a lower edge, as well as two side edges running between them.
  • the upper edge refers to the edge which is intended to point upwards in the installed position.
  • the lower edge refers to the edge which is intended to point downwards in the installed position.
  • the upper edge is often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the engine edge.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outer side and an inner side surface and a circumferential side edge.
  • the term outer surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the outside environment in the installed position.
  • the term inner side surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position.
  • the interior side surface of the outer pane and the outer side surface of the inner pane face each other and are connected to each other by the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the outer side surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I.
  • the interior side surface of the outer pane is referred to as side II.
  • the outer side surface of the inner pane is referred to as side III.
  • the interior side surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV.
  • the interior surface (side IV) of the inner pane has at least one airbag contact area, which is intended for the surface contact of an inflating airbag, in particular a front airbag, of the motor vehicle.
  • the at least one airbag contact area is defined as the area of the interior surface of the inner pane on which the inflating airbag comes into surface contact.
  • the airbag contact area is not designed or marked in any special way, but results solely from the surface contact between the inner pane and the front airbag during the deployment of the front airbag.
  • the size of the airbag contact area depends on the respective design of the motor vehicle, windscreen and airbag. In any case, the airbag contact area is only a partial area of the composite pane, i.e.
  • the composite pane in the form of a windshield generally has two or more airbag contact surfaces, typically at least one each for the driver's front airbag and the passenger's front airbag.
  • the statements regarding the at least one airbag contact area relate in particular to the state of the composite pane installed in the vehicle, i.e. to the vehicle with the composite pane.
  • the inner pane has at least one prestressing area in some areas (i.e. not on the entire surface).
  • only the outside surface (side III) of the inner pane when viewed vertically through the composite pane, has at least one chemically prestressed prestressing area with increased surface compressive stress in complete overlap with the at least one airbag contact area or in complete overlap with the multiple airbag contact areas.
  • the surface compressive stress is increased in relation to the other surface areas of the inner pane that do not belong to the prestressing area (e.g. interior-side surface of the inner pane).
  • the invention can therefore advantageously reduce the risk that the high tensile load on side III (outer surface) of the inner pane, which occurs due to the flat contact of one or more airbags, will cause cracks to form on the inner pane and the inner pane or composite pane to break.
  • the increased surface compressive stress in the at least one prestressing area counteracts the local tensile load when the composite pane bends outwards.
  • the surface of the inner pane is chemically tempered in some areas, whereby the at least one tempering area of the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane only partially extends over the total surface of the two Main surfaces of the inner pane, ie the outside surface (side III) and the inside surface (side IV) of the inner pane.
  • the at least one prestressing region of the outside surface (side III) of the inner pane does not extend over the entire surface, which results from the outside surface (side III) and the inside surface (side IV) of the inner pane, and is thus only formed locally.
  • the invention therefore relates to a composite pane for a motor vehicle, comprising an outer pane with an outer surface and an interior surface, an inner pane with an outer surface and an interior surface, at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer which is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and firmly connects them to one another, wherein the interior surface of the inner pane has one or more airbag contact areas, each of which is intended for the flat contact of an inflating airbag of the motor vehicle, characterized in that the inner pane has at least one chemically prestressed prestressing area with increased surface compressive stress only on the outer surface, when viewed perpendicularly through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact areas.
  • the invention also relates in particular to a composite pane for a motor vehicle, comprising an outer pane with an outer surface and an interior surface, an inner pane with an outer surface and an interior surface, at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer which is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and firmly connects them to one another, characterized in that the inner pane has at least one chemically prestressed prestressing region with increased surface compressive stress only on the outer surface.
  • only a single prestressing area of the outside surface (side III) of the inner pane is provided, which extends over the entire outside surface (side III) of the inner pane.
  • the prestressing area is arranged, when viewed through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact areas of the interior surface (side IV) of the inner pane.
  • one or more prestressing regions of the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane are provided with increased surface compressive stress, each of which does not extend over the entire outer surface (side III) of the inner pane.
  • each prestressing region of the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by a surrounding region of the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing region is increased in relation to the surrounding region.
  • the surrounding region of a prestressing region has no surface compressive stress or at least a lower surface compressive stress than the prestressing region.
  • the prestressing regions are thus each designed in the form of a local region of the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane.
