EP0813908B1 - Cutting and/or bearing system for food screw miner - Google Patents

Abstract

The cutting and bearing system has driven supply (1) and working (2) screw conveyors, fitted one behind the other on different axes. The supply conveyors are parallel to each other and rotate in opposite directions. There is a transition region (11) between the supply and working conveyors. All the conveyors are in the same plane. The cutting system is in the transition region. It consists of a double pre-cutting device (3) with knives (17) and perforated discs (30). It is locked in place by the filling and closing piece (5), which has a quick closing device (8).

Description

The invention relates to cutting and / or storage systems for food grinding machines, that work on the wolf principle and with several screw systems can be equipped, according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the known meat grinders of this type, the feed and working screws are in stored at different levels and at the transition points from feed screw to Working screw, it is already known to construct the screw body in a particularly constructive manner design and implement to ensure a qualitative transition or handover of the raw material to reach from the feed screw to the working screw.

This is how the DD 289 220 A5 describes a feed screw in meat grinders in the intake area of the raw material to be wolfed has a conveying pulse piece, which consists of a ¼ to ½ worm gear exists, is single or multiple and its pitch is up to 20% compared to the screw flight height of the feed screw.

These meat grinders have the disadvantage that directly in the area of the transition from Feed screw to the working screw, the transfer of the wolf material from the large feed screw to the smaller working screw, i.e. from the slow-moving feeder to the fast one running worm, no defined pressure build-up can be achieved in the material to be processed can, which negatively affects the quality of the wolf material and the energy consumption of the wolf process affects.

This disadvantage is eliminated by DE 44 31 959 C1 in that immediately in Transfer area of feed and work screw, in the tub or in the hopper, a variable, removable and adjustable pressure chamber is provided, which the according to specific operating conditions in its execution, design and Arrangement is designed to be changeable.

This is realized in the form that built-in elements in the hopper above the Feeder screws are arranged, which thus form a pressure chamber.

With this solution it is ensured that a necessary pressure is built up in the immediate transfer area from the feed screw to the feed screw or work screw, which has a positive effect on the immediate transfer process.
However, the large-scale transfer of raw materials to the working screw is disadvantageous. This takes up the large-volume parts and must tear them apart at the point of entry into the pressure pipe. In other words, the good handover of raw materials creates material accumulations in the handover space that are larger than the screw thread volume, which leads to quality reductions.
The basic principle that a feed screw is assigned a work screw and this is followed by a cutting set, determines the structure and the mode of operation of the shredding machines described above, which indeed build up pressure directly in the transfer area from feeder to work screw, but this pressure build-up does not affect the subsequent shredding process .

A further disadvantage of the meat mincers of this type is that a high level of design and production expenditure has to be made for the storage of the feeder screws in order to ensure the functionality of such meat mincers.
Even the execution of the storage of the feeder screws in the form of overhung shafts / screws does not reduce the expenditure for their production, nor does it reduce the assembly and disassembly times. A large distance from the funnel wall or in the transfer point is the efficiency by 30 to 50%.

The object of the present invention is to provide cutting and storage systems for food-cutting machines and to develop for machines that work on the wolf principle, especially for meat grinders with several screw systems, with one pressure-promoting and at the same time crushing transfer of the wolf material from the Feeder screws are carried out on the downstream work screw, likewise the Wear of the individual components is reduced, the service life of the machine is increased, energy saved and good raw material transfer conditions can be achieved at the transfer areas.

According to the invention the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

The solution according to the invention is characterized in that between the feeder screws and the work screw is arranged a double-cutting system, which the Pre-shredded raw material that is fed by the parallel feed screws in pre-shredded form to the downstream work screw, the raw material return flow prevented and completes the shredding and conveying process.

The double cutting system is braced by a position-secured filler clamping forces introduced from the outside.

The double cutting system consists of two pre-cutters arranged next to each other, each of which is assigned an upstream knife. The two pre-cutters provided next to each other are designed as one element, a so-called double pre-cutter, which is provided directly at the outlet of the feeder screws and which is preceded by a knife, the respective knife being positioned at a specific angle to the last screw flight of the respective feeder screw.
The single-stage double pre-cutter has center bores for receiving the bearing pins of the feed screws, to which bearing bushes are assigned and has corresponding webs between which the through openings for the raw material lie, which have an opening dimension that is equal to that of the opening widths of the screw flights of the feed screws and in the transfer area corresponds to the working screw.

