EP3018772B1 - Mehrschicht-kohlebürste und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen - Google Patents

Mehrschicht-kohlebürste und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3018772B1
EP3018772B1 EP15192874.4A EP15192874A EP3018772B1 EP 3018772 B1 EP3018772 B1 EP 3018772B1 EP 15192874 A EP15192874 A EP 15192874A EP 3018772 B1 EP3018772 B1 EP 3018772B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boron nitride
layer
bonding agent
mixture
carbon brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15192874.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3018772A1 (de
Inventor
Rainer Sperling
Klaus-Georg Tontsch
Stefan Günther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3018772A1 publication Critical patent/EP3018772A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3018772B1 publication Critical patent/EP3018772B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-layer carbon brush with at least two functional layers of electrically conductive material, such as carbon material, and at least one existing between these insulating layer of electrically insulating material. Also, the invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layer carbon brush with at least two functional layers of electrically conductive material, such as carbon material, and at least one insulating layer of electrically insulating material extending between successive functional layers, wherein the layer of electrically conductive material or a this material containing the filler and the electrically insulating material are introduced into a mold in an order corresponding to the course of the layer of the multilayer carbon brush to be produced, then pressed and subsequently heat-treated.
  • a multi-layer carbon brush which has a plurality of electrically insulating glued together functional layers of particular carbon material.
  • the electrically insulating bond is an insulating layer.
  • multi-layer carbon brush carbon brushes known in which the layers are each electrically conductive, but optionally have different mechanical properties.
  • a corresponding carbon brush is the DE 91 06 977 U1 refer to.
  • the various layers - also called zones - which have different material compositions can be formed by successively introducing two starting layers with different material compositions into a mold before pressing the carbon brushes together and pressing them together. In this case, one zone may have a higher copper content than the other.
  • a designated as multilayer sliding contact carbon brush after the DE 44 30 745 A1 has layers, each consisting of conductive powder.
  • two conductive powders are simultaneously introduced into a mold in order to carry out a heat treatment after a compression step.
  • additional layers can be formed by supplying electrically conductive powder to the mold in succession.
  • a method for producing a laminate of carbon is the DE 33 07 090 A1 refer to.
  • sheets of a thermoplastic material are placed by pressing and heat treatment between stackable carbon layers, such as carbon fiber felt layers, to be exposed to desired pressures and temperatures.
  • the DE 199 02 938 A1 refers to a carbon brush, which consists of sections of different compositions.
  • the carbon brush is produced in a pressing process.
  • a starter carbon brush which consists of a first layer of a low-resistance material and an edge layer of a high-resistance material, which terminates from the running surface of the carbon brush at a distance from the opposite rear side surface.
  • the first and second layers are made together in a mold by filling powder into them, pressing, and then sintering.
  • Multilayer carbon brushes which consist of Kohleriegeln and running between these insulating layers are often used for smaller reversible motors such.
  • the insulating layer may consist of a film or of insulating adhesive or synthetic resin, one or more powder resins. Due to the higher transverse resistance, the current flowing between the two blades of a commutator covered by the carbon brush is reduced, thus improving the commutation.
  • the known multilayer carbon brushes of the type described above are usually produced in such a way that initially temperature-treated carbon plates are aligned with one another in order to then introduce a film between them. Then there is a mechanical processing, a custom machining and introduction of the ropes or strands.
  • a carbon brush which consists of a low-resistance layer and a high-resistance layer.
  • the latter consists of carbon material, binder and boron nitride.
  • Subject of the DE 195 49 195 A1 is a carbon brush for electric motors, which may be mixed as a lubricant molybdenum sulfide or boron nitride.
  • a corresponding carbon brush is also the EP 1 662 638 A1 refer to.
  • a multilayer carbon brush and a method for their preparation of the type mentioned is the EP 1 481 449 B1 refer to.
  • powder materials are layered in a mold, pressed and then heat treated.
  • powder materials come for the electric conductive functional layers mixtures of natural graphite, synthetic graphite, resin in question.
  • insulating materials phenolic resin powders are proposed.
