EP3002542B1 - Device for controlled spall forming by means of temperature-activated notch loads - Google Patents

Device for controlled spall forming by means of temperature-activated notch loads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3002542B1
EP3002542B1 EP15002816.5A EP15002816A EP3002542B1 EP 3002542 B1 EP3002542 B1 EP 3002542B1 EP 15002816 A EP15002816 A EP 15002816A EP 3002542 B1 EP3002542 B1 EP 3002542B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
notch
charge
warhead
warhead according
casing
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EP15002816.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3002542A1 (en
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Markus Graswald
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges

Definitions

  • the size and shape of the fragments depends in addition to the explosive charge and its ignition essentially from the L / D ratio of the warhead and the material properties of the warhead casing. These are the wall thickness and quasi-static properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at break.
  • the stresses occurring as a result of the expansion of the sheath in the circumferential direction lead to typical shear fractures.
  • the shell splits can be very long and can extend over the entire length of the warhead casing.
  • the subject of the present invention is therefore a device which allows a controlled splinter formation even at the pressures occurring in the smallest output mode.
  • the splinter masses can be significantly reduced and at the same time the fragment density can be increased.
  • both the effect against military targets at close range can be improved and at the same time collateral damage areas reduced.
  • the design of a deflagrator is specified depending on various performance characteristics such as dimensions and containment. In this case, comparatively large and heavy shell splinters can occur in the smallest active mode.
  • metals such as e.g. Steels high strength and brittle properties (low yield strength and elongation at break) and / or convex curved shell shapes already leads to smaller splinters. This is because then the decomposition in the axial direction works better.
  • Ring inserts are described here, which disassemble the detonative reaction with a shaped charge effect, the outer shell. It should be noted that the effect of deflagrative / subdetonative conversion to none Hollow charge effect leads, since the deflagrative reaction mechanism does not produce a shock front with high pressures.
  • a warhead according to claim 1 is proposed.
  • the quasistatic pressures that occur during deflagration depend on the rates of energy dissipation compared to energy production. This also plays the damming of the warhead through its shell and eventual
  • Lid design measures for venting and the output temperature of the explosive charge of the warhead and its surroundings a role.
  • the apparatus proposed in the context of the invention is intended to significantly improve the axial disassembly of the casing into shorter and, as a whole, lighter splinters.
  • notch charges also known as explosive notches, cutting charges or linear shaped charges
  • notch charges are proposed which are located on the inside of the envelope.
  • the sheath in the affected areas is significantly weakened and / or penetrated, so that smaller fragments can form as a result. Examples of possible cross sections of the notch charges are in FIG. 1 indicated, but these are not necessarily limited thereto.
  • the aforementioned Kerbladonne be made temperature-activated. It is exploited that a multi-phase reaction zone consisting of flame and pressure front, as typically occurs in a combustion or deflagration reaction leads to high temperatures of several 1000 K.
  • the Kerbladisme be carried out so that a thermally activated ignition charge due to the ongoing reaction increases the pressure locally and ultimately leads to a shock-initiated, independent reaction in the Kerbladung after a dependent of the explosive and initiation pressure starting route. As soon as this detonation front strikes the end of the notch charge facing the shell, it collapses and leads to a local weakening of the shell in the form of a notch effect.
  • the notch may also be made of an insert made of a metal, plastic or any other inert material. In addition, reactive deposits are possible.
  • the device can be dammed with an inert material.
  • a clever combination of the explosive of the notch charge and its containment can lead to the omission of an ignition charge.
  • the device may be surrounded by a single or multiple layers of inert damping material having shock-absorbing properties to avoid undesirable sympathetic initiation of the explosive charge. This in turn helps to improve the IM properties in thermal stimuli.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section of the notch charge (3) with ignition charge (4), damping and damping layers (5,6), which is arranged in front of an outer shell (1) and embedded in a main charge (2).
  • These kerf charges may ultimately be arranged axially, transversely and / or obliquely to the warhead axis individually or a plurality of parallel and / or intersecting layers to produce chips of a desired size and mass. Examples of such arrangements are in FIG. 3 to find, which are represented on a cylindrical warhead. In addition, however, any other shapes, such as convex-shaped warheads, as are typically used in bombs, artillery and mortars, possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

