EP2821562B1 - Structure composite en bois/béton - Google Patents
Structure composite en bois/béton Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2821562B1 EP2821562B1 EP14173413.7A EP14173413A EP2821562B1 EP 2821562 B1 EP2821562 B1 EP 2821562B1 EP 14173413 A EP14173413 A EP 14173413A EP 2821562 B1 EP2821562 B1 EP 2821562B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- concrete
- composite
- boards
- superstructure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 122
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
- E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wood-concrete composite construction according to the preamble of claim 1 and the use of a timber component, with a supporting substructure and an adjacent composite superstructure for surface bonding with concrete for adjusting a wood-concrete composite construction with at least one such timber component and at least one concrete component.
- Wood-concrete composite structures have long been known from the prior art and consist of wooden elements or wooden components, which are shear-resistant connected to a adjacent to a composite surface of the timber component concrete component. Wood-concrete composite structures are used in the construction industry in particular, where the advantages of the building material wood should be combined with the advantages of the building material concrete. Such a construction is based on the basic idea of assigning the compressive forces to the wood in the composite cross section, above all the tensile forces and the concrete.
- Wood-concrete composite construction can be used as a supporting and / or raumabumbledes component both in new construction as well as in the upgrading of existing wood or wood material constructions.
- the DE 202 16 634 U1 discloses a multi-layer cross-laminated timber construction element for the creation of walls and buildings of all kinds, in which individual board and post-like woods are composed in layers of a cross-compound to the timber component, wherein the spaces between the individual layers of cross compound filled with insulation or insulation can be.
- the DE 298 24 534 U1 discloses a wood-concrete composite element in which a plurality of transverse force anchors are provided for receiving transverse forces, which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the composite webs in the recesses and are covered by the concrete part, said transverse force anchors are attached to the connecting webs.
- timber component is to be understood as meaning all load-bearing and / or space-enclosing wooden constructions which can be combined with concrete to form a wood-composite construction. These can be both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.
- the ceiling formation include the so-called beam construction, consisting of a beam layer and possibly arranged thereon wooden formwork, and the so-called board stack construction from side by side arranged, nailed or pegged side boards are used.
- cross-plywood or cross-ply constructions are increasingly being used. These are cross-glued layers of boards arranged side by side, similar to the construction of conventional plywood panels. Due to their areal structure, such wooden components are suitable for both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.
- the recesses preferably so-called cervical, which are filled with concrete or are in engagement with the concrete.
- the recesses In order to introduce the thrust forces, which run essentially parallel to the composite surface, into the wooden component, the recesses have, as abutments for the concrete, substantially flanks aligned transversely to the composite surface.
- transverse means not only a flank orientation perpendicular to the composite surface, but also any inclined flank orientation different from 0 ° or 180 °.
- connection means are known from the prior art, which are firmly connected on the one hand with the concrete and on the other hand with the timber component.
- mechanical fasteners such as screws, dowels, Nails u.
- fasteners such as screws, dowels, Nails u.
- For use in the distributed over the wooden component recesses long wood screws or dowels are screwed in, which protrude perpendicular to the composite surface over the wood cross-section and anchor-like with the concrete engaged.
- composite systems of crossed pairs of screws or dowels inclined at 45 ° to the composite surface are also known.
- Out DE 298 16 002 U1 is a composite construction in which the simultaneous absorption of shear and shear forces is achieved by a positive connection between concrete and wood.
- the wood-concrete composite construction in the area of the composite surface reinforced concrete strips, glued profiled slats or milled depressions, which extend transversely to the clamping direction of the composite structure.
- the strips or recesses have in cross section a conical shape and thus an undercut, which serves to accommodate Querzug practitionern.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to improve wood components and wood-concrete composite structures of the type mentioned in that a flat, durable and sustainable bond between concrete and wood regardless of the actual course of longitudinal thrust forces and beyond a multi-axis load transfer can be achieved , Furthermore, the cost and time compared to the known wood-concrete composite structures should be further reduced while achieving a high degree of prefabrication.
- the timber component used in the wood-concrete composite construction with supporting substructure and adjacent composite superstructure is characterized in that the composite superstructure for receiving shear and transverse tensile forces between wood component and concrete and for redistributing the thrust forces within the timber component at least two, preferably exactly two, crosswise superimposed layers of at least two laterally spaced webs, strips, slats, boards o.
- the like. Has and compared to the base is completed flat.
- cavities with undercuts which can be filled with concrete, are formed within the composite superstructure by the construction method described above between the crosswise arranged layers of spaced webs, strips, slats, boards or the like Curing positively engages the timber component.
- Curing positively engages the timber component.