The immediate arrangement of the double pre-cutter is designed so that this on the The screw of the feed screw is attached, stored in the pressure housing on the circumference and is clamped by means of a filler and closure piece.

It is also inventive that the double-cutting system for the cutting set parts already described s the pre-cutter and the assigned knife, with additional cutting set parts can be equipped. This in such a way that the knife a perforated disc and in a row then another knife and another perforated disc can be assigned. Hence the possibility the use of single and multiple cutting sets is given.

The knives are driven by the respective knife pins in the feed screws are positively mounted.

The bearing arrangement of the feed screw to the arranged working screw is so designed that the axes of these screws are in one plane and the storage of the Double pre-cutter is designed in such a way that the filling and closing part is the respective one The worm is overdipped and braced with a counterpart, which is immediately presses against the double pre-cutter.

The filling and closure piece is clamped via a bracket, which is a Has quick-release device and thus directly the central axis positioning of the respective working screw to the feeder screws as well as to the intended one Double pre-cutter and other cutting parts secure.

The knives upstream of the double pre-cutter are at a certain angle arranged offset to each other on the screw pin and thus ensure an unhindered Circulating and cutting the knives. The knife is taken over the last one The worm gear of the feeder screw, due to the positive locking between the knife body and the milled section in the last worm gear or from knife journals that fit in the center holes the feeder screws are stored.

A distancing and wear-reducing circulation of the knives to the double pre-cutter is secured by the fact that the knives are circumferentially on their cutter bars Have segment-like support elements with pin-like plastic bolts are equipped, which act as sliding aids.

These plastic bolts are adapted to the width of the knife and guarantee a low-wear rotating rotation of the knives to the double pre-cutter. The knives themselves become the last worm threads of the feeder worms arranged at an angle of preferably 30 to 50 ° offset on the bearing journal and run around each other like a gear.

Due to the design of the assignment of the double cutter to the feeder screws and to the trailing worm and the arrangement of the knives in This system ensures that there is an interaction between the double pre-cutter, the assigned knives, the other cutting set parts used and the Working screw is secured.

The knives are spring-loaded or non-positively via the filler and closure piece. The double pre-cutter with its bushings is used by the filling and Closure piece worn form-fitting and over the bearing journal in the respective Feeder screw with a spring installed, centered.

The trunnions themselves are arranged in the center of the respective knife body, a collar or Larger diameter of the respective journal can thus be pressed together Coil springs against the positive in the last screw flight of the feeder screws housed knife body a shear stress between the double pre-cutter, the Knife body and possibly other parts, such as perforated disks and other knives, produce.

The second form of generating the cutting tension is that the knives are provided between two perforated disks and through the filler and closure piece be stretched over external forces. The rotary movement is caused by the form-fitting knife body and knife pin generated via the feed screws. The tension between these parts is achieved in that the filler and closure piece All cutting set parts, including the double pre-cutter, also as a double cutting insert to be pressed completely until it stops and the springs behind the bearing pins tense. The cutting set parts are pressed against the double pre-cutters and the functionality of this cutting system.

Appropriate grooves in the last worm gear of the feeder screw transfer the rotating movements of the feeder screws to the knives by positive locking and thus produce a knife rotation to the fixed double pre-cutter, as a result of which the wolf material fed in is comminuted in portions.
A pressure chamber provided directly at the end of the feeder screw, in the area of the working screw, also supports the feeding of the wolf material into the double pre-cutter and provides the corresponding support on the circumference of the material to be wolfed.

The feed screws arranged on one level and the working screw arranged thereon ensure that the pre-shredded portioned raw material is distributed uniformly over the entire length of the working screw, taken up by the respective screw flight chambers of the working screw, preferably 6 chambers, and in the pressure and cutting area of the working screw can be transported.
The high uniformity of the pre-shredded raw material ensures that it is guided evenly under the necessary pressure onto the cutting systems downstream of the working screw, which is ensured by low energy consumption, low wear and good quality of the shredded material.

Likewise, the built-in double-cutting system between feed screws and Working screw ensures that the raw material returns from the working screw area is prevented, which additionally increases the efficiency of the machine.

