EP3064275A1 - Device for fine comminution of semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials (7) finely comminuting devices (1) with at least one conveying device for the raw materials (7) and at least one downstream comminuting device with a perforated disc (2) after at least one rotating knife (3 ). A hole edge of at least one hole of the perforated disc (2) and the cutting edge of the blade (3) are identical to each other and / or one or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cutting edge of the blade (3) are in the cutting direction at an angle equal to / greater than 80 ° and less than or equal to 100 ° to each other. Thus the raw materials are finely crushed. Thus, a continuous cutting system for semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials is realized, which operates on the principle of rotating shear cut.

Description

The invention relates to semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials finely comminuting devices with at least one conveyor for the raw materials and at least one downstream comminuting the raw materials device with a perforated disc after at least one rotating knife.

The mincing of meat or other biological materials, which from a purely procedural point of view represents a rotary shear cut between fixed perforated disc and rotating knife, is to be characterized on the one hand as ingenious, on the other hand as very problematic active principle. Ingenious because it manages to shred large quantities of product evenly and continuously. The problem with the Wolfen compared to the knife cut is the naturally higher compression of the product and the friction occurring in the cutting set during comminution.

A particular challenge, especially in the case of high throughput rates and large machines, is often the bending of the perforated disks. This problem is solved, for example, by the fact that pre-cutters and perforated disks are offered in a so-called strong design, ie with greater thickness. In addition to reducing the deflection, the wear is significantly reduced or remaining wear is more uniform.

Through the publication EP 2 338 602 A2 is a Vorschneider- or perforated disc for multi-part cutting sets known. An attempt is made to increase the performance of wolf machines by cutting edges located in the bores in the direction of flow. The problem here is the not inconsiderable manufacturing costs for these discs and the risk of breakage of longitudinally integrated cutting edges. This also increases the risk of product contamination with metal particles.

One way to increase the cutting performance of wolf machines is to use ring knives with hanging blades. Such a solution is by the document EP 0 931 592 A1 Perforated disc-knife combination for cutting sets of meat grinders. Thus, although the cutting edge length of the knife is increased overall, but not the counter-blade in the holes.

In the publication EP 1 652 584 A1 are described a perforated disc for cutting sets of crushing devices and a cutting set with such. In this case, the entire cutting edge length of all holes is increased by the fact that as many holes as possible can be introduced by a special arrangement of the holes on the perforated disc. However, the length of the knife edges and the cutting angle are ignored.

The publication FR 1 306 039 A includes a chopping machine, the perforations in lattice wafers cooperating with rotating knives being in the form of openings of elongate profile, which are obliquely oriented from the center of the pane toward the periphery of the pane in the direction of the knife movement.

Through the publication CH 145 137 A a Fleischschnetzelmaschine is known, wherein at the outlet side of a perforated disc, a knife is rotatably arranged. The meat product conveyed through the perforated disc is cut into pieces with the knife. The holes in the perforated disc may be formed angular or circular arc-shaped. Here, a piece-shaped Schnetzelgut is achieved, which not only facilitates cooking, but is softer when eating.

The publication DE 102 48 185 A1 discloses a butcher machine, wherein in the housing in the region of a worm cylinder, a sealing screw is arranged. Thus, the conveyed material leaves only through the screw cylinder of the screw conveyor such a trained pump. This achieves a continuous material flow.

Through the publication DE 633 752 A is a meat grinder perforated disc known, the holes cooperate scissor-like with at least one rotating cross knife and have an oblique wall on the working side. The material to be cut rubs on the cutting edge during cutting.

The publication DD 277 399 A1 shows a perforated disc for cutting sets of a meat grinder. The perforated disc has a certain area ratio of drilled to undrilled surface. The openings are circles or designed in such a way that a pulling cut is present during the comminution process.

The publication US 3 298 411 A includes a shredding device with perforated discs with differently designed holes. The latter are in particular Circles or triangles. In conjunction with rectilinear knives rubs the material to be shredded when cutting at the hole edges.

The specified in claim 1 invention has for its object to reduce the occurring during the grinding of semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials occurring compression and the friction occurring during crushing.

