EP3039356B1 - Vorrichtung mit granulatbefüllung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung mit granulatbefüllung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3039356B1
EP3039356B1 EP14749853.9A EP14749853A EP3039356B1 EP 3039356 B1 EP3039356 B1 EP 3039356B1 EP 14749853 A EP14749853 A EP 14749853A EP 3039356 B1 EP3039356 B1 EP 3039356B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
granulate
fluid
refrigerant
collector
absorbed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14749853.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3039356A1 (de
Inventor
Uwe FÖRSTER
Martin Kaspar
Sabine BITZER
Roger Gorges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3039356A1 publication Critical patent/EP3039356A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3039356B1 publication Critical patent/EP3039356B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/003—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/044—Condensers with an integrated receiver
    • F25B2339/0441—Condensers with an integrated receiver containing a drier or a filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05375—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0063—Condensers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the device being in fluid communication with the refrigerant circuit via the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, the device having granules through which a quantity of fluid from the refrigerant can be absorbed.
  • condensers In refrigerant circuits of air conditioning systems for motor vehicles, condensers are used in order to cool the refrigerant to the condensation temperature and to condense the refrigerant. Condensers regularly have a collector in which a volume of refrigerant is stored in order to compensate for volume fluctuations in the refrigerant circuit and to achieve stable subcooling of the refrigerant.
  • the means for drying is usually formed by a granulate.
  • the granules take up a volume fraction of the receiver or the condenser, which reduces the filling volume for the refrigerant.
  • the installation space available for the condenser or the collector within the motor vehicle is constantly decreasing, so that the overall internal volume of the condenser or the collector that has to be realized must also be constantly reduced.
  • a particular disadvantage of the solutions in the prior art is that the capacity of the condenser or collector for refrigerant is constantly decreasing due to the arrangement of granules for drying the refrigerant and the ever smaller dimensions of the condenser or collector. This leads to a low temperature stability in the condenser and thus to a negative influence on the refrigerant circuit.
  • it is disadvantageous that, due to customer requirements, an ever greater fluid absorption capacity is required for the granules contained in the condenser or in the collector.
  • the U.S. 5,813,249 A discloses a condenser having a header with a dryer material disposed in the header.
  • the condenser has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the condenser being able to be brought into fluid communication with a refrigerant circuit, the collector having granules for drying the refrigerant.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.
  • a calculation of the granules contained in the device according to the formula given above is particularly advantageous, since in this way the quantity of granules is calculated on the basis of the quantity of fluid to be taken up in the refrigerant circuit or in the condenser.
  • the amount of fluid that can be absorbed per gram of granulate WA is in a range from 0.2 to 0.3, preferably in a range from 0.23 to 0.25.
  • An absorbable amount of fluid per gram of granulate in the range specified above is particularly advantageous since the largest possible amount of fluid can be absorbed with the smallest possible total volume of granulate. This results in advantages with regard to the installation space required for the device or a collector which is connected to the device and contains the granules.
  • Such a formula makes it easy to calculate the volume of the granulate contained in the device.
  • the volume contained is directly dependent on the amount of fluid to be accommodated within the device.
  • the volume of the granules contained in the device in relation to the total amount of fluid that can be absorbed by the granules is in a range from 4.4 cm 3 /g to 7 cm 3 /g and preferably in a range from 4. 7 cc/g to 6.2 cc/g, preferably about 6 cc /g.
  • Such a ratio of the contained volume of the granules to the total amount of fluid that can be absorbed by the granules is particularly advantageous since the volume required can be kept relatively small compared to conventional granules, which regularly require a larger volume per fluid quantity that can be absorbed.
  • the fluid absorbed by the granules is water.
  • the water contained in the refrigerant or washed along with it is bound by the granules. This removes water from the refrigerant and dries the refrigerant.
  • the device has a collector, the collector being arranged in a region of the device which marks the transition from majority liquid refrigerant forms majority liquid subcooled refrigerant, wherein the collector comprises the granules.
  • a collector is particularly advantageous in order to clean the refrigerant, to provide volume storage, through which fluctuations in the refrigerant volume within the refrigerant circuit can be compensated, and to carry out drying of the refrigerant.
  • the drying is based in particular on the removal of water from the refrigerant, for example through a granulate.
  • a collector preferably represents a unit connected to the device, which is in fluid communication with the refrigerant circuit inside the condenser.