The invention will be explained in more detail with the following exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 1:

eine Gesamtansicht der Zuordnung von Zubringerschnecken zur Arbeitsschnecke in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 2:

die Lagerung einer Zubringerschnecke mit Zuordnung zur Arbeitsschnecke

Fig. 3:

eine Teilansicht nach Figur 2

Fig. 4:

den Doppelvorschneider

Fig. 5:

ein Messer mit dem eingesetzten Kunststoffbolzen

Fig. 6:

zwei zueinander gepaarte Messer

Fig. 7:

die Lagerung eines Messers im Lagerzapfen einer Zubringerschnecke

Fig. 8:

eine Schnittdarstellung des Doppelvorschneiders

Fig. 9:

die Anordnung mehrerer Schneidsatzteile im Übergabebereich

Fig. 10:

eine Ansicht auf zwei mit Schneidsatzteilen bestückte Zubringerschnecken

Fig. 11:

eine Doppellochscheibe.

The accompanying drawing shows in

Fig. 1:

an overall view of the assignment of feeder screws to the working screw in a schematic representation

Fig. 2:

the storage of a feed screw with assignment to the working screw

Fig. 3:

a partial view of Figure 2

Fig. 4:

the double pre-cutter

Fig. 5:

a knife with the inserted plastic bolt

Fig. 6:

two paired knives

Fig. 7:

the storage of a knife in the bearing journal of a feed screw

Fig. 8:

a sectional view of the double pre-cutter

Fig. 9:

the arrangement of several cutting set parts in the transfer area

Fig. 10:

a view of two feeder screws equipped with cutting set parts

Fig. 11:

a double perforated disc.

The storage and arrangement of the feeder screws 1 result from FIGS. 1 and 2 to the working screw 2, and it is shown at the same time that in the transfer area 11 of Feeding screws 1 to the working screw 2, a double pre-cutter 3 is arranged. The Feeder screws 1 are mounted parallel to each other, engage with their screw flights directly into the free spaces of the opposite feed screw 1 and transport the wolf material to the transfer area 11 by the counter-rotating movement. In addition to the pressure-promoting delivery of the wolf material to the transfer area 11, this receives Wolfgut an additional circumferential support through the pressure chamber 4, the through Appropriate installation elements in front of the transfer area or above the last worm gear the feed screw 1 is provided.

The double pre-cutter 3 is arranged immediately at the end of the feed screw 1, which receives the journals of the feeder screws 1 via its bearing bushes 26. The Support and storage of the double pre-cutter 3, as well as that of the double pre-cutter 3 upstream knife 17, takes place via the filler and closure pieces 5. It is clear from the illustrations that 11 a large-volume space between the feeder screws 1 and the working screw 2 is present, which covers the whole of the pre-shredded wolf material on the worm screw 2 passes and which of these then conveyed through the pressure housing to the end cutting set becomes.

The immediate arrangement and configuration of the storage of the feeder screws 1 will specifically shown in Figure 2, with individual details of the left storage of the feeder screws 1 and the drive are only shown schematically. It is clear from this figure that the material to be wolfed over the hopper 7 into one very large area is given to the feeder screws 1, the feeder screws 1 at the beginning, d. H. on the left, have worm threads that start with a larger increase than the worm threads on the outlet side, in the transfer area 11 to worm auger 1. This reduction in worm gear causes a certain pressure of the raw material, this has a positive effect on the required pressure build-up of the raw material, which is still positively supported and influenced by the pressure chamber 4 becomes.

Also in this illustration it is clear that the feeder screws 1 lie with their axes in the plane of the work screw 1, so that storage from the feeder screws 1 to the work screw 2 is secured in one plane, which is supported by the filler and closure piece 5 or is guaranteed in terms of storage.
This filling and closing piece 5 is clamped over a bracket 9 by means of a quick-release fastener 8 such that this filling and closing piece 5 reaches over the worm screw 2 and at the same time acts on the double pre-cutter 3 and braces it. In the respective bearing point 6, the feeder screws 1 are supported with their axle journals and are also stored and positioned via the filler and closure piece 5. This special design of the storage and the presence of the transfer space 11 ensure that both a quick disassembly and assembly of the worm 2, the double pre-cutter 3 and the knife 17 is made possible.

