EP3083137B1 - Procédé et rectifieuse pour mesurer et produire un contour extérieur d'une pièce par rectification - Google Patents

Procédé et rectifieuse pour mesurer et produire un contour extérieur d'une pièce par rectification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3083137B1
EP3083137B1 EP14820837.4A EP14820837A EP3083137B1 EP 3083137 B1 EP3083137 B1 EP 3083137B1 EP 14820837 A EP14820837 A EP 14820837A EP 3083137 B1 EP3083137 B1 EP 3083137B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
workpiece
measurement
axis
region
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EP14820837.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3083137A2 (fr
Inventor
Erwin Junker
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Erwin Junker Grinding Technology AS
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Erwin Junker Grinding Technology AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
    • B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring and generating an outer contour of at least one region of a workpiece by grinding and a grinding machine for carrying out the method.
  • In-process measurements for the continuous measurement of workpiece areas directly during processing, ie in particular during grinding, with a corresponding adaptive control of the grinding process as a function of the current measured workpiece dimensions are known.
  • the companies Marposs SpA or JENOPTIK Industrial Metrology Germany GmbH are used.
  • the measuring device known for measuring inside diameters of bores as well as outside diameters has a movable probe in the form of a spherical element, wherein an additional element is provided, which transmits deflections to the spherical element.
  • the workpiece is measured with respect to its diameter in a contact region on the outer or on the inner surface, which lies substantially in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the component to be measured.
  • the spherical member is in contact with a stopper surface on which it is movable in oblique direction, wherein the stopper surface is concave in cross-section, which serves as a seat for the spherical member and this leads in the oblique direction.
  • the measuring plane of the respective diameter to be measured is defined as the reference position.
  • DE 33 36 072 C2 described a sensing device for measuring linear dimensions, which has also been registered by the company Marposs SpA.
  • the measurement is carried out with the known probes for external dimensions as well as for internal dimensions in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the finished finished to be measured Workpiece portion.
  • a measurement of shape deviations such as roundness error is not described.
  • in-process measuring technology is used to measure the larger dimensions of machined workpiece areas including the continuous measurement of these dimensions for adaptive control of the grinding process depending on the measured workpiece parameters as well as the optional use of these measuring devices Control of the roundness described, the latter being measured at the end of the machining process (see there the measuring systems DF500 or DF700, page 15).
  • this known measuring system is also described to work for the determination of outer diameters with two measuring heads in the sense of an in-process measurement.
  • shape dimensions are also made after completion of grinding or a grinding process step, but not used for adaptive control.
  • the measurements in particular the diameter of the workpiece areas to be ground, preferably always take place in the center of the grinding wheel, which also corresponds approximately to the center of the bearing point to be ground or the workpiece area.
  • the location of the measurement at a particular location is called a measurement track, i. in the case described, the measuring track is in the axial direction, seen in the grinding wheel width, in the center of the grinding wheel. If, for example, lubrication holes in the grinding area or the use of steady rests during grinding is provided, the measuring track is also arranged eccentrically, i. it is measured off-center.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a grinding machine by means of which by means of an in-process measurement both the dimensions and the shape of a workpiece to be ground during grinding detected and the desired shape based on these measured values can be corrected adaptively.
  • the method is used to measure an outer nominal contour of at least one area of a workpiece, in particular a crankshaft, in terms of dimensions and shape and also to produce dimensions and shape by longitudinal or plunge grinding by means of a grinding wheel on a grinding center with CNC control.
  • an actual contour is first measured on the workpiece or workpiece area.
  • the measured values of the dimensions and the shape, in at least two spaced-apart, extending transversely to the longitudinal extent of the respective workpiece area, located in the grinding wheel engagement area measurement levels are detected by a measuring device.
  • the at least two measurement planes are generated by a relative movement between the workpiece area and the measuring device in the Z-axis direction relative to the movement of the grinding wheel in the direction of its Z-axis.