1. Technisches Problem1. Technical problem

Aktuelle und vermutlich auch künftige Einsatzszenarien erfordern grundsätzlich eine hohe Flexibilität beim Einsatz von Flugkörpern, Geschossen und Bomben, sofern diese gegen Ziele am Boden oder in Bodennähe eingesetzt werden sollen und sich insbesondere in einem urbanen Umfeld befinden können.Current and presumably future deployment scenarios generally require a high degree of flexibility in the use of missiles, projectiles and bombs, if they are to be used against targets on the ground or near the ground and, in particular, in an urban environment.

Hierfür wurden u.a. Wirksystemkonzepte vorgeschlagen, in denen mit Hilfe zweier Initiierungseinrichtungen zur kontrollierten Deflagration sowie zur klassischen Detonation der Sprengladung eine flexible Leistungssteuerung ermöglicht wird. Damit lassen sich verschiedene Wirkmodi realisieren, von der reinen Deflagration als kleinster Wirkung über zeitlich versetzte, kombinierte Reaktionsmechanismen als Zwischenwirkungen bis hin zur Detonation mit der größten Wirkung.For this purpose, i.a. Proposed effective system concepts in which with the help of two initiation devices for controlled deflagration and the classic detonation of the explosive charge a flexible power control is made possible. Thus, different modes of action can be realized, from the pure deflagration as the smallest effect to temporally offset, combined reaction mechanisms as intermediate effects up to the detonation with the greatest effect.

Bei subdetonativen Outputmodi, insbesondere im kleinsten Modus der Deflagration der Sprengladung, treten vergleichsweise große Splitter bei der Zerlegung der Hülle auf, was auf geringe quasistatische Drücke zurückzuführen ist. Daraus ergeben sich zwei Nachteile. Zum einen ist in diesen Fällen die Splitterdichte gering, so dass militärische Ziele, selbst wenn sie sich im Nahbereich befinden, nicht getroffen und beschädigt oder zerstört werden können. Zum anderen erhöhen große Splittermassen in Kombination mit kleinen Splittergeschwindigkeiten die Schadensbereiche des Gefechtskopfes, was insbesondere bei nicht kämpfenden / militärischen Personen und Objekten unerwünscht sein kann. Damit vergrößern sich die sogenannten Kollateralschadensbereiche.In subdetonative output modes, especially in the smallest mode of deflagration of the explosive charge, relatively large splinters occur during disassembly of the envelope, which is due to low quasi-static pressures. This results in two disadvantages. Firstly, in these cases, the fragmentation density is low, so that military targets, even if they are in the vicinity, can not be hit and damaged or destroyed. On the other hand, large splinter masses in combination with small splitter speeds increase the damage areas of the warhead, which may be undesirable, in particular in the case of non-combat / military persons and objects. This enlarges the so-called collateral damage areas.

Die Größe und Form der Splitter hängt neben der Sprengladung und dessen Anzündung im Wesentlichen vom L/D- Verhältnis des Gefechtskopfes und den Materialeigenschaften der Gefechtskopfhülle ab. Dies sind die Wandstärke und quasistatische Eigenschaften wie Zugfestigkeit, Streckgrenze und Bruchdehnung. Die infolge der Expansion der Hülle in Umfangsrichtung auftretenden Spannungen führen zu typischen Scherbrüchen. Insbesondere bei Metallen mit geringer Zugfestigkeit und duktilem Verhalten (hohe Streckgrenze und Bruchdehnung) und / oder zylindrischen Hüllen können die Hüllensplitter sehr lang sein und sich auch über die gesamte Länge der Gefechtskopfhülle erstrecken.The size and shape of the fragments depends in addition to the explosive charge and its ignition essentially from the L / D ratio of the warhead and the material properties of the warhead casing. These are the wall thickness and quasi-static properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and elongation at break. The stresses occurring as a result of the expansion of the sheath in the circumferential direction lead to typical shear fractures. Particularly in the case of metals with low tensile strength and ductile behavior (high yield strength and elongation at break) and / or cylindrical casings, the shell splits can be very long and can extend over the entire length of the warhead casing.