The design of this transfer area 11 is shown again in FIG. 3 by a detailed view according to FIG. 2, and the assignment and assignment of the individual parts can be seen directly from this figure, the transfer area 11 and also the working space 10 of the working screw 2 being shown here and immediately is made clear.
The double pre-cutter 3 is shown in its entirety in FIG. 4, and it can be seen that the double pre-cutter 3 is designed as a so-called cutting plate 13, which preferably has a rectangular surface shape from which the double pre-cutter 3 was produced. The double pre-cutter has 3 cutter bars / support bars 15; 27 with the machined cutting edges 12 and has the necessary through openings 16, which are designed in terms of size and area to the rotary valves of the feeder screws 1. The double pre-cutter 3 is advantageously designed with three cutter bars / support beams 15; 27, the support beams 27 directed towards one another being designed in an expanded form, that is to say having a larger area, and thus imparting the necessary support and stability to the cutting plate 13 within this area .
Furthermore, the support plate 13 has center bores 14 which are equipped with separate bearing bushes 26 in order not only to provide the feeder screws 1 with adequate support but also to give them good running properties in this area and also to provide a support effect for the knives 17 arranged in front of the double pre-cutter 3.

The knives 17 are specially designed, as can be seen from FIG. 5.
In the usual way, this knife 17 has knife bars 18 with associated cutting edges 28, these knife bars 18 being particularly configured in relation to the circumference, in that they result in a support ring 19 in the form of a segment. The cutter bars 18 run from the center to the outside in a convex manner and form a tapering tip with the outside diameter of the cutter 17.
The support ring 19 formed in this manner in segments has blind holes on its circumference and on this surface area, into which pin-like plastic bolts 20 are inserted.
The arrangement or installation of the knives 17 for the double pre-cutter 3 takes place in such a way that these plastic bolts 20 come to rest on the end face of the double pre-cutter 3 and, due to their material nature, ensure that the knives 17 on the double pre-cutter 3 are worn with little wear.
The direct assignment and manner of installation of two knives 17 is shown in FIG. 6, from which it becomes clear that the knives 17 are likewise arranged in one axis when in use, but are offset from one another by certain angles. As a result of the opposite direction of rotation of the knives 17 and the pressure-demanding transfer of the wolf material from the feeder screws 1 via the double pre-cutter 3 to the knives 17, it follows immediately that a knife 17 is mounted at an angle of ϑ 70 ° to the vertical and the second knife 17 under one An angle β of 40 ° to the vertical is arranged, with the central axes of the knife bolts 18 forming an inclusion angle a 25, which has a dimension of α ∼ 30 to 50 °, with this angular offset advantageously being 30 °.
The hatched area in the illustration of the left-hand knife 17 is designated by 24 and is intended at the same time to represent the rotary slide valve of the feed screw 1 arranged in front of it. The direct assignment of feeder screws 1 to the double pre-cutter 3 and the upstream knives 17, especially the assignment of the outlet part, the rotary valve 24 of the respective feeder screw 1, has already been mentioned above.

The direct arrangement and design of the storage area from the double pre-cutter 3 and the knife 17 with the respective feed screw 1, can be seen in FIG. 7 it is shown that a pressure piece 23 is used in the screw core 22 of the feed screw 1 is, which is resiliently mounted via corresponding tension springs 21. The immediate tension the double pre-cutter 3, the knife 17 with the respective feed screw 1 then takes place via the filling and closure piece 5 to be used, as in FIGS. 2 and 3 shown, a positive connection of the knives 17 to the feeder screws 1 is given via a groove 29.

FIG. 8 shows a cross section through the double cutter 3 in a sectional view it can be seen how the bearing bushes 26 are arranged in the double pre-cutter 3.

Regarding the procedure, it should also be stated that the loading of the comminution material via the hopper 7 onto the feeder screws 1 is a longitudinal distribution, which at the same time ensures a multi-chamber distribution, whereby there is a uniform load on the entire machine.
Due to the special design of the storage of the feeder screws 1 with the respectively assigned spring-mounted knife 17, the operative connection between the cutting plate 13, the double pre-cutter 3, is secured with the filler and closure piece 5. The knives 17 arranged at the above-mentioned angles follow the rotary slide valves 24 of the feeder screws 1 in the operating state and ensure quality cutting, which is also ensured by the resilient mounting on the bearing journal. When compressing the tension springs 21 against the form-fittingly arranged knives 17 in the last worm gear of the feeder screws 1, a tension is generated which acts as a shear force between the double pre-cutter 3 and the knives 17, which is achieved in that the filler and closure piece 5 the double pre-cutter 3 presses completely against the stop and the springs 21 tensioned behind the pressure piece 23, whereby the knives 17 are also pressed against the double pre-cutter 3. When the filling and closing piece 5 is in the end position, the knives 17 are completely received in the driving grooves 28 of the last screw flights of the feeder screws 1 and thus transmit the rotating movements of these two feeder screws 1 and cause the knife rotation to the stationary double pre-cutter 3.
By rotating the two feed screws 1 towards one another, the raw material is pressed in the center with the parallel rotary valves 24 into the through openings 16 of the double pre-cutter 3 and cut off by the associated knives 17. This results in relatively uniform raw material parts which can be easily taken up by the respective screw chambers of the working screw 1, in which the raw material is transported to the subsequent cutting set in order to be subjected to a final comminution there.

