EP3049572B1 - Élément de fixation de rail et système équipé d'un tel élément de fixation de rail - Google Patents

Élément de fixation de rail et système équipé d'un tel élément de fixation de rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3049572B1
EP3049572B1 EP13773201.2A EP13773201A EP3049572B1 EP 3049572 B1 EP3049572 B1 EP 3049572B1 EP 13773201 A EP13773201 A EP 13773201A EP 3049572 B1 EP3049572 B1 EP 3049572B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
head
rail fastener
securing
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13773201.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3049572A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Lutter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heico Befestigungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Heico Befestigungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3049572A1 publication Critical patent/EP3049572A1/fr
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Publication of EP3049572B1 publication Critical patent/EP3049572B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/04—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry without clamp members
    • E01B9/10—Screws or bolts for sleepers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail fastener comprising an anchoring shaft for securing the rail fastener in a mounting base, such as a rail carrying threshold, and a head formed on the anchoring shaft, provided with means for receiving a torque for the purpose of screwing the anchoring shaft into the mounting base. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail fastening arrangement with such a rail fastener.
  • Rail fasteners which are secured with an anchoring shaft in the sill adjacent to the rail.
  • an anchoring shaft for holding the rail in each case serves a substantially U-shaped rail retainer spring which projects with its connecting the two legs section over the rail head opposite the mounting flange of the rail and is clamped against this by the rail fastener.
  • Such a rail fastener comprises the already mentioned anchoring shaft and a head formed thereon. The head is designed as a polygonal head, so that by means of a tool on the same for setting a torque can be initiated.
  • a collar is formed to provide a sufficiently projecting projection which acts on the top of the legs of the hold-down spring.
  • a flexible rail attachment is required. This purpose is served by the hold-down spring used.
  • Schienenbefestiger is the same anchored by screwing the anchoring shaft in the mounting base of the fastener and at the same time the hold-down spring clamped against the mounting flange of the rail.
  • the sleepers are prefabricated concrete elements, these are equipped with dowels inserted in prefabricated fixing holes, so that the anchoring shaft is in one engages such dowel to its determination.
  • dowel plastic anchors are preferably used.
  • FR 2 315 568 discloses a rail fastener having an anchoring shaft for securing the rail fastener in a mounting base, such as a rail supporting threshold.
  • US 6,350,093 A also discloses such a rail fastener.
  • Such rail fasteners are in use worldwide. Due to the occurring movements between the rail and the threshold, they must be checked at regular intervals in relation to the rail anchorage. Often a retightening of the rail fasteners is required. In order to ensure safe railway operation, it is necessary to regularly inspect the rails, often several times a year.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to propose a rail fastener and a rail fastening arrangement, with which or is ensured that even at strained routes loosening of the rail anchorage is effectively avoided.
  • the clamping element is designed as a screw body with a threaded shank which engages in an introduced into the head and / or the anchoring shaft of the rail fastener bore with a complementary internal thread.
  • the clamping element relative to the head is clamped.
  • these two, essential for the intended rail fastening elements that the mutually facing surfaces of these elements each have or form an abutment surface and that between the abutment surfaces a locking washer or a lock washer arrangement is arranged.
  • the anchoring shaft is a bolt provided with an external thread, plastic anchors are sufficient for an effective and durable anchoring of the anchoring shaft in the fastening base. It can also be envisaged to pour the anchoring shaft directly into this at a threshold manufactured as a precast concrete element. In such an embodiment, the anchoring shaft can carry one or more brackets protruding in the radial direction.
  • a threshold As a mounting base, this includes any rail support on which rests the rail to be fastened.
  • the mounting base is a concrete slab, which serves as a receptacle of the expected weight and for introducing it into the ground.
  • the anchoring shaft passes through such a rail support and is ultimately set in the concrete slab as anchoring reason.
  • the torque to be applied for effecting the anti-rotation lock between the clamping element and the head formed on the anchoring shaft is dependent on the selection of the locking washer or locking washer arrangement engaged between the abutment surfaces.
  • a rail fastening arrangement that the head with its underside against the top the attachment ground is braced.
  • an anti-rotation element can be used to prevent rotation of the head of the rail fastener.