  • the present invention is based on the object, a multi-layer carbon brush of the type mentioned in such a way that the insulating layer consisting of electrically insulating material has a desired uniform thickness over the entire height or length of the carbon brush. Also, a method is to be provided, with which the materials used to make the insulating layer are sufficiently flowable, so that introduced to form the electrically insulating layers in the mold, which is used for the production of the carbon brush, a good filling material can be so that the insulating layer of the finished carbon brush has the desired uniform thickness.
  • a multi-layer carbon brush of the type mentioned is proposed, which is characterized essentially by the fact that the electrically insulating material consists of a mixture of binder and boron nitride.
  • the binder is a resin, in particular phenolic resin.
  • pitch or a mixture of resin and pitch come into question.
  • the boron nitride is in particular boron nitride in the graphite-like hexagonal modification, which has good lubricant properties.
  • hexagonal boron nitride is to be specified as being particularly preferred, cubic boron nitride may optionally also be used.
  • a fine-grained mixture consisting of a binder, in particular phenolic resin, and boron nitride, or a granulate consisting of these materials, is sufficiently flowable, so that a shape in which the carbon brush is produced to the desired extent and evenly filled in height.
  • the insulating layer is formed from a compressed granules of a homogenized mixture, which consists of binder, in particular phenolic resin, and boron nitride, in particular hexagonal boron nitride, or contains.
  • the invention is also characterized by a multi-layer carbon brush with at least two functional layers of electrically conductive material, such as carbon material, and at least one existing between them insulating layer of electrically insulating material, wherein the insulating layer consists of a compressed granules of a homogenized mixture, the Binder and boron nitride is.
  • the granules consist of grains of an average diameter between 1 .mu.m and 300 .mu.m.
  • the binder should be finer grained than the boron nitride, wherein for the binder 45 microns ⁇ d 90 ⁇ 50 microns, 15 microns ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 20 microns and 1 micron ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 microns should apply.
  • the mixture to be introduced into the mold is sufficiently fluid, on the one hand, when 3 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 40 ⁇ m and on the other hand if 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m and 170 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 220 ⁇ m.
  • the invention is therefore also characterized by a multi-layer carbon brush with at least two functional layers of electrically conductive material, such as carbon material, and at least one existing between these insulating layer of electrically insulating material, wherein the insulating layer consists of a compressed granules of a homogenized mixture, the consisting of binder and boron nitride or binder and boron nitride, wherein the granules of grains having an average diameter between 1 .mu.m and 350 .mu.m, wherein in particular the boron nitride is in granular form and grain size values on the one hand 3 microns ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 microns and 30 microns ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 40 ⁇ m or, on the other hand, 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m and 170 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 220 ⁇ m and the grain size values for the binder are 1 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10
  • Powder form means that the starting product has a starting grain without the additional method of grain size change apply, as is the case in the production of granules, wherein in the manufacture of the granules in particular degrading processes are used as pressing and grinding.
  • the insulating layer is composed such that the proportion of the binder, in particular the phenolic resin, behaves to the proportion of boron nitride such as 2: 1 to 0.8: 1.
  • the binder which is, as mentioned, a resin and / or pitch, should have a maximum weight fraction of 60% by weight and a minimum weight fraction of 20% by weight of the electrically insulating material.
  • the weight ratios of boron nitride: binder should be 65% by weight: 35% by weight or 50% by weight: 50% by weight. In both ratio ranges, a flowable mixture is obtained which meets the requirements for producing an insulating layer.
  • a method for producing a multi-layer carbon brush is characterized in that as the electrically insulating material, a fine-grained powder and / or granules of a homogenized mixture is introduced into the mold, wherein the fine-grained powder or granules consists of a binder and boron nitride or contains a binder and boron nitride.
  • the binder should be phenolic resin and the boron tride hexagonal boron nitride.
  • the mixture does not contain carbon material.
  • the carbon material present in the binder is disregarded.
  • boron nitride that is to say in particular the hexagonal boron nitride, and binder powder are likewise preferred Phenolic resin powder, are homogenized and then, for example, by a constructive process, in particular fluidized bed process, the granules is produced.
  • a degrading process can also be used.