This object is achieved with the features listed in claim 1.

The semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials finely comminuting facilities with at least one conveyor for the raw materials and at least one downstream comminuting the raw materials device with a perforated disc after at least one rotating blade, are characterized in particular by the fact that occurs during grinding of the raw materials compression and the friction occurring during comminution is reduced and / or controlled.

For this purpose, a hole edge of at least one hole of the perforated disc and the cutting edge of the knife are designed to be identical to each other and / or one or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cutting edge of the knife in the cutting direction at an angle equal to / greater than 80 ° and less than or equal to 100 ° to each other. Thus the raw materials are finely crushed.

Thus, a continuous cutting system for semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials is realized, which operates on the principle of rotating shear cut. The raw materials are, for example, foods such as meat, fish or vegetables, either raw or cooked. The device is thus suitable for machines that work on the principle of meat grinder. The finely comminuting device consists of at least one combination of rotating knife and fixed perforated disc.

In known machines, which operate on the principle of the meat grinder, knives and perforated discs are arranged with circular openings in succession. The respective knife rotates over the corresponding perforated disc. The product, which has partially penetrated into the openings of the perforated disc by lateral thrust pressure and thus fixed, is sheared off between fixed bore edge and rotating knife. For circular openings of the perforated disc, there is only one point at which Drill edge and knife edge are perpendicular to each other.

For every cutting process, the associated energy consumption and the expected cutting quality, the angle of incidence of the cutting edge on the raw material is of decisive importance. The lowest energy consumption and the best cutting quality is achieved with a vertical appearance of the respective cutting edge on the product, since less friction and thus less product crushing occur.
The intensity and efficiency of a cutting process depends, among other things, on the cutting edge length.

It has been found that two types of cutting processes take place in a wolf machine. On the one hand, a cutting of the raw material takes place in the conveying direction of the raw material exclusively through the edges of the holes in the perforated disks and thus also a fixing of the raw material suppositories formed in the holes of the perforated disk. The longer the cutting contour of a hole, the more intense the incision or the greater the penetration depth of the suppositories and thus the throughput. In the second cutting process, namely the cutting of the raw material suppositories located in the holes by the rotating blade, the same premises apply. The longer the cutting edge, the more raw material can be cut.

Circular openings in the perforated discs thus have two very significant disadvantages. With constant area, a circle describes a surface with the smallest circumference compared to other shapes. Thus, in the present application, the cutting edge length in conventional perforated discs of wolf machines is a minimum. On the other hand, the angle of incidence between raw material and tools in the form of knife and hole edge is only right-angled at one point. This increases the energy consumption and the cutting quality decreases.

The device is characterized in particular by the fact that instead of circular openings / bores in perforated disks for wolf machines openings are introduced with a different cross-sectional shape. The holes and the cutting edge of the knife are identical to each other. This concerns in particular the hole edge to which an area of the cutting edge of the knife is moved during the cut. This hole edge is thus arranged corresponding to the region of the cutting edge. Thus, areas of the cutting edge of the knife and hole edge are formed so that during rotation of the Messers above the perforated disc each have at least two points of the cutting edges of the edge of the hole and rotating blade parallel to each other in the direction of force.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the patent claims 2 to 10.

The perforated disc has according to the embodiment of claim 2 in hole circles or spirally arranged slots, which are further in the hole circles or the spiral equidistantly adjacent or offset from each other. For long holes, the cutting edge is extended, so that thus increases the cutting intensity. With decreasing energy consumption, the throughput is increased and the cut quality is improved. The latter is particularly important for the production of minced meat for fresh marketing or raw sausage production. Lower cell crushing and destruction improves the shelf life and hygiene of the product.

The slots are thus arranged radially from the center or in a staggered arrangement is not radially in the perforated disc. In a staggered arrangement one-sided loads of drive as motor and tools are avoided as hole edges and cutting edge.