  • the fluid transfer from the device into the collector is preferably arranged in an area which is downstream of the condensation section of the condenser in the direction of flow and upstream of the supercooling section in the direction of flow.
  • the fluid transfer from the collector into the device is advantageously also in the direction of flow after the condensation section and before the supercooling section of the condenser, but in the direction of flow after the fluid transfer into the collector.
  • the granules are held in the device and/or in the collector by a receiving structure, the receiving structure preventing the granules from being washed out.
  • the granules can be held together, for example, by a net-like material in such a way that the refrigerant can flow through the net-like material and past the granules.
  • the net-like material primarily serves to fix the granules in the device or in the collector, in order to prevent the granules from being washed out.
  • the granules can, for example, also be arranged in a dryer cartridge through which flow can take place, which can be serviced and replaced in a simple manner.
  • the granules have a binder-free structure.
  • a binder-free structure is particularly advantageous since binders generally have no or only a very limited ability to absorb and bind a fluid, such as water, for example. Due to the binder-free structure, the volume portion normally occupied by the binder can be filled by the granulate. In this way, the overall fluid absorption capacity of the granules is increased, as a result of which a larger quantity of fluid can be absorbed with the same volume compared to granules containing binder.
  • the device and/or the collector have means for filtering the refrigerant.
  • the granules contained in the device and/or in the collector are binder-free zeolite granules with a faujasite structure.
  • a binder-free zeolitic granulate is particularly advantageous in order to be able to absorb the largest possible amount of fluid with the smallest possible volume of the granulate.
  • Zeolites generally belong to a class of crystalline aluminosilicates. The synthetic zeolites in particular are of economic importance here. Zeolites with a faujasite structure are divided into two classes. Zeolites with a molar SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio greater than 3.0 are referred to as Y zeolites. Zeolites with a molar SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio of less than 3.0 are referred to as X zeolites.
  • a zeolite with a molar SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio greater than 3.0 and an average diameter of the granulate moldings greater than 400 ⁇ m is particularly advantageous here.
  • the average transport pore diameter is advantageously greater than 150 nm, the mesopore content of the zeolite being below 15%, preferably below 10%.
  • binder-free granules with comparable structures and properties can also be used in the device, in the collector or in the condenser.
  • the device is a condenser, in particular for condensing a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit of a motor vehicle.
  • the device is an accumulator, in particular for storing a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit of a motor vehicle.
  • the device is a combined unit made up of a plurality of units, such as in particular a capacitor with an accumulator.
  • the device according to the invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment as a capacitor. However, this is not considered restrictive, and the device according to the invention can also be an accumulator or a combined unit, for example made up of a capacitor and an accumulator, or some other device.
  • the 1 shows a perspective view of a condenser 1 in a tube-fin construction.
  • the condenser 1 is formed from a plurality of tubes 5 running parallel to one another, each of which is accommodated at the end in a first header tube 2 and a second header tube 3 .
  • the tubes 5 are connected to the headers 2, 3 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • a fluid inlet 6 is arranged in the upper area of the left collecting pipe 2 and a fluid outlet 7 is arranged in the lower area of the collecting pipe 2.
  • the condenser 1 is in fluid communication with a refrigerant circuit, for example of a motor vehicle, via the fluid inlet 6 and the fluid outlet 7.
  • a collector 4 is arranged on the outer periphery of the collecting pipe 3 .
  • This collector 4 is essentially formed by a cylindrical tube which is closed at its upper and lower ends. Means for filtering and drying as well as storing the coolant flowing through the condenser 1 are provided in this collector 4 .
  • the collector 4 is connected to the collector pipe 3 in the area which is identified by the reference number 8 . In this area 8 , the coolant also transfers from the collector pipe 3 into the collector 4 and from the collector 4 back into the collector pipe 3 .
  • the fluid transfer into the collector 4 is separated from the region of the fluid transfer from the collector 4 by a partition in the collector pipe 3 .
  • the refrigerant is dried by a granulate arranged in the collector 4, with water essentially being removed from it.
  • a means for filtering the refrigerant can be provided in the collector 4, which removes dirt particles that have been washed away from the refrigerant.
  • the interior volume of the collector 4 forms a storage space, which is designed to store a defined quantity of refrigerant.
  • the liquid phase of the refrigerant is further separated from the gaseous phase.
  • the gaseous phase of the refrigerant preferably collects in the upper area of the collector 4.
