EP3056636B1 - Tour d'éolienne et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Tour d'éolienne et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3056636B1
EP3056636B1 EP15000402.6A EP15000402A EP3056636B1 EP 3056636 B1 EP3056636 B1 EP 3056636B1 EP 15000402 A EP15000402 A EP 15000402A EP 3056636 B1 EP3056636 B1 EP 3056636B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
segment
tower according
connecting flange
segments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15000402.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3056636A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Dr. Bedö
Bernd Wiedmayer
Franz Hölzl
Fritz Kunz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zueblin Timber Aichach GmbH
Original Assignee
Zueblin Timber Aichach GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Zueblin Timber Aichach GmbH filed Critical Zueblin Timber Aichach GmbH
Priority to EP15000402.6A priority Critical patent/EP3056636B1/fr
Publication of EP3056636A1 publication Critical patent/EP3056636A1/fr
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Publication of EP3056636B1 publication Critical patent/EP3056636B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/04—Structures made of specified materials of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
    • E04H12/342—Arrangements for stacking tower sections on top of each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tower for a wind turbine of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its production.
  • a tower for a wind turbine which is constructed of annular segments of wood. The segments are flat on their front sides and placed on top of each other.
  • a tower for a wind turbine whose components are mounted in a helix.
  • the individual wall elements of the tower can be diamond-shaped and preassembled on an intermediate level or mounted individually.
  • the diamond-shaped wall elements touch each other in the circumferential direction at their tips.
  • WO 03/083236 A1 goes out a tower for a wind turbine, which has a metallic skeleton, which is clad on its outside of shells.
  • the shells may consist of fiberglass or metal sheets.
  • a tower for a wind turbine emerges, which consists of ring-shaped segments made of wood.
  • the wooden panels of a segment are connected to each other via tongue and groove joints.
  • Overlying wooden panels may have a step into which a screw for connecting the panels is screwed together.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tower for a wind turbine, which allows easy production and has a high stability. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a tower for a wind turbine.
  • This object is achieved with respect to the tower for a wind turbine by a tower with the features of claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by a method for producing a tower for a wind turbine with the features of claim 18.
  • the end face of one segment has at least one elevation and the end face of the other segment has at least one depression, and that the elevation engages in the depression.
  • the increase and the depression cause alignment of the segments to each other.
  • the second segment is guided at the elevation and the depression.
  • the increase and the depression also allow a good connection of the segments together, in particular via bonding with a defined gap width between the segments. Due to the toothing of the segments with each other via the at least one elevation and the at least one depression, the tensile forces transmitted via the connection can be increased with respect to a non-toothed joint, as arises between planar abutting edges of the segments, thereby prolonging the durability of the tower.
  • the impact area advantageously extends over a height of at least 5 cm.
  • the impact area preferably extends over a height of at least 10 cm, in particular over at least 15 cm.
  • the faces of the segments in the joint area need not be horizontal, but may be inclined to the horizontal, curved or irregular.
  • the height of at least 5 cm is measured in a horizontal section of the tower, which forms the impact area.
  • the impact area advantageously extends over a height of less than 2.0 m, in particular less than 1.0 m, preferably less than 0.5 m.
  • the individual segments of the tower can have a height in the order of about 5 m to 50 m, in particular of 10 m up to 30 m.
  • the individual segments are constructed so that the segments can stand independently. This simplifies assembly.
  • a gap between the end faces of the segments runs in the joint area, and the segments are glued to one another at the gap.
  • a high stability of the tower results. Due to the defined gap width in the joint area between the end faces of the segments, bonding with high strength can be achieved.
  • the gap also serves to compensate for tolerances.
  • a plurality of elevations and depressions is provided on the end faces of the segments.
  • the segments are constructed of interconnected wood panels, and each wood panel has at least one elevation or depression.
  • alignment of the segments with one another during assembly is achieved.
  • at least two, in particular at least five, advantageously at least ten depressions are provided per meter horizontally measured circumferential length of the joint area.
  • a plurality of elevations and depressions is provided.
  • At least two elevations and at least two recesses are each formed the same.
  • the shape of the elevations is in particular mirror-symmetrical to the shape of the depressions.
  • a simple construction results when the elevations and depressions are arranged in a repeating pattern. Particularly advantageous all elevations and depressions are each formed the same. This results in a simple manufacturability of the end faces of the segments.
  • the arrangement and design of the elevations and depressions is advantageously provided so that there is a suitable, in particular a uniform derivative of the forces prevailing during operation.
  • the joint area is preferably designed as a general wedge-tooth joint.
  • GeneralkeilzinkenFlo in the sense of This document is considered a uniform galvanization, which is pressed with adhesive. The dimensions of the galvanizing can be selected adapted to the loads occurring.
  • the side walls of the elevation and the recess in the circumferential direction of the tower are inclined.
  • the angle which the side walls enclose with the horizontal is advantageously from 70 ° to 89.5 °, in particular from 80 ° to 89 °.