Passive Maßnahmen zur kontrollierten Splitterzerlegung wie die Schwächung der Gefechtskopfhülle und / oder zusätzliche inerte Einlagen zwischen Hülle und Sprengladung funktionieren nur bedingt. Hinzu kommt, dass solche Maßnahmen in Fällen nicht anwendbar sein können, in denen eine vorgegebene Hülle genutzt werden muss und / oder aus Kompatibilitätsgründen Änderungen von aerodynamischen Eigenschaften und / oder physikalischen Eigenschaften (wie Schwerpunkt, Massen und Trägheitsmomenten) der Hülle nicht möglich sind. Dies schließt praktisch die Anwendung derartig geschilderter passiver Maßnahmen von vornherein aus.Passive measures for controlled fragmentation such as the weakening of the warhead casing and / or additional inert deposits between casing and explosive charge are only partially effective. In addition, such measures may not be applicable in cases in which a given shell must be used and / or compatibility reasons, changes in aerodynamic properties and / or physical properties (such as center of gravity, masses and moments of inertia) of the shell are not possible. This virtually precludes the application of such described passive measures from the outset.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher eine Vorrichtung, die auch bei den im kleinsten Outputmodus auftretenden Drücken eine kontrollierte Splitterbildung ermöglicht. Damit können die Splittermassen signifikant reduziert und gleichzeitig die Splitterdichte erhöht werden. Dadurch lassen sowohl die Wirkung gegen militärische Ziele im Nahbereich verbessern als auch gleichzeitig Kollateralschadensbereiche reduzieren.The subject of the present invention is therefore a device which allows a controlled splinter formation even at the pressures occurring in the smallest output mode. Thus, the splinter masses can be significantly reduced and at the same time the fragment density can be increased. As a result, both the effect against military targets at close range can be improved and at the same time collateral damage areas reduced.

2. Stand der Technik2. State of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung baut z.T. auch auf bekannter Technik auf und / oder steht mit den nachfolgenden Patentschriften im Zusammenhang:

  • Es ist bekannt, verschiedene Vorrichtungen bei Gefechtsköpfen einzusetzen, um auch bei subdetonativen Outputs mit signifikant kleineren Drücken als bei einer Detonation die Gefechtskopf- oder Munitionshülle kontrolliert in Splitter einer gewünschten Größe und Masse zu zerlegen. Ein solcher Gefechtskopf ist aus der DE 29 41 480 A1 bekannt.
Passive Maßnahmen wie Kerben in der Außenhülle sind in Abhängigkeit von der Kerbtiefe und dem Hüllenmaterial nur bedingt erfolgreich, was sich in oftmals größeren Splittern als beabsichtigt äußert.Some of the present invention is also based on known technology and / or is related to the following patents:
  • It is known to use various devices in warheads, even at subdetonative outputs with significantly lower pressures than in a Detonation controls the warhead or ammo shell in pieces of a desired size and mass. Such a warhead is from the DE 29 41 480 A1 known.
Passive measures such as notches in the outer shell are depending on the notch depth and the shell material only partially successful, which manifests itself in often larger splinters than intended.