- shear forces on the lateral flanks of the individual webs, strips, slats, boards o. The like.
- the transverse, preferably perpendicular, aligned to the composite flanks serve as an abutment for the concrete.
- a particular advantage of the construction method of the wood component according to the invention in the wood-concrete composite construction lies in the fact that by the crosswise arrangement of at least two layers, in contrast to the known from the prior art constructions effectively a biaxial load transfer of the shear forces within the wood Concrete composite construction is effected.
- the penetration depth of the wooden component with concrete in the direction perpendicular to the composite surface is just chosen so great that a sufficient bond between wood and concrete is ensured.
- the concrete is therefore only in direct engagement with the composite superstructure of the timber component.
- the composite superstructure according to the invention is completely flat with respect to the substructure.
- the composite superstructure on exactly two mutually crosswise arranged layers, which are completed flat against the base.
- the cavity formed by two layers sufficient on the one hand to ensure adequate anchoring of the concrete with the composite superstructure and a biaxial load transfer, and on the other hand serves to limit the weight of the finished wood-concrete composite construction due to the limited concrete receiving volume in the composite superstructure ,
- the spaced arrangement of the webs, strips, slats, boards o. The like On the gap in combination with the wood or wood material material properties of the webs, strips, slats, boards o. The like sufficient compliance or deformability of the composite is given in the direction of the longitudinal thrust forces. It was recognized that wood components in the direction perpendicular to the wood fiber have a much lower modulus of elasticity as in parallel direction to the wood fiber. A smaller modulus of elasticity means that the wood component offers little resistance to its elastic deformation. Depending on the type of wood, the modulus of elasticity in the vertical direction can amount to only a few percent of the modulus of elasticity in a parallel direction. For example, the modulus of elasticity in the vertical direction may be 300 N / mm 2 and in the vertical direction 10,000 N / mm 2 .
- Such a low modulus of elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the wood fiber and the flexibility associated therewith result in a certain longitudinal displaceability between the concrete and the wooden component, which results in an effective redistribution of the thrust forces within the timber component.
- a failure of the connecting means, with which the webs, strips, slats and boards are connected to each other and to the composite substructure can be avoided because the redistribution of the shear forces the load capacity of the timber component is used in otherwise less stressed areas with. Due to the redistribution, furthermore, the arrangement of the individual webs, strips, slats, boards or the like can take place independently of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces.
- the boards or the like can be arranged substantially equidistantly. Due to the resilience of all composite materials and boards o. The like. Experiencing approximately the same stress, and the computational effort to determine the exact number and distribution of the individual boards o. The like. In composite superstructure in a concrete composite construction is significantly reduced. The wood component is therefore universally applicable for various applications and less prone to error in its manufacture. Since, in particular, a differentiated spacing arrangement of the boards or the like and composite means over the length of the carrier element is eliminated, a total of a fast and systematic production sequence can thus be ensured.
- the flexibility and thus the property for redistributing the longitudinal thrust forces can be influenced by a suitable choice of the wood material or type of wood.
- the composite superstructure and substructure can also be made of different types of wood, wood materials or wood-based materials. While for the substructure wood types, wood materials or wood-based materials high load capacity can be used, wood types, wood materials or wood-based materials with special, vorzugsswiese bidirectionally different elasticity properties are selected for the composite superstructure. In principle, however, other materials are also conceivable for the composite superstructure, for example metal or concrete or combinations of wood, wood-based material, metal and / or concrete.
- the use of so-called Brettsperrholz- or cross laminated wood constructions are cross-laminated boards analogous to the production of a conventional plywood. Accordingly, it may be provided in an advantageous manner that the substructure is designed as cross laminated wood or cross laminated timber, and / or that the entire wood component is designed as cross laminated wood or cross laminated timber, wherein the formation of the composite superstructure, the boards in the at least two upper layers on a Side of the cross laminated wood or cross laminated timber, in particular with the omission of every other board, are arranged laterally spaced from each other.
- the substructure on the composite superstructure facing side has a closed surface and / or that between the substructure and composite superstructure, a flat separating layer, preferably made of wood, is provided.
- the closed surface or separating layer preferably serves as a formwork during the concreting process.
- it may be provided, for example, in the cross laminated timber constructions used advantageously that only in the two upper cross layers each second board is omitted, whereas the other layers formed over the entire surface of directly adjacent boards are. It is also conceivable additionally or alternatively, a separate separation layer, for example, of a thin sheet or a thin film.
- the webs, strips, slats, boards o. The like.
- Glued in the composite superstructure and / or nailed and / or screwed This can affect both the connection of the layers with each other and the connection between composite superstructure and substructure.