  • Each prestressing region is advantageously designed such that a single airbag contact region is completely covered.
  • the prestressing region has a shape that is the same as the shape of the airbag contact region.
  • the outer pane is provided with a chemical prestress in certain areas.
  • the surface compressive stress is increased in relation to the other surface areas of the outer pane that do not belong to the prestressing area (e.g. interior side surface of the outer pane).
  • the at least one prestressing region of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane extends only partially over the total surface of the two main surfaces of the outer pane, i.e. the outside surface (side I) and the inside surface (side II) of the outer pane.
  • the at least one prestressing region of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane does not extend over the complete surface that results from the outside surface (side I) and the inside surface (side II) of the outer pane. is therefore only formed locally.
  • This measure can further improve the fracture stability of the composite pane, so that the risk of reduced stiffness of the composite pane when the airbags, particularly front airbags, are deployed is advantageously further reduced.
  • a single prestressing region of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane is provided, which extends over the entire outside surface (side I) of the outer pane.
  • the prestressing region is arranged in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact regions of the interior surface (side IV) of the inner pane.
  • one or more prestressing regions of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane are provided with increased surface compressive stress, each of which does not extend over the entire outside surface (side I) of the outer pane.
  • each prestressing region of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by a surrounding region of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing region is increased in relation to the surrounding region.
  • the surrounding region of a prestressing region has no surface compressive stress or at least a lower surface compressive stress than the prestressing region.
  • the prestressing regions are thus designed in the form of local regions of the outside surface (side I) of the outer pane.
  • Each prestressing region is advantageously designed such that a single airbag contact region is completely covered.
  • the prestressing region has a shape that is the same as the shape of the airbag contact region.
  • a prestressing area is defined as an area of the outside surface of the inner pane or an area of the outside surface of the outer pane with increased surface compressive stress.
  • a prestressing area of the outside surface (side III) of the inner pane has an increased surface compressive stress in relation to the inside surface (side IV) of the inner pane. If the prestressing area does not extend over the entire outside surface (side III) of the inner pane, the prestressing region also has an increased surface compressive stress in relation to the surrounding area of the prestressing region. In any case, the interior surface (side IV) of the inner pane does not have a prestressing region with an increased surface compressive stress.
  • a prestressing region of the exterior surface (side I) of the outer pane has an increased surface compressive stress in relation to the interior surface (side II) of the outer pane. If the prestressing region does not extend over the entire exterior surface (side I) of the outer pane, the prestressing region also has an increased surface compressive stress in relation to the surrounding area of the prestressing region. In any case, the interior surface (side II) of the outer pane does not have a prestressing region with an increased surface compressive stress.
  • tempering can be achieved thermally or chemically, whereby chemical tempering changes the chemical composition of the glass in the area of the surface by ion exchange.
  • Ion exchange is limited to a shallow surface zone by the diffusion of exchange ions.
  • each chemically prestressed prestressing region has exchange ions for sodium ions, wherein an ion radius of the exchange Ions is smaller than the ionic radius of sodium ions.
  • the exchange ions are preferably lithium ions.
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can in principle have any chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane preferably contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass or alumino-silicate glass. It is also conceivable that the outer pane consists of a clear plastic, preferably a rigid clear plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.
  • the outer and inner panes can contain or consist of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, for example.
  • the inner pane and optionally the outer pane must of course be suitable for chemical tempering and in particular have a suitable proportion of alkali elements, preferably sodium.
  • alkali elements preferably sodium.
  • certain chemical compositions are particularly suitable for chemical tempering. This is reflected in a high speed of the diffusion process, which leads to an advantageously short time expenditure for the tempering process and large tempering depths (compressive stress depths), which results in stable and break-resistant glasses. Such compositions can be preferred.
  • the inner and/or outer pane can contain from 40 wt.% to 90 wt.% silicon oxide (SiO2), from 0.5 wt.% to 10 wt.% aluminum oxide (AI2O3), from 1 wt.% to 20 wt.% sodium oxide (Na2O), from 0.1 wt.% to 15 wt.% potassium oxide (K2O), from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.% magnesium oxide (MgO), from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.% calcium oxide (CaO) and from 0 wt.% to 15 wt.% boron oxide (B2O3).
  • the panes can contain other components and impurities.
  • the inner and/or outer pane is made of silicate glass.