  • the angle of the side walls is advantageously measured to a horizontal end side of a segment.
  • the inclination of the side walls of the elevations and the depressions can be the same. However, different inclinations or a curved course of the side walls can be advantageous.
  • waisted side walls of the ridges or depressions may be useful to achieve a changing Spalttere. Also spacers such as knobs or the like.
  • On a wall of an increase or depression may be advantageous.
  • the design of the gap can also be provided so that there is a good ventilation of the gap.
  • the annular segments have a polygonal cross-section and are constructed of wood panels connected to each other at their vertical abutting edges.
  • the wood panels are advantageously flat.
  • curved wood panels may also be advantageous.
  • Particularly advantageous is an octagonal cross-section of the annular segments.
  • the wood panels have a closed cross-sectional structure.
  • the wood panels have at least one barrier layer, in which the fiber direction is aligned transversely to the fiber direction of at least one further layer of wood.
  • the wood panels are constructed in particular of cross-laminated timber, glulam and / or laminated veneer lumber.
  • no barrier layers are arranged in the joint area.
  • a very high tensile force in the vertical direction of the tower can be transmitted via the connection between the segments, and there is a high stability of the tower.
  • it can also be provided to provide barrier layers of reduced thickness in the abutting area.
  • a simple sealing of the abutting area results when the second segment has a cover covering the abutting area on its outer side.
  • the cover also serves to center the second segment with respect to the first segment during assembly. Due to the cover can advantageously account for a subsequent sealing of the joint area. This considerably simplifies the manufacture of the tower.
  • the cover can already be arranged on the wooden boards during the production of the wood panels.
  • the cover advantageously has a drip edge extending below the joint area and at a distance from the outside of the second segment. Moisture, rain and the like is led away from the drip area by the drip edge and can drip off.
  • Between the cover and the first segment is advantageously arranged at least one sealing element. This can be done in a simple manner sealing the joint area.
  • the sealing element is advantageous already on the cover or preassembled to the first segment, so that no additional sealing must be made when covering the segments.
  • a tower head made of metal which has an upper connecting flange for connecting a nacelle of the wind power plant and a lower connecting flange.
  • the lower connection flange is advantageously fixed to the upper segment of the tower.
  • the fixation of the lower connection flange at the upper segment of the tower is advantageously carried out already at the factory.
  • the lower connecting flange has a plurality of transverse to the surface of the tower wall aligned sheets which protrude into slots of the upper segment of the tower.
  • the upper segment of the tower is the upper timber segment. The sheets are advantageously glued in the slots.
  • the sheets have a structured surface on their flat sides, which face a side wall of a slot.
  • two sheets structured on one side are advantageously connected to one another so that the structured surfaces face outward.
  • one-sided structured sheets can be used.
  • the upper connection flange is advantageously round and the lower connection flange polygonal.
  • the tower head advantageously has a connecting section which is composed of folded metal sheets. A simple structure results when the bending edges of the metal sheets each extend from one corner of the lower flange starting fan-shaped to the upper flange. By folding the metal sheets can be easily created an exact transition from the polygonal lower flange to the upper flange flange.
  • the tower advantageously has a base, in particular of concrete, on which a connection element made of metal is arranged.
  • the connecting element has at its the lower segment of the tower facing a large number advantageously in the transverse direction of the tower wall aligned sheets which protrude into slots of the lower segment of the tower and which are glued in the slots.
  • the sheets advantageously have a structured surface on the flat sides, which face a side wall of a slot. Due to the structured surface of the sheets, a mechanical interlocking between the sheet surface and the adhesive is achieved.
  • the second segment is placed on the first segment and that is underlaid in a recess so that a gap between the end faces of the segments is formed which at least 0.5 mm and at most 8 mm wide. Subsequently, the gap is filled with adhesive.
  • the adhesive is advantageously pressed into the gap. As a result, a high strength is achieved.
  • the adhesive is advantageously an epoxy resin.
  • Fig. 1 shows a wind turbine 1.
  • the wind turbine 1 has a tower 3, which is arranged on a base 2.
  • the base 2 is a foundation.
  • the base 2 may also be a concrete tower.
  • a nacelle 4 is fixed, on which a rotor 5 is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotor 5 is aligned horizontally in the embodiment.
  • a slightly inclined axis of rotation of the rotor 5 may also be advantageous.
  • the rotor 5 in the exemplary embodiment comprises three rotor blades 6. A different number of rotor blades 6 may also be provided.
  • the tower 3 is constructed of wood.
  • the tower 3 of stacked, annular segments 7 to 16 is constructed.
  • the outer diameter of the tower 3 decreases continuously with increasing height.
  • the segments 7 to 16 have a frustoconical shape.
  • a tower head 17 is arranged, which carries the nacelle 4 with the rotor 5.
  • Superimposed segments 7 to 16 are each connected to one another at a horizontally extending abutting region 18.
  • Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the first, lowermost segment 7 on the base 2.
  • a connection element 19 is fixed, on which the first segment 7 is fixed.
