EP3130882A1 - Method and device for controlling the power type and power emission of a warhead - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling the power type and power emission of a warhead Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3130882A1
EP3130882A1 EP16001715.8A EP16001715A EP3130882A1 EP 3130882 A1 EP3130882 A1 EP 3130882A1 EP 16001715 A EP16001715 A EP 16001715A EP 3130882 A1 EP3130882 A1 EP 3130882A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
shadow mask
shell
porous
warhead
ignition device
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Granted
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EP16001715.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3130882B1 (en
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Werner Arnold
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/22—Elements for controlling or guiding the detonation wave, e.g. tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F42C19/0842—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for multiple mode selection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the performance and power emission of a cylindrical warhead, comprising at least two ignition devices, the first in the region of one of the head sides and the second is arranged in the region around the center of the longitudinal axis of the warhead and optionally either individually or in a selectable temporal Distance are triggered, comprising a cylindrical explosive charge with a surrounding tubular shadow mask, and comprising a splitter forming, the shadow mask surrounding shell.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method with which a known warhead between splitter production and pressure (blast) generation can be easily switched.
  • the shell acts as a barrier between the expanding swaths and the surrounding air. Any delay in removing this Barrier causes that the swath temperatures have already fallen below the reaction thresholds, so that the reactions are suppressed.
  • the particular advantage of the inventive solution is that, for the first time, the optional use of different initiation sites in one case for complete suppression of post-reactions and thus targeted elimination of the blast effect leads. In the other case, it comes to a complete after-reaction of the oxygen-undiluted swaths and thus to an extremely high blast effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a warhead GK with two different ignition ZK1, ZK2 shown, which can be initiated either individually but also at selectable times together.
  • One ignition device ZK1 is arranged on the head side K of the warhead GK in the region of a detonation waveguide DW.
  • the second ignition device ZK2 is mounted approximately centrally in the explosive charge SP on the longitudinal axis L of the warhead.
  • the centrally arranged explosive charge SP is surrounded on the outside by a perforated mask LM. This is located directly on the shell H of the warhead GK.
  • the materials of the shell H and their strengths are chosen so that a strong and rapid disassembly and thus an early opening to escape the swaths is guaranteed.
  • This can be done for example by special sintering of metal particles.
  • offer high-density materials such as molybdenum or tungsten alloys.
  • FIG. 2 their functionality and switchability are shown.
  • the dashed lines of detonation fronts strike the shadow mask LM frontally. This forms very fast Particle jets that extremely impact and disassemble the shell.
  • the right side of the FIG. 2 has been switched to grazing mode. Now no particle jets are formed any more and the premature disassembly of the shell is avoided. Thus, the suppression of post-reactions also causes the selective elimination of the blast effect.
  • the localized blast mode is shown while avoiding collateral damage.
  • the shell disassembly mode is activated.
  • the hull is quickly and effectively disassembled and subdivided into small and smallest fragments that do not fly far, as they are slowed down by the air quickly.
  • the swaths can escape quickly and mix with the surrounding air. It comes to a complete after-reaction of the oxygen-undiluted swaths. Together, an extremely high blast effect is formed locally, through the finest disassembled, fast metal particles of the shell, supplemented by the blast from the 100% reactions of the swaths. Further reaching effects (some 100 m) are undesirable and not to be expected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Initiierung ermöglicht die Umschaltung der Leistungsabgabe zwischen Blast- und Splitter-Erzeugung.The initiation method according to the invention makes it possible to switch the power output between blast and splitter generation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung der Leistungsart und Leistungsemission eines zylindrischen Gefechtskopfes, aufweisend wenigstens zwei Zündeinrichtungen, deren erste im Bereich einer der Kopfseiten und deren zweite im Bereich um die Mitte der Längsachse des Gefechtskopfes angeordnet ist und die wahlweise einzeln oder in einem wählbaren zeitlichen Abstand ausgelöst werden, aufweisend eine zylindrische Sprengladung mit einer diese umgebenden rohrförmigen Lochmaske, und aufweisend eine Splitter bildende, die Lochmaske umgebende Hülle.The invention relates to a method for controlling the performance and power emission of a cylindrical warhead, comprising at least two ignition devices, the first in the region of one of the head sides and the second is arranged in the region around the center of the longitudinal axis of the warhead and optionally either individually or in a selectable temporal Distance are triggered, comprising a cylindrical explosive charge with a surrounding tubular shadow mask, and comprising a splitter forming, the shadow mask surrounding shell.