  • the inner and/or outer pane contains from 50 wt.% to 85 wt.% silicon oxide (SiO2), from 3 wt.% to 10 wt.% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), from 8 wt.% to 18 wt.% sodium oxide (Na2O), from 5 wt.% to 15 wt.% potassium oxide (K2O), from 4 wt.% to 14 wt.% magnesium oxide (MgO), from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.% calcium oxide (CaO) and from 0 wt.% to 15 wt.% boron oxide (B2O3).
  • the panes may contain other components and impurities.
  • the disks contain at least from 55 wt.% to 72 wt.% silicon oxide (SiO2), from 5 wt.% to 10 wt.% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), from 10 wt.% to 15 wt.% sodium oxide (Na2O), from 7 wt.% to 12 wt.% potassium oxide (K2O) and from 6 wt.% to 11 wt.% magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • the disks may contain other components and impurities.
  • the individual disks contain, for example, at least from 57 wt.% to 65 wt.% silicon oxide (SiO2), from 7 wt.% to 9 wt.% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), from 12 wt.% to 14 wt.% sodium oxide (Na2O), from 8.5 wt.% to 10.5 wt.% potassium oxide (K2O) and from 7.5 wt.% to 9.5 wt.% magnesium oxide (MgO).
  • the disks may contain other components and impurities.
  • the outer and inner panes have different chemical compositions.
  • a pane made of aluminosilicate glass can be combined with a pane made of conventional soda-lime glass (also known as normal glass).
  • the outer and inner panes preferably have the same chemical composition, which is particularly advantageous with regard to simple and cost-effective production of the composite pane.
  • the surface compressive stress and compressive stress depth of the chemically prestressed prestressing areas can be dimensioned as desired according to the force applied when a respective airbag is placed over the surface.
  • the inner pane and optionally the outer pane in each prestressing area have a surface compressive stress of greater than 100 MPa, in particular greater than 250 MPa and in particular greater than 350 MPa.
  • the surface compressive stress depth is for example, more than 40 pm, in particular more than 100 pm. This is advantageous with regard to the breaking strength of the pane on the one hand and requires a less time-consuming prestressing process on the other.
  • the surface compressive stress depth is at least one tenth of the thickness of the inner pane or outer pane, in particular at least one sixth of the thickness of the inner pane or outer pane, for example about one fifth of the thickness of the inner pane or outer pane.
  • surface compressive stress depth refers to the depth at which, measured from the surface of the pane, the pane has a surface compressive stress of a magnitude greater than 0 MPa.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for thin laminated panes since the risk of cracks forming and pane breakage when an inflating airbag is deployed is particularly high.
  • the thickness of the outer pane is preferably less than 2.1 mm and is, for example, in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular in the range from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the inner pane is preferably less than 1.6 mm and is, for example, in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular in the range from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the advantage lies in the particular stability and low weight of the laminated glass. Chemical toughening is particularly interesting for panes with such low thicknesses.
  • the outer pane is preferably thicker than the inner pane.
  • the outer pane is preferably thinner than 2.1 mm and the inner pane is preferably thinner than 1.6 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer via which the outer pane is connected to the inner pane, contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film (connecting film).
  • the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 760 pm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a film with functional properties, for example a film with acoustically dampening properties.
  • the outer pane, inner pane and/or the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.
  • the total transmission through a windshield in the main viewing area is greater than 70% (illuminant type A).
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows specified in ECE-R 43, Annex 3, ⁇ 9.1.
  • the composite pane according to the invention can be flat. Typically, the composite pane according to the invention is slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions of space. Curved panes are often found, for example, in glazing in the automotive sector, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the inner pane is chemically toughened in some areas.
  • the outer pane is either not chemically toughened or chemically toughened in some areas.
  • the composite pane according to the invention can comprise one or more functional intermediate layers.
  • An additional intermediate layer can in particular be an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer that reflects infrared radiation, an intermediate layer that absorbs infrared radiation, an intermediate layer that absorbs UV radiation, an intermediate layer that is colored at least in sections and/or an intermediate layer that is tinted at least in sections. If several additional intermediate layers are present, these can also have different functions.
  • the invention also extends to a motor vehicle with a composite pane according to the invention, which is preferably a windshield.
  • the motor vehicle has one or more airbags, in particular front airbags, which come into flat contact with the composite pane when deployed.