  • an arrangement for aligning the connection element 19, for example a steel plate may be provided.
  • the first segment 7 is, as well as the sectional view in Fig. 4 shows, constructed from a total of eight wooden panels 36 which at approximately vertically extending abutting edges 40 together are connected. Due to the reduction of the outer diameter of the tower 3, the abutting edges 40 are slightly inclined towards the tower inner side.
  • the wood panels 36 form a polygonal, in the embodiment an octagonal ring.
  • the wood panels 36 have a horizontally measured width b, which decreases steadily with increasing height.
  • the width b of the wood panels 36 of the first segment 7 may be several meters, for example 2 m to 5 m. In the exemplary embodiment, a width b between 4.5 m and 5 m is provided for the wooden panels 36 of the first segment 7.
  • the wood panels 36 are trapezoidal.
  • the segments 7 to 16 each have a measured from its lower end face 24 to its upper end face 23 height a, which is advantageously several meters.
  • a height a is provided which is from 5 m to 50 m, advantageously from 10 m to 30 m, in particular from 10 m to 15 m.
  • the height a is advantageously the same for all segments.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 also show, at the top of the base 2, a platform 20 is arranged.
  • a further platform 21 is located below the joint area 18 between the first segment 7 and the second segment 8.
  • a platform is advantageously arranged in each case at the joint area between two segments.
  • the lowermost segment 7 is connected to the overlying segment 8 at the joint area 18.
  • the wood panels 36 of the first segment 7 engage in the wood panels 36 of the second segment 8 lying above them.
  • the end face 23 of the first, lower segment 7 is thereby above the end face 24 of the second, overlying segment eighth
  • Fig. 5 shows the connection of the wood panels 36 of the lower segment 7 on the connecting element 19.
  • the connecting element 19 is executed in the embodiment as a double-T-beam made of steel. However, another design of the connection element 19 may also be advantageous.
  • the connecting element 19 is fixed in the exemplary embodiment via two anchor bolts 80, which are screwed into a common anchor plate 81 and encapsulated in the concrete of the base 2, on the base 2.
  • the wood panels 36 have a Thickness c.
  • the thickness c may be, for example, about 15 cm to about 40 cm. In the embodiment, a thickness c is provided which is between 20 cm and 33 cm.
  • the wooden plate 36 has a closed cross-sectional structure, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • a cover 46 On the outside of the wooden plate 36, a cover 46 is arranged, which is formed as a circumferential strip and is bevelled on its upwardly facing side. The cover 46 engages over the upper flange of the connecting element 19 and has on its lower side an outer drip edge 47. Radially within the drip edge 47, a seal 86 between the connecting element 19 and the cover 46 is provided. The seal 86 prevents the ingress of moisture between the wooden plate 36 and connecting element 19.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows the wood plate 36 has at its resting on the connecting element bottom 87 has a slot 77 which extends over the entire thickness c. In the slot 77 protrude sheets 76, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of the connecting element 19 on the base 2 and the attachment of the connecting element 19 via the anchor bolt 80. It is a plurality of anchor bolt 80 evenly spaced.
  • a plurality of sheets 76 are arranged, each extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting element 19.
  • the plates 76 are each connected in pairs, such as Fig. 9 shows.
  • the pairs of sheets 76 are arranged at a uniform distance from each other. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance between adjacent pairs of sheets is approximately from 5 cm to 20 cm.
  • Fig. 8 shows the sheets 76 protrude into slots 77 of the wood plate 36. Between the outer sides of the sheets 76 and side walls 79 of the slot 77, a gap is formed, which is filled with adhesive.
  • the adhesive is advantageously an epoxy resin.
  • Adhesion of the adhesive to the sheets 76 to reach the side walls 79 facing flat side 78 of the sheets 76 is provided in each case with a textured surface, such as Fig. 10 shows.
  • the structuring can be suitably chosen and serves to produce a good mechanical connection between the sheets 76 and the adhesive.
  • Fig. 11 shows a section through the uppermost segment 16.
  • the uppermost segment 16 has as well as the other not shown in section segments 8 to 15 an octagonal cross-section.
  • the uppermost segment 16 is constructed of wood panels 39 having a significantly smaller width b than the wooden panels 36 of the first, lowermost segment 7.
  • the width b of the wooden panels 39 of the uppermost segment 16 may be, for example, a quarter to one-half the width b of the wooden panels 36 of the lowermost segment 7 amount.
  • the wood panels 37 have a middle veneer area 83, which consists of a plurality of veneer layers with in the longitudinal direction of the wood panels 37, So approximately vertically extending fiber direction, is constructed.
  • the wood panel 37 On the outside, the wood panel 37 has both inside and outside a veneer area 41 which is also constructed of veneer layers 42 having a fiber direction extending in the longitudinal direction of the wood panel 37.
  • the thickness of the veneer layers is advantageously from 2 mm to 5 mm, in particular from 3 mm to 4 mm.