Bekannt sind Standard Druck- (oder häufiger als "Blast" bezeichnet) / Splitter-Ladungen mit einer Sprengladungs-Masse C (Energie-Lieferant) und einer Hüllen-Masse M. Das sogenannte Gurney-Verhältnis µ = M/C bestimmt nun die Geschwindigkeit v, und damit den Impuls I = Mv bzw. die kinetische Energie Ekin = M/2v2 der Hülle.Known are standard pressure (or more commonly referred to as "blast") / splinter charges with an explosive mass C (energy supplier) and a shell mass M. The so-called Gurney ratio μ = M / C now determines the velocity v, and thus the momentum I = Mv or the kinetic energy E kin = M / 2v 2 of the envelope.

Die Rest-Energie der gesamten gespeicherten Sprengstoff-Energie Eges geht in die Blast-Leistung EB der Sprengladung. Diese beiden Komponenten zusammen: Splitter- und Blast-Energie (Ekin + EB) bestimmen damit die Gesamtleistung einer Blast/Splitter-Ladung.The residual energy of the total stored explosive energy E ges goes into the blast power E B of the explosive charge. These two components together: splinter and blast energy (E kin + E B ) thus determine the overall performance of a blast / splinter charge.

Es gibt nun ein Optimum für die kinetische Energie bzw. den Impuls einer Ladung. Das Optimum hängt von vorgegebenen Randbedingungen ab, hier etwa eine konstante Gesamtmasse und konstantes Kaliber. Es könnte beispielsweise alternativ auch ein konstantes Gesamt-Volumen verlangt sein.There is now an optimum for the kinetic energy or the momentum of a charge. The optimum depends on given boundary conditions, here about a constant total mass and constant caliber. For example, it could alternatively be required a constant total volume.

Die Erzielung eines Optimums erfordert ein bestimmtes Verhältnis von M und C zueinander. Dieses Optimum wird häufig angestrebt, wenn nicht weitere Randbedingungen, wie z.B. eine dicke Ladungs-Hülle für einen Penetrator, zur Perforation von Strukturzielen mit starken Betonwänden, vorgegeben sind. Deshalb ist man häufig in der Entscheidung nicht frei, welche Verhältnisse von M zu C gewählt werden können.Achieving an optimum requires a certain ratio of M and C to each other. This optimum is often sought, if not further boundary conditions, such as a thick charge shell for a penetrator, for Perforation of structural targets with strong concrete walls, are given. Therefore one is often not free in the decision as to which ratios can be chosen from M to C.

Zur maximal möglichen erzielbaren Blast-Leistung ist es notwendig, den Sauerstoff der Luft für die Nachreaktion, also die Verbrennung der gesamten entstehenden Sprengstoffschwaden auszunutzen. Militärische Sprengstoffe sind nämlich stark sauerstoff-unterbilanziert, d.h. es kommt während der Detonation nur zur teilweisen Freisetzung der gesamten möglichen Blast-Leistung. In den Schwaden sind noch viele nicht vollständig oxidierte Moleküle, wie beispielsweise C, CO, HO (bzw. zusätzlich hinzugefügtes Metall-Pulver wie Al) statt CO2 und H2O (bzw. Al2O3). Zur vollständigen Oxidation dieser Schwaden ist aber eine ausreichende Durchmischung mit der umgebenden Luft vonnöten.For the maximum possible achievable blast performance, it is necessary to use the oxygen of the air for the post-reaction, ie the combustion of the entire resulting explosive swaths. In fact, military explosives are heavily oxygen-evacuated, which means that during the detonation only partial release of all possible blast power occurs. In the windrows are still many not completely oxidized molecules, such as C, CO, HO (or additionally added metal powder such as Al) instead of CO 2 and H 2 O (or Al 2 O 3 ). For complete oxidation of these windrows but sufficient mixing with the surrounding air is needed.