  • the measuring device is movable in the axial direction of the longitudinal extent of the workpiece area to be ground on this, with a fixed grinding wheel, but on the other hand it is also possible that the measuring device is fixed and the workpiece is moved relative to the measuring device.
  • the grinding wheel itself can be moved in the Z-axis direction along the workpiece area to be ground; However, it is also possible to use a grinding wheel with a width that the entire workpiece area to be ground can be ground in the sense of a plunge grinding without moving the grinding wheel in its Z-axis direction.
  • the measured values of the dimensions and the shape of the ground workpiece area at the at least two measurement levels are transmitted to the CNC controller.
  • Adaptive grinding is to be understood here as meaning that both the dimensions and the shape of the workpiece area to be ground are measured permanently or at intervals and entered into the control device in the sense of an in-process measurement, wherein the control device is designed such that it opens Based on these measurements both in terms of dimensions and in terms of shape such as roundness of the workpiece section to be ground is adaptively deliverable. This ensures that the quality of the workpiece area to be ground in terms of dimensions and also shape, in particular roundness, is significantly better than that which can be produced with the known grinding and measuring methods.
  • the measuring track is adjusted in the axial direction over the grinding wheel width during grinding, so that the entire outer contour can be detected during grinding and the corresponding measured values can be entered into the control device for the delivery of the grinding wheel, so that also the Form deviations can be permanently corrected, ie be automatically compensated.
  • the method according to the invention is also applicable, above all, to pendulum lifting grinding, which is used for grinding, in particular, the crank bearings of a crankshaft.
  • the grinding of the rod bearings is now for the first time in an in-process measurement with respect to the diameter as well as the shape of the bearing as well as in terms of shape tolerances as well as the shape, for example, cylindricity, conicity or deviations thereof or a spherical or concave shape of the respective journal, and measured through the bearing width feasible.
  • an adaptive grinding realized on the basis of the measured values determined in several measuring tracks is also used during grinding of the stroke bearings.
  • the measuring device moves in the Z-axis direction relative to the grinding workpiece, so the measuring device with respect to the width of the grinding wheel, i. in relation to the geometric longitudinal axis of the workpiece to be ground, move automatically.
  • the number of measurement tracks or measurement planes to be measured on the workpiece to be ground depends on the required accuracy and also on the desired shape of the outer contour to be measured.
  • the deviation of the shape is measured by two measurement planes farthest on the workpiece area, and more preferably, the measurement planes are continuously adjusted over the entire measuring range.
  • the measurement planes are continuously adjusted over the entire measuring range.
  • the measuring device is stationary on the wheelhead relative to this in the X direction and arranged movable relative to this in the Z direction and the wheelhead movable in the Z-axis direction, so that here also the respective desired measurement levels or measurement tracks individually and stepless each can be adjusted according to accuracy and to be ground target outer contour.
  • the movement of the measuring device by means of an electric drive, which is preferably controlled freely programmable.
  • an electric drive which is preferably controlled freely programmable.
  • the measuring device and thus the flexibility of the method according to the invention obtains a high degree of freedom and forms the basis for the application to a wide variety of external target contours to be ground.
  • the measuring device is moved hydraulically or pneumatically in the Z direction.
  • the use of a hydraulic or pneumatic drive device for the movement of the measuring device or the use of a freely programmable electric drive depends on the particular application and on the envisaged budget for the machine on which the inventive method is realized.
  • the measured values in the at least two measuring planes are detected only after finish grinding and for the measured contour of the workpiece to be evaluated in its entirety, and then the results for grinding the next workpiece optionally with a correction for the contour incorporated in the control by means of CNC control of the grinding wheel are taken into account.
  • this deviation is generated by pivoting the grinding wheel in a horizontal plane about a CNC-controlled axis.
  • the horizontal plane runs horizontally to the central axis of the workpiece.