  • airbags in particular front airbags, which come into flat contact with the composite pane when deployed.
  • the invention shows a motor vehicle with one or more airbags, with a composite pane according to the invention, in which the interior-side surface of the inner pane has one or more airbag contact areas, each of which is intended for the surface contact of an inflating airbag of the motor vehicle, wherein the inner pane has at least one chemically prestressed prestressing area with increased surface compressive stress only on the outside surface, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact areas.
  • one or more prestressing regions of the outer surface of the inner pane are provided, wherein each prestressing region is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by a surrounding region of the outer surface of the inner pane, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing region is increased in relation to the associated surrounding region, wherein each prestressing region is arranged in complete overlap with a single airbag contact region, and wherein in particular the shape of the prestressing region and the shape of the airbag contact region are the same.
  • the outer pane has at least one chemically prestressed prestressing region with increased surface compressive stress only on the outer surface, when viewed vertically through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact regions.
  • one or more prestressing regions of the outer surface of the outer pane are provided, wherein each prestressing region is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by a surrounding region of the outer surface of the outer pane, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing region is increased in relation to the associated surrounding region, and wherein in particular each prestressing region is arranged in complete overlap with a single airbag contact region, wherein in particular the shape of the prestressing region and the shape of the airbag contact region are the same.
  • the invention further comprises a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention, comprising the following steps: (51) the inner pane, preferably with a thickness of less than or equal to 1.6 mm, is chemically prestressed in regions, with at least one prestressing region with increased surface compressive stress being produced only on the outer surface (side III) of the inner pane, when viewed perpendicularly through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact regions, and optionally the outer pane, preferably with a thickness of less than or equal to 2.1 mm, is chemically prestressed in regions, with at least one chemically prestressed prestressing region with increased surface compressive stress being produced only on the outer surface (side I) of the outer pane (in particular with respect to the state installed in the vehicle) when viewed perpendicularly through the composite pane (1), in complete overlap with the one or more airbag contact regions (4),
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the inner pane and the outer pane
  • the inner and outer panes are preferably manufactured as flat glass using the float process and cut to the desired size and shape.
  • the inner and outer panes are typically subjected to a bending process at elevated temperatures, for example at 500°C to 700°C, where they receive their final three-dimensional shape.
  • the inner and outer panes are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and using the same tool), as this ensures that the shape of the panes is optimally coordinated for later lamination.
  • the panes are slowly cooled. Cooling too quickly creates thermal stresses in the panes, which can lead to shape changes during later chemical tempering.
  • the cooling rate up to cooling to a temperature of 400 °C is preferably from 0.05 °C/sec to 0.5 °C/sec, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 0.3 °C/sec.
  • the chemical tempering takes place below the glass transition temperature (T g ), for example at a temperature of 300 °C to 600 °C, in particular in the range of 400 °C to 500 °C.
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • the inner pane and optionally the outer pane are treated, for example, with a molten salt, for example locally coated with the molten salt (e.g. in the spin coat process).
  • the molten salt is, for example, the melt of a potassium salt, in particular potassium nitrate (KNO3) or potassium sulfate (KSO4).
  • KNO3 potassium nitrate
  • KSO4 potassium sulfate
  • the exchange of ions is determined by the diffusion of the alkali ions.
  • the desired values for the surface compressive stresses and compressive stress depths can therefore be set in particular by the temperature and duration of the tempering process. Typical times for the duration are from 2 hours to 48 hours.
  • the disc is cooled to room temperature. The disc is then cleaned, preferably with sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
  • the chemical tempering takes place above the glass transition temperature (T g ), which is typically between 500 °C and 700 °C.
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • the inner pane and optionally the outer pane are treated with a salt melt, for example, coated with the salt melt (e.g. in the spin coat process).
  • sodium ions in the glass are exchanged for smaller ions (ie ions with a smaller ionic radius), preferably lithium ions, thereby generating the desired surface compressive stresses.
  • the salt melt is preferably the melt of a lithium salt, in particular lithium nitrate (LiNOs) or lithium sulfate (U2SO4).
  • the exchange of ions is determined by the diffusion of the exchange ions.
  • the desired values for the surface compressive stresses and compressive stress depths can therefore be set in particular by the temperature and duration of the tempering process.