Bei Versuchen hat es sich gezeigt, dass diese Nachreaktionen mit der Luft gänzlich unterdrückt werden können, d.h. es kommt nur zu geringfügigen Nachverbrennungen und damit entsprechend nur zu stark verminderten Blast-Leistungen. Hierbei konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass der Unterschied zwischen vollständiger Blast-Leistung und unterdrückter Blast-Leistung bis zu 400% beträgt.Experiments have shown that these post-reactions with the air can be completely suppressed, i. it comes only to minor afterburning and thus only to greatly reduced blast performance. It could be shown that the difference between complete blast performance and suppressed blast performance is up to 400%.

Die Erklärung für dieses Phänomen liegt in der starken Temperatur-Abnahme durch adiabatische Expansion der Schwaden-Gase. Bevor die Hülle aufreißt und sich die Sprengstoff-Schwaden mit der Luft vermischen und mit dem Sauerstoff reagieren können, sind diese schon so stark abgekühlt, dass sie die Schwellen der Reaktions-Temperarturen für die verschiedenen Gas-Moleküle (z.B. CO) unterschritten haben - es kommt zur völligen Unterdrückung von Schwaden-Reaktionen.The explanation for this phenomenon lies in the strong temperature decrease due to adiabatic expansion of the vapor gases. Before the shell ruptures and the explosive swaths can mix with the air and react with the oxygen, they have already cooled down so much that they have fallen below the thresholds of the reaction temperatures for the different gas molecules (eg CO) - it comes to the complete suppression of swath reactions.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem auf einfache Weise ein bekannter Gefechtskopf zwischen Splittererzeugung und Druck- (Blast-) Erzeugung umgeschaltet werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method with which a known warhead between splitter production and pressure (blast) generation can be easily switched.

Wie bereits ausgeführt wirkt die Hülle als Barriere zwischen den expandierenden Schwaden und der umgebenden Luft. Jede Verzögerung bei der Beseitigung dieser Barriere führt dazu, dass die Schwaden-Temperaturen die Reaktionsschwellen bereits unterschritten haben, so dass die Reaktionen unterdrückt werden.As already stated, the shell acts as a barrier between the expanding swaths and the surrounding air. Any delay in removing this Barrier causes that the swath temperatures have already fallen below the reaction thresholds, so that the reactions are suppressed.

Die Lösung des Problems besteht nun in der rechtzeitigen Beseitigung dieser Barriere. Es bieten sich zwei Möglichkeiten dazu an, die sich durch Abstimmung und Harmonisierung gegenseitig unterstützen und ergänzen können.The solution to the problem is now the timely removal of this barrier. There are two ways of doing this, which can support and complement each other through coordination and harmonization.

Gemäß der Erfindung besteht die Lösung aus einem Verfahren mit folgenden wahlweise durchzuführenden Schritten:

  • nach alleiniger Auslösung der ersten Zündeinrichtung und der dann erfolgenden Ablenkung der erzeugten Detonationsfront, welche im Wesentlichen streifend zwischen der Hülle und der aus einem porösen RSM-Material (Reaktives-Struktur-Material) bestehenden Lochmaske verläuft, wird die Detonationsfront durch die Lochmaske zusätzlich gedämpft, wodurch keine chemische Reaktion im porösen RSM-Material erfolgt und wodurch die Splitter der Hülle radial beschleunigt werden, ohne dass eine nennenswerte Blast-Reaktion erfolgt,
  • nach alleiniger Auslösung der zweiten Zündeinrichtung trifft die erzeugte Detonationsfront im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die aus einem porösen RSM-Material bestehende Lochmaske, wodurch die durch deren Löcher durchströmenden Sprengstoffpartikel die Hülle und nachfolgend auch die Lochmaske zerlegen, und wodurch aufgrund des dann verfügbaren Sauerstoffs eine vollständige Nachreaktion der Sprengstoff-Schwaden erfolgt,
  • bei Auslösung der ersten und der zweiten Zündeinrichtung zu wählbaren Zeitpunkten erfolgt eine von den Zündzeitpunkten abhängige Verteilung von Splittererzeugung oder Blast-Erzeugung.
According to the invention, the solution consists of a process with the following optional steps to be carried out:
  • after triggering the first ignition device and then deflecting the generated detonation front, which extends essentially grazing between the casing and the porous mask material made of a porous RSM material (reactive structure material), the detonation front is additionally attenuated by the shadow mask, whereby no chemical reaction takes place in the porous RSM material and whereby the splinters of the shell are radially accelerated, without a significant Blast reaction takes place,
  • after the second ignition device has been triggered alone, the generated detonation front strikes the perforated mask consisting of a porous RSM material substantially perpendicularly, whereby the explosive particles flowing through their holes disassemble the shell and subsequently also the shadow mask, resulting in a complete after-reaction due to the then available oxygen the explosive swaths take place,
  • when the first and the second ignition device are triggered at selectable times, a distribution of splinter generation or blast generation, which depends on the ignition times, takes place.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den nachgeordneten Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the subordinate claims.

Der besondere Vorteil der erfinderischen Lösung liegt darin, dass erstmalig der wahlweise Einsatz unterschiedlicher Initiierungsorte in einem Fall zur vollständigen Unterdrückung von Nachreaktionen und damit zur gezielten Ausschaltung des Blast-Effektes führt. Im anderen Fall kommt es zur vollständigen Nachreaktion der sauerstoff-unterbilanzierten Schwaden und damit zu einem extrem hohen Blast-Effekt.The particular advantage of the inventive solution is that, for the first time, the optional use of different initiation sites in one case for complete suppression of post-reactions and thus targeted elimination of the blast effect leads. In the other case, it comes to a complete after-reaction of the oxygen-undiluted swaths and thus to an extremely high blast effect.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: einen zylindrischen Gefechtskopf mit integrierter Lochmaske,
  • Fig. 2: unterschiedliche Initiierungsmodi des Gefechtskopfes.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a cylindrical warhead with integrated shadow mask,
  • Fig. 2 : different initiation modes of the warhead.

In der Figur 1 ist ein Gefechtskopf GK mit zwei unterschiedlichen Zündstellen ZK1, ZK2 dargestellt, die wahlweise einzeln aber auch zu wählbaren Zeitpunkten gemeinsam initiiert werden können. Die eine Zündeinrichtung ZK1 ist an der Kopfseite K des Gefechtskopfes GK im Bereich eines Detonationswellenlenkers DW angeordnet. Die zweite Zündeinrichtung ZK2 ist etwa mittig in der Sprengladung SP auf der Längsachse L des Gefechtskopfes montiert.In the FIG. 1 is a warhead GK with two different ignition ZK1, ZK2 shown, which can be initiated either individually but also at selectable times together. One ignition device ZK1 is arranged on the head side K of the warhead GK in the region of a detonation waveguide DW. The second ignition device ZK2 is mounted approximately centrally in the explosive charge SP on the longitudinal axis L of the warhead.

Die zentral angeordnete Sprengladung SP ist außen von einer Lochmaske LM umgeben. Diese liegt unmittelbar an der Hülle H des Gefechtskopfes GK an.The centrally arranged explosive charge SP is surrounded on the outside by a perforated mask LM. This is located directly on the shell H of the warhead GK.

Je nachdem, welche Zündeinrichtung gewählt wird, ergibt sich bei deren Initiierung nach dem hier beschriebenen Verfahren eine Situation, wie sie links oder rechts in der Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Dazu werden gegenüber den bekannten Methoden nun solche in erweiterter Form verwendet.Depending on which ignition device is selected, results in their initiation by the method described here a situation as left or right in the FIG. 2 is shown. For this purpose, compared to the known methods, those in expanded form are now used.