  • Such an anti-rotation element typically supports with a contact surface on the longitudinal course of the holding rail and is thereby secured against rotation. With one or more other surfaces, the anti-rotation element bears against the outside of the head of the rail fastener, which is typically designed as a polygon.
  • a bias exerting lock washer such as a spring washer or a toothed disc, with their Verklamm ceremoniess Modellen, depending on the design of the disc on or supports two abutment surfaces.
  • a lock washer arrangement is provided, preferably a pair of wedge lock washer.
  • These discs are two lock washers, where a Losstonêt by a set clamping force and not by friction takes place.
  • Such wedge securing disks or disk pairs are well known to a person skilled in the art. These have on their sides facing each other at a certain angle inclined V-ribs. At the sides facing away from each other for the purpose of clamping with the respective abutment, here: the abutment surface of the clamping element and the abutment surface of the head, cooperating radial ribs, typically designed like a sawtooth.
  • the wedge surface angle of the wedge surfaces of the V-ribs of these discs is greater than the pitch angle of the screw thread used to effect a bias.
  • the wedge surfaces or the V-ribs are integrally formed on the clamping element and form the relevant abutment surface.
  • the other to this disc loose wedge lock washer has with its radial ribs to the abutment surface of the head and with their V-ribs to the V-ribs of the clamping element.
  • an additional anti-rotation element may be a plastic injection molded part. Of course, this can also be made of other material, for example made of metal.
  • Such an anti-rotation element has according to a preferred embodiment of a receptacle for the torque-locking receiving the head of the Schienenbefestigers.
  • the head of the rail fastener is not rotationally symmetrical. Typically, one will provide a polygon head, such as a square head. If the head of the rail fastener used in this recording, this is held torque-tight therein.
  • the anti-rotation element itself is in turn secured against rotation with respect to the mounting base, such as the threshold, held, for example, by the previously described contact surface, which comes to rest against the outside of the mounting flange of the rail.
  • An anti-rotation of this anti-rotation element may also be provided with respect to the threshold itself, for example, by applied to one or both side surfaces of the threshold flaps.
  • an anti-rotation element In a development of such an anti-rotation element is provided that the receptacle for receiving the head of the rail fastener on the upper side, at least partially covered, wherein the cover rests on the top of the head.
  • a rail fastener hold-down spring is supported with their spring ends on the side of the anti-rotation element. In such a configuration, the torque introduced via the tensioning element is then introduced over a large area into the anti-rotation element.
  • the underside of the head - the side facing the anchoring shaft - carries bracing structures. These are designed to cooperate with complementary Verklamm ceremoniess Modellen on the top of the rail or on the top of a placed on the threshold element, for example, to achieve a rotation lock.
  • the rail fastener is not screwed into the mounting base, but cast, for example.
  • FIG. 1 is shown schematically in a perspective view of a rail section.
  • a rail 1 designed as a grooved rail in the illustrated embodiment is placed on a sleeper 2 and is supported by it.
  • the rail 1 is connected to the threshold 2 by two rail fastening arrangements 3, 3.1, each rail fastening arrangement 3, 3.1 being arranged on one side of the rail.
  • the rail 1 is bordered by the rail fastening arrangement 3, 3.1.
  • the rail 1 has at its end opposite the rail head via a mounting flange 4, which protrudes on both sides of the rail web 5.
  • the tops 6, 6.1 of the mounting flange 4 serve as an attack surface for fixing the rail 1 at the threshold 2.
  • the rail fastening arrangements 3, 3.1 are of identical construction.
  • the rail fastening arrangement 3 will be described in more detail below. The relevant explanations apply equally to the rail fastening arrangement 3.1.
  • the core of the rail fastening arrangement 3 is a rail fastener 7.
  • the rail fastener 7 of the illustrated embodiment comprises 3 assemblies.
  • the first assembly is an anchoring assembly 8. It is made in one piece and includes an anchoring shank 9 provided with a grooved external thread for engaging a dowel inserted into a mounting hole of the sill 2.
  • a polygonal head 10 is formed at the anchoring shaft 9 .
  • the polygonal head 10 projects beyond the anchoring shaft 9 and is dimensioned such that its diameter is greater than the diameter of the bore introduced into the sleeper 2 into which the anchoring shaft 9 engages.