- Particularly preferred are screwing or nailing, since these types of connections always accompanied by a certain flexibility compared to gluing or gluing, so that the already given by the wood properties compliance and the associated redistribution of shear forces can be increased. It is also conceivable that the redistribution of the thrust forces is effected by the elasticity properties or flexibility of the compound alone or for the most part.
- the webs, strips, slats, boards o.
- the composite superstructure preferably a height in the range of 5 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 10 mm to 40 mm, and / or a width of 40 mm to 200 mm, in particular from 60 mm to 160 mm.
- the distance between the webs, strips, slats, boards or the like in the composite superstructure between 0.5 times to 5 times, in particular 1 to 2 times, their width.
- the boards of a single layer have different widths and / or different distances from each other. It is also conceivable that the boards of different layers have different heights.
- An independent aspect of the invention relates to the use of a previously described timber component for producing a wood-concrete composite construction with at least one concrete component and at least one said timber component.
- the concrete component with at least one composite superstructure of the timber component is engaged, which for receiving shear and Queryak wholly two, crosswise superimposed layers of at least two laterally to each other spaced ridges, strips, slats, boards o.
- the like Has and compared to a load-bearing substructure of the timber component is completed flat.
- Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of a timber component 1 according to the invention for a wood-concrete composite construction, with a supporting base 10 and an adjacent composite superstructure 20 for surface bonding with concrete. While in Fig. 1 the sake of clarity no concrete is, the show Fig. 2 and 3 a possible embodiment of a finished wood-concrete composite construction 100 with a timber component 1 according to Fig. 1 and a concrete component 30, which is engaged with the composite superstructure 20 of the timber component 1 and is connected to this area.
- the composite superstructure 20 for receiving longitudinal thrust and transverse tensile forces between the timber component 1 and concrete 30 and for redistributing the thrust forces within the timber component 1 at least two, in the present embodiment exactly two, crosswise superimposed layers of a plurality of laterally spaced apart boards 21st on.
- the cavity formed by the two layers between the boards on the one hand sufficient to ensure a sufficient anchorage of the concrete 30 with the composite superstructure 20 and a biaxial load transfer, and on the other hand serves to the weight of the finished wood-concrete composite structure 100 due to the limited Concrete receiving volume in the composite superstructure 20 limit.
- the composite superstructure 20 according to the invention over the base 10 is completed flat.
- the entire structure of the timber component 1 according to the embodiments of Fig. 1 to 3 is based on the so-called cross laminated timber construction, ie a wooden structure with crosswise arranged layers of wooden boards 11, 21 analogous to the production of a conventional plywood.
- the two upper board layers of the cross-ply wood are not arranged over the entire surface. Rather, the individual boards 21 are set to gap, so that form between the boards 21 and board layers cavities that can be filled with concrete 30. Due to the toothing of the concrete 30 produced with the upper board layer, the transverse tensile forces arising from the composite effect can be effectively removed.
- the other full-surface layers of directly adjacent boards 11 form the opposite of the composite superstructure 20 surface finished substructure 10th
- a particular advantage of the construction of the timber component according to the invention lies in the fact that at least two are provided by the crosswise arrangement Board layers is effectively effected a biaxial load transfer of shear forces within the wood-concrete composite structure 100.
- a wooden component 1 according to the invention also achieves effective redistribution of shear forces within the timber member 1 and thus co-exhaust the carrying capacity of the timber member 1 in otherwise less stressed areas.
- a failure of the connecting means, with which the boards 21 are connected to each other and to the substructure 20, can be avoided. Due to the redistribution, furthermore, the arrangement of the individual boards 21 can take place independently of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces. In particular, the boards 21 can be arranged at substantially equal intervals.
- the wooden component 1 Due to the resilience of all composite means and boards 21, which experience approximately the same stress, the computational effort to determine the exact number and distribution of the individual boards 21 is also significantly reduced in a concrete composite construction.
- the wooden component 1 is thus universally applicable for various applications and less prone to error in its production.
- a differentiated spacing arrangement of the boards 21 and composite means over the length of the support element is eliminated, thus a total of a fast and systematic production process can be ensured. Since the desired compliance of the wood is given in the direction perpendicular to the wood fiber, the longitudinal axes of the boards 21 are selected parallel to the wood fiber direction.
- the individual boards 21 and board layers of composite superstructure 20 are screwed together.
- Conceivable are other connecting means such as, for example, nailing, bonding and / or gluing. Bolting or nailing in comparison to bonding or gluing the advantage that they are always associated with a certain flexibility, so that the already given by the wood properties compliance and the associated redistribution of shear forces is supported supportive.