Zum einen werden die Materialien der Hülle H und ihre Festigkeiten so gewählt, dass eine starke und schnelle Zerlegung und damit eine frühzeitige Öffnung zur Entweichung der Schwaden gewährleistet ist. Dies kann beispielsweise durch spezielle Sinterungen von Metall-Partikeln geschehen. Hierfür bieten sich hochdichte Materialien wie Molybdän oder Wolfram-Legierungen an.On the one hand, the materials of the shell H and their strengths are chosen so that a strong and rapid disassembly and thus an early opening to escape the swaths is guaranteed. This can be done for example by special sintering of metal particles. For this purpose, offer high-density materials such as molybdenum or tungsten alloys.

Zum anderen wird dies durch umschaltbare Methoden zur Hüllen-Öffnung unterstützt. In Figur 2 wird deren Funktionalität und Umschaltbarkeit dargestellt. In der linken Teilabbildung treffen die gestrichelt gezeichneten Detonationsfronten frontal senkrecht auf die Lochmaske LM auf. Dadurch bilden sich sehr schnelle Partikel-Jets, die die Hülle extrem beaufschlagen und zerlegen. Auf der rechten Seite der Figur 2 ist auf den streifenden Modus umgeschaltet worden. Nun bilden sich keinerlei Partikel-Jets mehr aus und die frühzeitige Zerlegung der Hülle unterbleibt.Somit wird durch die Unterdrückung von Nachreaktionen auch die gezielte Ausschaltung des Blast-Effektes bewirkt.On the other hand, this is supported by switchable methods for sheath opening. In FIG. 2 their functionality and switchability are shown. In the left partial illustration, the dashed lines of detonation fronts strike the shadow mask LM frontally. This forms very fast Particle jets that extremely impact and disassemble the shell. On the right side of the FIG. 2 has been switched to grazing mode. Now no particle jets are formed any more and the premature disassembly of the shell is avoided. Thus, the suppression of post-reactions also causes the selective elimination of the blast effect.

In der linken Teilabbildung der Figur 2 ist der lokal begrenzte Blast-Modus unter Vermeidung von Kollateralschäden dargestellt. In diesem Fall ist der Hüllen-Zerlege-Modus aktiviert. Die Hülle wird schnell und effektiv in kleine und kleinste Splitter zerlegt und subzerlegt, die nicht weit fliegen, da sie von der Luft schnell abgebremst werden. Die Schwaden können rasch entweichen und sich mit der umgebenden Luft vermischen. Es kommt zur vollständigen Nachreaktion der sauerstoff-unterbilanzierten Schwaden. Zusammen bildet sich also lokal ein extrem hoher Blast-Effekt aus, durch feinst zerlegte, schnelle Metall-Partikel der Hülle, ergänzt durch den Blast aus den 100%-Reaktionen der Schwaden. Weiter reichende Wirkungen (einige 100 m) sind nicht erwünscht und auch nicht zu erwarten.In the left partial picture of the FIG. 2 The localized blast mode is shown while avoiding collateral damage. In this case, the shell disassembly mode is activated. The hull is quickly and effectively disassembled and subdivided into small and smallest fragments that do not fly far, as they are slowed down by the air quickly. The swaths can escape quickly and mix with the surrounding air. It comes to a complete after-reaction of the oxygen-undiluted swaths. Together, an extremely high blast effect is formed locally, through the finest disassembled, fast metal particles of the shell, supplemented by the blast from the 100% reactions of the swaths. Further reaching effects (some 100 m) are undesirable and not to be expected.