  • a barrier layer 43 is arranged, which is constructed of wooden boards 82 with an approximately horizontally extending longitudinal direction. This results in a locked cross-sectional structure of the wooden plate 37.
  • the total thickness of all layers with in the longitudinal direction of the wood plate 37 extending fiber direction is advantageously greater than the thickness of the transverse direction, ie horizontally or circumferentially extending fiber direction.
  • the wood panels 36 to 39 are advantageously constructed in the veneer areas of laminated veneer lumber, the veneer thickness is 2 mm to 4 mm, preferably 3 mm to 3.5 mm.
  • the veneer areas 41, 83 areas constructed from wooden boards can also be provided.
  • barrier layers 43 of wooden boards and barrier layers can be provided from a variety of veneer layers.
  • Fig. 13 shows a section through the arranged on the segment 10 segment 11, which is constructed of wood panels 38.
  • the wood panels 38 have a thickness d that is greater than the thickness c.
  • the thickness d is between 25 cm and 33 cm and the thickness a between 20 cm and 25 cm.
  • the thickness d may advantageously be about 2 cm to 10 cm larger than the thickness c.
  • the wood panels 38 additionally have on their outer sides in each case an outer veneer area 84, the thickness and construction of which in the exemplary embodiment corresponds to that of the veneer area 41.
  • another structure of the wood panels 37 and 38 may be advantageous.
  • the segments 11 to 16 arranged above the segment 10 are also constructed of wood panels 38, 39 which have a thickness d.
  • the wood panels 36, 37, 38, 39 are advantageously made of cross-laminated timber, glulam and / or laminated veneer lumber and have a closed cross-sectional structure. Also, a structure other than that shown may be advantageous.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show the design of the joint area 18 in detail.
  • an impact region 18 is understood to mean a horizontally extending tower section, in which the end faces 23 and 24 of the adjacent segments 7 and 8 are located.
  • the end faces 23 and 24 need not run horizontally, but may have any desired shape, but are within the limited by imaginary horizontal lines impact region 18.
  • the end face 23 of the lowermost segment 7 has a plurality of elevations 25 and recesses 26.
  • Corresponding elevations 27 and depressions 28 are provided on the lower end face 24 of the segment 8.
  • the elevations and depressions engage tooth-like.
  • the elevations 25, 27 and depressions 26, 28 form an intermeshing, uniform toothing.
  • the joint area 18 is advantageously constructed as a general wedge-joint joint, ie with uniform galvanization, which is pressed out with adhesive.
  • Fig. 15 shows the design of the joint area 18 in detail.
  • the impact region 18 has a height f in the longitudinal direction of the plate, that is to say vertically.
  • the height f is advantageously at least 5 cm.
  • the height f is advantageously at least 10 cm, in particular at least 15 cm.
  • the height f of the joint area 18 is advantageously less than 2.0 m.
  • the height f of the joint area 18 is advantageously less than 1.0 m, in particular less than 0.5 m.
  • the height f of the joint area 18 is about 25 cm to 35 cm.
  • the height f corresponds to the height of the toothing of each segment 7 to 16.
  • the recesses 26 and 28 are made in the embodiment as wedge-shaped slots, which - like Fig. 18 shows - over the entire thickness c of the wood panels 36 extend. It may also be advantageous that the shape of the elevations 25, 27 and depressions 26, 28 changes over the thickness c of the wood panels 36.
  • the recesses 26, 28 and the elevations 25, 27 have side walls 29, 30, 31, 32, which are inclined relative to a horizontal 33 in the circumferential direction of the tower 3.
  • the side walls 29 of the ridges 27, which correspond to the side walls 30 of the recesses 29, are inclined relative to the horizontal 33 by an angle ⁇ .
  • the side walls 31 of the ridges 27, which correspond to the side walls 32 of the recesses 28, are inclined relative to the horizontal 33 by an angle ⁇ .
  • the angles ⁇ , ⁇ are advantageously slightly less than 90 °.
  • the angles ⁇ , ⁇ are advantageously from 70 ° to 89.5 °, in particular from 80 ° to 89 °.
  • the angles ⁇ , ⁇ are advantageously the same. However, different angles ⁇ , ⁇ may also be advantageous.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ are the same, so that a gap 34 with a constant width 1 between the segments 7 and 8 results.
  • the gap 34 has in each case adjacent to the end faces 23 and 24, a horizontal portion 35.
  • the recesses 26, 28 are relatively narrow and deep.
  • the sum of the width of an elevation 25, 27 and a recess 26, 28 in the exemplary embodiment is 10 cm.
  • ten elevations and ten depressions of each segment 7, 8, which intermesh result per meter of horizontally measured circumferential length of the abutting region 18.
  • at least two, advantageously at least five depressions are provided per meter of horizontally measured circumferential length of the abutting region 18.
  • all elevations and depressions are identical. However, differently shaped elevations and depressions may also be provided.