  • Shaped again on the top of the head 10 is a threaded shaft 11.
  • the second anchoring assembly is realized by a clamping element 12.
  • the clamping element 12 is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a nut 13, a lower side formed thereon collar 14 for providing a projection on which the hold-down spring to be determined with a portion, and a turn formed thereon sleeve-like shaft portion 15.
  • the third anchoring assembly is formed in the embodiment shown in the figures by a pair of wedge locking washer 16.
  • the anti-rotation element D has a receptacle 18 for receiving the head 10.
  • the receptacle 18 is formed like an elongated hole, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the longitudinal axis of the receptacle 18th acute angle to the longitudinal extent of the rail 1 extends.
  • the clear width of the receptacle 18 corresponds to the distance between two diametrically opposite each other to the longitudinal axis surfaces of the head 10 of the Schienenbefestigers 7.
  • the anti-rotation element D has a contact surface 19 following the longitudinal extension of the outer side of the mounting flange 4.
  • the sill 2 bears on the upper side a vertically extending abutment surface 20. On this rests a second abutment surface 21 of the anti-rotation element D.
  • the inclined with respect to the longitudinal extent of the rail 1 course of the longitudinal axis of the receptacle 18 and the parallel thereto contact surfaces 20, 21 serves the purpose of establishing the anti-rotation element D with respect to its distance from the rail 1. Due to the above bearing surfaces, the anti-rotation element D itself is held against rotation.
  • a rail hold-down spring 22 of the type known per se serves to hold the rail 1 on the threshold 2.
  • the rail hold-down spring 22 is substantially U-shaped, with the leg connecting portion for holding the rail 1 on the side 6 of the mounting flange 4 is stretched.
  • the structure of the Schienenbefestigers 3 with its two anchoring assemblies 8, 16 and the clamping element 12 as a third anchoring assembly is in a longitudinal section in FIG. 2 shown. This gives more details.
  • the anchoring assembly 8 is anchored with its screw shank 9 in a plastic dowel 23 inserted into the threshold 2. This has been done before the anti-rotation element D has been placed.
  • the anchoring assembly 8 has been screwed in by attaching a torque-transmitting tool to or on the head 10.
  • the head 10 projects over, as in the sectional view of FIG FIG. 2 clearly visible, the diameter of the dowel 23 receiving bore.
  • the bottom of the head 10 is clamped against the top of the threshold 2.
  • the anti-rotation element D is placed. From this illustration is Also recognizable that the cooperating bearing surfaces 20, 21 are inclined relative to the vertical.
  • the top of the head 10 forms a first abutment surface 24.
  • the abutment surface 24 is annular.
  • the clamping element 12 is designed in the manner of a sleeve. This has an internal passage 25 with a complementary to the thread of the threaded shaft 11 internal thread. In the section of the nut 13, a hexagon is formed on the outside. This is used to attach a torque transmitting tool for clamping the clamping element 12 relative to the first anchoring assembly 8 and the head 10.
  • the pointing to the anchoring assembly 8 end face of the clamping element 12 forms a second annular abutment surface 26 which is aligned with the abutment surface 24 of the head 10.
  • the abutment surfaces 24, 26 serve the purpose that it can support the mutually pioneering sides of the wedge lock washer pair 16.
  • Wedge lock washer pairs such as the wedge lock washer pair 16 are well known and, for example, sold under HEICO-LOCK ® the HEICO Befest Trentstechnik GmbH.
  • the two lock washers 17, 17.1 of the wedge lock washer pair 16 are arranged to one another as intended, that is to say: The wedge ribs with the wedge surfaces serving for securing point to one another, while the radial ribs guiding them point away to an abutment surface 24, 26, respectively.
  • the angle of inclination of the wedge surfaces of the wedge lock washers is greater than the pitch angle of the screw thread of the threaded shaft 11.
  • This clamping takes place with a predetermined torque, with which the clamping force with which the adjoining wedge surfaces the wedge locking discs 17, 17.1 abut each other for the purpose of the desired Losdussch set.
  • the arranged on the sides facing away from each other radial ribs are designed like a sawtooth, with each steeper edge opposite to the respective Release movement points.