  • the desired shape of the workpiece area is usually ground by a grinding program entered into the CNC control, wherein as a result of the measurement of the outer target shape of the workpiece area an adaptive adjustment of the grinding program is made, which means that corrections or correction functions are entered into the grinding program be so that during grinding otherwise resulting or overlapping errors can be further reduced.
  • the desired shape of the workpiece region is ground by means of a grinding wheel previously dressed in accordance with the desired shape to be achieved with a dressing wheel and grinding the workpiece region in a corrected manner by re-dressing the grinding wheel.
  • the method according to the invention can also be applied to a dressing wheel, so that the corresponding accuracies in terms of dimensions and shape can be achieved on the workpiece area to be ground also by a regular high-precision dressing of the grinding wheel in a manner which in terms of accuracy with respect to known are significantly improved or increased.
  • the cylindricity, conicity or a crowned or concave shape of a bearing, in particular a crankshaft over the bearing width already on the grinding machine during grinding can not only be measured exactly, but also directly by selective adaptive influence and correction via the grinding program also be corrected.
  • crankshafts have large dimensions, which is often the case with crankshafts for truck engines or stationary diesel engine units.
  • the demands on the cycle time are included the production of crankshafts not critical to the extent critical for smaller components.
  • increased measurements in just according to the invention several measurement planes are performed, which although the processing times slightly increased, but this contributes to the considerable increase in the quality of the finished component.
  • the price of this particular large crankshaft is already relatively high after prefabrication and is several hundred or several thousand euros.
  • the method according to the invention becomes even more effective, the more expensive and complex the production of the blank in the processing steps before grinding. This is especially true for the production of special crankshafts with small batch sizes.
  • a grinding machine according to the invention, on which the method according to one of claims 1 to 12 is carried out.
  • This grinding machine according to the invention has a measuring device, by means of which dimensions and shape such as diameter and or roundness of workpiece areas of a rotating around a center workpiece, in particular a crankshaft, are measured and generated with a central longitudinal axis.
  • This grinding machine has a mounted in a wheelhead grinding wheel, which grinds during grinding with simultaneous feed movement in the direction of its X-axis.
  • the X-axis is understood to mean the movement of the grinding wheel at right angles, relative to the longitudinal extension of the workpiece region to be ground.
  • the grinding machine according to the invention belonging measuring device is arranged on the wheelhead and designed such that a sensor to the workpiece area for installation is pivoted, wherein the measuring device or the actual measurement exporting probe or the probe element arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece area measuring planes, which in the direction of Workpiece longitudinal center axis can be arranged according to the movement of the measuring device or the probe in this direction for the purpose of measuring at any position.
  • the measuring device is fixedly arranged, whereas a workpiece spine spanning the workpiece is movable in the Z-direction.
  • the measuring device or its sensor is in the form of two arranged in the manner of a prism measuring surfaces. During measurement, these measuring surfaces touch the workpiece area on the contact area at a defined distance from each other.
  • the measuring surfaces are arranged on the legs of the prism, on each leg of the prism a measuring surface is provided.
  • the actual probe element for measuring is arranged in the middle part of the prism between the measuring surfaces.
  • the measuring device is moved by means of a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric drive to the contact area.
  • this is a CNC-controlled measuring device, which is arranged on the wheelhead, so that a defined investment position and thus highly accurate measurement can be realized.
  • the grinding wheel used for grinding the workpiece area preferably has a width which corresponds approximately to the length of the workpiece area.
  • the grinding wheel grinds in its delivery the workpiece area to be ground quasi by means of plunge grinding, without the grinding of the respective shaft portion would require a feed movement of the grinding wheel in the direction of its Z-axis.
  • the grinding wheel is formed with a width which is smaller than the axial length of the workpiece area to be ground, the grinding wheel in such a case along its axis of rotation over the axial longitudinal direction the grinding of the workpiece area performs a longitudinal grinding and thus is moved during grinding along its Z-axis.