  • the elevations and depressions are then arranged in a repeating pattern. All abutting regions 18 between segments 7 to 16 arranged on one another are formed corresponding to the abutting region 18 between the segments 7 and 8. Due to the tooth-like design of the end faces 23 and 24, the respective upper segment 8 to 16 is centered and guided on the underlying segment 7 to 15 during assembly.
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 show, no elevations 25, 27 and recesses 26, 28 are provided in the region of the abutting edges 40.
  • a wedge 55 is arranged between adjacent circumferentially wood panels, which will be described in more detail below.
  • Fig. 19 shows the design of the joint area 18 in a longitudinal section through the tower 3. Like Fig. 19 shows the segments 7 and 8 are constructed in the region forming the impact area 18 and the adjoining areas without barrier layers 43. Instead, 41 other veneer areas 88 are disposed between the central veneer area 83 and the outer veneer areas. Also in the veneer areas 88, the fibers run in the longitudinal direction of the wood panel, that is approximately vertically. Accordingly, no transverse layers are provided in the joint region 18 and the regions adjacent thereto. As a result, the transmittable over the impact area 18 tensile force is relatively high.
  • the area over which no transverse layers in wood panels 36, 37, 38, 39 of the segments 7 to 16 are arranged, both above and below the joint area 18 again over a height f of the joint area 18 corresponding height.
  • the segments 7 and 8 each have an outer side 44 and an inner side 45 located inside.
  • a cover 46 completely covering the abutting region 18 is arranged.
  • the cover 46 is disposed at the lower portion of the upper segment 8 and projects beyond the underlying segment 7 on its outer side 44.
  • the cover 46 is bevelled.
  • a drip edge 47 is provided, which is arranged in the embodiment at the outer edge of the cover 46, and which forms the lowermost region of the cover 46.
  • the drip edge 47 is arranged lower than the joint area 18.
  • the drip edge 47 has a vertically measured distance g from the lower segment 7.
  • the distance g is advantageously at least 1 cm, in particular between 1 cm and 5 cm.
  • the distance g is measured to a arranged on the outer side 44 of the lower segment 7 bar 89.
  • sealing elements 48 and 49 are provided in the overlapped by the cover 46 region of the lower segment 7 sealing elements 48 and 49 are provided.
  • a first sealing element 48 is formed in the embodiment as a folded sheet metal and can be advantageously attached to the bar 89 and supported on an inner side of the cover 46.
  • a second sealing element 49 is provided between the top of the strip 89 and the cover 46.
  • the second sealing element 49 may be, for example, a sealing tape.
  • the drip edge 47 is located lower than the sealing elements 48 and 49, so that penetration of water or other liquids into the gap 34 is avoided. An additional subsequent sealing of the gap 34 between each other arranged segments 7 and 8 can be omitted. With the placement of the segment 8 on the underlying segment 7 of the joint area 18 is sealed.
  • the joint areas 18 of the further segments 8 to 16 are designed accordingly.
  • the gap 34 is pressed in the manufacture of the tower with adhesive, in particular with epoxy resin.
  • the width 1 of the gap 34 is from 0.5 mm to 8 mm.
  • a sealing element covering the joint area 18, in the embodiment a plexiglass disk 54 is arranged.
  • the plexiglass disk 54 also allows optical control of the filling of the gap 34 with adhesive.
  • an in Fig. 20 shown position fuse 50 is provided to the position of the segments 7 and 8 to each other during the manufacture of the tower 3 to ensure complete curing of the adhesive.
  • the position assurance 50 comprises in the exemplary embodiment a T-beam 51, which is bolted to the segment 7 via a plurality of screws 52 with the segment 8 and a plurality of screws 53.
  • FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a wedge 55 at the abutting edge 40 between two circumferentially adjacent wooden panels 36.
  • the wooden panels 36 each have an outer side 65 disposed on the outer side 44 of the segment and an inner side 61 disposed on the inner side 45 of the segment Wedge 55 extends from the inner side 45 in the direction of the outer side 44 of the segment 7.
  • the wedge 55 thereby widens toward the inner side 45 of the segment 7.
  • the segment 7 has on its outer side 44 at the vertical abutting edge 40 an outer side 64, to which the wedge 55 has a distance n.
  • the wedge 55 thus does not protrude to the outside 44.
  • the wedge 55 is held on the wood plates 36 with screws 56 and 57.
  • the longitudinal axis 60 of the screw 57 has the inside 61 of the wooden plate 36, in which the screw 57 is screwed, an angle ⁇ , which is from 40 ° to 140 °.
  • the longitudinal axis 59 of the screw 56 extends to the inside 61 of the wooden plate 36, in which the screw 56 is screwed, also at an angle ⁇ , which advantageously corresponds to the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal axis 60 and the associated inner side 61 of the wooden plate 36.
  • the screws 56 and 57 cross each other in a plan view. By this arrangement of the screws 56 and 57, the wood panels 36 can be used well on the wedge 55, so that a small adhesive gap between the wood panels 36 and wedge 55 can be achieved.
  • the screws 56 and 57 are arranged with horizontal offset k to each other.