  • FIG. 3 shows the rail fastener 3 in its rail retainer spring 22 against the top 6 of the mounting flange 4 of the rail 1 as intended pressing arrangement of its individual parts.
  • the anchoring assembly 8 as already to FIG. 2 described anchored in the threshold 2.
  • the wedge lock washer pair 16 was first placed on the threaded shaft 11, wherein the wedge lock washer 17.1 rests with its radial ribs bearing side on the abutment surface 24.
  • the hold-down spring 22 was inserted and the clamping element 12 threaded onto the threaded shaft 11.
  • the clamping element 12 is screwed and braced relative to the non-rotatably held by the anti-rotation element D head 10 of the anchoring assembly 8, with the clamping force required for the intended deadlock of the two wedge lock washers 17, 17.1. Since the anchoring assembly 8 and the head 10 is held against rotation, this clamping force is not introduced into the anchoring shaft 9 and the dowel 23. Consequently, cost-effective plastic dowels can be used for proper anchoring of the anchoring assembly 8, which does not have to withstand the significantly higher clamping forces for bracing the wedge lock washers 17, 17.1 against each other.
  • FIG. 4 shows a clamping element 12.1 according to a further embodiment.
  • the clamping element 12.1 its abutment surface 26.1 is formed by a V-rib arrangement, as this part of the wedge lock washer 17 was in the embodiment described above.
  • the wedge lock washer 17 between the clamping element 12.1 and the head of the anchoring assembly 8 only one wedge lock washer is used, in an orientation that the wedge surfaces complementary to the abutment surface 26.1 of the clamping element 12.1 and V-ribs to the clamping element 12.1 point.
  • FIG. 5 shows in a modified embodiment, a rail fastening assembly 3.2, as these in principle already above with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 3 is described. Therefore, the above statements apply to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 also for the rail fastening arrangement 3.2 of the embodiment of FIG. 5 unless otherwise specified below.
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the implementation of such a concept.
  • the head 10.1 has a circumferential shoulder 27 with a bearing surface pointing away from the anchoring shaft 9.1.
  • the anti-rotation element D ' executes. This has a pointing towards the paragraph 27 complementary paragraph 28.
  • a small gap (in FIG. 5 not visible) between the underside of the anti-rotation element D 'and the top of the threshold 2.1 is provided.
  • clamping force acts by the clamping of the clamping element 12.2 relative to the head 10.1 with the interposition of a pair of wedges washer 16.1 as a result of support of the hold-down spring 22.1 on the top of the anti-rotation element D 'and by the above arrangement of the Annex paragraphs 27, 28 upside down 10.1.
  • the clamping force for clamping the clamping element 12.2 relative to the head 10.1 on the hold-down spring 22.1 and for effecting a rotation lock on the head 10.1 which is already clamped over the top of the threshold 2.1, from.
  • This serves to relieve over the anchoring shaft 10.1 acting on the dowel 23.1 forces. Therefore, such a Schienenbefestiger can also be used when the anchoring shaft is embedded in the mounting base, for example, only with an epoxy, for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Élément de fixation de rail comprenant une tige d'ancrage (9) destiné à fixer l'élément de fixation de rail (7) dans un support de fixation, par exemple une traverse (2) supportant le rail (1), et une tête (10, 10.1) moulée sur la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1), équipé de moyens pour recevoir un couple de serrage destiné à visser la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1) dans le support de fixation, caractérisé en ce que
    - sur la tête (10, 10.1), sur son côté opposé à la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1) est moulée une tige filetée (11)
    ou
    - sur la tête (10, 10.1) et/ou sur la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1) moulée sur celle-ci, depuis son côté opposé à la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1), est réalisé un trou taraudé muni d'un filet intérieur,
    - la tête (10, 10.1) présente un tronçon de surface faisant office de première surface de butée (24), entourant de manière circulaire la tige filetée (11) ou le trou taraudé,
    - l'élément de fixation de rail (7) comporte, engagé sur la tige filetée (11) ou s'engageant, en peignant le filet en question, dans le taraudage de la tête (10, 10.1) et/ou sur la tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1), un élément de serrage (12, 12.1, 12.2), avec une saillie en débord vers l'extérieur pour s'appuyer sur au moins une jambe d'un ressort de maintien (22, 22.1) d'un rail et avec, moulé sur celui-ci en direction de la tête (10, 10.1), un tronçon de tige (15) avec une seconde surface de butée (26) orientée vers la tête (10, 10.1) correspondant à la première surface de butée (24) et
    - entre les deux surfaces de butée (24, 26) se trouve une rondelle de sécurité ou un assemblage de rondelles de sécurité (16, 16.1), qui s'appuie sur les surfaces de butée (24, 26) afin de provoquer un blocage contre le dévissage de l'élément de serrage (12, 12.1, 12.2)
  2. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que une rondelle de sécurité exerçant une tension préalable sur les surfaces de butée, par exemple une rondelle ressort ou une rondelle dentée, est intercalée entre les surfaces de butée.