  • one or more bodies are first prepared by pressing from the homogenized mixture of the particular hexagonal boron nitride powder and the binder, such as phenolic resin, to then produce the granules of desired particle size, in particular by grinding the body or bodies.
  • the binder such as phenolic resin
  • cubic boron nitride could possibly also be used, although hexagonal boron nitride is particularly suitable and should be emphasized, which is used as constituent for the electrically insulating material together with a binder such as resin and / or pitch.
  • the invention is therefore also characterized by a method for producing a multi-layer carbon brush with at least two functional layers of electrically conductive material, such as carbon material, and at least one insulating layer of electrically insulating material extending between successive functional layers, wherein the electrically conductive material in layers or a material containing the electrical conductive material as a filler and the electrically insulating material in a sequence corresponding to the course of the multilayer carbon brush to be produced, then pressed and then heat treated, wherein as the electrically insulating material, a granulate consisting of a binder and boron nitride or Binder nitride and boron nitride is introduced into the mold, wherein previously boron nitride powder and binder powder are homogenized and either from so prepared mixture by a building process or mixture thus prepared is compressed to one or more bodies and then in a degrading process from the or the granules are produced to the bodies.
  • electrically conductive material such as carbon material
  • the binder powder used is in particular a powder having a particle size distribution of 1 to 100 ⁇ m. These values apply in particular to phenolic resin powders.
  • boron nitride powder one having a grain size distribution of 1 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m can be used.
  • the binder should have a particle size of 1 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and / or 15 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m and / or 45 ⁇ m ⁇ d 90 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, in particular 1 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m and 45 ⁇ m ⁇ d 90 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
  • the pregranulated boron nitride has a particle size of 3 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and / or 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 40 ⁇ m, in particular 3 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 40 ⁇ m, or the pregranulated boron nitride has a particle size of 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m and / or 170 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 220 ⁇ m, in particular 30 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m and 170 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 220 ⁇ m.
  • d 10 , d 50 or d 90 means that 10%, 50% or 90% of the particles present are smaller than the specified value for the diameter.
  • Pre-granulated means that the starting product is in granular form. Then, from the pre-granules and the binder, it is preferable to prepare the mixture by the above-described procedures, which is filled in the mold for producing the carbon brush.
  • the mixture can be prepared by an anabolic, but in particular by a degrading process.
  • the mixture of boron nitride and binder should be homogenized at room temperature.
  • the binder powder is mixed with the boron nitride powder in the ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 0.8, wherein preferably the proportion of phenolic resin powder can be equal to that of the boron nitride powder.
  • the proportions in each case relate to the weight of the mixture.
  • a mixture with 50 wt .-% boron nitride and 50 wt .-% of binder, in particular phenolic resin, is used.
  • binder such as phenolic resin powder and 65% by weight of boron nitride are mixed.
  • a resin is preferably used as the binder, it is also possible to completely or partially replace the resin by pitch.
  • the granules used according to the invention which are used for the insulating layer, can preferably be produced by the following methods.
  • an alternative hexagonal boron nitride and phenolic resin can be homogenized and the mixture thus produced is compressed and then roughly mined by crushing.
  • pre-granulated boron nitride and phenolic resin powder can be mixed. The relevant mixture is then used to produce the insulating layer. It is provided in particular that the pre-granulated boron nitride is coarse-grained than the phenolic resin.
  • the mean diameter of the boron nitride between 30 .mu.m and 50 .mu.m may be, wherein 3 microns ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 microns and 30 microns ⁇ d ⁇ 90 should be 40 microns.
  • the phenolic resin powder should have a particle size distribution of 1 ⁇ m ⁇ d 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and / or 5 ⁇ m ⁇ d 50 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m and / or 45 ⁇ m ⁇ d 90 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, wherein preferably all three value ranges should be fulfilled.
  • the electrically conductive material used is preferably a mixture of natural graphite and synthetic graphite. Based on its total weight fraction, about 25% by weight of resin, such as phenolic resin, and about 40% by weight of pitch can then be added to exemplify numerical values. h., a total of 100 weight units of natural graphite and synthetic graphite, 25 weight units of resin and 40 weight units of pitch, the latter based on the 100 weight units.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layer carbon brush.