  • the offset k can be the same for all screws 56 and 57. It can also be provided to provide different distances between superimposed screws 57 and superimposed screws 56, wherein the distance between superimposed screws 56 is the same in each case and the distance between superposed screws 57 is the same.
  • the wedge 55 has longitudinal sides 58, which bear against the longitudinal sides of the wood panels 36.
  • the longitudinal sides 58 of the wedge 55 an angle ⁇ , which is advantageously from 10 ° to 30 °, in particular from 15 ° to 25 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is advantageously matched to the number of corners of the tower cross-section. If the number of corners of the tower is different, other angular ranges may be advantageous.
  • each wedge 55 has a height i.
  • the height i is significantly smaller than the height a of a segment 7 to 16 (FIG. Fig. 3 ).
  • the height i of a wedge 55 can advantageously be 1 m to 3 m, in particular 1.5 m to 2 m.
  • the handling of the wedges 55 is facilitated, and there is an improved tolerance compensation.
  • the wedges 55 are placed with their end faces together.
  • the wedge 55 On the inner side 45 of the segment, the wedge 55 has longitudinal sides 62 and 63 which form chamfers of the wedge 55.
  • the longitudinal sides 62 and 63 are formed so as to enclose with the longitudinal axes 59 and 60 of the screws 56 and 57 an angle ⁇ which is from 85 ° to 95 °.
  • ⁇ which is from 85 ° to 95 °.
  • the wedge 55 is glued between the wood panels 36.
  • the screws 56 and 57 fix the adhesive bond and at the same time ensure the required contact pressure for the bond.
  • the longitudinal sides 58 of the wedge 55 are coated with an adhesive.
  • the adhesive on the wedge 55 is in particular a joint-filling resin glue.
  • the wedge 55 is driven into the abutting edge 40 and the pressing pressure is applied with the screws 56 and 57.
  • all abutting edges 40 of all segments 7 to 16 are identical and designed as described for segment 7. In the manufacture of the tower, first the lower segment 7 is produced.
  • the lowermost segment 7 is advantageously built up directly on the connection element 19 and closed there via the wedges 55 and adhesively bonded to the lower connection element 19.
  • the second segment 8 is made of wood panels 36 as a ring segment adjacent to the lower segment 7.
  • the wood panels 36 of the segment 8 are made to ring and connected by wedges 55 and glued together.
  • the wedges 55 are attached to the application of the pressing pressure on the screws 56 and 57 to the adjacent wood panels 36. The attachment and bonding of the wedges 55 takes place successively from bottom to top.
  • the abutting edges 40 are sealed on its outer side 64. This can be done for example via an applied bar and a liquid sealing material.
  • the second segment 8 is placed on the lowest segment 7.
  • the second segment 8 is aligned on the first segment 7, so that the desired position and a defined width 1 of the gap 34 results.
  • the gap 34 is pressed with adhesive.
  • the gap width is 0.5 mm to 8 mm and can vary both over the gap length and over the width of the wood panels 36 to 39.
  • a sealing of the abutting region 18 takes place only via the cover 46 and sealing elements 48 and 49 already mounted on the segments 7 and 8.
  • segment 9 to 16 is first produced as a ring and then placed, aligned and glued. It can also be provided initially to arrange several or all segments 7 to 16 on one another before the gaps 34 are pressed with adhesive.
  • the wood panels 36 carry on their outer side 65 before the production of the segments 7 to 16 a coating.
  • the coating may for example be a film containing a glass fiber fleece and polyurethane.
  • the coating advantageously consists of a material which corresponds to the material used in a nonwoven-laminated liquid coating.
  • the coating is advantageously applied already during the production of the wood panel 36 to 38 and before transport to the tower 3, in particular by machine, for example in a vacuum press method or by means of a press. By applying the coating in the manufacture of the wood panel 36, a defined pressing pressure can be achieved.
  • the coating may also be a liquid coating, in particular a fleece-laminated liquid coating.
  • the liquid coating is also advantageously applied at the factory in order to achieve defined properties of the coating.
  • Fig. 25 shows the design of the tower head 17.
  • the tower head 17 has an upper connecting flange 66 which is formed round and a lower connecting flange 67 which has a polygonal, in the embodiment an octagonal shape.
  • the shape of the lower connection flange 67 is matched to the shape of the upper segment 16.
  • Metal sheets 73 extend between the upper connecting flange 66 and the lower connecting flange 67. In the exemplary embodiment, eight metal sheets 73 are provided.
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 show, at the lower flange 67 a plurality of sheets 68 are fixed.
  • the sheets 68 are arranged and formed corresponding to the sheets 76 on the connecting element 19 on the connecting flange 67.
  • Fig. 28 shows, two plates 68 are joined together.
  • the pairs of plates are fixed at a uniform distance from each other at the lower flange 67.
  • the distance h between adjacent pairs of sheets may advantageously be from 5 cm to 20 cm. In the embodiment, a distance h of 10 cm is provided.
  • each slot 69 has two side walls 71 which face the outsides of the sheets 68.