Passive Maßnahmen in Form von verschiedenen Einlagen zwischen Gefechtskopfhülle und Sprengladung wie Diamantmuster-Einlagen, Loch-Einlagen, und Kerbringen führen zu ähnlichen Schwierigkeiten bei der kontrollierten Zerlegung der Außenhülle. Allerdings funktionieren manche Einlagen derart gut, dass sie kleine, zusätzliche Splitter generieren, die die Wirkung insbesondere gegen weiche Ziele im Nahbereich verbessern können.Passive measures in the form of various deposits between warhead casing and explosive charge such as diamond pattern deposits, hole deposits, and Kerbringen lead to similar difficulties in the controlled disassembly of the outer shell. However, some deposits work so well that they generate small, extra splinters that can improve the effect especially against soft targets in the near range.

Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass eine gute Trennung der Splitter in Umfangsrichtung möglich ist, wie sie infolge der Expansion der Hülle auch bei geringen quasistatischen Drücken und Aufweitungsgeschwindigkeiten wie im kleinsten Wirkmodus auftreten können. Problematisch ist vor allem die Zerlegung in axialer Richtung, insbesondere bei unvorteilhaften Materialeigenschaften und Hüllenformen. Dies zeigt sich besonders an den Hüllenenden, wo typischerweise die Zerlegung schlechter funktioniert als in der Hüllenmitte mit größeren Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten und -drücken.Overall, it is found that a good separation of the splinters in the circumferential direction is possible, as they can occur as a result of the expansion of the shell even at low quasi-static pressures and expansion speeds as in the smallest mode of action. Especially problematic is the decomposition in the axial direction, especially with unfavorable material properties and shell shapes. This is especially evident at the sheath ends, where typically the disassembly works worse than in the sheath center with faster reaction rates and pressures.

DEDE 10 2013 011 404.710 2013 011 404.7 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Wirksvstems- Method and device for power control of a Wirksvstems

In dieser Patentanmeldung wird zum ersten Mal ein Verfahren zur Leistungssteuerung beschrieben, das im Gegensatz zu bisher bekannten Patenten die beiden Reaktionsmechanismen Deflagration und Detonation von der gleichen Seite einleitet. Die Vorrichtung lässt die konkrete Ausführung des Zündsystems offen.In this patent application, a power control method is described for the first time, which, in contrast to previously known patents, initiates the two reaction mechanisms deflagration and detonation from the same side. The device leaves the concrete design of the ignition system open.

DEDE 10 2023 011 786.010 2023 011 786.0 - Vorrichtung zur gesteuerten Initiierung der Deflagration einer Sprengladung- Device for the controlled initiation of the deflagration of an explosive charge

In dieser Anmeldung wird die Ausführung eines Deflagrators in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Wirkteileigenschaften wie Abmessungen und Verdämmung spezifiziert. Dabei können im kleinsten Wirkmodus vergleichsweise große und schwere Hüllensplitter auftreten.In this application, the design of a deflagrator is specified depending on various performance characteristics such as dimensions and containment. In this case, comparatively large and heavy shell splinters can occur in the smallest active mode.

Allerdings ist anzumerken, dass der Einsatz von Metallen wie z.B. Stählen hoher Festigkeit und spröden Eigenschaften (geringe Streckgrenze und Bruchdehnung) und / oder konvex gekrümmten Hüllenformen bereits zu kleineren Splittern führt. Dies liegt daran, dass dann die Zerlegung in axialer Richtung besser funktioniert.However, it should be noted that the use of metals such as e.g. Steels high strength and brittle properties (low yield strength and elongation at break) and / or convex curved shell shapes already leads to smaller splinters. This is because then the decomposition in the axial direction works better.

USUS 82723308272330 B1B1 - Selectable Size Fragmentation Warhead- Selectable Size Fragmentation Warhead

Hier wird auf ein Paar von zylindrischen Linern abgestellt, die auch verdrehbar sein können. Als Material wird Kunststoff angegeben. Es werden verschiedene geometrische Formen als Öffnungen angegeben. Wie bei P700464 ergibt sich das Problem, dass die Drücke bei Kombination mit Initiiereinrichtungen zur Erzeugung subdetonativer Outputmodi typischerweise zu klein sind, um die äußere Hülle kontrolliert zu zerlegen. Dies gilt insbesondere im kleinsten Wirkmodus mit der Deflagration der Sprengladung.Here is a pair of cylindrical liners parked, which can also be rotated. The material is plastic. Various geometric shapes are indicated as openings. As with P700464, the problem arises that when combined with initiators to generate subdetonative output modes, the pressures are typically too small to control the outer shell in a controlled manner. This is especially true in the smallest mode of action with the deflagration of the explosive charge.