In der rechten Teilabbildung der Figur 2 ist der bekannte Modus der ausschließlichen Splitterbildung dargestellt. Dabei ist der Modus des Zerlegens der Hülle ausgeschaltet. Somit werden keine Partikel-Jets erzeugt. Die Detonation läuft wie gewöhnlich ab, so dass die Splitter (ob natürliche, oder vorgeformte Splitter) nicht zerlegt oder subzerlegt, sondern wie gewohnt beschleunigt werden und über große Distanzen (einige hundert Meter) weit fliegen und ihre Wirkung im militärischen Ziel voll entfalten können. Es kommt zum Abbruch von Nachreaktionen und einer sehr stark verminderten Blast-Wirkung. Diese ist ohnehin räumlich eng begrenzt und wird hier nicht zur Unterstützung der Leistungsabgabe benötigt.In the right part picture of the FIG. 2 is the well-known mode of exclusive fragmentation shown. The mode of disassembling the case is switched off. Thus, no particle jets are generated. The detonation proceeds as usual, so that the splinters (whether natural or preformed splinters) are not decomposed or subdivided, but accelerated as usual and can fly far over long distances (a few hundred meters) and fully unfold their effect in the military objective. It comes to the termination of post-reactions and a very greatly reduced blast effect. This is in any case spatially limited and is not needed here to support the power delivery.