The elongated holes are according to the embodiment of claim 3 in cross-section kidney-shaped slots, which are arranged facing outward in the longitudinal direction. In outwardly facing such slots results in an arcuate cutting edge. In conjunction with a knife with an arcuate cutting edge, the cutting edge of the knife and a hole edge of the elongated hole are arranged correspondingly extending to each other during shearing. During the rotation of the knife above the perforated disc, at least two points of the cutting edges of the slot and the rotating blade are parallel to each other in the direction of the force. The cutting edge of the holes is extended and thus increases the cutting intensity.

The slots are according to the embodiment of claim 4 rectilinear elongated holes, which are arranged pointing radially outward.

One or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cutting edge of the knife are arranged according to the embodiment of claim 5 in the cutting direction at an angle equal to / greater than 85 ° and less than / equal to 95 ° to each other. Is particularly advantageous an angle close to or equal to 90 °, so that no and / or minimal friction when crushing the semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw material is present.

The knife has according to the embodiment of claim 6, a straight or arcuate cutting edge. In particular, in conjunction with a perforated disc with a cross-sectional kidney-shaped elongated holes an identical design is given.

Conveniently, the knife according to the embodiment of claim 7, a plurality of cutter bar, so that an increased cutting performance is given.

The cutter bar and the cutting edges of the cutter bar are formed according to the embodiment of claim 8 rectilinear or arcuate. Matched hole edges are easy to implement, which is given for example by the cross-sectional kidney-shaped slots. In addition, the cutter bar and the cutting edges of the cutter bar can be formed so that the cutter bar and Lochscheibenkanten are at a defined angle to each other. Thus, the entry of friction can be controlled.

According to the embodiment of claim 9, the at least one screw conveyor having or realized as a pump conveyor and the knife are coupled to a drive or each to a drive. Furthermore, the knife is in a hollow cylinder-shaped cavity of a housing.

In the transport direction of the raw materials according to the embodiment of claim 10 after the backflow preventing conveyor the raw materials crushing and / or emulsifying devices are each arranged with a perforated disc after at least one rotating knife. The knives of the devices are further coupled to a drive or each to a drive and the conveyor to another drive, wherein the transport of raw materials takes place both through and between the devices only by the resulting from the conveyor or conveyors feed of raw materials.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in principle in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig.1 1

eine halbfeste, plastische und plastoelastische biologische Rohstoffe fein zerkleinernde und/oder emulgierende Einrichtung,

Fig. 2

eine bekannte die Rohstoffe zerkleinernde und/oder emulgierende Vorrichtung mit einer Lochscheibe nach wenigstens einem rotierenden Messer,

Fig. 3

eine Lochscheibe mit sowohl radial nach außen verlaufenden als auch versetzt zueinander angeordneten Langlöchern und

Fig. 4

eine Vorrichtung mit sowohl im Querschnitt nierenförmigen und nach außen weisenden Langlöchern als auch einem Messer mit bogenförmig verlaufenden Messerbalken.

Show it:

Fig.1 1

a semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials finely comminuting and / or emulsifying device,

Fig. 2

a known device comminuting and / or emulsifying the raw materials with a perforated disk after at least one rotating knife,

Fig. 3

a perforated disc with both radially outwardly extending and staggered slots and

Fig. 4

a device with both in cross-section kidney-shaped and outwardly facing slots and a knife with arcuate knife bar.

A semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials finely comminuting and / or emulsifying device 1 consists essentially of at least one conveying device for the raw materials 7 and at least one downstream comminuting and / or emulsifying device 7 having a perforated disc 2 according to at least one rotating knife 3 ,

The Fig. 1 shows a semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials finely comminuting and / or emulsifying device 1 in a schematic representation.

The conveyor comprises at least one screw conveyor 4. This and the knife 3 are coupled to a drive 5 or each to a drive. The drive 5 is for this purpose a known electric motor. The knife 3 is located in a hollow cylinder-shaped cavity in the form of a pipe section 6, in which the screw conveyor 4 ends. About the screw conveyor 4 is a free space for the raw materials to be processed 7, which are thus transported by means of the screw conveyor 4 in the pipe section 6 and further to and through the raw materials 7 crushing and / or emulsifying device. This is done exclusively by the resulting feed screw 7 of the raw materials 7 itself. With such an arrangement, a return flow of raw materials 7 is prevented. Instead of the screw conveyor 4 can also be used coupled to a drive twin screw or a pump.