  • the sheets 68 On their side walls 71 facing flat sides 70, the sheets 68 have a textured surface.
  • a structure formed by diamond-shaped elevations is provided. Also, another structure may be appropriate.
  • the sheets 68 are glued in the slots 69 of the upper segment 16. Due to the structure of the flat sides 70 of the sheets 68, a good bond between adhesive and the sheets 68 results.
  • Fig. 31 shows, two adjacent sheets 68 are bent towards each other at their running in the vertical direction of the tower 3 edges. At their edges, the sheets 68 may be interconnected by welds 85, such as Fig. 31 shows. Also, a connection of the sheets 68 without welds 85, for example via a continuous weld or separate connection means may be provided, such as Fig. 32 shows.
  • Fig. 33 shows the connection of a metal plate 73 with the upper connecting flange 66.
  • the connection can be made via conventional connecting means such as screws or the like or via a welded joint or the like.
  • the metal sheets 73 form a connecting portion 72 which connects the lower connecting flange 67 with the upper connecting flange 66.
  • This is in Fig. 34 shown.
  • the bending edges 75 extend in a fan-shaped manner from a corner 74 of the lower connecting flange 67 to the upper connecting flange 66.
  • the corner 74 is in each case provided centrally on the lower edge of the metal sheets 73.
  • adjacent bending edges 75 each have the same distance from each other.
  • a precise transition from the octagonal cross section of the lower connecting flange 67 to the round cross section of the upper connecting flange 66 can be achieved in a simple manner via the bending edges 75.
  • Fig. 37 shows an embodiment for the design of a joint area 118 between two segments 7 and 8. Corresponding joint areas 118 may be provided between the segments 8 to 16.
  • the lower segment 7 has recesses 126 on its front side 23. In each case, elevations 125 are formed between the recesses 126. At the upper portion of each elevation 125, a thickening 133 is provided.
  • the groove bottom of the groove-shaped recesses 126 and the thickenings 133 are formed with a round cross-section and can be made for example with a milling tool such as a milling cutter.
  • Recesses 128 are provided on the front side 24 of the upper segment 8, between which elevations 127 are formed.
  • the ridges 127 and depressions 128 are formed identically to the ridges 125 and depressions 126.
  • the elevations 127 each have a thickening 133 in their region facing the end face 24.
  • the region of the thickenings 133 and the groove base of the groove recesses 128 arranged at the top in the installed state are each designed with a round cross section.
  • the ridges 125 have sidewalls 131 that correspond to sidewalls 132 of the recesses 126.
  • the side walls 131, 132 extend to a horizontal 33 at an angle ⁇ , which advantageously the in Fig. 15 shown angle ⁇ corresponds.
  • the side walls 129 of the ridges 127 which correspond to side walls 130 of the recesses 128, extend to the horizontal 33 at an angle ⁇ corresponding to that in FIG Fig. 15 shown angle ⁇ can correspond.
  • a gap 134 is formed, which has a width m.
  • the width m is greater in the region between the thickenings 133 than in the region of the thickenings 133.
  • the width m is between 0.5 mm and 8 mm at each point.
  • a gap 34, 134 may be advantageous. Also, individual elevations such as knobs or the like. On an increase or depression may be advantageous to set a defined distance between the segments 7 and 8 and thereby a defined width m of the gap 134 can. It can be provided that for venting the gap 34, 134 additional grooves or depressions in the joint area 18, 118 are provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Mât pour une éolienne, dans lequel le mât (3) comporte au moins deux segments annulaires (7 à 16) en bois qui sont reliés entre eux au niveau d'une zone de joint (18, 118) horizontale, sur leurs côtés frontaux (23, 24), les segments annulaires (7 à 16) ayant une section transversale polygonale et se composant de plaques de bois (36, 37, 38, 39) reliées entre elles au niveau de leurs arêtes de joint verticales (40), et un deuxième segment (8 à 16) est disposé au-dessus d'un premier segment (7 à 15),
    caractérisé en ce que le côté frontal (23, 24) d'un segment (7 à 16) présente au moins une saillie (25, 27, 125, 126), et le côté frontal (23, 24) de l'autre segment (7 à 16) présente au moins un creux (26, 28, 126, 128), le creux (26, 28, 126, 128) s'étendant sur toute l'épaisseur (c) de la plaque de bois (36, 37, 38, 39), et en ce que la saillie (25, 27, 125, 127) vient en prise dans le creux (26, 28, 126, 128).
  2. Mât selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la zone de joint (18, 118) s'étend sur une hauteur (f) d'au moins 5 cm.
  3. Mât selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la zone de joint (18, 118) s'étend sur une hauteur (f) de moins de 2,0 m.
  4. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de joint (18, 118), un interstice (34, 134) s'étend entre les côtés frontaux des segments (7 à 16), et les segments (7 à 16) sont collés ensemble au niveau de l'interstice (34).
  5. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins un creux (26, 28, 126, 128) par mètre de longueur circonférentielle, mesurée horizontalement, de la zone de joint (18, 118).