  • the grinding machine has a measuring device designed in such a way that a conical, crowned or concave shape of the workpiece region can be determined by means of the measuring planes of the respective workpiece region, in particular cranked journal, on which a measured, and based on the measured values can be generated.
  • FIG. 1 an arrangement is shown in a schematic representation, which shows the pendulum lifting of a stroke bearing pin 2 by means of a pendulum lifting a perform grinding wheel 5.
  • a grinding headstock 4 carries at its upper area with respect to the grinding wheel 5 a measuring device 1, which consists of a in abutment position on the measured to be measured crankpins 2 of the crankshaft 3 measuring arm corresponding to the solid lines in a retracted position, in which is not measured, in dashed lines is movable.
  • the grinding wheel 5 with its axis of rotation 13 can be controlled via a CNC-controlled X-axis controlled on the stroke bearing pin to be ground.
  • the rotational axis 13 of the grinding wheel is also referred to as C-axis and is also CNC-controlled.
  • the necessary for the realization of the movement in the X-axis direction elements and the workpiece headstock with its C-axis, which is not shown here separately, are constructed in a conventional manner on a machine bed, also not shown.
  • the grinding takes place in the interpolating grinding process via respective adjustments of the CNC-controlled X and C axes.
  • FIG. 1 shown einschwenkbare measuring system 1 is arranged with its drive on the wheel spindle 4 and has an articulated arm, at the front end of a measuring head 7 is arranged.
  • the articulated arm of the measuring device 1 of the measuring head 7 can be adjusted to the outer contour of the illustrated pin bearing pin 2 for measuring its dimensions.
  • the crankshaft 3 also rotates around its center 6, and the pendulum lifting grinding wheel 5 follows the eccentric movement of the crankpin 2 and remains in constant grinding engagement with it throughout the grinding operation.
  • the measuring device 1 shown abuts against the contact area 9 with the measuring sensor 7 and can thus measure the actual diameter of the stroke bearing journal 2 by means of the feeler element 15. If it is not desired to measure, as is the case, for example, when a new crankshaft is loaded into or unloaded from the grinder, the measuring device with its articulated arm and probe is in a retracted position, indicated by dashed lines in the figure.
  • the measuring device 1 is arranged stationarily on the wheelhead with respect to its X-axis, so that during a movement of the grinding wheel 5 with the wheelhead 4 along the X-direction, the measuring device 1 also mitausstoryt this movement.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the engagement of the grinding wheel 5 at the grinding wheel engagement region 8 shown on the to be grounded crankpin 2, whose longitudinal axis is denoted by 14.
  • the measuring device 1 is applied with its measuring head 7 and its measuring surfaces 11 arranged thereon on the abutment region 9 of the crank journal 2.
  • the measuring surfaces 11 form a prism, which applies to different diameter to be ground.
  • the actual measuring device is arranged, which is a linear measuring device and according to the diameter to be measured or the contour to be measured of the to be ground lifting bearing pin 2 in the direction of the double arrow shown is movable.
  • the delivery of the grinding wheel 5 to the stroke bearing journal 2 is shown by the indicated X-axis.
  • the prism-shaped measuring fork rests on the workpiece in a prism-shaped support by a predetermined bearing force with the two measuring surfaces 11 defined by support pins on the component to be measured, ie on its surface.
  • the support pins are made of carbide or diamond coated material.
  • the actual measuring device which is arranged between the two support pins approximately in the middle of the V-shaped prism, is a probe, by means of which the measurement of the bearing point is made.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the wheel spindle 4 during grinding of a crank pin 2 a crankshaft 3 shown.
  • the crankshaft 3 is indicated by two truncated main bearings, two crank webs and a crank bearing 2 arranged between the two crank webs.
  • the rotational movement of the crankshaft 3 is realized by the CNC-controlled C axis.