USUS 82723298272329 B1B1 - Selectable Lethality Warhead Patterned Hole Fragmentation Insert Sleeves- Selectable Lethality Warhead Patterned Hole Fragmentation Insert Sleeves

In diesem Patent wird explizit auf runde Öffnungen abgestellt, wobei mindestens drei Einlagen in den Ansprüchen genannt werden, die wiederum verdrehbar sein können. Es gelten die gleichen Nachteile wie zuvor genannt.In this patent is explicitly focused on round openings, with at least three deposits are mentioned in the claims, which in turn can be rotated. The same disadvantages apply as mentioned above.

USUS 82765208276520 B1B1 - Adaptive Fragmentation Mechanism to Enhance Lethality- Adaptive Fragmentation Mechanism to Enhance Lethality

Hier werden Ringeinlagen beschrieben, die bei detonativer Umsetzung mit einem Hohlladungseffekt die Außenhülle zerlegen. Hierbei ist anzumerken, dass die Wirkung bei deflagrativer / subdetonativer Umsetzung zu keinem Hohlladungseffekt führt, da der deflagrative Reaktionsmechanismus keine Schockfront mit hohen Drücken erzeugt.Ring inserts are described here, which disassemble the detonative reaction with a shaped charge effect, the outer shell. It should be noted that the effect of deflagrative / subdetonative conversion to none Hollow charge effect leads, since the deflagrative reaction mechanism does not produce a shock front with high pressures.

3. Lösungsmöglichkeiten und technische Merkmale der Erfindung3. Possible Solutions and Technical Features of the Invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird einen Gefechtskopf nach dem Anspruch 1 vorgeschlagen. Die quasistatischen Drücke, die bei einer Deflagration auftreten, hängen von den Raten der Energiedissipation im Vergleich zur Energieerzeugung ab. Hierbei spielt auch die Verdämmung des Gefechtskopfes durch seine Hülle und eventuelleAccording to the invention, a warhead according to claim 1 is proposed. The quasistatic pressures that occur during deflagration depend on the rates of energy dissipation compared to energy production. This also plays the damming of the warhead through its shell and eventual

Deckel, konstruktive Maßnahmen zur Entlüftung sowie auch die Ausgangstemperatur der Sprengladung des Gefechtskopfes und seiner Umgebung eine Rolle.Lid, design measures for venting and the output temperature of the explosive charge of the warhead and its surroundings a role.

Aufgabengemäß soll die im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung besonders das axiale Zerlegen der Hülle in kürzere und insgesamt leichtere Splitter signifikant verbessern.In accordance with the object of the invention, the apparatus proposed in the context of the invention is intended to significantly improve the axial disassembly of the casing into shorter and, as a whole, lighter splinters.

Gemäß der vorgeschlagenen Lösung werden Kerbladungen (auch als Sprengstoffkerben, Schneidladungen oder lineare Hohlladungen bekannt) vorgeschlagen, die sich auf der Innenseite der Hülle befinden. Durch Ausnutzen des Hohlladungseffektes wird die Hülle in den betroffenen Bereichen erheblich geschwächt und / oder penetriert, so dass sich in der Folge kleinere Splitter bilden können. Beispiele möglicher Querschnitte der Kerbladungen sind in Figur 1 angegeben, wobei sich diese nicht notwendigerweise darauf beschränken.According to the proposed solution, notch charges (also known as explosive notches, cutting charges or linear shaped charges) are proposed which are located on the inside of the envelope. By exploiting the hollow charge effect, the sheath in the affected areas is significantly weakened and / or penetrated, so that smaller fragments can form as a result. Examples of possible cross sections of the notch charges are in FIG. 1 indicated, but these are not necessarily limited thereto.