Natürlich ist es auch möglich mittels annähernd zeitgleicher Initiierung beider Zündeinrichtungen ZK1 und ZK2 eine Mischform der beiden oben genannten Effekte zu erzielen.Of course, it is also possible by means of approximately simultaneous initiation of both ignition devices ZK1 and ZK2 to achieve a mixed form of the two effects mentioned above.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur Steuerung der Leistungsart und Leistungsemission eines zylindrischen Gefechtskopfes, aufweisend wenigstens zwei Zündeinrichtungen, deren erste im Bereich einer der Kopfseiten und deren zweite im Bereich um die Mitte der Längsachse des Gefechtskopfes angeordnet ist und die wahlweise einzeln oder in einem wählbaren zeitlichen Abstand ausgelöst werden, aufweisend eine zentral angeordnete Sprengladung mit einer die umgebende rohrförmigen Lochmaske, und aufweisend eine Splitter bildende, die Lochmaske umgebende Hülle,
gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale, a) nach alleiniger Auslösung der ersten Zündeinrichtung und der dann erfolgenden Ablenkung der erzeugten Detonationsfront, welche im Wesentlichen streifend an der aus einem porösen RSM-Material bestehenden Lochmaske verläuft, wird die Detonationsfront durch die Lochmaske zusätzlich gedämpft, wodurch keine chemische Reaktion im porösen RSM-Material erfolgt und wodurch die Splitter der Hülle radial beschleunigt werden, ohne dass eine nennenswerte Blast-Reaktion erfolgt, b) nach alleiniger Auslösung der zweiten Zündeinrichtung trifft die erzeugte Detonationsfront im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die aus einem porösen RSM-Material bestehende Lochmaske, wodurch die durch deren Löcher durchströmenden Sprengstoffpartikel die Hülle und auch die Lochmaske zerlegen, und wodurch aufgrund des dann verfügbaren Sauerstoffs eine vollständige Nachreaktion der Sprengstoff-Schwaden erfolgt, c) bei Auslösung der ersten und der zweiten Zündeinrichtung zu wählbaren Zeitpunkten erfolgt eine von den Zündzeitpunkten abhängige Verteilung von Splittererzeugung oder Blast-Erzeugung. A method for controlling the performance and power emission of a cylindrical warhead, comprising at least two ignition devices, the first of which is arranged in the region of one of the head sides and the second in the region around the center of the longitudinal axis of the warhead and which are triggered either individually or at a selectable interval, comprising a centrally disposed explosive charge with a surrounding the surrounding tubular shadow mask, and comprising a splitter surrounding the shadow mask shell,
characterized by the following features, a) after the triggering of the first ignition device and the subsequent deflection of the generated detonation front, which extends essentially grazing on the shadow mask consisting of a porous RSM material, the detonation front is additionally attenuated by the shadow mask, whereby no chemical reaction in the porous RSM Material takes place and whereby the splinters of the shell are radially accelerated, without a significant blast reaction takes place, b) after the second ignition device has been triggered only, the generated detonation front strikes the perforated mask consisting of a porous RSM material substantially perpendicularly, whereby the explosive particles flowing through the holes break up the shell and also the shadow mask, and due to the then available oxygen a complete Afterreaction of the explosive swaths takes place, c) when the first and the second ignition device are triggered at selectable times, a distribution of splinter generation or blast generation takes place, which is dependent on the ignition times. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, umfassend einen zylindrischen Gefechtskopf mit einer zylindrischen zentralen Sprengladung und einer diese umgebenden rohrförmigen Lochmaske, sowie mit wenigstens zwei Zündeinrichtungen, deren erste im Bereich einer der Kopfseiten der zylindrischen Ladung angeordnet ist und deren zweite im Bereich um die Mitte der Längsachse des Gefechtskopfes angeordnet ist, und mit einer Splitter bildenden, die Lochmaske umgebenden Hülle,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gefechtskopf wahlweise nach einem der drei Modi initiierbar ist, a) entweder mittels alleiniger Auslösung der ersten Zündeinrichtung, wodurch die erzeugte Detonationsfront nach Ablenkung um einen Detonationswellenlenker im Wesentlichen streifend an der aus einem porösen RSM-Material bestehenden Lochmaske führbar ist, wobei die Lochmaske als Dämpfung für die Detonationsfront nutzbar ist, wodurch die Auslösung ohne jegliche chemische Reaktion im porösen RSM-Material durchführbar ist, wobei die Splitter der Hülle ohne eine nennenswerte Blast-Reaktion radial beschleunigbar sind, b) oder mittels alleiniger Auslösung der zweiten Zündeinrichtung, wodurch die erzeugte Detonationsfront im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die aus einem porösen RSM-Material bestehende Lochmaske führbar ist, wodurch mittels der durch deren Löcher strömenden Sprengstoffpartikel die Hülle und nachfolgend auch die Lochmaske zerlegbar sind, und wodurch aufgrund des dann verfügbaren Sauerstoffs eine vollständige Nachreaktion der Sprengstoff-Schwaden bewirkbar ist, c) oder mittels Auslösung der ersten und der zweiten Zündeinrichtung zu wählbaren Zeitpunkten, wodurch eine von den Zündzeitpunkten abhängige Verteilung von Splittererzeugung oder Blast-Erzeugung bewirkbar ist. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a cylindrical warhead with a cylindrical central explosive charge and a surrounding tubular shadow mask, and with at least two ignition devices, the first of which is arranged in the region of one of the head sides of the cylindrical charge and the second in the region around the Is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal axis of the warhead, and with a splinter-forming shell surrounding the shadow mask,
characterized in that the warhead is selectively initiatable according to one of the three modes, a) either by solely triggering the first ignition device, whereby the generated detonation front after deflection around a detonation waveguide is substantially grazing on the existing of a porous RSM material hole mask feasible, the shadow mask is used as damping for the detonation front, whereby the triggering without any chemical reaction in the porous RSM material is feasible, the splinters of the shell can be radially accelerated without a significant Blast reaction, b) or by means of the sole triggering of the second ignition device, whereby the generated detonation front can be guided substantially perpendicular to the perforated mask consisting of a porous RSM material, whereby the shell and subsequently also the shadow mask can be dismantled by means of the explosive particles flowing through their holes due to the then available oxygen a complete reaction of the explosive swaths is effected, c) or by triggering the first and the second ignition device at selectable times, whereby a dependent of the ignition timing distribution of splinter generation or blast generation is effected. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Hülle und Lochmaske aus porösem RSM-Material bestehen.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that shell and shadow mask are made of porous RSM material. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Hülle und Lochmaske aus unterschiedlichem RSM-Material bestehen.Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the shell and shadow mask are made of different RSM material.
EP16001715.8A 2015-08-08 2016-08-03 Method and device for controlling the power type and power emission of a warhead Active EP3130882B1 (en)

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US20170146326A1 (en) 2017-05-25
NO2731949T3 (en) 2018-09-01

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