  • the grinding wheel 5 with a width B is engaged with the pin bearing pin 2 and is shown during its grinding.
  • the measuring device 1 is shown on the side of the stroke bearing journal 2 that is circumferentially offset from the engagement region 8 of the grinding wheel 5, which measuring device is set against the stroke bearing journal 2 with its measuring surfaces 11 for the purpose of measuring.
  • the measuring device 1 is mounted on the wheelhead 4 by means of a feed carriage and performs the same feed movements of the X-axis of the grinding wheel 5, which is mounted on a grinding spindle.
  • the measuring device 1 can be moved in the Z direction by means of a CNC-controlled separate ZM axis into a plurality of measuring planes on the stroke bearing journal 2 to be measured (indicated by the double arrow above the measuring device 1).
  • the movement of the measuring device 1 in the Z-axis direction is realized by the illustrated stand-alone CNC ZM axis.
  • the grinding wheel 5 is delivered via its X-axis, which is also CNC-controlled, to be driven to the crankpin 2.
  • the Z-axis of the wheelhead 4 may be located either below the X-axis, in which case preferably a cross slide design (not shown) is provided, or below the grinding table, in which case the grinding table with associated grinding table structures such as the workhead and tailstock (not shown) is moved.
  • the crankshaft 3 it is important that between the workpiece, i. the crankshaft 3, and the grinding wheel 5 is provided a relative movement in the direction of the Z-axis or ZM-axis.
  • measurements are made in different measuring planes with the measuring device 1, so that the component to be measured can be measured accurately in several planes along its axis and also the complete outer nominal contour 10 can be measured, which is the case in measuring devices and systems according to the prior art so far not the case.
  • FIG. 3 is thus apparent that the measuring device 1 axially parallel to the axis of rotation 13 of the grinding wheel 5 during grinding, ie during the grinding cycle can be automatically moved to any number of spaced measuring planes which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 14 of the pin bearing pin 2.
  • the direction for this movement is indicated by the designation "ZM".
  • the measuring device 1 Since the CNC-controlled ZM-axis is independent of the CNC-controlled Z-axis, the measuring device 1 in the direction of the ZM-axis, the measuring plane on the straight ground pin bearing pin 2 parallel to the axial direction of the grinding wheel 5 on the pin bearing pin 2 automatically during the Adjust grinding. It is thus possible with the measuring device 1 according to the invention, that carried out during grinding the measurements at the respective straight ground bearing, ie during the continuous grinding process, ie in an in-process measuring method, in terms of cylinder shape, taper, crown or concavity and the deliveries the grinding wheel 5 are also corrected by the grinding program during grinding.
  • FIG. 4 is shown in a partial sectional view of a rail guide of the measuring device 1 along its ZM axis.
  • the ZM axis is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • X is indicated that the X-axis takes place via the movement of the wheelhead 4, because the measuring device 1 is fixedly mounted on this wheel spindle 4, thus mitauslitet the movements of the wheelhead 4 along the X-axis.
  • the base plate of the measuring device 1 is mounted on a guide by means of guide rails 12 on the wheelhead 4.
  • a guide is shown, which consists of two guide rails 12 and is constructed in each case with backlash-biased ball or Rollenumlauf dichn.
  • a final drive by means of a ball screw is shown in a simplified representation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view through the measuring device 1 along the in FIG. 4
  • the cutting plane is located below an unmarked adjusting plate which receives the first pivot bearing of the pivoting arm of the measuring device 1.
  • FIG. 5 the two guide rails 12 are shown with the associated ball or Rollnumlauf dichn in plan view.
  • the ball or roller circulating shoes are firmly connected to the adjusting plate by a screw connection.
  • In the middle between the guide rails 12 of the adjusting drive is shown, which in this case is a drive via a ball screw, not shown, which is mounted separately and is driven via a coupling with a CNC-controlled servo motor.