  3. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que une paire de rondelles de sécurité autobloquantes (16, 16.1) est intercalée entre les surfaces de butée (24, 26).
  4. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que une rondelle de sécurité autobloquante est intercalée, en tant que rondelle de sécurité, entre les surfaces de butée, qui s'appuie, par ses crans radiaux sur les surfaces de butée mises à disposition par la tête, et la surface de butée (26.1) de l'élément de serrage (12.1) comporte des crans de calage complémentaires, et la rondelle de sécurité autobloquante intercalée s'appuie avec ses crans de calage contre les crans de calage complémentaires de la surface de butée (26.1) de l'élément de serrage (12.1).
  5. Élément de fixation de rail selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que un élément de blocage en rotation (D, D'), qui présente au moins une surface agissant conjointement avec au moins une surface extérieure de la tête (10, 10.1) afin de bloquer la tête (10, 10.1) en rotation, est affecté à l'élément de fixation de rail (7).
  6. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage en rotation (D, D') présente une surface de contact, afin de mettre en contact un rail (1) à maintenir par l'élément de fixation de rail (7).
  7. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage en rotation (D, D') présente un logement (18) afin de recevoir de façon solidaire en rotation la tête (10, 10.1) de l'élément de fixation de rail (7).
  8. Élément de fixation de rail selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage en rotation (D, D') présente sur le haut, un ou plusieurs surmoulages pour recevoir un ou plusieurs tronçons du ressort de maintien (22).
  9. Élément de fixation de rail selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le logement (18) de l'élément de blocage en rotation (D, D') est conformé sur le haut, du moins partiellement, de manière à recouvrir la tête (10, 10.1) de l'élément de fixation de rail (7).
  10. Agencement de fixation de rail comportant un élément de fixation de rail (7) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 et une traverse (2, 2.1), faisant office de support pour un rail (1) ainsi qu'un support de fixation pour l'élément de fixation de rail (7), pour lequel agencement (3, 3.1, 3.2) la tête (10, 10.1) de l'élément de fixation de rail (7) comporte un trou réalisé dans la traverse (2, 2.1), dans lequel s'engage et est fixée une tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1), qui est en saillie et serrée contre la partie supérieure (6, 6.1) de la traverse (2, 2.1).
  11. Agencement de fixation de rail selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la traverse (2, 2.1) est une pièce préfabriquée en béton, comportant une cheville, notamment une cheville en plastique, engagée dans chacun des trous percés destinés à recevoir une tige d'ancrage (9, 9.1).
EP13773201.2A 2013-09-26 2013-09-26 Élément de fixation de rail et système équipé d'un tel élément de fixation de rail Not-in-force EP3049572B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/070109 WO2015043643A1 (fr) 2013-09-26 2013-09-26 Élément de fixation de rail et système équipé d'un tel élément de fixation de rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3049572A1 EP3049572A1 (fr) 2016-08-03
EP3049572B1 true EP3049572B1 (fr) 2017-03-29

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US (1) US9879383B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3049572B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3049572T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015043643A1 (fr)

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WO2015043643A1 (fr) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-02 Heico Befestigungstechnik Gmbh Élément de fixation de rail et système équipé d'un tel élément de fixation de rail

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US20160230351A1 (en) 2016-08-11
PL3049572T3 (pl) 2017-09-29
EP3049572A1 (fr) 2016-08-03
WO2015043643A1 (fr) 2015-04-02
US9879383B2 (en) 2018-01-30

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