  6. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un grand nombre de saillies (25, 27, 125, 127) et de creux (26, 28, 126, 128), et en ce qu'au moins deux saillies (25, 27, 125, 127) et au moins deux creux (26, 28, 126, 128) ont la même forme respectivement.
  7. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que la zone de joint (18, 118) est conçue comme un joint général à entures.
  8. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (29, 30, 31, 32, 129, 130, 131, 132) de la saillie (25, 27, 125, 128) et du creux (26, 28, 126, 128) sont inclinées dans le sens circonférentiel du mât (3).
  9. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que les plaques de bois (36, 37, 38, 39) ont une structure de section transversale contreplaquée.
  10. Mât selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de joint (18), il n'y a pas de couches contreplaquées (43).
  11. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que le deuxième segment (8 à 16) comporte sur son côté extérieur (44) un recouvrement (46) couvrant la zone de joint (18).
  12. Mât selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que le recouvrement (46) comporte un rejetteau (47) qui s'étend au-dessous de la zone de joint (18) et à une distance (g) du côté extérieur du deuxième segment (8 à 16).
  13. Mât selon la revendication 11 ou 12,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément d'étanchéité (47, 48) est disposé entre le recouvrement (46) et le premier segment (7 à 15).
  14. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu sur le côté supérieur du mât une tête de mât (17) en métal qui comporte une bride de raccordement supérieure (66) pour le raccordement d'une nacelle (4) de l'éolienne (1), et une bride de raccordement inférieure (67), la bride de raccordement inférieure (67) étant fixée au segment supérieur (16) du mât (3).
  15. Mât selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que la bride de raccordement inférieure (67) comporte un grand nombre de tôles (68), orientées transversalement par rapport à la surface de la paroi de mât, qui dépassent dans des fentes (69) du segment supérieur (16) du mât (3) et qui sont collées dans lesdites fentes (69), les tôles (68) présentant, sur les côtés plats (70) tournés vers une paroi latérale (71) d'une fente (69), une surface structurée.
  16. Mât selon la revendication 14 ou 15,
    caractérisé en ce que la bride de raccordement supérieure (66) est ronde et la bride de raccordement inférieure (67) est polygonale, et en ce que la tête de mât (17) comporte, entre la bride de raccordement supérieure (66) et la bride de raccordement inférieure (67), une section de liaison (72) qui est assemblée à partir de tôles de métal (73) pliées, les bords de pliage (75) des tôles de métal (73) s'étendant chacun en éventail d'un coin (74) de la bride de raccordement (67) jusqu'à la bride de raccordement (66).
  17. Mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que le mât (3) comporte un socle (2) en béton sur lequel est disposé un élément de raccordement (19) en métal, l'élément de raccordement (19) comportant, sur son côté supérieur tourné vers le segment inférieur (7) du mât (3), un grand nombre de tôles (76) orientées dans la direction transversale de la paroi de mât (77), qui dépassent dans des fentes (77) du segment inférieur (7) du mât (3) et qui sont collées dans lesdites fentes (77), les tôles (76) présentant, sur les côtés plats (78) tournés vers une paroi latérale (79) d'une fente (77), une surface structurée.
  18. Procédé pour fabriquer un mât selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce que le deuxième segment (8 à 16) est posé sur le premier segment (7 à 15), en ce qu'on réalise un calage sous le creux (26, 28, 126, 128) de telle sorte qu'il se forme entre les côtés frontaux (23, 24) un interstice (34, 134) d'une largeur de 0,5 mm au minimum et de 8 mm au maximum, et en ce que l'interstice (34, 134) est ensuite rempli de colle.
EP15000402.6A 2015-02-11 2015-02-11 Tour d'éolienne et son procédé de fabrication Active EP3056636B1 (fr)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3321452B1 (fr) 2016-11-14 2020-04-29 Züblin Timber GmbH Tour en bois
AT520490B1 (de) * 2017-10-05 2020-02-15 Schmidt Michael Turm für eine Windenergieanlage
SE543098C2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2020-10-06 Modvion Ab Laminated wood tower and method for assembly of a laminated wood tower

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007006652A1 (de) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-07 Gregor Prass Windkraftanlage
WO2012130292A1 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Amsc Windtec Gmbh Tour d'éolienne et son procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUP0201136A2 (hu) * 2002-04-03 2004-04-28 Meir Silber Toronyszerkezet
DE102009017586A1 (de) * 2009-04-19 2010-10-28 Timber Tower Gmbh Turm für eine Windkraftanlage
AT12951U1 (de) * 2011-07-11 2013-02-15 Green Tower Entwicklungs Gmbh Turm für eine Windkraftanlage
DE102013002549A1 (de) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 Timbertower Gmbh Turm für eine Windkraftanlage

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007006652A1 (de) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-07 Gregor Prass Windkraftanlage
WO2012130292A1 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Amsc Windtec Gmbh Tour d'éolienne et son procédé de fabrication

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