  • Such a configuration of the displacement or movement of the measuring device 1 in its ZM-axis direction is stable and rigid enough, in conjunction with the CNC control, a highly accurate positioning of the measuring device 1 in any desired, depending on the surface shape of the ground journal tap planes arranged in a defined Automatically guarantee number during the grinding process.
  • FIG. 6 a crank journal 2 of a two cheeks indicated crankshaft 3, which is ground by means of a grinding wheel 5 with a width B.
  • the width B of the grinding wheel 5 is so large that the length L of the stroke bearing pin 2 to be ground can be ground in the way of plunge grinding.
  • the mutually parallel longitudinal axes 14 of the pin bearing journal 2 and the axis of rotation 13 of the grinding wheel 5 are shown.
  • the arrangement of three measuring planes of the measuring device, not shown, is shown schematically, wherein the average measuring plane between the two marked by the double arrow ZM outer Measuring levels, which limit the measuring range, is arranged.
  • the illustrated stroke bearing has on both sides of the actual stroke bearing journal 2 undercuts.
  • a plunge grinding for generating the outer nominal contour 10 of the pin bearing journal 2 can also be effected in the way of plunge grinding in such a case, if instead of the reliefs transition radii are provided on both sides of the plan.
  • FIG. 7 shows a partially illustrated stroke bearing with a crankpins 2 between two partially illustrated cheeks of a crankshaft 3.
  • the crankpins 2 with a crankpins L length is sanded by means of a grinding wheel 5 at the grinding wheel engagement area 8.
  • the width B of the grinding wheel 5 is less than the stroke bearing journal length L, so that the grinding wheel 5 along its rotation axis 13, which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the crank journal 2, by way of longitudinal grinding, the outer target contour 10 of the pin bearing pin 2 generates.
  • six different measurement planes running in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis 14 of the crankpin 2 are shown, two of which are identified by means of the double arrow indicated by the ZM.
  • the grinding wheel 5 is thereby by longitudinal grinding from its left position, in FIG. 7 is shown, moved to its maximum right position, in which the grinding wheel 5 is shown in dashed lines.
  • a width B of the grinding wheel 5 as drawn it is also possible, with a width B of the grinding wheel 5 as drawn, to produce the outer nominal contour 10 of the pin bearing journal 2 by two recess grinding operations, instead of the described longitudinal grinding. If sanding is carried out with at least two recess grinding operations, the bearing point must be ground by two or more puncture prongs, one after the other and next to each other.
  • the different measuring levels can be arranged over the entire width of the stroke bearing and steplessly approached. The number of measurement planes in which a measuring operation is carried out during grinding depends on the accuracy of the external target shape 10 to be achieved as well as on the shape thereof.
  • FIG. 8 is a lift bearing with a crankpin 2 between two partially illustrated cheeks of a crankshaft 3 shown, which has a Hubzapfenenberg L.
  • the dashed lines are intended to illustrate what is to be understood by taper of a journal in the context of this application.
  • the taper on the crankpins 2 is ground by a specially profiled or obliquely arranged grinding wheel, wherein, depending on the width of the grinding wheel or length of the journal bearing by means of plunge grinding or longitudinal grinding or Doppeleinstechschleifens the outer contour of the journal can be generated.
  • the shape of a crank pin 2 may also be spherical or concave. This is in FIG. 9 shown, wherein the solid lines represent the spherical shape of the crank pin 2 and the dashed form represents a concave shape.
  • the stroke bearing journal 2 has in its transitions to the cheeks of the crankshaft 3 undercuts.