  • the pane After treatment with the salt melt, the pane is cooled to room temperature. The pane is then cleaned, preferably with sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
  • the glass substrate can be coated using any deposition technique, whereby a printing process such as the screen printing process commonly used in industrial glass production is preferably used.
  • a printing process such as the screen printing process commonly used in industrial glass production is preferably used.
  • a mixture of organic medium and inorganic particles containing the diffusion elements is printed onto the glass surface.
  • the diffusion elements can be present as a solid powder, eg lithium carbonate (Li 2 CC>3), or as network modifiers in silicate glass frits.
  • a silicate-based coating sol-gel
  • the wet process can be used to deposit a silicate layer rich in alkali elements such as potassium or lithium before bending.
  • the size of the alkali ions that are to diffuse into the glass is preferably smaller than the ionic radius of sodium ions, such as lithium ions.
  • the diffused ions reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass in the diffusion regions. Therefore, these diffusion regions are subject to compressive stresses after cooling to room temperature.
  • a similar approach is to use a silica sol-gel layer with alkaline clusters.
  • the level of the local surface compressive stress can be adjusted by the concentration of alkali ions (such as lithium) that replace the sodium ions in the glass surface.
  • High compressive stresses can be achieved by increasing the thickness of the lithium carbonate layer and by increasing the lithium ion concentration in the silicate layers (glass frit for screen printing, silicate layer for the sol-gel coating).
  • the use of lithium-containing silicate is particularly preferred.
  • the composite pane is manufactured by lamination using conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, such as autoclave processes, vacuum bag processes, vacuum ring processes, calender processes, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.
  • the inner pane and outer pane are usually joined together using heat, vacuum and/or pressure.
  • the invention also extends to the use of the composite pane according to the invention in motor vehicles, preferably as a windshield.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the composite pane according to the invention as a vehicle pane in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield for a head-up display
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the embodiment shown in Figure 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-section through another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention using a flow chart.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of the composite pane 100 according to the invention and Figure 2 shows the cross section through the composite pane 100 shown in Figure 1 along the section line X-X'.
  • the composite pane 100 serves here, for example, as a windshield of a motor vehicle that has airbags, in particular front airbags.
  • the composite pane 100 shown in Figures 1 and 2 has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S.
  • the composite pane 100 further comprises an outer pane 1 with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, an inner pane 2 with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.
  • the thermoplastic Intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 and firmly connects them to one another.
  • the outer pane 1, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 and the inner pane 2 are arranged one above the other over their entire surface.
  • the composite pane 100 is used for the flat installation of an inflating airbag, here e.g. a front airbag, of the motor vehicle.
  • the top view in Figure 1 shows an example of an airbag contact area 4 on the interior surface IV of the inner pane 2.
  • the airbag contact area 4 is only shown very schematically and in practice can differ from this in size, shape and position. For example, it is the airbag contact area of a front airbag on the driver's side.
  • the composite pane 100 has a further airbag contact area on the passenger side, which is not shown in Figure 1.
  • the airbag contact area 4 only extends over part of the interior surface IV of the inner pane 2.
  • the inner pane 2 is provided with a chemical prestress in some areas to generate an increased surface compressive stress.
  • the inner pane 2 has a chemical prestress on the outside surface III, but not on the interior surface IV.
  • only a single prestressing area 5 of the outside surface III of the inner pane 2 is provided, which extends over the entire outside surface III of the inner pane 2.
  • the prestressing area 5 completely covers the airbag contact area 4. This has the advantage that no optical distortions are caused by the chemical prestressing of the entire outside surface III of the inner pane 2 to generate the increased
  • the composite pane 100 is bent outwards at the airbag contact area 4, which locally creates a combined tensile and compressive load on the Composite pane 100.
  • a large tensile load occurs, particularly on the outer surface III of the inner pane 2, which can lead to cracks widening and, as a result, to the pane breaking.
  • the pre-stressing area 5 counteracts this by increasing the compressive stress, so that the correct deployment of the airbag is ensured, since the composite pane 100 provides a counterforce as an abutment with sufficient stability.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 3 differs from that shown in Figure 2 only in that the prestressing region 5 of the outer surface III is not formed over the entire surface, but is only present in part of the outer surface III.