- the individual boards 11 of the substructure 10 are glued together in the present embodiment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100), comprenant au moins un composant en béton (30) et au moins un composant en bois (1), le composant en béton (30) étant en prise avec au moins une superstructure composite (20) du composant en bois (1), caractérisée en ce que la superstructure composite (20), pour recevoir des forces de poussée et de traction transversale entre le composant en bois (1) et le béton (30) ainsi que pour la répartition des forces de poussée à l'intérieur du composant en bois (1) présente au moins deux, de préférence exactement deux, couches disposées en couches croisées les unes sur les autres constituées respectivement d'au moins deux nervures, baguettes, lattes, planches (21) ou similaires espacées latéralement les unes des autres et se termine à plat par rapport à une sous-structure portante (10) du composant en bois (1).
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la sous-structure (10) est réalisée sous forme de panneau lamellé ou contrecollé et/ou en ce que le composant en bois (1) dans son ensemble est réalisé sous forme de panneau lamellé ou contrecollé, les planches (21), pour réaliser la superstructure composite (20), étant espacées latéralement les unes par rapport aux autres dans les au moins deux couches supérieures sur un côté du panneau lamellé ou contrecollé, en particulier en omettant une planche sur deux.
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la sous-structure (10) du côté tourné vers la superstructure composite (20) présente une surface fermée et/ou en ce qu'entre la sous-structure (10) et la superstructure composite (20) est prévue une couche de séparation plate (40), en particulier en bois.
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les nervures, baguettes, lattes, planches (21) ou similaires sont collées et/ou clouées et/ou vissées dans la superstructure composite (20).
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que dans la direction longitudinale des nervures, baguettes, lattes, planches (21) ou similaires, sont prévues des connexion vissées et/ou clouées au moins tous les 50 cm, en particulier au moins tous les 40 cm.
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les nervures, baguettes, lattes, planches (21) ou similaires présentent dans la superstructure composite (20) une hauteur de l'ordre de 5 mm à 50 mm, en particulier de 10 mm à 40 mm, et/ou une largeur de 40 mm à 200 mm, en particulier de 60 mm à 160 mm.
- Construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la distance entre les nervures, baguettes, lattes, planches (21) ou similaires dans la superstructure composite (20) vaut entre 0,5 fois à 5 fois, en particulier 1 fois à 2 fois leur largeur.
- Utilisation d'un composant en bois (1) pour la fabrication d'une construction composite en bois-béton (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013106919.3A DE102013106919A1 (de) | 2013-07-02 | 2013-07-02 | Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2821562A2 EP2821562A2 (fr) | 2015-01-07 |
EP2821562A3 EP2821562A3 (fr) | 2015-08-12 |
EP2821562B1 true EP2821562B1 (fr) | 2017-01-11 |
Family
ID=50979611
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14173413.7A Active EP2821562B1 (fr) | 2013-07-02 | 2014-06-23 | Structure composite en bois/béton |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2821562B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102013106919A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT516813A1 (de) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-08-15 | MMK Holz-Beton-Fertigteile GmbH | Verbundfertigteil |
DE102015003338A1 (de) * | 2015-03-14 | 2016-09-15 | Merk Timber Gmbh | Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
AT519940B1 (de) * | 2017-04-24 | 2019-11-15 | Schmidt Michael | Holzverbundelement |
CN108396648A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-14 | 南京林业大学 | 一种中空正交胶合木板和超高性能混凝土制作的板构件 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10254C (de) | J. C. JAMIN in Paris | Neuerungen im Erzeugen von elektrischem Licht. (Zweiter Zusatz ?u P R. 9453.) | ||
DE29824534U1 (de) | 1998-04-24 | 2001-08-02 | Bauer Werner | Holz-Beton-Verbundelement |
DE29816002U1 (de) | 1998-09-05 | 1999-03-04 | Werner Hartmut Dr Ing | Holzplatten-Betonverbunddecke (HPBV-Decke) als Fertigteil oder in Ortbetonbauweise mit Formschluß hergestellter Verbund |
DE20216634U1 (de) * | 2002-10-28 | 2003-01-09 | Hartmann Heinz | Mehrschichtiges Kreuzverbund-Holzbauelement |
DE10254043B4 (de) * | 2002-11-20 | 2006-10-05 | Universität Leipzig | Verbundkonstruktion hoher Tragfähigkeit |
-
2013
- 2013-07-02 DE DE102013106919.3A patent/DE102013106919A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-06-23 EP EP14173413.7A patent/EP2821562B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2821562A3 (fr) | 2015-08-12 |
DE102013106919A1 (de) | 2015-01-08 |
EP2821562A2 (fr) | 2015-01-07 |
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