With the representations according to Figures 9 and 10 it is made clear that with the invention Cutting and / or storage system for feeder screws 1 created a solution was, food grinders, meat grinders and machines after the Wolf principle work, equip with simple and multi-part cutting sets and various Bring working levels into line. This is shown in particular in FIG. 9, in which in the transfer area the arrangement of a double pre-cutter 3, a knife 17 and one Perforated disk 30 are shown. The formation of a double perforated disk 30 is shown in FIG. 11 shown. Another major advantage of the new solution is that it can be combined with each other. This means that the solution allows training a cutting and storage system, but only training as a storage system.

Claims (10)

1. Cutting and/or storage systems for food comminution machines that operate with the mincing principle, particularly for automatic mincing machines with feed and work worms that are bedded in sequence and are driven in several axles, whereby the feed worms lie parallel to each other, running oppositely directed, characterised therein that
      between the feed worms (1) and an installed working worm (2), all on one level, a transfer range (11) is provided in which a cutting system, consisting of one double pre-cutter (3) with assigned blades (17) and perforated discs (30) is arranged which, tensioned over a filling and closing piece (5) overlapping the working worm (2) and a snap closure, is assigned to the filling and closing piece (5).
2. Cutting and/or storage systems according to Claim 1, characterised therein that
      The double pre-cutter (3) and the double-perforated disk (30) consist of a cutting plate (13) each and in this cutting plate (13) of the double pre-cutter (3), bedded on the same level, there is a pre-cutter, the double pre-cutter (3) and similarly developed blades and support beams (15,27); these blade beams (15) have cutting edges, the blade and support beams (15; 17) are provided at an angle of 120° in the cutting plate (13) and the two immediately opposite support beams (27) tapered to the outside edge.
3. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 and 2, characterised therein that
      the blades (17) having two or several blade beams (18) on the circumference of which there are prop rings (19) in the form of segments, the cutting surfaces of which are provided with pin-type plastic bolts (20) arranged in pocket drills which also function as slip aids.
4. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 3, characterised therein that
      the blades (17) are arranged on the bearing journals of the feed worms (1) and each at an angle to the vertical of ∂ = 70° and β = 40° and the blade axles (18) of which form an angel (25) when installed, the angle of which is α= 30 to 50° or 30°.
5. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 4, characterised therein that
      the pressure parts (23) bedded in tension springs (21), the double pre-cutter (3) and the prearranged blades (17) are arranged tensioned and flexibly in relation to the feed worms (1) in the worm cores (22) of the feed worms (1)
6. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 2, characterised therein that
      the snap closure (8) that is tensioned over a bracket (9) that overlaps the filling and closing piece (5) is provided between the filling and closing piece (5) of the working worm (2) in the working space (10).
7. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 6, characterised therein that
      one bearing bushing (26) each is assigned to the pre-cutter (3) in its centre bores (14).
8. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 7, characterised therein that
      the blades (17) are arranged at a direction angle of 70° or 40° to the pivot disks (24) of the feed worms (1); and that the flexibly bedded blades (17) with the double pre-cutter (3), the filling and closing piece (5) and the feed worms (1) are in effective connection.
9. Cutting and/or storage systems according to the claims 1 to 8, characterised therein that
      the blades (17) are arranged offset and similar to toothed wheels turn while catching in each other.
10. Cutting and/or storage systems according to claim 1, characterised therein that
       the cutting system is developed as a multi-part cutting set and whereby one or several perforated disks (30) and blades (17) are assigned to the double-cutter (3) and the blades (17).

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