  • the prestressing region 5 with increased compressive stress is completely surrounded (in the plane of the outer surface III) by a surrounding region 6 of the outer surface III of the inner pane 2, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing region 5 is increased in relation to the surrounding region 6, which has no chemical prestressing.
  • the prestressing region 5 When viewed vertically through the composite pane 100, the prestressing region 5 completely covers the airbag contact region 4.
  • the prestressing region 5 is here somewhat larger than the airbag contact region 4, wherein it is conceivable that the two regions correspond in shape and size.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment shown in cross section in Figure 4 differs from that shown in Figure 2 only in that the outer pane 1 is also provided with a chemical prestress in some areas. Specifically, a prestressing area 5' with increased compressive stress is only formed on the outer surface I of the outer pane 1.
  • the prestressing area 5' of the outer surface I is not formed over the entire surface, but is only present in part of the outer surface I.
  • the prestressing area 5' In the plane of the outer pane 1, the prestressing area 5' is completely surrounded by a surrounding area 6' of the outer surface I of the outer pane 1, wherein the surface compressive stress of the prestressing area 5' is increased in relation to the surrounding area 6', which has no chemical prestress.
  • the prestressing area 5' When viewed vertically through the composite pane 100, the prestressing area 5' completely covers the airbag contact area 4.
  • the pre-tensioning area 5' is somewhat larger than the airbag contact area 4, although it is conceivable that the two areas correspond in shape and size.
  • the additional chemical pre-tensioning area 5 can reduce the risk cracking in the outside surface I can be reduced, so that safety is further improved.
  • the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 consist, for example, of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass and must be suitable for chemically tempering.
  • the two panes contain a suitable proportion of sodium.
  • the intermediate layer 3 consists of a thermoplastic material such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • the thickness of the outer pane 1 is less than 2.1 mm and is, for example, in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness of the inner pane 2 is less than 1.6 mm and is, for example, in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular in the range from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the composite pane 100 may have any suitable geometric shape and/or curvature.
  • the composite pane 100 is a curved composite pane.
  • the composite pane 100 is the windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 5 an embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown using a flow chart.
  • the inner pane 2 is chemically prestressed in certain areas, with a prestressing area 5 with increased surface compressive stress being generated only on the outer surface III of the inner pane 2, when viewed perpendicularly through the composite pane, in complete overlap with the airbag contact area 4.
  • the outer pane 1 is chemically prestressed in certain areas, with a chemically prestressed prestressing area 5' with increased surface compressive stress being generated only on the outer surface I of the outer pane 1 (in particular with respect to the state of the composite pane installed in the vehicle) when viewed perpendicularly through the composite pane 100, in complete overlap with the airbag contact area 4.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the inner pane 2 and the outer pane 1.
  • the chemically prestressed tempering regions 5, 5' can be produced by diffusing exchange ions into the glass below the glass transition temperature (T g ), for example at a temperature of 300 °C to 600 °C, in particular in the range of 400 °C to 500 °C.
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • sodium ions of the glass are exchanged for larger ions (ie ions with a larger ionic radius), in particular larger alkali ions, preferably potassium ions, thereby generating the desired surface compressive stresses.
  • the prestressing regions 5, 5' are particularly advantageously produced by diffusing exchange ions into the glass above the glass transition temperature (T g ), which is typically between 500 °C and 700 °C.
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • the sodium ions of the glass are exchanged for smaller ions (ie ions with a smaller ionic radius), preferably lithium ions, thereby generating the desired surface compressive stresses.
  • Various deposition techniques can be used to apply the exchange ions to the glass. Screen printing techniques are advantageous, in which a mixture of organic medium and inorganic particles containing the diffusion elements is printed onto the glass surface.
  • the diffusing elements can be present as a solid powder, e.g. lithium carbonate, or as network modifiers in silicate glass frits.
  • the wet process can be used to deposit a silicate layer that is rich in alkali elements such as potassium or lithium.
  • the level of the local surface tension can be adjusted by the concentration of the alkali ions (such as lithium) that replace the sodium ions in the glass surface.
  • an aqueous silicate-containing solution with a proportion of lithium or potassium is applied to the glass.
  • the lithium content can be increased up to a certain value to facilitate diffusion. If the lithium content is too high, the lithium is no longer water-soluble.
  • the ratio Li2O/SiO2 0.1 to 0.4, preferably 0.2 to 0.4.