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé pour mesurer et produire un contour extérieur de consigne (10) d'au moins une région d'une pièce, en particulier d'un vilebrequin (3), en ce qui concerne les dimensions et la forme, par rectification longitudinale ou par rectification en plongée au moyen d'un disque abrasif (5) présentant un axe de rotation sur un centre de rectification à commande CNC pour son axe X orienté perpendiculairement à l'extension longitudinale d'une région de pièce à rectifier, dans lequel
    a) on mesure un contour effectif sur la pièce;
    b) on détecte des valeurs de mesure des dimensions et de la forme dans au moins deux plans de mesure espacés l'un de l'autre, s'étendant transversalement à l'extension longitudinale de la région de pièce respective et se trouvant dans la région d'action du disque abrasif, au moyen d'un dispositif de mesure (1) pendant la rectification;
    c) on produit les plans de mesure pendant la rectification par un déplacement relatif entre la région de pièce et le dispositif de mesure (1) dans la direction d'un axe Z formée le long de l'axe de rotation dans la direction longitudinale de la région de pièce à rectifier par rapport au mouvement du disque abrasif (5) dans la direction de l'axe Z;
    d) on transmet les valeurs de mesure à la commande CNC; et
    e) on commande la commande CNC de telle manière que des écarts éventuellement présents par rapport au contour de consigne soient corrigés et que le contour de consigne de la région de pièce respective (2) soit rectifié de manière adaptative sur la base des valeurs de mesure détectées pour les plans de mesure respectifs d'une région de pièce.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel on mesure les régions de pièce (2) concernant leur circularité, leur cylindricité, leur conicité, leur bombement et/ou leur concavité le long de la distance d'au moins deux plans de mesure espacés sur la région de pièce (2), dans lequel on règle en continu les plans de mesure.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel on immobilise la pièce en ce qui concerne son axe longitudinal (6) et on déplace le dispositif de mesure (1) dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (6) dans le plan de mesure respectif.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel on agence le dispositif de mesure (1) sur la tête porte-meule (4) et on le déplace par rapport à celle-ci dans la direction de l'axe Z pour mesurer dans différents plans de mesure.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel on effectue le déplacement du dispositif de mesure (1) au moyen d'un entraînement électrique, que l'on commande de façon librement programmable.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel on déplace le dispositif de mesure (1) dans la direction Z de façon hydraulique ou pneumatique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel on mesure pendant la rectification, en particulier pendant la rectification de finition.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel on mesure lorsque l'avance du disque abrasif est interrompue et le disque abrasif (5) reste dans une position d'arrêt pendant la mesure, jusqu'à ce que la mesure soit effectuée.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel on détecte les valeurs de mesure après la rectification finale, on analyse le contour mesuré de la pièce et lors de la rectification de la pièce suivante on apporte une correction éventuellement nécessaire au contour au moyen de la commande CNC du disque abrasif (5).
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel on produit la forme de consigne de la région de pièce à rectifier en faisant pivoter le disque abrasif (5) dans un plan horizontal autour d'un axe à commande CNC, dans lequel le plan est situé horizontalement à l'axe central de la pièce.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel on rectifie la forme de consigne de la région de pièce par un programme de rectification introduit dans la commande CNC.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel on produit la forme de consigne de la région de pièce à rectifier au moyen du disque abrasif (5) préalablement dressé à la forme de consigne au moyen d'une meule de dressage et on meule la région de pièce de façon corrigée par un nouveau dressage du disque abrasif.
  13. Rectifieuse pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, avec un dispositif de mesure (1) destiné à mesurer les dimensions et la forme comme la circularité de régions de pièce (2) d'une région d'une pièce tournant autour d'un centre, en particulier d'un vilebrequin (3), avec un axe central longitudinal, présentant:
    a) un disque abrasif (5) monté dans une tête porte-meule (4), qui lors de la rectification meule avec un mouvement d'avance simultané dans la direction d'un axe X orienté perpendiculairement à l'extension longitudinale d'une région de pièce à rectifier,
    b) dans lequel le dispositif de mesure (1) est agencé sur la tête porte-meule (4) et est configuré de telle manière qu'un détecteur de mesure (7) puisse se déplacer dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal de la pièce de façon pivotante sur une région d'appui (9) sur la région de pièce (2) située dans une région d'action du disque abrasif (8) pour s'appliquer sur celle-ci dans des plans de mesure librement programmables, disposés transversalement à l'axe longitudinal (10) de la région de pièce (2) pendant la rectification,
    dans lequel les plans de mesure sont produits pendant la rectification par un déplacement relatif entre la région de pièce et le dispositif de mesure (1) dans la direction d'un axe Z formée le long de l'axe de rotation dans la direction longitudinale de la région de pièce à rectifier par rapport au mouvement du disque abrasif (5) dans la direction de l'axe Z.