  • the refrigerant finally flows from the collector 4 into a lower area of the collector pipe 3 and from there through the tubes 5 lying below into a lower region of the collecting tube 2. From there, the refrigerant flows out of the condenser via the fluid outlet 7.
  • the condenser shown represents an exemplary embodiment of a condenser with a laterally arranged collector 4 in tube-fin construction.
  • the number of partitions provided in the collector tubes 2, 3 can vary, as can the arrangement and position of the collector 4 on the condenser 1 .
  • the granules which are used to dry the refrigerant, are arranged inside the collector 4 .
  • designs can also be provided in which the granules are arranged in one of the collecting tubes or in another section of the condenser or of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the granules can be accommodated in the interior of the collector 4, for example by a fabric material, as a result of which the granules can be prevented from being washed out of the collector 4 unintentionally.
  • the granulate can be accommodated in a tubular solid body, for example, which allows fluid communication between the interior and the exterior of the solid body via bores.
  • the part of the collector 4 that contains the granulate or the means for filtering can be exchanged in a simple manner.
  • a screw connection can be provided between what is known as a dryer cartridge and a receptacle, or a bayonet lock.
  • a capacitor with a stacked-plate design can also be provided for the condenser shown in tube-fin design.
  • a capacitor in stacked disk design is characterized in particular by the fact that the individual flow channels and collecting areas inside the condenser are formed by stacking several disc elements. The stack of disks forms the capacitor. Advantageous fluid routing within the condenser can be achieved by skillfully designing the individual disc elements.
  • Various examples of the construction of a capacitor in a stacked disk design are known from the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
EP14749853.9A 2013-08-27 2014-08-11 Vorrichtung mit granulatbefüllung Active EP3039356B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013217072.6A DE102013217072A1 (de) 2013-08-27 2013-08-27 Kondensator
PCT/EP2014/067182 WO2015028298A1 (de) 2013-08-27 2014-08-11 Vorrichtung mit granulatbefüllung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3039356A1 EP3039356A1 (de) 2016-07-06
EP3039356B1 true EP3039356B1 (de) 2022-05-11

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EP14749853.9A Active EP3039356B1 (de) 2013-08-27 2014-08-11 Vorrichtung mit granulatbefüllung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20160169567A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP3039356B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2016535234A (ja)
CN (1) CN105473959A (ja)
DE (1) DE102013217072A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2015028298A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106679222A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-17 广东志高空调有限公司 一种空调器简易换热装置及其工作方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US5813249A (en) * 1995-07-18 1998-09-29 Denso Corporation Refrigeration cycle
US20020083732A1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 Incorvia Samuel A. Self-retaining elongated adsorbent unit
US20060070724A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Integrated receiver dryer sleeve
US20070004591A1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2007-01-04 Keiji Itabashi Adsorbing agent comprising zeolite for heat pump and method for preparation thereof and use thereof
US20120256120A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Ludivine Bouvier Process for Reducing the Total Acidity of Refrigerating Compositions
DE102012010109A1 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Chemiewerk Bad Köstritz GmbH Bindemittelfreies zeolithisches Granulat mit Faujasitstruktur und Verfahren zurHerstellung eines derartigen bindemittelfreien zeolithischen Granulats nebst Verwendung

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DE3312875A1 (de) * 1983-04-11 1984-11-22 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum betrieb einer anlage zur erzeugung von nutzwaerme und/oder nutzkaelte und anlage zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US5813249A (en) * 1995-07-18 1998-09-29 Denso Corporation Refrigeration cycle
US20020083732A1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-04 Incorvia Samuel A. Self-retaining elongated adsorbent unit
US20070004591A1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2007-01-04 Keiji Itabashi Adsorbing agent comprising zeolite for heat pump and method for preparation thereof and use thereof
US20060070724A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-06 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Integrated receiver dryer sleeve
US20120256120A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Ludivine Bouvier Process for Reducing the Total Acidity of Refrigerating Compositions
DE102012010109A1 (de) * 2011-05-25 2012-11-29 Chemiewerk Bad Köstritz GmbH Bindemittelfreies zeolithisches Granulat mit Faujasitstruktur und Verfahren zurHerstellung eines derartigen bindemittelfreien zeolithischen Granulats nebst Verwendung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015028298A1 (de) 2015-03-05
DE102013217072A1 (de) 2015-03-05
JP2016535234A (ja) 2016-11-10
EP3039356A1 (de) 2016-07-06
CN105473959A (zh) 2016-04-06
US20160169567A1 (en) 2016-06-16

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