  • the silicate solution is dried at 70 degrees to achieve a solidification of the surface.
  • the silicate solution is deposited on the surface of the glass using a spin-coat process, for example. It is also conceivable that the coating is carried out with a spray or that the solution is distributed with a rod. For example, the coating has a thickness of 1 pm.
  • the glass is then heated in an oven (convection). When produced below the glass transition temperature, the coated glass is heated for 10 minutes at 250 °C. Diffusion above the glass transition temperature is also possible.
  • the invention provides an improved composite pane with which an increased compressive stress on side III of the inner pane can reduce the risk of cracks forming on the inner pane and the inner pane breaking due to the high tensile load on side III of the inner pane that occurs due to the flat contact of one or more airbags.
  • the increased surface compressive stress counteracts the local tensile load when the composite pane bends outwards.
  • side I of the outer pane can be provided with an increased surface compressive stress in order to further reduce the risk of cracks forming.
  • the correct deployment of airbags in particular front airbags, can always be ensured even with thin composite panes by sufficient stability or rigidity of the composite pane, which serves as an abutment when the airbags are deployed and must exert a corresponding counterforce.
  • the composite pane can be manufactured efficiently and inexpensively, and the production of the composite pane can be implemented in a simple manner using common manufacturing processes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne une vitre feuilletée (100) conçue pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant : une vitre extérieure (1) présentant une surface côté extérieur (I) et une surface côté habitacle (II), une vitre intérieure (2) présentant une surface côté extérieur (III) et une surface côté habitacle (IV), au moins une couche intermédiaire (3) thermoplastique, qui est disposée entre la vitre extérieure (1) et la vitre intérieure (2) et qui les relie solidement l'une à l'autre, caractérisée en ce que la vitre intérieure (2) présente, uniquement sur la surface côté extérieur (III), au moins une zone de précontrainte (5) qui est précontrainte chimiquement et présente une contrainte de compression de surface accrue.
PCT/EP2023/079829 2022-10-28 2023-10-25 Vitre feuilletée présentant une contrainte de compression de surface accrue par endroits et véhicule équipé de cette vitre feuilletée WO2024089129A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP22204524.7 2022-10-28
EP22204524 2022-10-28

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WO2024089129A1 true WO2024089129A1 (fr) 2024-05-02

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1946358A1 (de) 1969-08-15 1971-02-25 Glaverbel Durch Ionenaustausch getemperte Glasgegenstaende
DE2223353A1 (de) * 1971-05-21 1972-11-30 Glaverbel Platten mit einer Glasscheibe und deren Herstellung
GB1339980A (en) 1970-02-09 1973-12-05 Ppg Industries Inc Glass article
WO2011120656A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de production de verre plat trempé
WO2012051038A1 (fr) 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 Corning Incorporated Stratifiés de verre renforcés chimiquement
WO2019070788A1 (fr) 2017-10-06 2019-04-11 Corning Incorporated Stratifié de verre présentant une faible contrainte de compression, une grande profondeur de couche, une couche de verre interne renforcée chimiquement et procédé associé
WO2019245819A1 (fr) 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Corning Incorporated Construction en stratifié de verre avec rupture contrôlée pour la sécurité des piétons
WO2020020937A1 (fr) 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuillete comprenant une feuille de verre mince trempe chimiquement

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1946358A1 (de) 1969-08-15 1971-02-25 Glaverbel Durch Ionenaustausch getemperte Glasgegenstaende
GB1339980A (en) 1970-02-09 1973-12-05 Ppg Industries Inc Glass article
DE2223353A1 (de) * 1971-05-21 1972-11-30 Glaverbel Platten mit einer Glasscheibe und deren Herstellung
WO2011120656A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de production de verre plat trempé
WO2012051038A1 (fr) 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 Corning Incorporated Stratifiés de verre renforcés chimiquement
WO2019070788A1 (fr) 2017-10-06 2019-04-11 Corning Incorporated Stratifié de verre présentant une faible contrainte de compression, une grande profondeur de couche, une couche de verre interne renforcée chimiquement et procédé associé
WO2019245819A1 (fr) 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Corning Incorporated Construction en stratifié de verre avec rupture contrôlée pour la sécurité des piétons
WO2020020937A1 (fr) 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuillete comprenant une feuille de verre mince trempe chimiquement

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