Derartige Kerbladungen funktionieren jedoch nicht in ihrer Standardausführung (wie in Figur 1 gezeigt), da im Fall der subdetonativen Umsetzung der Sprengladung üblicherweise keine Detonationsfront mit entsprechend hohen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten und -drücken auftritt. Genau für diesen Fall soll eine Lösung vorgeschlagen werden, die eine sichere Initiierung der Kerbladungen ermöglicht.However, such notches do not work in their standard version (as in FIG. 1 shown), since in the case of subdetonative implementation of the explosive charge usually no detonation front with correspondingly high reaction rates and pressures occurs. It is precisely for this case that a solution should be proposed which allows a safe initiation of the notch charges.

Als Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird-erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass die vorgenannten Kerbladungen temperaturaktivierbar ausgeführt werden. Dabei wird ausgenutzt, dass eine mehrphasige Reaktionszone bestehend aus Flammen- und Druckfront, wie sie bei einer Verbrennungs- oder auch Deflagrationsreaktion typischerweise auftritt, zu hohen Temperaturen von mehreren 1000 K führt.As a solution to this problem is inventively proposed that the aforementioned Kerbladungen be made temperature-activated. It is exploited that a multi-phase reaction zone consisting of flame and pressure front, as typically occurs in a combustion or deflagration reaction leads to high temperatures of several 1000 K.

Die Kerbladungen werden dabei so ausgeführt, dass eine thermisch aktivierbare Anzündladung infolge der ablaufenden Reaktion den Druck lokal erhöht und in der Kerbladung nach einer vom verwendeten Sprengstoff und Initiierungsdruck abhängigen Anlaufstrecke letztlich zu einer schockinitiierten, selbständigen Reaktion führt. Sobald diese Detonationsfront auf das der Hülle zugewandte Ende der Kerbladung trifft, kollabiert diese und führt zu einer lokalen Schwächung der Hülle in Form einer Kerbwirkung. Die Auskerbung kann zusätzlich auch über eine Einlage aus einem Metall, Kunststoff oder beliebig anderem inerten Material bestehen. Zudem sind reaktive Einlagen möglich.The Kerbladungen be carried out so that a thermally activated ignition charge due to the ongoing reaction increases the pressure locally and ultimately leads to a shock-initiated, independent reaction in the Kerbladung after a dependent of the explosive and initiation pressure starting route. As soon as this detonation front strikes the end of the notch charge facing the shell, it collapses and leads to a local weakening of the shell in the form of a notch effect. The notch may also be made of an insert made of a metal, plastic or any other inert material. In addition, reactive deposits are possible.

Zur geschickten Erhöhung des Initierungsdruckes und damit auch Reduktion der Baulänge kann die Vorrichtung mit einem inerten Material verdämmt sein. Eine geschickte Kombination des Sprengstoffes der Kerbladung und ihrer Verdämmung kann dazu führen, dass auf eine Anzündladung verzichtet werden kann.For skillful increase of the initiation pressure and thus also the reduction of the overall length, the device can be dammed with an inert material. A clever combination of the explosive of the notch charge and its containment can lead to the omission of an ignition charge.

Des Weiteren kann die Vorrichtung mit einer einzelnen oder mehreren Dämpfungsschichten aus inerten Materialien mit schockdämpfenden Eigenschaften umgeben sein, um eine unerwünschte sympathetische Initiierung der Sprengladung zu vermeiden. Dies hilft wiederum, die IM-Eigenschaften bei thermischen Stimuli zu verbessern.Furthermore, the device may be surrounded by a single or multiple layers of inert damping material having shock-absorbing properties to avoid undesirable sympathetic initiation of the explosive charge. This in turn helps to improve the IM properties in thermal stimuli.