The Fig. 2 shows a known the raw materials 7 crushing and / or emulsifying device with a perforated disc 2 after at least one rotating blade 3 in a schematic representation.

A known device has a perforated disc 2 with circular holes 8 for a knife 3 with rectilinear cutter bar 9.

The Fig. 3 shows a perforated disc with both radially outwardly extending and staggered slots arranged in a schematic representation.

In contrast, in the device, a hole edge of at least one hole of the perforated disc 2 and the cutting edge of the blade 3 to each other and / or one or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cutting edge of the blade 3 in the cutting direction at an angle equal to / greater than 80 ° and less than or equal to 100 ° to each other, so that the raw materials 7 finely comminuted and / or emulsified.

The perforated disk 2 has elongated holes arranged in hole circles 11, which are arranged equidistantly or offset from one another in the hole circles 11. The elongated holes are rectilinear elongated holes 10, which are arranged pointing radially outward. The Fig. 3 shows only a few such slots 10 of the perforated disc 2 as an example.

The Fig. 4 shows a device with both in cross-section kidney-shaped and outwardly facing slots 12 and a knife 3 with arcuately extending cutter bar 13 in a schematic representation.

The elongated holes are in a further embodiment in cross-section kidney-shaped slots 12 which are arranged facing outward in the longitudinal direction. The knife 3 has a plurality of cutter bars 13, which are formed and their cutting edges arcuate. The cutting edges consisting of edges of the oblong holes 12 in cross-section and the arcuately extending cutter bars 13 are substantially identical in shape and are arranged corresponding to one another during the cut. The raw materials to be sheared 7 are in the direction of force perpendicular to the cutting edges as slot edge and knife edge.

In further embodiments, the holes of the perforated disc may be circular section, triangular or trapezoidal in cross section.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

finely comminuting and / or emulsifying device

2

perforated disc

3

knife

4

Auger

5

drive

6

pipe section

7

raw material

8th

circular hole

9

rectilinear cutter bar

10

straight long hole

11

PCD

12

kidney-shaped hole

13

curved knife bar

Claims (10)

Semi-solid, plastic and plastoelastic biological raw materials (7) finely comminuting device (1) with at least one conveying device for the raw materials (7) and at least one downstream device (7) comminuting the raw materials (7) with a perforated disc (2) according to at least one rotating knife (3 ), characterized in that a hole edge of at least one hole of the perforated disc (2) and the cutting edge of the knife to each other and / or that one or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cutting edge of the knife in the cutting direction at an angle equal to / greater than 80 ° and are less than or equal to 100 ° to each other, so that the raw materials (7) are finely crushed. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated disc (2) in hole circles (11) or spirally arranged slots and that the slots in the hole circles (11) or the spiral adjacent or offset from each other. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elongated holes in cross-section kidney-shaped slots (12) and that the kidney-shaped in cross-section elongated holes (12) are arranged facing outward in the longitudinal direction. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the oblong holes are rectilinear elongated holes (10) and that these elongated holes (10) are arranged pointing radially outward. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that one or the hole edge of at least one hole and the cut edge of the knife are arranged in the cutting direction at an angle greater than or equal to 85 ° and less than / equal to 95 ° to each other. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife (3) has a rectilinear or arcuate cutting edge. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife (3) has a plurality of cutter bars. Device according to claims 1, 6 and 7, characterized in that the cutter bar (13) and the cut edges of the cutter bar (13) are rectilinear or arcuate. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one screw conveyor (4) or realized as a pump conveyor and the knife (3) are coupled to a drive (5) or each to a drive and that the knife (3) in a hollow cylindrical cavity of a housing is located. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the transport direction of the raw materials (7) after the backflow preventing conveyor the raw materials (7) crushing and / or emulsifying devices are each arranged with a perforated disc (2) after at least one rotating blade (3) in that the knives (3) of the devices are coupled to a drive or each to a drive and the conveyor to another drive, wherein the transport of the raw materials (7) both through and between the devices only by the from the conveyor or the Feeders resulting feed of raw materials (7) takes place.

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