  • a multilayer carbon brush is understood to be one in which a functional layer of carbon material or an insulating layer which contains two electrically conductive material layers, also referred to as a carbon barrier, runs.
  • the teaching according to the invention comprises the production of multi-layer carbon brushes with two or more functional layers.
  • Fig. 1 is purely in principle a multi-layer carbon brush 10 with three carbon bars 12, 14, 16 shown, which are electrically isolated from each other via insulating layers 18.
  • the carbon bars 12, 14, 16 and the insulating layers 18 are perpendicular to the tread 20 of the carbon brush. From the running surface 20 opposite surface 22 is a tamping contact 24 with rope or stranded wire 26 from.
  • a tamping contact 24 with rope or stranded wire 26 from.
  • the materials forming the individual layers 12, 14, 16, 18 be introduced successively in the desired layer sequence into a die 28 of a pressing device 30.
  • a punch 32 is adjustably arranged to fill the die 28 with various materials to the desired extent. After filling the respective material forming a layer, excess material is removed by means of a slide 34. Then there is a pre-compression of the introduced material - after each filling of the material of each layer.
  • the desired materials - on the one hand from carbon and on the other hand electrically insulating material - have been introduced and after each introduction of the material for a layer precompressed, after filling the space of the die 28 with the material for the top layer performed a final compaction. Pre-compression and final compression takes place via a stamp 36.
  • the cross section of the die 28 is such that a multi-layer plate 38 results, which is divided after removal from the die 28 and heat treatment in the usual way in sections 40, 42, 44, the dimensions of which the produced multilayer Carbon brushes correspond. Then, a custom machining of the sections 40, 42, 44 and insertion of the rope in the usual manner.
  • plate 38 consists of the existing carbon material functional layers 46, 48, between which the existing electrically insulating material layer 50 extends, which has been prepared from a homogenized granular mixture of phenolic resin and hexagonal boron nitride.
  • the proportion by weight of phenolic resin should be between 60% and 30% and that of boron nitride between 40% and 70%.
  • the boron nitride is in particular hexagonal boron nitride, although cubic boron nitride could also be used.
  • the thickness of the layer 50 consisting of the electrically insulating material may be in the range between 30 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m, in particular in the range between 100 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m. Accordingly, the average diameters of the granules forming grains should be selected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
EP15192874.4A 2014-11-05 2015-11-04 Mehrschicht-kohlebürste und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen Active EP3018772B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014116114.9A DE102014116114A1 (de) 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Mehrschicht-Kohlebürste und Herstellung einer solchen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3018772A1 EP3018772A1 (de) 2016-05-11
EP3018772B1 true EP3018772B1 (de) 2017-04-05

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EP15192874.4A Active EP3018772B1 (de) 2014-11-05 2015-11-04 Mehrschicht-kohlebürste und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP3018772B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2016103473A (zh)
KR (1) KR101756636B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105576471B (zh)
DE (1) DE102014116114A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021107839A1 (de) 2021-03-29 2022-09-29 Metabowerke Gmbh Schichtkohlebürste für einen Elektromotor

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016211290B4 (de) * 2016-06-08 2018-07-19 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Pressformkörpers
US20180026498A1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Siemens Energy, Inc. Shaft grounding system
CN109742632A (zh) * 2019-01-03 2019-05-10 上海东洋炭素有限公司 一种树脂电刷及其制备方法
CN111497313B (zh) * 2020-04-29 2021-10-08 威海新光电碳制品有限公司 一种双层料粉压制方法及双层混合动力压机

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021107839A1 (de) 2021-03-29 2022-09-29 Metabowerke Gmbh Schichtkohlebürste für einen Elektromotor
WO2022207591A1 (de) 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 Metabowerke Gmbh Schichtkohlebürste für einen elektromotor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3018772A1 (de) 2016-05-11
DE102014116114A1 (de) 2016-05-12
CN105576471A (zh) 2016-05-11
KR101756636B1 (ko) 2017-07-11
JP2016103473A (ja) 2016-06-02
CN105576471B (zh) 2019-03-19
KR20160053813A (ko) 2016-05-13

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