Figur 2 zeigt den Querschnitt der Kerbladung (3) mit Anzündladung (4), Verdämmungs- und Dämpfungsschichten (5,6), die vor einer äußeren Hülle (1) angeordnet und in eine Hauptladung (2) eingebettet ist. FIG. 2 shows the cross section of the notch charge (3) with ignition charge (4), damping and damping layers (5,6), which is arranged in front of an outer shell (1) and embedded in a main charge (2).

Diese Kerbladungen können schließlich axial, quer und / oder schräg zur Gefechtskopfachse einzeln oder mehrere in parallelen und / oder sich kreuzenden Lagen angeordnet sein, um Splitter einer gewünschten Größe und Masse zu erzeugen. Beispiele derartiger Anordnungen sind in Figur 3 zu finden, die an einem zylindrischen Gefechtskopf dargestellt sind. Daneben sind aber auch beliebige andere Formen, wie beispielsweise konvex geformte Gefechtsköpfe, wie sie typischerweise bei Bomben, Artillerie- und Mörsergeschossen angewendet werden, möglich.These kerf charges may ultimately be arranged axially, transversely and / or obliquely to the warhead axis individually or a plurality of parallel and / or intersecting layers to produce chips of a desired size and mass. Examples of such arrangements are in FIG. 3 to find, which are represented on a cylindrical warhead. In addition, however, any other shapes, such as convex-shaped warheads, as are typically used in bombs, artillery and mortars, possible.

Claims (11)

  1. Warhead, comprising
    a primary explosive charge (2) and a casing (1),
    wherein a plurality of notch charges (3) for controlled decomposition of the casing are attached to the inner face of the casing,
    wherein each notch charge is preceded by an ignition charge (4) which can be rendered detonative by applying a high temperature and exploiting a DDT (deflagration-to-detonation transition) effect, the casing being weakened by a notch effect in such a way that the casing can be decomposed into splinters in a controlled manner.
  2. Warhead according to claim 1,
    wherein the ignition charge can be ignited by means of a hot gas.
  3. Warhead according to any of the preceding claims,
    comprising a tamping layer which encloses the notch charge and the ignition charge at least in part.
  4. Warhead according to any of the preceding claims,
    comprising at least one absorption layer which encloses the notch charge and the ignition charge at least in part.
  5. Warhead according to claim 4,
    wherein the at least one absorption layer consists of inert materials having shock absorption properties.
  6. Warhead according to any of the preceding claims,
    wherein the notch charges are arranged axially, transversely and/or obliquely with respect to a warhead axis.
  7. Warhead according to claim 6,
    wherein the notch charges are arranged individually or in a plurality in parallel and/or mutually crossing positions.
  8. Warhead according to any of the preceding claims, having a convex shape.
  9. Warhead according to any of the preceding claims,
    wherein the notch charge has an insert.
  10. Warhead according to claim 9,
    wherein the insert consists of metal, plastics material or an inert material.
  11. Warhead according to claim 9,
    wherein the insert is reactive.
EP15002816.5A 2014-10-01 2015-09-30 Device for controlled spall forming by means of temperature-activated notch loads Not-in-force EP3002542B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102014014332.5A DE102014014332B3 (en) 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 Apparatus and method for the controlled fragmentation by means of temperature-activated Kerbladungen

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EP3002542A1 EP3002542A1 (en) 2016-04-06
EP3002542B1 true EP3002542B1 (en) 2018-04-04

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EP15002816.5A Not-in-force EP3002542B1 (en) 2014-10-01 2015-09-30 Device for controlled spall forming by means of temperature-activated notch loads

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EP (1) EP3002542B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102014014332B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2675529T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014014332B3 (en) 2016-03-17
EP3002542A1 (en) 2016-04-06
US9982979B2 (en) 2018-05-29
US20160097620A1 (en) 2016-04-07
ES2675529T3 (en) 2018-07-11

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