  14. Rectifieuse selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle le détecteur de mesure (7) présente deux faces de mesure (11) disposées à la manière d'un prisme, qui touchent lors de la mesure respectivement la région de pièce (2) sur la région d'appui (9).
  15. Rectifieuse selon la revendication 13 ou 14, dans laquelle le dispositif de mesure est déplaçable de façon hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique.
  16. Rectifieuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, dans laquelle le dispositif de mesure (1) est déplaçable par commande CNC sur le porte-meule (4).
  17. Rectifieuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16, dans laquelle le disque abrasif (5) présente une largeur correspondant à la longueur de la région de pièce (2).
  18. Rectifieuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16, dans laquelle le disque abrasif (5) présente une largeur (B), qui est plus petite que la longueur axiale (L) de la région de pièce (2) et qui exécute une rectification longitudinale le long de son axe de rotation (13) sur la direction longitudinale axiale de l'axe longitudinal de la pièce.
  19. Rectifieuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 18, dans laquelle le dispositif de mesure (1) mesure les dimensions de la région de pièce respective, en particulier du maneton, dans un tel nombre de plans de mesure de celle-ci qu'une forme conique, bombée ou concave puisse être déterminée et produite sur la base des valeurs de mesure.
EP14820837.4A 2013-12-19 2014-12-18 Procédé et rectifieuse pour mesurer et produire un contour extérieur d'une pièce par rectification Active EP3083137B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013226733.9A DE102013226733B4 (de) 2013-12-19 2013-12-19 VERFAHREN UND SCHLEIFMASCHINE ZUM MESSEN UND ERZEUGEN EINER AUßENSOLLKONTUR EINES WERKSTÜCKES DURCH SCHLEIFEN
PCT/EP2014/078469 WO2015091800A2 (fr) 2013-12-19 2014-12-18 Procédé et rectifieuse pour mesurer et réaliser un contour de consigne extérieur d'une pièce par rectification

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EP3083137A2 EP3083137A2 (fr) 2016-10-26
EP3083137B1 true EP3083137B1 (fr) 2017-10-25

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JP (1) JP6333391B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102265597B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105873725B (fr)
BR (1) BR112016011005B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013226733B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2655522T3 (fr)
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WO (1) WO2015091800A2 (fr)

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CN117464500B (zh) * 2023-12-27 2024-03-08 苏州铁近机电科技股份有限公司 一种轴承内圈磨床及其装配方法及装配用定位组件

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Publication number Publication date
RU2016129362A (ru) 2018-01-24
DE102013226733B4 (de) 2021-12-23
WO2015091800A3 (fr) 2015-08-13
CN105873725A (zh) 2016-08-17
DE102013226733A1 (de) 2015-06-25
US20160311077A1 (en) 2016-10-27
JP2017501895A (ja) 2017-01-19
WO2015091800A2 (fr) 2015-06-25
US11260501B2 (en) 2022-03-01
KR20160100985A (ko) 2016-08-24
CN105873725B (zh) 2019-01-15
RU2678349C1 (ru) 2019-01-28
KR102265597B1 (ko) 2021-06-18
JP6333391B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
ES2655522T3 (es) 2018-02-20
BR112016011005B1 (pt) 2021-08-10
EP3083137A2 (fr) 2016-10-26
BR112016011005A2 (pt) 2017-08-08

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